Quick Search
Hexane is an organic compound, a straight-chain alkane with six carbon atoms and has the molecular formula C6H14.
Hexane is a nonpolar molecule with a weak intermolecular interactions occur between the molecules of pure liquid hydrocarbons.
Hexane is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)4CH3.
CAS Number: 110-54-3
EC Number: 203-777-6
Chemical Formula: C6H14
Molar Mass: 86.178 g·mol−1
Hexane is a colorless liquid, odorless when pure, and with boiling points approximately 69 °C (156 °F).
Hexane is widely used as a cheap, relatively safe, largely unreactive, and easily evaporated non-polar solvent, and modern gasoline blends contain about 3% hexane.
The term hexanes refers to a mixture, composed largely (>60%) of hexane, with varying amounts of the isomeric compounds 2-methylpentane and 3-methylpentane, and, possibly, smaller amounts of nonisomeric C5, C6, and C7 (cyclo)alkanes.
These hexanes are cheaper than pure hexane and are often used in large-scale operations not requiring a single isomer (e.g., as cleaning solvent or for chromatography).
Hexane is a nonpolar molecule with a weak intermolecular interactions occur between the molecules of pure liquid hydrocarbons.
Hexane is a highly volatile, flammable toxic chemical which is a by-product made from crude oil.
Hexane isomers are to a great extent lifeless, and are every now and again utilized as an organic solvent since they are very non-polar
Hexane is a straight chain hydrocarbon with 6 carbon atoms.
Hexane is one of the important ingredients of petroleum.
Hexane is widely used in industry as an apolar solvent because Hexane is affordable, evaporates easily, generally does not tend to react like most alkanes, and is relatively safe.
Industrially sold hexane is usually a mixture of about 65% hexane and isomers of hexane.
The reason for this is that Hexane increases the cost of hexane purification and that such a purity is generally not needed in areas where hexane is used.
Hexane (/ˈhɛkseɪn/) is an organic compound, a straight-chain alkane with six carbon atoms and has the molecular formula C6H14.
Hexane is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)4CH3.
The "hex" prefix refers to Hexane six carbons, while the "ane" ending indicates that Hexane carbons are connected by single bonds.
Hexane isomers are largely unreactive, and are frequently used as an inert solvent in organic reactions because they are very non-polar.
They are also common constituents of gasoline and glues used for shoes, leather products and roofing.
Additionally, Hexane is used in solvents to extract oils for cooking and as a cleansing agent for shoe, furniture and textile manufacturing.
Hexane is a chemical made from crude oil.
Pure Hexane is a colorless liquid with a slightly disagreeable odor.
Hexane is highly flammable, and Hexane vapors can be explosive.
Pure Hexane is used in laboratories.
Most of theHexane used in industry is mixed with similar chemicals called solvents.
The major use for solvents containing Hexane is to extract vegetable oils from crops such as soybeans.
These solvents are also used as cleaning agents in the printing, textile, furniture, and shoemaking industries.
Certain kinds of special glues used in the roofing and shoe and leather industries also contain Hexane.
Several consumer products containHexane, such as gasoline, quick-drying glues used in various hobbies, and rubber cement.
Hexane is a clear colorless liquids with a petroleum-like odor.
Hexane is flash points -9 °F.
Hexane is less dense than water and insoluble in water.
Hexane is used as a solvent, paint thinner, and chemical reaction medium.
Hexane is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.
Hexane is used by consumers, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Hexane (CAS 110-54-3) is an organic solvent that is classified as a straight-chain neutral aliphatic hydrocarbon.
Hexane is a colorless and volatile petroleum distillate that is relatively insoluble in water, and Hexane is present as a minor component of gasoline.
Because of Hexane low water solubility and volatility, Hexane would have a propensity to migrate to the atmosphere following an environmental release and would not pose a hazard to the food web.
Human exposure may occur by dermal contact or inhalation.
The mechanism of acute toxicity is nonspecific narcosis (similar to volatile anesthetic compounds).
Hexane had widely been used as a universal solvent until Hexane was discovered that chronic exposure causes delayed distal polyneuropathy.
This key adverse effect is caused by the Hexane metabolite, 2,5-hexanedione.
Hexane is not mutagenic and carcinogenic.
Clinical management following exposure would consist of moving the victim away from the source and into fresh air (e.g., outdoors).
Regulatory standards are available for occupational exposure to Hexane.
The ecotoxicity of Hexane is relatively low.
Hexane is an alkane of six carbon atoms, with the chemical formula C6H14.
The term may refer to any of the five structural isomers with that formula, or to a mixture of them.
In IUPAC nomenclature hexane is the unbranched isomer (Hexane), the other four structures are named as methylated derivates of pentane and butane.
Hexanes are significant constituents of gasoline.
They are all colorless liquids at room temperature, odorless when pure, with boiling points between 50 °C and 70 °C.
They are widely used as cheap, relative safe, largely unreactive and easily evaporated non-polar solvents.
Hexane is an organic compound, a straight-chain alkane with six carbon atoms with the molecular formula C6H14.
Hexane is an odorless and colorless liquid, when pure, and Hexane has a boiling point of approximately 69 °C (156 °F).
Hexane can be used widely as a relatively safe, largely unreactive, cheap, and easily evaporated non-polar solvent.
Hexane is a significant gasoline constituent.
At times, Hexane refers to a mixture, which is composed largely (> 60%) of hexane, with differential amounts of the isomeric compounds: 2-methyl pentane, 3-methyl pentane, and, possibly, the smaller amounts of non-isomeric C5, C6, C7 alkanes (cyclo).
Hexane is one of the cheaper compounds and is often used in large-scale operations without requiring a single isomer (a cleaning solvent or for chromatography, as an example).
The other names of hexane can be given as 1-Hexanol, Amyl Carbinol, 1-Hydroxyhexane, and Hexyl alcohol.
Hexane is a chemical extracted, and further quantities synthesised, from crude oil.
Hexane is used in laboratories, primarily when Hexane is mixed with similar chemicals to produce solvents.
Common names for these solvents are commercial hexane, mixed hexanes, petroleum ether, and petroleum naphtha.
The major use for solvents containing Hexane is to extract vegetable oils from crops such as soybeans, flax, peanuts, and safflower seed.
They are also used as cleaning agents in the textile, furniture, shoemaking, and printing industries, particularly rotogravure printing.
Hexane is also an ingredient of special glues that are used in the roofing, shoe, and leather industries.
Hexane is used in binding books, working leather, shaping pills and tablets, canning, manufacturing tires, and making baseballs.
Applications of Hexane:
Like all alkanes (paraffins, saturated hydrocarbons), Hexane is a very good solvent for non-polar substances, fats and oils.
Hexane is used on a large scale for the extraction of oils and fats from nuts, seeds and fruits.
Hexane is also widely used for the extraction and work-up of natural products from plant components.
For many air-sensitive organometallic compounds and catalysts such as butyllithium and tert-butyllithium, Hexane is an important solvent.
Butyllithium and related molecules are extremely strong bases and are used in the synthesis of fine chemicals.
Some polymers and elastomers are produced in Hexane as a solvent.
This makes use of the properties that Hexane is still liquid even at very low temperatures, dissolves the monomers, but the polymer can be easily precipitated and separated from the solution.
In addition, Hexane is chemically inert, so Hexane does not participate in the reaction process.
Today, polyethylene is still partly produced in the so-called slurry process with Hexane as solvent.
Butyl rubber (IIP, isobutene-isoprene rubber, also outdated PIBI) and polybutadiene rubber (BR) are produced by anionic chain polymerization at very low temperature and with butyllithium as starter.
Uses of Hexane:
Hexane is a colorless liquid with a Gasoline-like odor.
The commercial product is a mixture of Hexanes and small amounts of other chemicals.
Hexane is used in laboratories and as a solvent to remove vegetable oils from crops.
Hexane is also found in Gasoline and rubber cement.
The main use of hexane is as a solvent to extract edible oils from seed and vegetable crops (e.g., soybeans, peanuts, corn).
Commercial grades of hexane are used as solvents for glues (rubber cement, adhesives), varnishes, and inks.
Hexane is also used as a cleaning agent (degreaser) in the printing industry.
Hexane is used as the liquid in low temperature thermometers.
In industry, hexanes are used in the formulation of glues for shoes, leather products, and roofing.
They are also used to extract cooking oils (such as canola oil or soy oil) from seeds, for cleansing and degreasing a variety of items, and in textile manufacturing.
They are commonly used in food based soybean oil extraction in the United States, and are potentially present as contaminants in all soy food products in which the technique is used.
The lack of regulation by the FDA of this contaminant is a matter of some controversy.
A typical laboratory use of hexanes is to extract oil and grease contaminants from water and soil for analysis.
Since hexane cannot be easily deprotonated, Hexane is used in the laboratory for reactions that involve very strong bases, such as the preparation of organolithiums.
For example, butyllithiums are typically supplied as a hexane solution.
Hexanes are commonly used in chromatography as a non-polar solvent.
Higher alkanes present as impurities in hexanes have similar retention times as the solvent, meaning that fractions containing hexane will also contain these impurities.
In preparative chromatography, concentration of a large volume of hexanes can result in a sample that is appreciably contaminated by alkanes.
This may result in a solid compound being obtained as an oil and the alkanes may interfere with analysis.
Hexane is used as a solvent, especially in the adhesive and shoe industries; abused by glue sniffers for Hexane euphoric effects.
Hexane is used in shoe and furniture manufacture to dissolve glue; also used in adhesive tape manufacturing.
Fuels made from petroleum contain Hexane.
Modern blends of US gasoline contain about 3% Hexane.
Hexane is used as a solvent for vegetable oils, polymers, and paints.
Hexane is used as a degreaser by vehicle repair technicians in a commercially available aerosol containing toluene, acetone, and hexane (50% Hexane).
Hexane is used for determining refractive index of minerals, filling for thermometers (instead of mercury), for calibrations, as reaction medium for polymerizations and pharmaceutical manufacture, alcohol denaturant, as cleaning agent in textile, furniture, and leather industries, and as laboratory reagent.
Hexane is used for the extraction of vegetable oils (e.g., from soybeans), as a solvent in chemical reactions (e.g., for coordination complex catalyzed polymerization of olefins) and in adhesive formulations.
Pure Hexane is used in laboratories.
Most of the Hexane used in industry is mixed with similar chemicals called solvents.
The major use for solvents containing Hexane is to extract vegetable oils from crops such as soybeans.
These solvents are also used as cleaning agents in the printing, textile, furniture, and shoemaking industries.
Certain kinds of special glues used in the roofing and shoe and leather industries also contain Hexane.
Several consumer products contain Hexane, such as gasoline, quick-drying glues used in various hobbies, and rubber cement.
Widespread uses by professional workers:
Hexane is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products and laboratory chemicals.
Hexane is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.
Other release to the environment of Hexane is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).
Uses at industrial sites:
Hexane is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products and laboratory chemicals.
Hexane is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
Hexane is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Hexane can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, of substances in closed systems with minimal release, in the production of articles, as processing aid, formulation of mixtures, formulation in materials and manufacturing of Hexane.
Other release to the environment of Hexane is likely to occur from: outdoor use as processing aid.
Industry Uses:
Anti-adhesive/cohesive
Fuel
Fuels and fuel additives
Intermediate
Intermediates
Laboratory chemicals
Lubricating agent
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
Other (specify)
Processing aids, not otherwise listed
Processing aids, specific to petroleum production
Solvent
Solvents (which become part of product formulation or mixture)
Consumer Uses:
Hexane is used in the following products: polishes and waxes, adhesives and sealants, anti-freeze products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, finger paints, non-metal-surface treatment products, inks and toners, leather treatment products, lubricants and greases, perfumes and fragrances, textile treatment products and dyes and cosmetics and personal care products.
Other release to the environment of Hexane is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use as processing aid.
Other Consumer Uses:
Anti-adhesive/cohesive
Cleaning agent
Fuel
Fuels and fuel additives
Intermediates
Laboratory chemicals
Lubricating agent
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
Processing aids, not otherwise listed
Processing aids, specific to petroleum production
Propellants, non-motive (blowing agents)
Solvent
Solvents (which become part of product formulation or mixture)
Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:
Textiles (Fiber & Fabric Manufacturing)
Painting (Solvents)
Working with Glues and Adhesives
Leather Tanning and Processing
Activities with risk of exposure:
Leather crafting
Painting
Sculpturing plastics
Usage Areas of Hexane:
Hexane is a chemical used in many different areas industrially.
Hexane is mostly used as a solvent in paints and paint thinners.
Hexane is used in plastic, gum, resin, mineral oil, rubber industry, as well as in ink production and disinfectant manufacturing.
Adhesives used in shoe manufacturing also often contain hexane.
Hexane is also used as an extraction agent to obtain oils from some plants.
Today, many vegetable oils, especially soybean oil, are extracted using hexane and often remain in trace amounts as a contaminant in the final product.
Since Hexane is a very good degreaser, Hexane was used in the past to clean fabrics from oils in textiles, but today Hexane use in textiles is prohibited.
However, hexanes serve as an apolar volatile solvent in some laboratory techniques such as chromatography.
Isomers of Hexane:
Hexane has five isomers:
Hexane, CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3, a straight chain of six carbon atoms.
2-Methylpentane (Isohexane), CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3, a five-carbon chain with one methyl branch on the second.
3-Methylpentane, CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3, a five-carbon chain with one methyl branch on the third.
2,3-Dimethylbutane, CH3CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH3, a four-carbon chain with one methyl branch on the second and third.
2,2-Dimethylbutane, CH3C(CH3)2CH2CH3, a four-carbon chain with two methyl branches on the second.
Production of Hexane:
Hexanes are chiefly obtained by refining crude oil.
The exact composition of the fraction depends largely on the source of the oil (crude or reformed) and the constraints of the refining.
Hexane (usually around 50% by weight of the straight-chain isomer) is the fraction boiling at 65–70 °C (149–158 °F).
Hexanes are obtained chiefly by crude oil refining.
This fraction's exact composition largely depends on the oil source (reformed or crude) and the refining constraints.
The industrial product (in general, around 50% by straight-chain isomer weight) is given as the fraction boiling at 65-70 °C (149-158 °F).
Manufacturing Methods of Hexane:
Hexane can be isolated from suitable sources (e.g., light gasoline or BTX /benzene, toluene, and xylene/ raffinates) by superfractionation, or by molecular sieve separation.
General Manufacturing Information of Hexane:
Industry Processing Sectors:
Adhesive Manufacturing
All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing
All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing
Food, beverage, and tobacco product manufacturing
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
Oil and Gas Drilling, Extraction, and Support activities
Other (requires additional information)
Petrochemical Manufacturing
Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Manufacturing
Petroleum Refineries
Printing and Related Support Activities
Services
Synthetic Rubber Manufacturing
Wholesale and Retail Trade
Properties
Physical Properties:
All alkanes are colorless.
The boiling points of the various hexanes are somewhat similar and as for other alkanes, are generally lower for the more branched forms.
The melting points are quite different and the trend is not apparent.
The chemical formula for hexane is C6H14, and Hexane molecular weight is 86.17 g/mol.
Hexane is a colorless volatile liquid that is insoluble in water and highly flammable.
The odor threshold for hexane is 130 parts per million (ppm), with a faint peculiar odor reported.
The vapor pressure for hexane is 150 mm Hg at 25 °C.
Chemical Properties:
Hexane is highly flammable, and Hexane vapours can be explosive.
Heat, sparks, and flames may ignite Hexane.
Flammable vapour may spread away from a spill.
Hexane can react vigorously with oxidising materials such as liquid chlorine, concentrated oxygen, and sodium and calcium hypochlorite.
Hexane will attack some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings.
Hexane is incompatible with strong oxidisers.
Hexane compound undergoes a combustion reaction readily to produce water and carbon dioxide molecules.
The chemical reaction is given below:
2C6H14 + 19O2 → 12CO2 + 14H2O
Hexane, being the higher hydrocarbon, undergoes thermal cracking produces more than one hydrocarbon.
C6H14 (by thermal cracking) → C4H10 (called butane) + C2H4 (called ethene)
Hexane Structure - C6H14
The structure of Hexane can be represented as follows.
Reactivity of Hexane:
Like most alkanes, hexane characteristically exhibits low reactivity and are suitable solvents for reactive compounds.
Commercial samples of Hexane however often contains methylcyclopentane, which features tertiary C-H bonds, which are incompatible with some radical reactions.
Hexane may be sensitive to light.
Hexane may also be sensitive to prolonged exposure to heat.
Hexane can react vigorously with oxidizing materials.
This would include compounds such as liquid chlorine, concentrated O2, sodium hypochlorite and calcium hypochlorite.
Hexane is also incompatible with dinitrogen tetraoxide.
Hexane will attack some forms of plastics, rubber and coatings.
Handling and Storage of Hexane:
Nonfire Spill Response:
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.
All equipment used when handling Hexane must be grounded.
Do not touch or walk through spilled material.
Stop leak if you can do Hexane without risk.
Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.
A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.
Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.
Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.
LARGE SPILL:
Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.
Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.
Storage Conditions:
Drums should be stored in a well-ventilated area in fire-resistant containers.
Metal containers should be electrically-grounded, when liquid is being transferred.
Safety of Hexane:
Inhalation of Hexane at 5000 ppm for 10 minutes produces marked vertigo; 2500-1000 ppm for 12 hours produces drowsiness, fatigue, loss of appetite, and paresthesia in the distal extremities; 2500–5000 ppm produces muscle weakness, cold pulsation in the extremities, blurred vision, headache and anorexia.
Chronic occupational exposure to elevated levels of Hexane has been demonstrated to be associated with peripheral neuropathy in auto mechanics in the US, and neurotoxicity in workers in printing presses, and shoe and furniture factories in Asia, Europe, and North America.
The US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has set a recommended exposure limit (REL) for hexane isomers (not Hexane) of 100 ppm (350 mg/m3 (0.15 gr/cu ft)) over an 8-hour workday.
However, for Hexane, the current NIOSH REL is 50 ppm (180 mg/m3 (0.079 gr/cu ft)) over an 8-hour workday.
This limit was proposed as a permissible exposure limit (PEL) by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration in 1989; however, this PEL was overruled in US courts in 1992.
The current Hexane PEL in the US is 500 ppm (1,800 mg/m3 (0.79 gr/cu ft)).
Hexane and other volatile hydrocarbons (petroleum ether) present an aspiration risk.
Hexane is sometimes used as a denaturant for alcohol, and as a cleaning agent in the textile, furniture, and leather industries.
Hexane is slowly being replaced with other solvents.
Like gasoline, hexane is highly volatile and is an explosion risk.
Ignition of hexane vapors which had been illegally discharged in the sewers of Louisville (Kentucky) from a soybean processing plant owned by Ralston-Purina caused a series of explosions which destroyed over 21 km of sewer lines and streets in that city.
Incidents:
Occupational hexane poisoning has occurred with Japanese sandal workers, Italian shoe workers, Taiwan press proofing workers, and others.
Analysis of Taiwanese workers has shown occupational exposure to substances including Hexane.
In 2010–2011, Chinese workers manufacturing iPhones were reported to have suffered hexane poisoning.
Hexane was identified as being the cause of the Louisville sewer explosions on 13 February 1981, that destroyed more than 13 miles (21 km) of sewer lines and streets in the center of Louisville in Kentucky, United States and Hexane was attributed as the cause of an explosion that occurred in the National University of Río Cuarto, Argentina on 5 December 2007, due to a hexane spill near a heat-producing machine that exploded and produced a fire that killed one student and injured 24 more.
Biotransformation:
Hexane is biotransformed to 2-hexanol and further to 2,5-hexanediol in the body. The conversion is catalyzed by the enzyme cytochrome P450 utilizing oxygen from air.
2,5-Hexanediol may be further oxidized to 2,5-hexanedione, which is neurotoxic and produces a polyneuropathy.
In view of this behavior, replacement of Hexane as a solvent has been discussed.
n-Heptane is a possible alternative.
First Aid Measures of Hexane:
EYES:
First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.
Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.
Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.
SKIN:
IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.
Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.
If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.
INHALATION:
IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.
If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital.
Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.
Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used.
If not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.
INGESTION:
DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.
Volatile chemicals have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical problems.
If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.
If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body.
DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.
Fire Fighting of Hexane:
The majority of these products have a very low flash point.
Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.
For mixtures containing alcohol or polar solvent, alcohol-resistant foam may be more effective.
SMALL FIRE:
Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or regular foam.
LARGE FIRE:
Water spray, fog or regular foam.
Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto Hexane.
If Hexane can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.
FIRE INVOLVING TANKS OR CAR/TRAILER LOADS:
Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.
Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
For petroleum crude oil, do not spray water directly into a breached tank car.
This can lead to a dangerous boil over.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.
For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.
If this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.
Fire Fighting Procedures:
Keep people away.
Shut off ignition sources and call fire department.
Stay upwind and use water spray to "knock down" vapor.
Isolate and remove discharged material.
Notify local health and pollution control agencies.
If material on fire or involved in fire:
Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped or safely confined.
Use water in flooding quantities as fog.
Solid streams of water may spread fire.
Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.
Apply water from as far a distance as possible.
Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.
To fight fire, use carbon dioxide, dry chemical.
Flashback along a vapor trail may occur, since the vapor is heavier than air.
Fire extinguishers containing carbon dioxide, dry chemical, or foam are recommended.
Water sprays should not be used, since these may cause the fire to spread, though a water spray can be used to cool containers.
Accidental Release Measures of Hexane:
IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE:
Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.
LARGE SPILL:
Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).
FIRE:
If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.
Spillage Disposal of Hexane:
Consult an expert! Personal protection:
Filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of Hexane.
Remove all ignition sources.
Do NOT wash away into sewer.
Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment.
Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible.
Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent.
Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
Cleanup Methods of Hexane:
In the event of spillage, naked flames, sparks, and heat should be avoided; approved, efficient, protective clothing and respirators should be provided.
Small-scale spillage should be absorbed on paper towels or sawdust; sand or earth can be used for larger spills.
Fire-fighting foam can be used in large spillages to reduce evaporation.
If possible, liquid spills should be recovered for recycling.
Identifiers of Hexane:
CAS Number: 110-54-3
Beilstein Reference: 1730733
ChEBI: CHEBI:29021
ChEMBL: ChEMBL15939
ChemSpider: 7767
DrugBank: DB02764
ECHA InfoCard: 100.003.435
EC Number: 203-777-6
Gmelin Reference: 1985
KEGG: C11271
MeSH: n-hexane
PubChem CID: 8058
RTECS number: MN9275000
UNII: 2DDG612ED8
UN number: 1208
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID0021917
InChI: InChI=1S/C6H14/c1-3-5-6-4-2/h3-6H2,1-2H3
Key: VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: CCCCCC
CAS number: 110-54-3
EC index number: 601-037-00-0
EC number: 203-777-6
Hill Formula: C₆H₁₄
Chemical formula: CH₃(CH₂)₄CH₃
Molar Mass: 86.18 g/mol
HS Code: 2901 10 00
Synonyms: n-Hexane, Hexane
Linear Formula: CH3(CH2)4CH3
CAS Number: 110-54-3
Molecular Weight: 86.18
EC Number: 203-777-6
EC / List no.: 203-777-6
CAS no.: 110-54-3
Mol. formula: C6H14
Typical Properties of Hexane:
Chemical formula: C6H14
Molar mass: 86.178 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Odor: Petrolic
Density: 0.6606 g mL−1
Melting point: −96 to −94 °C; −141 to −137 °F; 177 to 179 K
Boiling point: 68.5 to 69.1 °C; 155.2 to 156.3 °F; 341.6 to 342.2 K
Solubility in water: 9.5 mg L−1
log P: 3.764
Vapor pressure: 17.60 kPa (at 20.0 °C)
Henry's law
constant (kH): 7.6 nmol Pa−1 kg−1
UV-vis (λmax): 200 nm
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −74.6·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD): 1.375
Viscosity: 0.3 mPa·s
Dipole moment: 0.08 D
Boiling point: 69 °C (1013 hPa)
Density: 0.66 g/cm3 (25 °C)
Explosion limit: 1.0 - 8.1 %(V)
Flash point: -22 °C
Ignition temperature: 240 °C
Melting Point: -95.35 °C
pH value: 7.0 (H₂O) Not applicable
Vapor pressure: 100 hPa (9.8 °C)
Viscosity kinematic: 0.50 mm2/s (20 °C)
Solubility: 0.0095 g/l
Molecular Weight: 86.18
XLogP3: 3.9
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 0
Rotatable Bond Count: 3
Exact Mass: 86.109550447
Monoisotopic Mass: 86.109550447
Topological Polar Surface Area: 0 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 6
Complexity: 12
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Thermochemistry of Hexane:
Heat capacity (C): 265.2 J K−1 mol−1
Std molar entropy (S⦵298): 296.06 J K−1 mol−1
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298): −199.4–−198.0 kJ mol−1
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298): −4180–−4140 kJ mol−1
Specifications of Hexane:
Purity (GC): ≥ 98.0 %
Identity (IR): conforms
Evaporation residue: ≤ 1.0 mg/l
Water: ≤ 0.01 %
Acidity: ≤ 0.0002 meq/g
Alkalinity: ≤ 0.0002 meq/g
Transmission (at 210 nm): ≥ 50 %
Transmission (at 220 nm): ≥ 85 %
Transmission (from 245 nm): ≥ 98 %
Related compounds of Hexane:
Related alkanes:
Pentane
Heptane
Names of Hexane:
Regulatory process names:
Dipropyl
Esani
Gettysolve-B
Heksan
Hexane
Hexanen
Hexyl hydride
N-hexane
n-Hexane
n-hexane
Skellysolve B
Translated names:
hexán (sk)
n-esano (it)
n-heksaan (et)
n-Heksaani (fi)
n-heksan (hr)
n-heksan (no)
n-heksan (pl)
n-heksan (sl)
n-heksanas (lt)
n-heksāns (lv)
n-hexaan (nl)
n-hexan (cs)
n-hexan (da)
n-Hexan (de)
n-hexan (mt)
n-hexan (ro)
n-hexan (sv)
n-hexane (fr)
n-hexano (es)
n-hexano (pt)
n-hexán (hu)
n-εξάνιο (el)
n-хексан (bg)
CAS name:
Hexane
IUPAC names:
HEXANE
hexane
HEXANE MIXTURE OF ISOMERS (MAX 5% n-HEXANE (203-777-6))
Hexane/n-Hexane
n-esano
n-Hexan
N-HEXANE
N-Hexane
n-Hexane
n-hexano
Normal Hexane
Preferred IUPAC name:
Hexane
Trade names:
Hexane
n-heksaani
n-hexane
normal hexane
Other names:
hexane
Sextane
hexacarbane
Other identifiers:
110-54-3
601-037-00-0
8031-34-3
8031-34-3
Synonyms of Hexane:
HEXANE
n-Hexane
110-54-3
Esani
Skellysolve B
Gettysolve-B
Hexanes
Hexyl hydride
hexan
Dipropyl
Heksan
Hexanen
92112-69-1
Butane, ethyl-
Normal hexane
NCI-C60571
NSC 68472
CHEBI:29021
n-C6H14
Naphtha Solvent
Naptha Solvent
2DDG612ED8
CH3-[CH2]4-CH3
NSC-68472
n-Hexan
Esani [Italian]
Heksan [Polish]
Hexanen [Dutch]
Hexane, for HPLC, >=95%
normal-hexane
MFCD00009520
1-hexane
HSDB 91
CCRIS 6247
EINECS 203-777-6
UN1208
UNII-2DDG612ED8
AI3-24253
Senofilcon C
HexH
Hexane, for HPLC
Hexane, p.a.
n-Hexane, anhydrous
n-Hexane, p.a.
n-Hexane HPLC grade
68476-44-8
n-Hexane, ACS grade
Hexane Fraction, purum
Hexane, technical grade
n-Hexane, HPLC Grade
Hexane (Solvent Grade)
HEXANE [INCI]
HEXANE [USP-RS]
N-HEXANE [HSDB]
HEXANE [II]
Hexane, anhydrous, 95%
N-HEXANE [MI]
Epitope ID:116866
Exxsol Hexane (Salt/Mix)
Hexanes Reagent Grade ACS
EC 203-777-6
Hexane, analytical standard
Hexane, p.a., 95%
N-HEXANE [MART.]
2CE3AJR3M4
SENOFILCON C [USAN]
Hexane, AR, >=99%
WLN: 6H
Hexane, ACS reagent, 99%
CHEMBL15939
n-Hexane, Environmental grade
Hexane, p.a., 95.0%
Ligroine, Hexane (Laboratory)
DTXSID0021917
Hexane, for HPLC, >=99%
Hexane, purification grade, 95%
n-Hexane, Spectrophotometric Grade
AMY22305
Hexane, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%
NSC68472
ZINC1532209
Hexane, puriss., >=95% (GC)
Tox21_200777
LMFA11000007
STL445663
Hexane, Laboratory Reagent, >=95%
Hexane, purum, >=98.0% (GC)
n-Hexane 100 microg/mL in Methanol
AKOS000269046
Hexane, UV HPLC spectroscopic, 97%
Hexane, SAJ first grade, >=95.0%
n-Hexane 1000 microg/mL in Methanol
Hexane, JIS special grade, >=96.0%
Hexanes [UN1208] [Flammable liquid]
NCGC00248828-01
NCGC00258331-01
CAS-110-54-3
Hexane, for HPLC, >=97.0% (GC)
Hexane, spectrophotometric grade, >=95%
FT-0627031
FT-0657006
H0394
H0405
H0490
H1197
Hexane, suitable for determination of dioxins
A802211
Q150440
J-002443
Hexane, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, anhydrous, >=95%
Hexane, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, >=99.0% (GC)
680AF2EE-A7B6-479B-BFB3-0F5354069F72
Hexane, >=96.0%, suitable for residual phthalate analysis
n-Hexane, 95% min. glass distilled HRGC/HPLC trace grade
Hexane, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. Ph. Eur., >=99% (GC)
Hexane, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Hexane, commercial grade (52% n-hexane, 16% 3-methylpentane, 16% methylcyclopentane)
Hexane, puriss., absolute, over molecular sieve (H2O <=0.01%), >=99.0% (GC)
478799-92-7
50981-41-4
HEXANE, COMMERCIAL GRADE (52% n-HEXANE, 16% 3-METHYLCYCLOPENTANE, 16% METHYLCYCLOPENTANE)
110-54-3 [RN]
1730733 [Beilstein]
203-777-6 [EINECS]
Hexan [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Hexane [ACD/Index Name] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Hexane [French] [ACD/Index Name] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
MFCD00009520 [MDL number]
n-hexane
21666-38-6 [RN]
Butane, ethyl-
Dipropyl
Esani [Italian]
FM approval
Gettysolve-B [Trade name]
Heksan [Polish]
hexaan [Dutch]
Hexane-d14
Hexanen [Polish]
Hexanes, HPLCmissing
Hexanesmissing
Hexyl hydride
Methyl pentane
MFCD02179311 [MDL number]
n-C6H14
n-Hexane|Hexane
n-Hexane-d14
n-Hexanemissing
Normal hexane
normal-Hexane
Skellysolve B [Trade name]
