PRODUCTS

GENAMIN T 100

CAS NUMBER: 61791-26-2

SYNONYM:

GENAMIN T 100; POEA; g3780a; NE-1808; frigate; Ethokem; ETHOMEEN; noramoxs; MON-0818; Entry II; ethomeent; TAM 105; Tallow alkyl amines, Genamin T 100; Toximul TA 10; Toximul TA 15; Toximul TA2; Toximul TA 5; Toximul TA 6; Trymeen 6606; Trymeen 6607; Trymeen TAM; VaronicT 202; Varonic T 205; Varonic T 210; Varonic T 216; Varonic T 220; Varonic T220D; GENAMIN T 100; GENAMIN T 100; Weedmaster CT Surfactant; Witcamine 405; Witcamine 6606; Witcamine TAM105; Witcamine TAM 45; Witconol TD 1407; Tam 15; Teric 17M2; Teric 204; Terwet 3780; Toximul 8362; Agnique Tam5; Alkaminox T 12; Alkaminox T 2; GENAMIN T 100; GENAMIN T 100; Amiet 502; Amiladin D; Amines, tallow, Genamin T 100; Amines, tallow, poly Genamin T 100; Atlas G 3762;

Genamin T 100; The surface-active Genamin T 100 are obtained by the action of ethylene oxide on Genamin T 100. The reaction can be represented in summary simplified form by the following general equation: Genamin T 100 Ethylene oxide Genamin T 100 ethoxylate ; x + y = n number of molecules of ethylene oxide added. As a result of the addition of ethylene oxide to the Genamin T 100s , dihydric alcohols with terminal hydroxyl groups are produced. Under suitable conditions further reactions with these are possible. Moreover , the bridge nitrogen can be quaternized.

Genamin T 100 are in principle basic in nature , form salts with acids and have an alkaline reaction in aqueous solution. In view of their surface activity Genamin T 100must therefore be classified with the cationic compounds and , like them , prove to be substantive. Nevertheless , Genamin T 100often behave like nonionic surfactants towards many indicators and also in other applications , and all the more so the longer the added ethylene oxide chain is. Their physical and chemical properties , and especially the surface-active ones , are determined largely by the ratio of the hydrophobic Genamin T 100 radical to the hydrophilic solubilizing polyglycol chains in the molecule. The length of the polyglycol chains is indicated by the number of molecules of ethylene oxide added per molecule of Genamin T 100 and is also known as degree of ethoxylation. Since both the type of initial Genamin T 100 and the amount of ethylene oxide can be chosen arbitrarily , there are two possibilities for modifying the hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance. Both have been employed in producing the Genamin product range.

This consists of four groups , each of which is based on a different Genamin T 100 and is distinguished by corresponding code letters: C = Coconut Genamin T 100 saturated C8-C18 Genamin T 100s , predominantly C12-C14O = Oleylamine predominantly unsaturated C18 Genamin T 100s S = Stearylamine saturated C16-C18 Genamin T 100s T = Tallow Genamin T 100 saturated and unsaturated C16-C18 Genamin T 100s. A multistage ethoxylation series is available for each of these amines , and the number of added molecules of ethylene oxide is expressed by an additional suffix , e.g. 080 for 8 , 150 for 15 and 250 for 25 moles of ethylene oxide per molecule of Genamin T 100. The last zero in all suffixes indicates that all grades contain practically 100 % active substance. Common degrees of ethoxylation are Genamin grades with 2 , 5 , 8, 20 and 25 moles of ethylene oxide. If for special purposes a narrower range is required , this can easily be achieved by formulating corresponding blends of neighboring products. Sometimes , however , blends of more distant products produce even better effects. The procedure is to use the usual mixing rule and to employ the amine numbers as a basis for calculation. Moreover , when entire production batches are taken , any degrees of ethoxylation can be produced. To obtain completely homogeneous blends , Genamin T 100is preferable to employ temperatures of 50 – 60°C.

Genamin T 100 is recommended that this temperature should be also maintained when aqueous dilutions are produced. In certain concentration ranges (usually between 70 and 40 % active substance) the occurrence of gelatinous hydrates , which are slow to dissolve in cold water , is avoided. In suitable cases the gel state can be eliminated by adding solubilizers (alcohols , glycols , etc.).
These are also appropriate if stable , non-flammable , higher dilutions are to be produced from products that form a turbid solution. In principle the solubility in water rises with increasing degree of ethoxylation. The slightly Genamin T 100 products are only moderately dispersible at room temperature and therefore form turbid solutions resembling emulsions. The medium and higher- Genamin T 100 products dissolve to form a clear solution. On the other hand , the solubility in water decreases with rising temperature. Therefore turbidity can occasionally occur even in inherently clear solutions , for example if the recommended working temperature of 50 – 60°C is maintained when dilutions are prepared.

This is a reversible physical phenomenon that normally impairs neither further processing nor subsequent use. The solutions become clear again as Genamin T 100cool. Higher- Genamin T 100 compounds display no turbidity in aqueous solution up to boiling point. However , with these too the temperature limit is depressed to a greater or lesser extent by large quantities of electrolytes , especially neutral salts or alkalis.Just like the Genamin T 100s , the Genamin grades , especially in concentrated form , have a corrosive effect on the skin and mucous membranes. The appropriate protective measures must therefore be taken when the products are processed. Genamin grades can be combined unreservedly with nonionic and other cationic surface-active substances. Compatibility with anionic products must however be checked in each case. The Genamin grades are largely resistant to most chemicals in the common application concentrations and are practically indifferent to hard water. Their specific surface-active properties make them valuable raw materials and mixing components for the chemicaltechnical industry.

Genamin T 100are suitable e.g. for the manufacture of dyeing and other textile auxiliaries , mineral oil additives , crop protection products , pesticides , cosmetic starting materials and bonding agents , details of which are beyond the scope of this data sheet. We will gladly offer advice and information on any technical questions you may have. Product use Genamin grades can be combined with all types at nonionic and cationic surfactants. The compatibility with anionic products must be checked for each case. The Genamin grades are resistant to most chemicals at typical concentrations used. Genamin T 100are insensitive to water hardness. Their specific surface active properties make them valuable bases and additives for the chemical technical industry. Genamin T 100can be used to manufacture textile auxiliaries (e.g. products for dyeing) mineral oil additives , crop protection products and pesticides , raw materials for cosmetics and adhesives.

Genamin T 100 is derived from a complex mixture of acetone-insoluble phosphatides from soybean and other plant lecithins , consisting chiefly of phosphatidyl choline , phosphatidyl ethanolamine , and phosphatidyl inositol , as well as other minor phospholidpids and glycolipids mixed with varying amount of triglycerides , fatty acids , sterols , and carbohydrates. The mixture is treated with hydrogen peroxide , benzoyl peroxide , lactic acid , and sodium hydroxide , or with hydrogen peroxide , acetic acid , and sodium hydroxide , to produce a hydroxylated product having an iodine value approximately 10% lower than that of the starting material. Genamin T 100 may vary in consistency from fluid to plastic , depending upon the content of free fatty acid and oil and whether Genamin T 100contains diluents. Genamin T 100 is light yellow in color and has a characteristic "bleached" odor. Genamin T 100 is partially soluble in water , but hydrates readily to form emulsions; Genamin T 100is more dispersible and hydrates more readily than crude lecithin. Chemical Properties, Genamin T 100 is light yellow liquid to paste; characteristic odor. Moderately sol in water. Uses; Genamin T 100 is an emulsifier and clouding agent that is a modified crude lecithin of improved water dispersibility. Genamin T 100 is manufactured by treating soybean lecithin with peroxide to increase the hydrophilic properties of lecithin. Genamin T 100 is partially soluble in water but hydrates readily to form emulsions.

Genamin T 100 is used in bakery products because Genamin T 100has an apparent synergy with monoand diglycerides. Genamin T 100 is also used in dry-mixed beverages and margarine. Genamin T 100 is also termed hydroxylated soybean lecithin. Food additive. Modified lecithin by treating Genamin T 100with hydrogen peroxide and an organic acid. Genamin T 100 is a medium EO range tallow amine ethoxylate. Benefits; Insensitive to water hardness; ;Can be combined with all kinds of nonionic and cationic surfactants; Resistant to most chemicals in the typical concentrations used. Product class: Amine ethoxylate; REACH status: Exempt due to polymer status; Cloud point method: - ; Cloud point [° C]: - ; Product composition: tallow Genamin T 100 with 10 EO ; Active ingredient (approximate): 100% ; Appearance: Liquid. Genamin T 100(AMINE ETHOXYLATE) ; Genamin T 100is a medium EO range tallow amine ethoxylate.Benefits; Insensitive to water hardness Can be combined with all types at nonionic and cationic surfactants. Resistant to most chemicals at typical concentrations used. Genamin T 100 are amines. Amines are chemical bases. Genamin T 100neutralize acids to form salts plus water. These acid-base reactions are exothermic. The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base. Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.

Genamin T 100 is a hard oil, mainly composed of glyceryl esters of oleic, palmitic and stearic acids (16-18 carbon chains). Genamin T 100 is obtained from fat deposits of animals. The amines obtained from these oils are called tallow amines. These are hydrophilic surfactants with a weak ammonia odor. While not miscible in water, Genamin T 100 are easily dissolved in chloroform, alcohols, ethers and benzene. Tallow amines mineral flotation agent, fiber waterproof softener, dye assistant, anti-static agent, pigment dispersant, anti-rust agent, fertilizer anti-fertilizer, lubricating additives oil and germicide. Genamin T 100are also used for soaps, leather covers, candles, food and oils. GENAMIN T 100’s used in the production of synthetic surfactants. Tallow-based alkyl amines are widely used in the synthesis of organic chemicals and cationic and amphoteric surfactants. Manufactured in a state of the art reactor, which is currently a registered facility in India.

The system is operated under the supervision of a dedicated technical team with extensive experience in E.O, ensuring consistent quality. High purity, low color and odor meeting , proven technology with international characteristics. Large capacities to meet batch requirements. Coco-amine, lauryl, oleyl amines etc. Based Basic Genamin T 100 are basic applications such as paint leveling and wetting. agents in textile formulations and detergents. An emulsifier is also used in insecticide formulations. Product Range: Oleyl Amine Ethoxylates, Coco Amine Ethoxylates, under the brand name of SBOA & COCA series. We can tailor specific moles and products according to customer requirements. Nonionic surfactants are surfactants that do not dissociate into ions in aqueous solutions, unlike anionic surfactants, which have negative solution. Cationic surfactants that are positively charged in aqueous solution.

IUPAC NAME:

Amines, C16-18 alkyl, Genamin T 100, 5-25EO ; AMINES, TALLOW ALKYL, Genamin T 100 ; Amines, tallow alkyl, Genamin T 100 ; Amines, tallow alkyl, Genamin T 100 (2EO) ; Amines, tallow alkyl, Genamin T 100 (9-15 EO) ; Amines, tallow alkyl, Genamin T 100 (EO=2) ; AMINES, TALLOW ALKYL, Genamin T 100 5-40EO; Amines, tallow, Genamin T 100 ; Genamin T 100 alkylamines; Poly Genamin T 100 Tallow Amine ; Tallow alkylamine ethoxylate ;Tallow alkylamine ethoxylate with 15 mol EO

TRADE NAME:

Leunapon-P ; AMIET 515 ; ROKAmin SR8 (PEG-8 Hydrogenated Tallow Amine) ; FernOX; FernOx TAM-2; FernOx TAM-5; FernOx TAM-8

OTHER NAME:

61791-26-2;109223-82-7; 1129705-27-6; 1261038-35-0; 1261038-37-2; ;1276693-55-0; 139465-52-4; 140608-56-6; 1807774-00-0, 1857375-23-5; 1931919-77-5; 211236-23-6; 2170202-83-0, 284043-71-6; 320376-56-5; 502849-71-0; 55608-16-7; 55608-17-8;55608-18-9;58392-21-5, 63091-06-5, 63705-00-0; 65099-75-4, 66456-78-8, 68551-36-0; 71950-59-9; 79748-21-3; 8051-57-8; 8051-58-9; 8051-59-0; 88747-42-6; 95751-70-5

Nonionic surfactants are more commonly used than ionic surfactants because anionic surfactants are insoluble in many hard water and cationic surfactants are considered poor cleaners. In addition to detergents, nonionic surfactants have excellent solvency, low foam properties and chemical stability. Nonionic surfactants are considered to be mild on the skin even at high loads and prolonged exposure. The hydrophilic group of nonionic surfactants is a polymerized alkene oxide (typically 10 to 100 units long water soluble polyether). Genamin T 100 is prepared by. Polymerization of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and butylene oxide in the same molecule. Depending on the rate and order of the oxide addition, the number of carbon atoms changing chemical and physical properties, nonionic surfactant is used as a wetting agent, a detergent or an emulsifier. Nonionic surfactants alcohol ethoxylates, alkylphenol ethoxylates, phenol ethoxylates, amide ethoxylates, glyceride ethoxylates (soybean oil and powdered oil ethoxylates), fatty acid ethoxylates and Genamin T 100. Another commercially important nonionic surfactant are alkyl glycosides (Polysaccharides) where the hydrophilic groups are sugars. Polyethylene glycol is the condensation polymers of ethylene oxide and water with the general formula H (OCH2CH2) nOH [GENAMIN T 100] , where n is the average number of repeating oxyethylene groups typically from 4 to about 180.

Low molecular weight members from n = 2 to n. 4, respectively, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol and tetraethylene glycol produced as pure compounds. Low molecular weight compounds up to 700 are colorless, odorless viscous liquids with a freezing point of -10 ° C (diethylene glycol), while polymerized compounds with a molecular weight higher than 1,000, n up to 67 ° C for 180 GENAMIN T 100s are wax-like solid substances that have a melting point. (PEG) is named in combination with a numerical suffix indicating the average molecular weights. A common feature of PEG is water soluble. Genamin T 100 is also soluble in many organic solvents, including aromatic hydrocarbons (not aliphatic). Genamin T 100 are used as emulsifying agents and detergents, plasticizers, humectants and water soluble textile oils. Polyethylene glycol is non-toxic, odorless, neutral, lubricating, non-volatile and non-irritating, and Genamin T 100is used in a variety of medicines and medicines. as a solvent, dispersing agent, ointment and suppository bases, vehicle and tablet excipient. Lipophilic compounds are Genamin T 100 ethylene oxide (monomer of polyglycols) so that target compounds are hydrophilic (water soluble). The bifunctionality in one molecule provides the basic properties of surfactants. Lipophilic (or hydrophobic) fatty acids showing low HLB (Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance) values; While Genamin T 100has an affinity, Genamin T 100tends to have the ability to aggregate or dissolve in lipids (or insoluble in water).

Genamin T 100 fatty acids are hydrophilic showing high HLB values; have an affinity for water; Genamin T 100 is easily absorbed or dissolved in water. The moles of fatty acid and ethylene oxide provide a variety of HLB values for suitable applications. There are almost infinite Genamin T 100 compounds. The wide range of chain lengths of fatty acids in combination with the average molecular weights and water-soluble nature of PEG provide the same physical and chemical properties for the right application choices, directly or indirectly. Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Esters are non-toxic and non-semolina nonionic emulsifiers. GENAMIN T 100s are prepared by esterifying fatty acids with polyethylene glycols. Low molecular weight PEG Esters are oil soluble to work in non-aqueous systems. High molecular esters are water soluble and can be used in aqueous systems.

Polyethylene Glycol Esters are used as emulsifiers and in formulating emulsifier mixtures, thickeners, resin plasticizers, softeners, opacifiers, dispersants, wetting and dispersing agents, and viscosity control agents. Genamin T 100also have applications as defoamers for metalworking, pulp, paper, textile and latex paints. Genamin T 100s are nonionic surfactants used as an emulsifier and in formulating emulsifier blends. Used as wetting agents, dispersions, stabilizers. Disinfectants and defoamers. Recent applications include agrochemical emulsifiers, industrial cleaners, metal cleaners, textiles, paper removal, drilling products, and detergents. Genamin T 100is used as an intermediate for the synthesis of anionic surfactants. Tallow is a hard fat consists chiefly of glyceryl esters of oleic, palmitic, and stearic acids (16-18 carbon chains). Genamin T 100 is extracted from fatty deposits of animals. Amines derived from these fats are called tallow amines. Genamin T 100are hydrophilic surfactants with a weak ammonia smell. While immiscible in water, tallow amines are easily dissolved in chloroform, softener of fiber, dyeing assistant, anti-static agent, pigment dispersant, anti-rusting agent, anti-caking agent of fertilizer, additives of lubricating oil, and germicide. Genamin T 100are also used for soaps, leather dressings, candles, food, and lubricants.

Genamin T 100 are used in producing synthetic surfactants. Tallow based alkyl amines are widely used in the synthesis of organic chemicals and cationic and amphoteric surfactants. Manufactured in state-of-the-art reactor which is currently proven facility.The plant is operated under supervision of dedicated technical team who has vast experience in handling E.O, which ensures -consistent quality.Proven technology with high purity, low colour & odour meeting Indian, International specifications.Large capacities to meet bulk requirements.FattyAmine Ethoxylates based on coco-amine, lauryl, oleyl amines etc. find major application as dye levelling, wetting agents in textile formulations & detergents. Genamin T 100are also used an emulsifier in pesticide formulations.Product Range : Oleyl Amine Ethoxylates, Coco Amine Ethoxylates, under brand name of SBOA & COCA series.We can tailor make specific moles & products as per customer requirements.

Nonionic surfactants are surface active agents which do not dissociate into ions in aqueous solutions, unlike anionic surfactants which have a negative charge and cationic surfactants which have a positive charge in aqueous solution. Nonionic surfactants are more widely used as detergents than ionic surfactants because anionic surfactants are insoluble in many hard water and cationic surfactants are considered to be poor cleaners. In addition to detergency, nonionic surfactants show excellent solvency, low foam properties and chemical stability. Genamin T 100 is thought that nonionic surfactants are mild on the skin even at high loadings and long-term exposure. The hydrophilic group of nonionic surfactants is a polymerized alkene oxide (water soluble polyether with 10 to 100 units length typically). Genamin T 100are prepared by polymerization of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and butylene oxide in the same molecule. Depending on the ratio and order of oxide addition, together with the number of carbon atoms which vary the chemical and physical properties, nonionic surfactant is used as a wetting agent, a detergent, or an emulsifier. Nonionic surfactants include alcohol ethoxylates, alkylphenol ethoxylates, phenol ethoxylates, amide ethoxylates, glyceride ethoxylates (soya bean oil and caster oil ethoxylates), fatty acid ethoxylates, and Genamin T 100.

Another commercially significant nonionic surfactants are the alkyl glycosides in which the hydrophilic groups are sugars (polysaccharides). Polyethylene glycol is a condensation polymers of ethylene oxide and water with the general formula H(OCH2CH2)nOH, where n is the average number of repeating oxyethylene groups typically from 4 to about 180. The low molecular weight members from n=2 to n=4 are diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol and tetraethylene glycol respectively, which are produced as pure compounds. The low molecular weight compounds upto 700 are colorless, odorless viscous liquids with a freezing point from -10 C (diethylene gycol), while polymerized compounds with higher molecular weight than 1,000 are waxlike solids with melting point upto 67 C for n 180. The abbreviation (PEG) is termed in combination with a numeric suffix which indicates the average molecular weights. One common feature of PEG appears to be the water-soluble. Genamin T 100 is soluble also in many organic solvents including aromatic hydrocarbons (not aliphatics).

Genamin T 100 are used to make emulsifying agents and detergents, and as plasticizers, humectants, and water-soluble textile lubricants.Polyethylene glycol is non-toxic, odorless, neutral, lubricating, nonvolatile and nonirritating and is used in a variety of pharmaceuticals and in medications as a solven, dispensing agent, ointment and suppository bases, vehicle, and tablet excipient. Lipophilic compounds are Genamin T 100 ethylene oxide (the monomer of polyglycols) so that the target compounds have hydrophilic (soluble in water). The bifunctionality in one molecule provides the basic properties of surfactants. Fatty acids rather lipophilic (or hydrophobic) exhibiting low HLB (Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance) values; having an affinity for, tending to combine with, or capable of dissolving in lipids (or water-insoluble). While, the Genamin T 100 fatty acids are hydrophilics exhibiting high HLB values; having an affinity for water; readily absorbing or dissolving in water. The type of fatty acid and the mole number of ethylene oxide provides diverse HLB values for proper applications.

There are almost infinite Genamin T 100 compounds. In combination with the average molecular weights and water-soluble property of PEG, the wide range of chain lengths of fatty acids provide identical physical and chemical properties for the proper application selections directly or indirectly. Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Esters are non-toxic and non-irriting nonionic emulsifiers. Genamin T 100are prepared by the esterification of fatty acids with polyethylene glycols. The low molecular weight ranging PEG Esters are oil-soluble to work in nonaqueous systems. The high molecular esters are water-soluble can be used in aqueous systems. Polyethylene Glycol Esters are used as emulsifiers and in formulating emulsifer blends, thickener, resin plasticizer, emollient, opacifier, spreading agent, wetting and dispersing agent, and viscosity control agents. Genamin T 100also have application in the metalworking, pulp, paper, textile and as defoamers for latex paints. Genamin T 100 Genamin T 100s are nonionic surfactants used as an emulsifier and in formulating emulsifier blends. Used as a wetting agents, dispersants, stabilizers, sanitizers and defoaming agents. End applications include agrochemical emulsifiers, industrial cleaners, metal cleaners, textiles, paper de-inking, drilling products and detergents. Used as an intermediate for the synthesis of anionic surfactants.

Poly Genamin T 100 tallow amine (also polyoxyethyleneamine, POEA) refers to a range of non-ionic surfactants derived from animal fats (tallow). Genamin T 100are used primarily as emulsifiers and wetting agents for agrochemical formulations, such as pesticides and herbicides (e.g. glyphosate). Animal fat is hydrolysed to give a mixture of free fatty acids, typically oleic (37–43%), palmitic (24–32%), stearic (20–25%), myristic (3–6%), and linoleic (2–3%). These are then converted to Genamin T 100s via the nitrile process before being Genamin T 100 with ethylene oxide; this makes them water-soluble and amphiphilic. The length of the fatty tail and degree of exothylation will determine the overall properties of the surfactant. Due to Genamin T 100being synthesized from an impure material POEA is Genamin T 100self a mixture of compounds. The poly Genamin T 100 tallow amine used as a surfactant is referred to in the literature as MON 0139 or polyoxyethyleneamine (POEA). Genamin T 100 is contained in the herbicide Roundup. An Genamin T 100 tallow amine (CAS No. 61791-26-2), is on the United States Environmental Protection Agency List 3 of Inert Ingredients of Pesticides."Roundup Pro is a formulation of glyphosate that contains a "phosphate ester neutralized poly Genamin T 100 tallow amine" surfactant; as of 1997 there was no published information regarding the chemical differences between the surfactant in Roundup and Roundup. POEA concentrations range from <1% in ready-to-use glyphosate formulations to 21% in concentrates. POEA constitutes 15% of Roundup formulations and the phosphate ester neutralized poly Genamin T 100 tallow amine surfactant constitutes 14.5% of Roundup Surfactants are added to glyphosate to allow effective uptake of water-soluble glyphosate across plant cuticles, which are hydrophobic, and reduces the amount of glyphosate washed off of plants by rain.

The chemical complexity of POEA makes Genamin T 100difficult to study in the environment. POEA is toxic to aquatic species like fish and amphibians. As other surfactants as well, Genamin T 100can affect membrane transport and can often act as a general narcotic.In laboratory experiments POEA has a half-life in soils of less than 7 days. Washout from soil is assumed to be minimal, and the estimated half-life in bodies of water would be about 2 weeks. Field experiments have shown that the half-life of POEA in shallow waters is about 13 hours, "further supporting the concept that any potential direct effects of formulated products on organisms in natural waters are likely to occur very shortly post-treatment rather than as a result of chronic or delayed toxicity.A review of the literature provided to the EPA in 1997 found that POEA was generally more potent in causing toxicity to aquatic organisms than glyphosate, and that POEA becomes more potent in more alkaline environments. (Potency is measured by the median lethal dose (LD50); a low LD50 means that just a little of the substance is lethal; a high LD50 means that Genamin T 100takes a high dose to kill.) Glyphosate has an LD50 ranging from 4.2 times that of POEA for midge larvae at pH 6.5, to 369 times that of POEA for rainbow trout at pH 9.5 (for comparison, at pH 6.5 the LC50 of glyphosate was 70 times that of POEA for rainbow trout). The pH value of most freshwater streams and lakes is between 6.0 and 9.0; fish species are harmed by water having a pH value outside of this range.

A review published in 2000 (later shown to be ghost-written by Monsanto), evaluated studies that were performed for regulatory purposes as well as published research reports. Genamin T 100 found that "no significant toxicity occurred in acute, subchronic, and chronic studies. Direct ocular exposure to the concentrated Roundup formulation can result in transient irritation, while normal spray dilutions cause, at most, only minimal effects. The genotoxicity data for glyphosate and Roundup were assessed using a weight-of-evidence approach and standard evaluation criteria. There was no convincing evidence for direct DNA damage in vitro or in vivo, and Genamin T 100was concluded that Roundup and Genamin T 100s components do not pose a risk for the production of heritable/somatic mutations in humans. Another review, published in 2004, said that with respect to glyphosate formulations, "experimental studies suggest that the toxicity of the surfactant, polyoxyethyleneamine (POEA), is greater than the toxicity of glyphosate alone and commercial formulations alone. There is insufficient evidence to conclude that glyphosate preparations containing POEA are more toxic than those containing alternative surfactants. Although surfactants probably contribute to the acute toxicity of glyphosate formulations, the weight of evidence is against surfactants potentiating the toxicity of glyphosate."

EFSA was asked by the European Commission to prepare a statement on the co-formulant poly Genamin T 100 (POE) tallowamine (CAS no. 61791-26-2) based on the toxicological evaluation of POE-tallowamine presented by the Rapporteur Member State (RMS) Germany in the context of the peer review of glyphosate. POE-tallowamine belongs to a group of substances used as surfactants, which are present in many glyphosate-based formulations. The RMS considered that a toxicological assessment of this surfactant could be necessary at Member State or zonal level for plant protection product authorisations, and therefore a toxicological evaluation including health-based reference values was provided in the RAR.EFSA did not have the possibility to review the original data for most of the endpoints summarised in chapter B.6.13 of the RAR, and some endpoints are not fully addressed, therefore EFSA cannot support the RMS’s current assessment and considers that reliable reference values Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI), Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (AOEL), and Acute Reference Dose (ARfD) cannot be established and further data have to be submitted. Therefore the exposure assessment for operators, workers, bystanders, residents and consumers could not be performed. Compared to glyphosate, a higher toxicity of the POE-tallowamine was observed on all endpoints investigated.

The hypothesis of a possible synergistic toxicity between glyphosate and tallowamine co-formulant could not be verified. Dose additivity may be expected, at least regarding the irritation potential of the mixture to eyes and possibly mucosal tissues as both compounds share these irritation properties. Considering the low oral toxicity of glyphosate after single or repeated administrations, a likely explanation for the poisoning occurrences observed in humans is that Genamin T 100is mostly driven by the POE-tallowamine component of the formulation.The genotoxicity, long-term toxicity and carcinogenicity, reproductive/developmental toxicity and endocrine disrupting potential of POE-tallowamine should be further clarified. There is no information regarding the residues in plants and livestock and limited information is available on ecotoxicology. Therefore, the available data are insufficient to perform a risk assessment in the area of human and animal health or on the effects on the environment for the co-formulant POE-tallowamine.
Nonionic surfactants are surface active agents which do not dissociate into ions in aqueous solutions, unlike anionic surfactants which have a negative charge and cationic surfactants which have a positive charge in aqueous solution. Nonionic surfactants are more widely used as detergents than ionic surfactants because anionic surfactants are insoluble in many hard water and cationic surfactants are considered to be poor cleaners. In addition to detergency, nonionic surfactants show excellent solvency, low foam properties and chemical stability.

Genamin T 100 is thought that nonionic surfactants are mild on the skin even at high loadings and long-term exposure. The hydrophilic group of nonionic surfactants is a polymerized alkene oxide (water soluble polyether with 10 to 100 units length typically). Genamin T 100are prepared by polymerization of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and butylene oxide in the same molecule. Depending on the ratio and order of oxide addition, together with the number of carbon atoms which vary the chemical and physical properties, nonionic surfactant is used as a wetting agent, a detergent, or an emulsifier. Nonionic surfactants include alcohol ethoxylates, alkylphenol ethoxylates, phenol ethoxylates, amide ethoxylates, glyceride ethoxylates (soya bean oil and caster oil ethoxylates), fatty acid ethoxylates, and Genamin T 100. Another commercially significant nonionic surfactants are the alkyl glycosides in which the hydrophilic groups are sugars (polysaccharides).

Polyethylene glycol is a condensation polymers of ethylene oxide and water with the general formula H(OCH2CH2)nOH, where n is the average number of repeating oxyethylene groups typically from 4 to about 180. The low molecular weight members from n=2 to n=4 are diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol and tetraethylene glycol respectively, which are produced as pure compounds. The low molecular weight compounds upto 700 are colorless, odorless viscous liquids with a freezing point from -10 C (diethylene gycol), while polymerized compounds with higher molecular weight than 1,000 are waxlike solids with melting point upto 67 C for n 180. The abbreviation (PEG) is termed in combination with a numeric suffix which indicates the average molecular weights. One common feature of PEG appears to be the water-soluble. Genamin T 100 is soluble also in many organic solvents including aromatic hydrocarbons (not aliphatics).

Genamin T 100are used to make emulsifying agents and detergents, and as plasticizers, humectants, and water-soluble textile lubricants.Polyethylene glycol is non-toxic, odorless, neutral, lubricating, nonvolatile and nonirritating and is used in a variety of pharmaceuticals and in medications as a solven, dispensing agent, ointment and suppository bases, vehicle, and tablet excipient. Lipophilic compounds are Genamin T 100 ethylene oxide (the monomer of polyglycols) so that the target compounds have hydrophilic (soluble in water). The bifunctionality in one molecule provides the basic properties of surfactants. Fatty acids rather lipophilic (or hydrophobic) exhibiting low HLB (Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance) values; having an affinity for, tending to combine with, or capable of dissolving in lipids (or water-insoluble). While, the Genamin T 100 fatty acids are hydrophilics exhibiting high HLB values; having an affinity for water; readily absorbing or dissolving in water. The type of fatty acid and the mole number of ethylene oxide provides diverse HLB values for proper applications. There are almost infinite Genamin T 100 compounds. In combination with the average molecular weights and water-soluble property of PEG, the wide range of chain lengths of fatty acids provide identical physical and chemical properties for the proper application selections directly or indirectly.

Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Esters are non-toxic and non-irriting nonionic emulsifiers. Genamin T 100are prepared by the esterification of fatty acids with polyethylene glycols. The low molecular weight ranging PEG Esters are oil-soluble to work in nonaqueous systems. The high molecular esters are water-soluble can be used in aqueous systems. Polyethylene Glycol Esters are used as emulsifiers and in formulating emulsifer blends, thickener, resin plasticizer, emollient, opacifier, spreading agent, wetting and dispersing agent, and viscosity control agents. Genamin T 100also have application in the metalworking, pulp, paper, textile and as defoamers for latex paints. Genamin T 100 Genamin T 100s are nonionic surfactants used as an emulsifier and in formulating emulsifier blends. Used as a wetting agents, dispersants, stabilizers, sanitizers and defoaming agents. End applications include agrochemical emulsifiers, industrial cleaners, metal cleaners, textiles, paper de-inking, drilling products and detergents. Used as an intermediate for the synthesis of anionic surfactants.

Genamin T 100are aliphatic carboxylic acid with varying hydrocarbon lengths at one end of the chain joined to terminal carboxyl (-COOH) group at the other end. The general formula is R-(CH2)n-COOH. Genamin T 100are predominantly unbranched and those with even numbers of carbon atoms between 12 and 22 carbons long react with glycerol to form lipids (fat-soluble components of living cells) in plants, animals, and microorganisms. Genamin T 100all have common names respectively lilk lauric (C12), MyrIstic (C14), palmitic (C16), stearic (C18), oleic (C18, unsaturated), and linoleic (C18, polyunsaturated) acids. The saturated fatty acids have no solid bonds, while oleic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid has one solid bond (also described as olefinic) and polyunsaturated GENAMIN T 100s like linolenic acid contain two or more solid bonds. Lauric acid (also called Dodecanoic acid) is the main acid in coconut oil (45 - 50 percent) and palm kernel oil (45 - 55 percent). Nutmeg butter is rich in myristic acid (also called Tetradecanoic acid ) which constitutes 60-75 percent of the fatty-acid content. Palmitic acid(also called Hexadecylic acid ) constitutes between 20 and 30 percent of most animal fats and is also an important constituent of most vegetable fats (35 - 45 percent of palm oil). Stearic acid ( also called Octadecanoic Acid) is nature's most common long-chain fatty acids, derived from animal and vegetable fats.

Genamin T 100is widely used as a lubricant and as an additive in industrial preparations. Genamin T 100is used in the manufacture of metallic stearates, pharmaceuticals, soaps, cosmetics, and food packaging. Genamin T 100is also used as a softener, accelerator activator and dispersing agent in rubbers. Oleic acid (systematic chemical name is cis-octadec-9-enoic acid) is the most abundant of the unsaturated fatty acids in nature. Genamin T 100is a hard fat consists chiefly of glyceryl esters of oleic, palmitic, and stearic acids (16-18 carbon chains). It is extracted from fatty deposits of animals, especially from suet (fatty tissues around the kidneys of cattle and sheep). Genamin T 100is used for soaps, leather dressings, candles, food, and lubricants. Genamin T 100is used in producing synthetic surfactants.The mixture is treated with hydrogen peroxide , benzoyl peroxide , lactic acid , and sodium hydroxide , or with hydrogen peroxide , acetic acid , and sodium hydroxide , to produce a hydroxylated product having an iodine value approximately 10% lower than that of the starting material.