CALCIUM STEARATE 

Calcium stearate is a waxy material with low solubility in water, unlike traditional sodium and potassium soaps. It is also easy and cheap to produce, and exhibits low toxicity. These attributes are the basis of many of its applications. Related applications exist for the magnesium stearate.Calcium stearate, the calcium salt of stearic acid derived from animal fats & oils or vegetable oils, with the chemical formula Ca(C18H35O2)2. Calcium stearate is used as a flow agent and surface conditioner in some candies such as Smarties, jawbreakers and Sprees.It is a waterproofing agent for fabrics. A lubricant in pencils and crayons.White to yellowish-white waxy powder or dispersions, with a slight, characteristic fatty odor, and a grease touch.It is sparingly soluble in water (solubility 0.004 g/100 mL at 25 °C), while the other two metallic stearates, sodium and potassium stearate are soluble in water.Slightly soluble in hot alcohol, hot vegetable and mineral oils. Divalent Ca2+ can bind two non-polar fatty acid  molecules, while Na+ and K+ can only bind to one fatty acid as a monovalent ion. Two fatty acid molecules prevent Ca2+ interact with water molecules, thus making it insoluble in water.It is made up of two stearate anions and a calcium cation. Totally there are 36 carbons in length of molecule structure.Calcium stearate is mainly used as an anti-caking agent in food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals for its lubricating and water-repelling properties.It can be used as a solid-phase lubricant to prevent ingredients and finished products from sticking caused by absorbing moisture.In bread, it is a dough conditioner that functions as a free-flowing agent, and is commonly used together with other dough softeners such as mono- and diglycerides.  It is generally used for its lubricating properties. It maintains emulsions from separating into oil and water phases in cosmetics and personal care products.It is an excipient that can be used as a mold-release agent (to help machines run fast) in the manufacturing of pharmaceutical tablets and capsules. Calcium stearate is used as a lubricant, release agent and an acid scavenger (to neutralize hydrochloric acid) in the manufacturing of plastics, e.g. vinyl polychloride (PVC) and polyethylene (PE).It can also be used in coating, paper, rubber, concrete, textile, an antifoaming agent and so on.It's white light crystalline powder, insoluble in water, cold ethanol and ether, soluble in hot benzene and turpentine, slightly soluble in hot ethanol and ether. Chemical formula Ca (C17H35COO)2. Waterproofing and release agent, stabilizer for PVC, lubricant, conditioning agent.Calcium Stearate is one of numerous organo-metallic compounds sold by American Elements under the tradename AE Organo-Metallics™ for uses requiring non-aqueous solubility such as recent solar energy and water treatment applications. Calcium Stearate is generally immediately available in most volumes, including bulk quantities. American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Water repellent, flatting agent in paints, lubricant in making tablets, emulsions, cements, wax crayons, stabilizer for vinyl resins, mold release agent.
The concrete industry uses calcium stearate for efflorescence control of cementitious products used in the production of concrete masonry units i.e. paver and block, as well as waterproofing.In paper production, calcium stearate is used as a lubricant to provide good gloss, preventing dusting and fold cracking in paper and paperboard making.In plastics, it can act as an acid scavenger or neutralizer at concentrations up to 1000ppm, a lubricant and a release agent. It may be used in plastic colorant concentrates to improve pigment wetting. In rigid PVC, it can accelerate fusion, improve flow, and reduce die swell.Applications in the personal care and pharmaceutical industry include tablet mold release, anti-tack agent, and gelling agent.Calcium stearate is a component in some types of defoamers. Anticaking agent. Calcium stearate is obtained from the reaction of stearic acid and lime.Calcium stearate (C36H70CaO4) is a mixture of calcium oxide with solid fatty acids such as stearic and palmitic acids. It is used as pharmaceutical excipient in manufacturing and used for tablet and capsule lubrication. It has good anti-adherent and lubricant properties but poor glidant properties. Calcium stearate is also used in cosmetics and food products.Calcium Stearate is a high purity, non-wettable, calcium stearate powder manufactured with high quality stearic acid. During manufacture, the particle size, shape, bulk, and purity of Calcium Stearate are closely controlled to guarantee product uniformity. Calcium Stearate is used by the rubber and plastic industries as an effective elastomer processing aid and release agent. The low chloride content of  Calcium Stearate allows for complete product dispersion in elastomers. Calcium Stearate reduces extruder pressure build-up of rigid PVC compounds when used as a processing aid during the manufacture of pipe, siding and injection molded fittings. The low chloride content of Calcium Stearate meets the quality and processing demands of polyolefin, polystyrene and polyester manufacture. Calcium Stearate can also be used as a processing aid in wire drawing operations, and as an anti-caking additive in dry blending operations.Metallic stearates are esters or salts of stearic acid. Univar supplies metallic stearates to the concrete, paper, plastics, rubber, paint, coatings and metal industries. Several forms are offered including, beads, powder, granules and water-based dispersions.CALCIUM STEARATE is classified as :Anticaking, Cosmetic colorant, Emulsion stabilising,Viscosity controlling. The calcium salt of distilled, hydrogenated fatty acids, it is typically used as a catalyst neutralizer or lubricant in polypropylenes. Choice of grade is often based on particle size.Calcium stearate is a carboxylate of calcium, classified as a calcium soap. Calcium stearate is a component of some lubricants, surfactants, as well as many foodstuffs. It is a white waxy powder. Calcium stearate is a waxy material with low solubility in water, unlike traditional sodium and potassium soaps. Calcium stearate is also easy and cheap to produce and exhibits low toxicity. These attributes are the basis of many of its applications.
Calcium stearate is an anticaking agent used in a wide variety of foods including salt, spices, confections, snack products and dry mixes. The VRG noticed while doing a Spring 2015 update on stearic acid and its derivatives that several websites and books list calcium stearate as being primarily derived from cows or pigs. When we discovered from food ingredient manufacturers and suppliers that most calcium stearate used today in food products is from vegetable oils, we decided to check food labels and contact food companies to confirm if the calcium stearate present today in foods was indeed mostly or even solely vegetable-derived.
A general review of the manufacture, properties, and uses of calcium stearate appeared in 1984. Its uses include that of a flating agent in paint, a lubricant, plasticizer and leveler for paper coatings, suspending agent in paints, a release agent in plastic and other mouldings, a tabletting agent, a water repellant, and a cosmetic component, etc. Methods for the production of the stearate have been published, e.g. from calcium hydroxide, in the presence of zeolites, as dust free granules, in spherical particles (for use as a stabilizer in poly (vinyl chloride), and as an aqueous surfactant, viscosity stabilized dispersion. The drying of the soap has also been described. 
CALCIUM STEARATE Vegetable is manufactured for those applications demanding a superior quality, clear melting grade of calcium stearate produced from high quality, certified food grade vegetable derived stearic acid. The polyolefin industry, in particular, is characterized by such applications. CALCIUM STEARATE Vegetable, build-up on extruder screen packs is minimized, resulting in longer runs and reduced down time. Synpro® CALCIUM STEARATE Vegetable may be safely used as stabilizers in polymers used in the manufacture of components intended for holding food.Metal soaps are produced by the reaction of metal oxides and a fatty acid. Calcium Stearate, which can function as water repellent, lubricant, process facilitator, mold release agent in indutries such as plastic, rubber, construction chemicals, paint and varnish.Calcium Stearate is a vegetable based product that is food grade Kosher, USP, and vegetarian friendly. It can be used for an excipient, mold release agent, source of calcium, tableting agent. This product can come in powder and granular form, in either bags or supersacks. Calcium Stearate has a free fatty acid percent of 1.0 maximum, a moisture percent of 3.0 maximum, and a melting point of 148 – 160°C.Calcium stearate (C36H70O4.Ca) is a carboxylate of calcium that is produced by the reaction of stearic acid and calcium oxide. Also known as calcium octadecanoic acid, it has a high melting point of around 356F and is accessible in both solid and liquid forms. As calcium stearate is relatively easy and affordable to manufacture with low toxicity, it is used in a number of industries across the globe.Calcium stearate is employed in the rubber processing industry as an anti-caking and scavenging agent to prevent coagulation of uncured rubber and release the final product from molds. In line with this, the rising demand for rubber in the automobile industry is impelling the growth of the market. It is also used for improving the sheen and extending the life of paper products in the pulp and paper industry. Moreover, as calcium stearate is considered fit for human consumption, it is used in the food industry for producing spices, candies and other confectionary items. Similarly, in the pharmaceutical industry, it is incorporated into various supplements and oral drug formulations. Additionally, liquid calcium stearate is utilized in the cement industry to prevent secondary efflorescence and minimize the loss of solvated salts, owing to the continuous exposure of adhesive to the air. Furthermore, the thriving construction industry, driven by the increasing infrastructural activities and rising residential and commercial construction, is anticipated to spur the demand for calcium stearate in the upcoming years.The invention discloses a preparation process of high-purity calcium stearate. The preparation process comprises the following steps of: dissolving stearic acid by chloroform which is taken as a dissolvent; performing recrystallization on the dissolved stearic acid; washing the stearic acid by chloroform to obtain high-purity stearic acid; reacting the high-purity stearic acid with calcium hydroxide at 100 DEG C for 90 minutes; and dehydrating, drying and smashing the reacted mixture to obtain the finished product. The product of calcium stearate disclosed by the invention is of certain high purity, is high in quality, and is higher than the standard of national firsts. The production process is simple, the production cost is low, and the preparation process is applicable to industrial production.Calcium stearate is a fine, white powder. It is an insoluble salt of calcium, stearic acid, and palmitic acid.Calcium stearate, which is recognized as physiologically safe, has become increasingly important in recent years. Calcium stearate is insoluble in most solvents. It dissolves only slightly when heated in aromatic compounds, chlorinated hydrocarbons or vegetable and mineral oils and waxes.Calcium stearate is primarily used as a release agent, lubricant and acid scavenger by the rubber and tire industry.Calcium stearate is the most widely used organometallic compound in rigid PVC. It is the reacted product of an organic acid derived from tallow or palm oil and calcium. The basic molecular structure of calcium stearate is as follows:High purity, non-wettable, calcium stearate powder manufactured with high quality stearic acid.Calcium Stearate is used by the rubber and plastic industries as an effective elastomer processing aid and release agent. The low chloride content of Calcium Stearate allows for complete product dispersion in elastomers.Calcium Stearate reduces extruder pressure build-up of rigid PVC compounds when used as a processing aid during the manufacture of pipe, siding and injection molded fittings.The low chloride content of Calcium Stearate meets the quality and processing demands of polyolefin, polystyrene and polyester manufacture.Calcium Stearate can also be used as a processing aid in wire drawing operations, and as an anti-caking additive in dry blending operations.:Calcium stearate is non-toxic white, fine powder, insoluble in water. When mixed with hot, strong mineral acids, they decomposed into stearic acid and corresponding calcium salts. When certain types of fatty acids are heated with an alkaline substance, the resulting salt is known as soap. Stearic acid is one of the most widely used components of soaps. Calcium stearate is a synthetic ingredient formed through a reaction when stearic acid and calcium oxide are heated together. It is the most important type of calcium salt, but due to its lack of solubility, it is not commonly used in soap in modern times, having been replaced by synthetic substances that are water soluble. Calcium stearate is widely used in cosmetics, plastics, and pharmaceuticals. This salt is used as a plasticizer, stabilizer, and surfactantPrecipitated calcium stearate has a very fine particle size, low-bulk density and is extremely dusty. The very fine particles precipitated calcium stearate disperse easily in PVC compounding. The fusion method yields a higher density, coarser particle size, but still very dusty calcium stearate. Fusion process calcium stearate does not disperse as quickly as precipitated calcium stearate during compounding. The resulting harder, larger particles may delay fusion of rigid PVC during the early stages of processing. Calcium stearate prepared by either method does not melt, but rather forms a thick taffy-like gel. Tin stabilizer contributes to breaking up or melting this gel.The solution process—used to prepare our standard calcium stearate product, RX-5050—yields a very different product. Calcium stearate prepared by this method is fully melting and disperses easily during rigid PVC compounding. The product form is a non-dusting, free-flowing, easy-to-handle prill ideal for automated blending systems. As opposed to the other methods, solution process calcium stearate has reliable and reproducible melting characteristics and easily combines, reproducibly, with the other ingredients typically present in rigid PVC formulations.Solution process calcium stearate has less of a tendency for rigid PVC impact failures due to over-processing.  When over-processed, precipitation or fusion process calcium stearate have a tendency to “invert” out of solution, creating sites where cracks can initiate.A food-grade emulsifier (E470) made from stearic acid and mineral lime (calcium oxide). Stearic acid is derived from sustainable coconut, palm, cottonseed, soybean or other plant oils.
In the present investigation the effect of calcium stearate on corrosion of steel was investigated. The effect of inhibitor on consistency, soundness, setting times of cement, compressive strength cement and concrete was also studied .The results of the investigation demonstrated that calcium Stearate is an effective inhibitor .It showed 90 %and 93%IE at the concentration of 3 and 5% respectively. The addition of Inhibitor acts as accelerator for setting time and slow down compressive strength at early stage. After 60 days strength is improve significantly. Petrographic examination reveals that calcium Stearate blocks the pores and thereby reduces the corrosion rate of steel. In photographic examination inhibited steel is found to be more smooth as compared to blank. The use of calcium stearate is seen widely as a stabilizer for PVC resins and lubricant for plastic moulding powders or tablets. Its use is recommended also in emulsions, cements, pencils, construction chemicals, paint flattening agent, resin coated sands and foundry chemicals, decaking agent in food items like onions and cosmetics. Use of calcium stearate is seen as a lubricating agent in paper and paperboard coating compositions, iron wire drawing and leather cloth manufacturing as well. Its use has been extended as a neutralizer, colour stabilizer, reducer of fiber breakage and de-agglomerator in PP and HDPE applications.Calcium stearate is also known as octadecanoic acid calcium salt, stearic acid calcium salt. it has a more precise dose and is cleaner.Calcium stearate is recognized as physiologically safe, and is insoluble in most solvents. Compared to waxes, it has a relatively high softening point, and, consequently, do not become greasy at higher temperatures.Calcium stearate is primarily used as an acid scavenger, release agent and lubricant in the plastics industry, for waterproofing in construction, and as an anti-caking additive in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.Calcium stearate also known as calcium octadecanoic acid. Light white crystalline powder. Chemical formula (C17H35COO) 2Ca. The molecular weight is 607.00. Melting point 179~180 ℃, decomposed by heat. Insoluble in water, cold ethanol and diethyl ether, soluble in hot benzene, toluene, and turpentine, slightly soluble in hot ethanol and diethyl ether. It reacts with strong acid to be decomposed into stearic acid and corresponding calcium salt. Water absorption in the air. Intolerance lipolytic microorganisms. Pyrolysis to generate stearin ketones and hydrocarbons. Non-toxic. Industrial often mixed with the corresponding oleate.As stabilizers and lubricants of polyvinyl chloride; as halogen absorbent of polyethylene and polypropylene; as lubricants of polyolefin fibers and molded products; as lubricant and release agent of phenolic, amino and other thermosetting plastics; as intensifier of lubricating grease; as waterproofing agent of waterproof fabric; etc. Food grade Calcium stearate serves as an anti-caking agent. Dilute soap is made by the reaction of melt stearic acid and sodium hydroxide, reacting with calcium chloride, and Calcium stearate is obtained .It can be used as heat stabilizer of polyvinyl chloride, it has excellent lubricity. Thermal stability performance is general, and is less than barium stearate, lead stearate, tin stearate and cadmium stearate. But it is cheap, low toxicity, good processability. Combined with Zinc soap and an epoxy compound, it shows a synergistic effect, improving the thermal stability, and it is commonly used for requirements nontoxic soft products, such as food packaging films, medical instruments, etc. It combines with the base lead salts and lead soaps used for hard products, increasing the gelation speed. Calcium stearate is used for polyethylene and polypropylene, and it can eliminate the adverse effects of residual catalyst on the resin color and stability. This product is also widely used as lubricant and release agent of thermosetting plastics, such as polyolefin, polyester reinforced plastics, phenolic resin, amino resin, etc.

It is a fine powder, white and silky to the touch, with the following properties:
It is very stable under high temperature conditions
It is non-toxic and is even used as a food additive, E470
It is highly resistant to water and has water-repellent properties
It serves as a lubricant, stabilizer and thickener in various processes.
You can buy 50% liquid calcium stearate emulsion, which makes even distribution, dosage and handling easier.

Feed-grade calcium stearate may be safely used in an animal feed in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:(a) Feed-grade calcium stearate is the calcium or sodium salts of a fatty acid mixture that is predominately stearic acid. Associated fatty acids, including palmitic acid and minor amounts of lauric, myristic, pentadecanoic, margaric, arachidic, and other fatty acids may be contained in the mixture, but such associated fatty acids in aggregate do not exceed 35 percent by weight of the mixture. The fatty acids may be derived from feed-grade fats or oils.

(b) The additives meet the following specifications:

(1) Unsaponifiable matter does not exceed 2 percent.

(2) They are free of chick-edema factor.

(c) The additives are manufactured so that in aqueous solution they are exposed for 1 hour or longer to temperature in excess of 180 °F.

(d) They are used as anticaking agents in animal feeds in accordance with current good manufacturing practices.

Typical applications

PVC Processing
The main application is in rigid PVC compounds. Calcium stearate is used in combination with zinc stearate in non-toxic stabilizers (most used are grades S, SW, BS and SP)

Polyethylene and Polypropylene Manufacture and Processing
Employed mainly as as acid acceptor and lubricant (most used are grades S, DW, DLC, WLC and PLC)

Polyamides and Polycarbonates
Used as lubricant to improve fluidity

Polyesters
Used as internal lubricant

Latex and Rubber Process
Used as anti-bloacking agent

Building Materials
Applied as hydrophobic agent in mortars and plasters (most used are grades S and SW)

Food and Feed
Used as anti caking agent