CARBOMER

POLYACRYLIC ACID = CARBOMER

CAS NUMBER: 9003-01-4

EC / LIST NUMBER: 611-106-7

MOLECULAR FORMULA: (C3H4O2)N

Carbomer is a term used for a series of polymers primarily made from acrylic acid. 
The Carbomers are white, fluffy powders but are frequently used as gels in cosmetics and personal care products. 
Carbomers can be found in a wide variety of product types including skin, hair, nail, and makeup products, as well as dentifrices.
Carbomers are hydrophilic synthetic polymers of acrylic acid. In cosmetics, they are used to thicken the preparations as a gelling agent or emulsifier, but also as a solvent to help the formulas stay well mixed. 
These are big molecules that do not penetrate the barriers of the skin. 
They improve the textures of creams or shampoos, so that they are more pleasant to use.

Carbomer is a derivative of acrylic acid (CH2=CHCO2H). 
In addition to the homopolymers, a variety of copolymers and crosslinked polymers, and partially deprotonated derivatives thereof are known and of commercial value. 
In a water solution at neutral pH, PAA is an anionic polymer, i.e., many of the side chains of PAA lose their protons and acquire a negative charge. 
Partially or wholly deprotonaated PAAs are polyelectrolytes, with the ability to absorb and retain water and swell to many times their original volume. 
These properties - acid-base and water-attracting - are the bases of many applications.
Carbomer; They are synthetic high molecular weight cross-linked synthetic acid polymers of acrylic acids. 
They can be crosslinked with homopolymers of acrylic acid or pentaerythritol allyl ether, sucrose allyl ether or propylene allyl ether. 
Carbomer has the ability to absorb and retain water and inflate its volumes up to many times.

Carbomer is a thickening agent that helps control the viscosity and rhealogy of cosmetic. 
Carbomer also helps distribute and suspend insoluble solids into liquid, and prevent the oil and liquid parts of a solution from separating. 
Carbomer has the ability to absorb and retain water, and can swell up to 1000 times its original volume when dispersed in water. 
This ingredient is contained in a wide range of personal care products such as styling gel, facial moisturizer, shampoo, eye cream, cleanser and scrubs.
Carbomer is a polymer of acrylic acid cross-linked w/ polyalkenyl ethers of sugars and polyalcohols. 
Carbomer is used as a tear substitute in the management of dry eyes. Additionally, Carbomer is used as suspending agent, gel base, emulsifier, and binding agent in pharmaceutical manufacturing.

Carbomer is a polyacrylic acid polymer used as an emulsifying, stabilizing, thickening, gelling agent and rheological modifier.
Carbomer’s mainly used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical fields for the production of creams, lotions, detergents, hair gels and sanitizing gels.
Carbomers gelation, very transparent and with a pleasant texture, is carried out by dispersing the product in water, thus creating a slightly acidic ambient, which is subsequently neutralized making pH basic with Sodium Hydroxide, Potassium Hydroxide or TEA ( triethanolamine).

Carbomer, which is used in cosmetics, disinfectants, medical and many industrial areas, generally supports formulations in providing consistency and stabilization. 
The most used product of carbomer is disinfectant and hair gel. 
Carbomer gives the greatest contribution to the gelation of the product. 
Carbomer is between 0.1% - 1% depending on the formulation type and the desired final viscosity (for example, 0.5% in disinfectant, 0.7% in hair gel, 0.1% in hand and cream). 
Carbomer is used in medical chemistry as ultrasound and kgg gel. 
Carbomer is important in the operation of the ultrasound mouse device in hospitals.

Carbomers are compounds obtained by converting acrylic acid into polymers in the presence of a solvent and other chemicals. 
Carbomer is the trade name of the product. 
Carbomer can be found in the market with many different names and codes. 
Besides, another company has commercial products as Carbopol.

Carbomer (Carbomer), Detergent, Cosmetic, Pharmaceutical etc. 
These are the products we generally use to thicken and gel in the production of many products such as
Our carbomer product groups offer different varieties as follows and help us to provide you with the service you need for all the uses you need. 
EDGEL Carbomer products offer Quality/Price advantage with viscosity ranges suitable for different sectors.

Carbomer is synthetic high molecular weight polymers of acrylic acids. 
They can be homopolymers of acrylic acid or crosslinked with pentaerythritol allyl ether, sucrose allyl ether or propylene allyl ether. 
In an aqueous solution at neutral pH, PAA is an anionic polymer, meaning many side chains of PAA will lose their protons and acquire a negative charge. 
In this way, they have the ability to absorb and retain water and inflate to many times their original volume. Dry PAAs are sold as white, fluffy powders. 
For many applications, PAAs are used in the form of alkali metal or ammonium salts. eg. sodium polyacrylate.

Carbomer is a weak anionic polyelectrolyte whose degree of ionization depends on the pH of the solution. 
In its nonionic form at low pH, PAA can combine with various nonionic polymers (e.g. polyethylene oxide, poly-N-vinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylamide, and some cellulose ethers) and form hydrogen-bonded interpolymer complexes. 
In aqueous solutions, PAA can also form polycomplexes with oppositely charged polymers (eg chitosan), surfactants and drug molecules (eg streptomycin).
Carbomers are technology-modifying chemicals used to increase the viscosity of some products in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry.
In general, low-viscosity fluids are treated by making them less fluid, increasing their viscosity.
The Carbomer structure can generally be seen as Polyacrylic Acid. So Carbomers are trade names of Polyacrylic acids.
Carbomers are chemicals that are actively used by product developers. These chemicals offer excellent solutions when there is a problem with viscosity and rheology.
Carbomer can absorb and hold water up to 1000 times its own volume.

Some Carbomer derivatives work better in the presence of surfactant. 
Anionic surfactant, nonionic surfactant and amphoteric surfactants are used for this.
Among the surfactants used are anionic surfactants such as sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLS), Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS). 
Surfactants such as Cocoamidopropyl Betaine, Lauryl Glucoside are treated.
Carbomer has the ability to form hydroalkalic and foamy gels. 
In applications made with spraying, habits are realized in a short time.

PRODUCTION:
 
-Carbomers belong to the family of cross-linked acrylic acid polymers. 
-There are many types of homo and copolymers.
-Carbomer production is achieved by mild crosslinking of polyalcohols with allyl ethers. 
-The chemical obtained here forms polymers of acrylic acid with high molecular weight.
-There are different types of Carbomers that are treated as excipients in pharmaceuticals and OTC drug formulations. 
-These; Homo Polymer is Copolymer and interpolymer.

USAGE AREAS:

Carbomer is used in the cosmetics industry in the manufacture of antibacterial gels to increase viscosity, that is, to provide thickening properties.
Carbomer is used in the manufacture of adhesives to give consistency.
In the field of pharmacology, it acts as an auxiliary substance in the manufacture of drugs that can be given as micelles.
Carbomer is used in the activity of examining the diffusion of Polyvinyl Alcohol during hydrogel production.
Carbomer is important to obtain a good image in terms of quality and resolution in ultrasound gel production. 
For this reason, Carbomer types that form transparent gels are used in the production of ultrasound gel. 
When injuries occur in the body, they need to be treated. For this, Carbomer is important that the area to be treated is moist or dry. 
During the treatment phase, dry environments prepare the environment for the cells to die again. 
However, moist environments prepare the environment for the cells to heal themselves. 

Carbomer is used to make Hydrogels for the treatment of wounds.
Carbomer is used as a thickening agent in cosmetic products produced for hair wrapping and curling.
Carbomer is used together with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory active substance in creams produced to relieve pain in the body in patients with colds. 
Carbomer is used to thicken the cream.
Besides, in some applications they are used to disperse the insoluble solid in the liquid.
Carbomer is used together with Sorbitol in the production of hot and cold complex gels. 
Hot and cold complex gels are used to prevent swelling caused by the impacts on the bodies of the patients when football players receive a hard blow.

Carbomer is used together with Menthol (Menthol), triethanolamine, Polysorbate 20, Methyl Salycilate and Phenxyethanol in the production of muscle relaxant complex gel. 
In this application, Carbomer acts as a thickening agent.
Carbomer (Carbomer) is used as a rheology modifier in the production of moisturizing cream, which is produced to prevent water loss in the skin and to prevent dryness on the skin.
In pharmaceutical applications, Carbomer is used in the formulations of drugs containing caffeine, which are produced to relieve puffiness on the eyelids.
Carbomer has high viscosity and good bonding effect.

Carbomer has an excellent gel metric and crystal structure, giving a nice pleasant tactile feel. It is used as lotion, gel, cream, binding agent in hair and skin care products.
The carbomer has simple process technique, good stability. It gives a feeling of relaxation when used on the skin and eye gels.
Carbomer is used as a thickening agent in aqueous solutions. The gel structure breaks down easily, cuts and returns to its initial state. The product can be pumped or sprayed thanks to the cutting/thinning process to be applied to the final product. Thanks to its clarity, it provides high transparency material production.
Carbomer provides high efficiency at low dosage. It provides an excellent short flow (non-drip) property and high clarity.
Oppositely charged polymers (chitosan) etc. in aqueous solutions. It can form polycomplexes with surfactants and drug molecules.

Carbomer is used in disposable diapers, women's pads.
Carbomer is used in ion exchange resins and adhesives.
Carbomer is used as a thickening, dispersing, suspending and emulsifying agent in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, chaff fuel (sparking clear gel), ultrasound gels and paints.
Carbomer is used to obtain biocompatible matrices in skin care and skin disease treatment products.

USES IN COSMETICS:

-In Making Sculpting Gel with shampoo 
-In the Manufacturing of Facial Moisturizing Creams
-In Eye Creams
-In Treatment Substances Produced Against Aging
-In the Manufacturing of Cleaning and Scrubbing Products

USES:

Carbomer forms a clear gel when mixed with water and neutralized with a suitable base. 
Carbomer should be done with a slow addition of polymer and mixing until the particles are completely hydrated to avoid agglomeration formation in the mixture. 
Turbulence should be avoided in mixing to avoid trapping of air, which can be difficult to remove from the finished product. 
During the preparation of emulsions, the carbomer can also be dispersed in the oil phase containing free fluid dispersions with concentrations up to 30%. 
Neutralization can be continued with organic bases (such as NaOH, KOH, NH4OH) or organic amines (such as TEA, AMP, AMPD). 
At a concentration of not more than 10%, Carbomer is recommended to add strong bases before dilution in water. 
Inorganic bivalent bases should be avoided as there may be an ionic counterbonding causing the polymer to precipitate. 
The addition of electrolytes can cause a decrease in viscosity, which is especially evident with salts of bi- and trivalent cations. 
UV rays cause viscosity loss in carbomer gels. 
The addition of water-soluble UV absorbers (BENZOFENON-4) helps prevent polymer degradation. 

Carbomer should be protected from moisture and stored in its closed package in a dry and cool environment. 
Carbomer should not be inhaled and contact with skin, eyes and mucous membranes should be avoided.
Carbomer acts as an emulsifier. It prevents the separation of oil and liquid components in a solution from each other.
Carbomer helps to control texture control, consistency and fluidity control in cosmetic products.
Carbomer is used to give gel consistency in the manufacture of antibacterial gels.

Carbomer is used to give consistency in the manufacture of make-up materials in the cosmetics industry. These; hair, nail and skin products.
In some formulations, they help to disperse the insoluble solid particles in the water and keep them suspended.
Carbomer is used as a rheology modifier in the manufacture of tire repair creams.
Carbomer is used together with methyl alcohol in the manufacture of products with fuel properties in barbecue applications specified as chafing fuel.
The Carbomers help to distribute or suspend an insoluble solid in a liquid. 
They are also used to keep emulsions from separating into their oil and liquid components. 
Carbomers are often used to control the consistency and flow of cosmetics and personal care products.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Its physical appearance is in the form of white powder.

-Boiling Point is 106 °C.

-Melting Point unknown.

-The density of the carbomers at 25 °C is 1.2 g/cm3.

-Carbomer is recommended to store this material in a dry area between 2 and 8 °C.

-Carbomer is soluble in solubility.

-Viscosities and dispersions vary according to production characteristics.

-The pH level of the carbomers in solution is important. While dispersions of some carbomers at 0.5% concentrations are between 2.7 and 3.5, some have higher pH levels.

-Physically, Carbomer is in the form of white powder. The most important chemical property of carbomers is their thickening properties. They increase the viscosity of the mixture or compounds to which they are added and work by giving consistency.

TECHNICIAL SPECIFICATIONS:

CAS No: 9003-01-4

Color : White Fluffy Powder

Clarity in water: >92-95%

Viscosity(0.2 solution): 20000-30000 cps

Viscosity(0.5 solution): 50000-60000 cps

Ph(0.5% solution): 2.7-3.5

Density: 0.2-0.4

Usage Rate: 0.2-1 %

Shelf Life: 24 months (minimum)

PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS:

-Carbomer provides controlled release in formulations requiring dosage in solid form. 
-Carbomer forms a highly efficient gel.
-Many excipients exhibit slower drug release at low concentrations than chemicals in its structure.
-Thanks to these features, Carbomer is possible to make smaller tablet forms with lower dosage forms.

APPLICATIONS:

Carbomer and its derivatives are used in disposable diapers, ion exchange resins and adhesives. 
Carbomers are also popular as thickening, dispersing, suspending and emulsifying agents, particularly in Pharmaceuticals, Cosmetics, Chafing Fuel, Ultrasound Gels and Paints. 
Carbomer can inactivate the antiseptic chlorhexidine gluconate. 
Neutralized Carbomer (polyacrylic acid) gels are suitable for obtaining biocompatible matrices for medical application products such as skin care or skin disease treatment products gel.
Carbomers are very suitable for use in the production of chafing fuel (clear Gels with sparking alcohol), Cosmetics (especially Hair Gels) and Ultrasound Gels, and can be used in the range of 0.1% to 1%, depending on the desired viscosity.
In order to prevent the formation of agglomeration, the carbomer is slowly added to the water and mixed, a clear gel is obtained when Carbomer is neutralized after being kept in water for suitable times and swelled. 
Organic bases (NaOH, KOH, NH4OH etc.) or organic amines (TEA, AMP, AMPD etc.) can be selected according to the product to be used to neutralize.
The dominant application for PAA is as a superabsorbent. 
About 25% of Carbomer is used for detergents and dispersants.

Carbomer and its derivatives are used in disposable diapers. 
Detergents often contain copolymers of acrylic acid that assist in sequestering dirt. 
Cross-linked polyacrylic acid has also been used in the processing of household products, including floor cleaners. 
Carbomer may inactivate the antiseptic chlorhexidine gluconate.
The neutralized polyacrylic acid gels are suitable biocompatible matrices for medical applications such as gels for skin care products. 

Carbomer films can be deposited on orthopaedic implants to protect them from corrosion. Crosslinked hydrogels of AA and gelatin have also been used as medical glue.
Other applications involve paints and cosmetics. 
They stabilize suspended solid in liquids, prevent emulsions from separating, and control the consistency in flow of cosmetics. 
Carbomer codes (910, 934, 940, 941, and 934P) are an indication of molecular weight and the specific components of the polymer. 
For many applications Carbomers are used in form of alkali metal or ammonium salts, e.g. sodium polyacrylate.

STRUCTURE PRODUCTION AND DERIVATIVES:

Carbomer is a polyolefin. 
Carbomer can be viewed as polyethylene with carboxylic acid (CO2H) substituents on alternating carbons. 
Owing to these groups, alternating carbon atoms in the backbone are stereogenic (colloquially: chiral). 
For this reason, Carbomer exists in atactic, syndiotactic, and isotactic forms, although this aspect is rarely discussed. 
The polymerization is initiated with radicals and is assumed to be stereorandom. 
Crosslinking can be introduced in many ways.
Carbomer is produced by free radical polymerization. 
Initiators include potassium persulfate and AIBN. 

Carbomer is widely used in dispersants and since the molecular weight has a significant impact on the rheological properties and dispersion capacity, and hence applications. 
About 1,600,000,000 kg were produced in 2008.
Carbomer is a weak anionic polyelectrolyte, whose degree of ionisation is dependent on solution pH. 
In its non-ionised form at low pHs, PAA may associate with various non-ionic polymers (such as polyethylene oxide, poly-N-vinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylamide, and some cellulose ethers) and form hydrogen-bonded interpolymer complexes. 
In aqueous solutions PAA can also form polycomplexes with oppositely charged polymers such as chitosan, surfactants, and drug molecules (for example, streptomycin).
Dry Carbomers are sold as white, fluffy powders. 
In the dry powder form, the positively charged sodium ions are bound to the polyacrylate, however in aqueous solutions the sodium ions can dissociate. 
The presence of many metal cations allows the polymer to absorb a high amount of water.

WORKING PRINCIPLE:

Carbomers are treated as thickeners and stabilizers with their high solubility in water and polar solvents. 
The hydrophilic properties of polymer materials have benefited the commercial area. 
If added to water and polar solvent, they quickly dissolve by absorbing water. 
At the same time, it causes the aggregates to recover after incorrect dissolution processes.
The hardening process here is described as follows. 

The polymer particles are in powder aggregate form. 
The outer surface of this powder aggregate prevents the wetting of the inner surface of the particle. 
In this way, the outer surface of the particle is hardened and water is prevented from reaching the inner parts.
The method of adding carbomers to water depends on the amount of dispersion to be obtained and the amount of concentration. 
The best mixing speed is 800-1200 rpm. Motor mixers to which polymers will be added must have the ability to mix by shaking.
Mixers with high shear levels should not be used. 
Carbomers also cause permanent viscosity loss when using mixers with such mixing effect. 
This situation is so important that it can reach the 50% loss level. 
Because these materials will be used with their viscosity increasing and thickening properties, they will have great disadvantages in terms of cost.

STORAGE:

Store in dry and cool places away from sunlight. Keep the packaging closed.

SYNONYM:

prop-2-enoic acid
Vinylformic acid
Acroleic acid
Propene acid
Ethylenecarboxylic acid
POLYACRYLIC ACID
Polyacrylate
Propenoate
Carbomer
Glacial acrylic acid
Acrylic acid, glacial
Kyselina akrylova