N-METHYL PYROLIDONE

2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-methyl-;1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone;1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP);METHYL PYRROLIDONE;N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is an organic compound consisting of a 5-membered lactam. It is a colorless liquid, although impure samples can appear yellow. It is miscible with water and with most common organic solvents. It also belongs to the class of dipolar aprotic solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide. It is used in the petrochemical and plastics industries as a solvent, exploiting its nonvolatility and ability to dissolve diverse materials.NMP is used to recover certain hydrocarbons generated in the processing of petrochemicals, such as the recovery of 1,3-butadiene and acetylene. It is used to absorb hydrogen sulfide from sour gas and hydrodesulfurization facilities. Its good solvency properties have led to NMP's use to dissolve a wide range of polymers. Specifically, it is used as a solvent for surface treatment of textiles, resins, and metal coated plastics or as a paint stripper. It is also used as a solvent in the commercial preparation of polyphenylene sulfide. In the pharmaceutical industry, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used in the formulation for drugs by both oral and transdermal delivery routes. It is also used heavily in lithium ion battery fabrication, as a solvent for electrode preparation, though there is much effort to replace it with solvents of less environmental concern, like waterNMP is produced industrially by a typical ester-to-amide conversion, by treating butyrolactone with methylamine. Alternative routes include the partial hydrogenation of N-methylsuccinimide and the reaction of acrylonitrile with methylamine followed by hydrolysis. About 20,000 to 30,000 tons are produced annually.In rats, NMP is absorbed rapidly after inhalation, oral, and dermal administration, distributed throughout the organism, and eliminated mainly by hydroxylation to polar compounds, which are excreted via urine. About 80% of the administered dose is excreted as NMP and NMP metabolites within 24 hours. A probably dose dependent yellow coloration of the urine in rodents is observed. The major metabolite is 5-hydroxy-N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.Studies in humans show comparable results. Dermal penetration through human skin has been shown to be very rapid. NMP is rapidly biotransformed by hydroxylation to 5-hydroxy-N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, which is further oxidized to N-methylsuccinimide; this intermediate is further hydroxylated to 2-hydroxy-N-methylsuccinimide. These metabolites are all colourless. The excreted amounts of NMP metabolites in the urine after inhalation or oral intake represented about 100% and 65% of the administered doses, respectively. NMP has a low potential for skin irritation and a moderate potential for eye irritation in rabbits. Repeated daily doses of 450 mg/kg body weight administered to the skin caused painful and severe haemorrhage and eschar formation in rabbits. These adverse effects have not been seen in workers occupationally exposed to pure NMP, but they have been observed after dermal exposure to NMP used in cleaning processes. No sensitization potential has been observed.N-Methylpyrrolidone, also known as NMP or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, is a solvent used in a range of products. The average consumer is most likely to encounter it in paint strippers, even though safer alternatives exist. NMP has been closely linked to developmental impacts including miscarriages.N-Methylpyrrolidone (NMP) is a solvent used in a variety of industries and applications, such as paint and coating removal, petrochemical processing, engineering plastics coatings, agricultural chemicals,electronic cleaning and industrial/domestic cleaning. NMP is produced and imported into the United States, with use estimated at over 184 million pounds per year. EPA estimates that approximately 9percent of total NMP usage is for paint and coating removal products.The final risk assessment for NMP evaluated health risks to consumers and workers using NMP in paintand coating removal products, as well as occupants in residences and the workplace where NMP paintand coating removers are used. Paint and coating removal products pose some of the highest exposuresamong the various uses of NMP.The final risk assessment identified risks to people, particularly pregnant women and women of childbearing age, who have high exposure to NMP through paint or coating removal. Acute and chronic risks identified for people who use NMP for less than four hours per day may be reduced by use of specific types of chemical-resistant gloves. However, gloves and respirators do not adequately reduce risks to people who use NMP for more than four hours per day on a single day or repeatedly over a succession of days. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) describes NMP as a developmental toxicant. In 2017, EPA proposed to ban this chemical’s use in paint stripping but then shelved the proposal under pressure from industry. We’re calling on retailers to take action and stop selling paint strippers containing NMP. In the meantime, if you need to remove paint or a coating, make sure to avoid NMP and other toxic chemicals like methylene chloride.EMPLURA® is our low-cost alternative to high-purity qualities. With NMP  we offer a range of solvents for a plurality of basic applications in non-regulated industries and for less demanding applications, preparative laboratory work and cleaning purposes. NMP  provide adequate specifications with the most important parameters.N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone appears as a clear colorless liquid with a "fishlike" odor. Denser than water. Flash point 199°F. Contact may irritate skin, eyes and mucous membranes. May be toxic by ingestion.N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one is a member of the class of pyrrolidine-2-ones that is pyrrolidin-2-one in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a methyl group. It has a role as a polar aprotic solvent. It is a N-alkylpyrrolidine, a lactam and a member of pyrrolidin-2-ones.NMP is used as extraction medium in several industrial processes because of its affinity for unsaturated hydrocarbons and aromatics, for example butadiene recovery, BTX extraction, lube oil purification, ...NMP is used as photoresist stripper, for defluxing, degreasing and cleaning.NMP is a solvent for the production of FCCL, polyamide/polyimide wire enamels, epoxy and polyurethane coatings.NMP can be used as solvent, extraction medium, …NMP is used for paint stripping, in graffiti removers, oven cleaners, in automotive and industrial cleaner formulations,NMP can be used as solvent during synthesis or as a formulation agent.N-Methylpyrrolidone, also known as NMP or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, is a solvent used in a range of products. The average consumer is most likely to encounter it in paint strippers, even though safer alternatives exist. NMP has been closely linked to developmental impacts including miscarriages. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) describes NMP as a developmental toxicant. In 2017, EPA proposed to ban this chemical’s use in paint stripping but then shelved the proposal under pressure from industry. We’re calling on retailers to take action and stop selling paint strippers containing NMP. In the meantime, if you need to remove paint or a coating, make sure to avoid NMP and other toxic chemicals like methylene chloride.Paint Strippers: NMP is a key ingredient in a variety of paint and coating removers sold in the U.S. Paints and other coatings: This chemical is also used in a range of coating products sold by popular retailers. For a comprehensive list of coatings containing NMP, click here to view the list developed by EPA in February 2017 (see pages 8-10). Other Products: Some adhesives, cleaners, dyes, inks, and pesticides also contain NMP. Review EPA’s comprehensive list here.N-Methylpyrrolidone (NMP) is a solvent used in a variety of industries and applications, such as paint and coating removal, petrochemical processing, engineering plastics coatings, agricultural chemicals, electronic cleaning and industrial/domestic cleaning. NMP is produced and imported into the United States, with use estimated at over 184 million pounds per year. EPA estimates that approximately 9 percent of total NMP usage is for paint and coating removal products.The final risk assessment for NMP evaluated health risks to consumers and workers using NMP in paint and coating removal products, as well as occupants in residences and the workplace where NMP paint and coating removers are used. Paint and coating removal products pose some of the highest exposures among the various uses of NMP.The final risk assessment identified risks to people, particularly pregnant women and women of childbearing age, who have high exposure to NMP through paint or coating removal. Acute and chronic risks identified for people who use NMP for less than four hours per day may be reduced by use of specific types of chemical-resistant gloves. However, gloves and respirators do not adequately reduce risks to people who use NMP for more than four hours per day on a single day or repeatedly over a succession of days. Solvent for polymers, textile coatings, resins, agricultural chemicals, paint removal, degreasing; petrochemical processing; pharmaceuticals N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone (NMP) is a powerful solvent with broad solubility for resins and high chemical and thermal stability. It is completely soluble with water at all temperatures and is soluble with most organic solvents.NMP, known for its solvent power and exceptional performance, has become the product of choice for paint strippers, agricultural chemicals and process solvent applications. As a cosolvent, NMP can improve the gloss of floor polishes. Because of its high solvency and low volatility, NMP is used in automotive and industrial cleaners with solvents, including hydrocarbons, terpenes, propylene carbonate and propylene glycol ethers. It also has application in the electronic industry as a photoresist stripper and it can be a replacement for 1,1,1-tricholoroethane, an ozone-depleting substance, in demanding applications, including the cleaning of metal parts. It is recyclable by distillation, readily biodegradable and essentially non-toxic to aquatic life. It is not on the Hazardous Air Pollutants(HAPs) list of the U.S. 1990 Clean Air ct Amendments.Combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.  Above 86°C explosive vapour/air mixtures may be formed. Decomposes on heating and on burning. This produces toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides. It reacts violently with strong acids and strong bases. Attacks copper and its alloys. An overhaul in 2016 of the main U.S. chemical safety law, the Toxic Substances Control Act, required EPA to choose the first 10 chemicals for risk evaluation. NMP, one of the first 10 chemicals, is commonly used in paint and coating removal products but is also found in automotive products, inks, degreasers, and more. NMP is linked to fetal development problems, including low birth weight and birth defects.In January 2017, EPA proposed a rule to restrict most uses of NMP in paint and coating removal products. Unfortunately, the agency has abandoned finalization of this proposed restriction.1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (C5H9NO) is a flammable organic liquid consisting of a 5-membered lactam. Availabe in various quantities and reagent grades, it is a dipolar aprotic solvent with petrochemical, plastic, and pharmaceutical applications.NMP (N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone) is a polar solvent with outstanding characteristics. It has a wide range of applications because it offers very high solvency, high boiling point, low freezing point, and ease of handling.NMP is a 5-member-ring compound containing nitrogen.  It has a wide range of uses due to the following excellent characteristics.It is highly polar and miscible with most organic solvents (alcohols, ethers, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, etc.).  Organic and inorganic substances are highly soluble in it.It mixes with water in all proportions.It has a high flash point compared to similar solvents.The boiling point is high, the freezing point is low, and handling is easy.It is chemically and thermally stable, and not corrosive.NMP is used to produce fine chemicals from mass-produced chemicals.NMP applications in the electronics field have expanded in recent years.  NMP's high polarity and high solvency power along with our high purity, high-grade production technology enable the high performance needed in this field.NMP can dissolve organic and inorganic compounds equally well or better than chlorofluorocarbon solvents.  Therefore NMP is used in various industrial fields as a cleaning or release agent.NMP is replacing 1,1,1-trichloroethane in metal cleaning applications due to the world-wide environmental pollution problems associated with chlorinated solvents.Solvent for polymers, textile coatings, resins, agricultural chemicals, paint removal, degreasing; petrochemical processing; pharmaceuticals. is a hygroscopic, biodegradable methylpyrrolidone. Used as a solvent in adhesives. Offers low order of toxicity. M-PYROL™ can be used as a complexing agent and a dispersion aid. NMP is mainly used as a solvent for extraction in the petrochemical industry, as a reactive medium in polymeric and nonpolymeric chemical reactions, as a remover of graffiti, as a paint stripper in the occupational setting, and for stripping and cleaning applications in the microelectronics fabrication industry. It is also used as a formulating agent in pigments, dyes and inks, and in insecticides, herbicides and fungicides. NMP is further used as an intermediate in the pharmaceutical industry. NMP is also used to enhance the absorption of topically applied drugs.NMP is used as a solvent and a surfactant in cosmetic products. There are no known natural sources of NMP. The final concentration of NMP in cosmetic products is not known. It is noted that NMP may enhance the dermal absorption of other cosmetic ingredients.N-Methyl pyrrolidone is an organic compound with low volatility, good thermal and chemical stability, and can evaporate with water vapor. It is hygroscopic. Sensitive to light. It is easily soluble in water, ethanol, ether, acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform and benzene, and can dissolve most organic and inorganic compounds, polar gases, natural and synthetic polymer compounds. N-methylpyrrolidone is miscible with water in any ratio, and is completely mixed with almost all solvents and is miscible with alcohol, ether, acetone, etc.It is miscible with water, alcohol, ether, ester, ketone, halogenated hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon and castor oil. Low volatility, good thermal and chemical stability, and can evaporate with water vapor. It is hygroscopic. Sensitive to light. The median lethal dose (rat, oral) is 3914 mg/kg.N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) is a nitrogen heterocyclic compound with a series of excellent physical and chemical properties. It is non-toxic, high boiling point, strong polarity, low viscosity, low corrosiveness, high solubility, and low volatility. It is a high-efficiency selective solvent with good stability and easy recovery. Electronic grade NMP is mainly applied as a solvent for polyvinylidene fluoride, and as an electrode auxiliary for lithium ion batteries material. It can be used for photoresist removal liquid, LCD liquid crystal material production: solvent in pharmaceutical production; the cleaning of precision instruments and circuit boards in the semiconductor industry. Electronic grade NMP is an indispensable solvent for the production of new energy power-lithium-ion batteries. NMP is a water-like liquid with a mild amine odor. It is stable and soluble in water. Materials to avoid are strong oxidizing or reducing agents. Uses: In commercial processes to strip paint, in the electronics industry for cleaning and degreasing silicon wafers, in immersion and ultrasonic equipment to clean engine parts, remove printing ink residues, and as a solvent for surface coatings. CAS# (872-50-4). N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is a versatile solubilizer for one-component systems. It is a water-miscible polar aprotic solvent with high interfacial activity. Pharmasolve™ NMP is manufactured in a facility with ISO 9001:2015 and EXCiPACT GMP certifications. It is used as a drug solubilizer and penetration enhancer in human and animal parenteral dosage forms.N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), also known as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone and colloquially as Methylpyrrolidone, is a colorless to slightly yellow liquid with a slight amine or “fishy” odor. It is heavier than water and has a flash point of 199 degrees Fahrenheit. NMP is an organic compound and its chemical structure is very simple, consisting of a 5-membered carbon ring where one part of the ring includes a nitrogen atom (molecular formula of C5H9NO, and in the image). For more see US National Library of Medicine’s Toxnet database, 2018a. N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) is an organic solvent. It is a volatile organic compound (VOC) and has a low vapor pressure of 0.29 mm Hg at 68 F (0.39 mbar at 20C). It is combustible, with a flash point of 199 F (93 C). A threshold limit value (TLV) has not been established by ACGIH.NMP cleans heavy oil and carbon deposits from engine parts. It is an excellent solvent for many coatings, including polyurethanes, printing inks, epoxy resins, polyamidimide-based wire enamels, and water-based coatings. Many plastics, including polystyrene, polyesters, and polyvinyl chloride are soluble in NMP. NMP is also effective for stripping many types of paints. NMP is acceptable for use in both immersion and ultrasonic processes. Pure NMP is commonly used, but is also available blended with surfactants or other solvents. It can be combined with a water rinse in semiaqueous processes.Many oils become soluble in NMP only when the solvent is above 145 F (63�-C). The oils can be separated from the solvent after the cleaning step by lowering the NMP temperature. The solvent can then be reused and the oil can be recycled.N-Methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) was used as a pretreatment to soften the paint samples. No heating, mechanical grinding, or other chemical …N-Methylpyrrolidone (NMP) can affect how baby animals develop. There are also health risks for pregnant women and women of childbearing age who are exposed to high concentrations of NMP. It is used as a solvent, paint stripper, graffiti remover, and to produce pigments, dyes and textiles.n-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) is a five-membered cyclic amide produced industrially and used in a variety of applications across diverse industries such as electronics, petrochemical processing, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, industrial cleaners, paints and coatings. Although NMP shows only low acute toxicity, it produces skin and mucosal irritation and its metabolites showed teratogenic effects in rats [Flick09], resulting in restricted use in the European Union and Japan. Despite its toxicity, NMP is rapidly biodegraded under aerobic conditions, and is not considered a significant risk to the environment. Early analysis of NMP biodegradation in activated sludge systems showed that the C-N bond between the nitrogen atom and the carbonyl group is cleaved [Chow83]. Multiple genera have been impicated in NMP degradation ,including Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Paracoccus and Rhodococcus [Krizek15]. Paracoccus sp. NMD-4 was shown to use it as its sole carbon and nitrogen source.The enzymes involved in the degradation pathway were identified in Alicycliphilus denitrificans. The genes are located on a six-gene cluster, and were named nmpABCDEF. The first enzyme is a heterodimeric N-methylpyrrolidone amidohydrolase, which cleaves the C-N bond, forming 4-methylaminobutanoate. The next enzyme is an oxidase that forms succinate semialdehyde. The third and last enzyme is EC 1.2.1.24, succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+), which produces succinate that can enter the TCA cycle. Introduction and expression of the nmpABCD genes in Escherichia coli enabled that organism to grow on NMP as its sole carbon source. N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) is a five-membered cyclic amide produced industrially and used in a variety of applications across diverse industries such as electronics, petrochemical processing, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, industrial cleaners, paints and coatings. Although NMP shows only low acute toxicity, it produces skin and mucosal irritation and its metabolites showed teratogenic effects in rats [Flick09], resulting in restricted use in the European Union and Japan. Despite its toxicity, NMP is rapidly biodegraded under aerobic conditions, and is not considered a significant risk to the environment.Early analysis of NMP biodegradation in activated sludge systems showed that the C-N bond between the nitrogen atom and the carbonyl group is cleaved [Chow83]. Multiple genera have been impicated in NMP degradation ,including Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Paracoccus and Rhodococcus [Krizek15]. Paracoccus sp. NMD-4 was shown to use it as its sole carbon and nitrogen source. The enzymes involved in the degradation pathway were identified in Alicycliphilus denitrificans. The genes are located on a six-gene cluster, and were named nmpABCDEF. The first enzyme is a heterodimeric N-methylpyrrolidone amidohydrolase, which cleaves the C-N bond, forming 4-methylaminobutanoate. The next enzyme is an oxidase that forms succinate semialdehyde. The third and last enzyme is EC 1.2.1.24, succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+), which produces succinate that can enter the TCA cycle. Introduction and expression of the nmpABCD genes in Escherichia coli enabled that organism to grow on NMP as its sole carbon source.N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is a versatile water-miscible polar aprotic solvent. It is used as a drug solubilizer and penetration enhancer in human and animal, yet its bioactivity properties remain elusive. Here, we report that NMP is a bioactive anti-inflammatory compound well tolerated in vivo, that shows efficacy in reducing disease in a mouse model of atherosclerosis. Mechanistically, NMP increases the expression of the transcription factor Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2). Monocytes and endothelial cells treated with NMP express increased levels of KLF2, produce less pro-inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules. We found that NMP attenuates monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells inflamed with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) by reducing expression of adhesion molecules. We further show using KLF2 shRNA that the inhibitory effect of NMP on endothelial inflammation and subsequent monocyte adhesion is KLF2 dependent. Enhancing KLF2 expression and activity improves endothelial function, controls multiple genes critical for inflammation, and prevents atherosclerosis. Our findings demonstrate a consistent effect of NMP upon KLF2 activation and inflammation, biological processes central to atherogenesis. Our data suggest that inclusion of bioactive solvent NMP in pharmaceutical compositions to treat inflammatory disorders might be beneficial and safe, in particular to treat diseases of the vascular system, such as atherosclerosis.N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone (NMP) is a high boiling, polar aprotic, low viscosity liquid. NMP has a good solvency for a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds and it is miscible with water at all temperatures and has a high chemical and thermal stability. It is used as a solvent for engineering polymers and coating r sins. Additionally, the polar nature and the low surface tension of NMP makes it an excellent cleaning medium and paint stripping solvent.Solvent for resins, acetylene, etc., Pigment dispersant, petroleum processing, spinning agent for polyvinyl chloride, microelectronics industry plastic solvent applications, intermediate.Sonicating pure N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) rapidly produces contaminating organic nanoparticles, at increasing concentration with time, as investigated by AFM, as well as UV-vis, IR and NMR spectroscopies. The contamination issue affects carbon nanotube, and likely other nanomaterial, dispersions processed by sonication in organic solvents.N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used as a versatile industrial solvent.N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone (NMP) is a high boiling, polar aprotic, low viscosity liquid. NMP has a good solvency for a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds and it is miscible with water at all temperatures and has a high chemical and thermal stability. It is used as a solvent for engineering polymers and coating resins. The polar nature and the low surface tension of NMP makes it also an excellent cleaning medium and paint stripping solvent.N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone (NMP) is a high boiling, polar aprotic, low viscosity liquid. NMP has a good solvency for a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds and it is miscible with water at all temperatures and has a high chemical and thermal stability. It is used as a solvent for engineering polymers and coating resins. The polar nature and the low surface tension of NMP makes it also an excellent cleaning medium and paint stripping solvent.N-Methylpyrrolidone is commonly used as a solvent for resins and acetylene, a pigment dispersant, in petroleum, microelectronics, plastics, textiles, agrochemicals, and pharmaceuticals.NMP is used to recover certain hydrocarbons generated in the processing petrochemicals, such as the recovery of 1,3-butadiene and acetylene. It is used to absorb hydrogen sulfide from sour gas and hydrodesulfurization facilities. Due to its good solvency properties NMP is used to dissolve a wide range of polymers. It also used as a solvent for surface treatment of textiles, resins, and metal coated plastics or as a paint stripper.
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is an organic compound consisting of a 5-membered lactam. It is a colorless liquid, although impure samples can appear yellow. It is miscible with water and with most common organic solvents. It also belongs to the class of dipolar aprotic solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide. It is used in the petrochemical and plastics industries as a solvent, exploiting its nonvolatility and ability to dissolve diverse materials.[3]
NMP is produced industrially by a typical ester-to-amide conversion, by treating butyrolactone with methylamine. Alternative routes include the partial hydrogenation of N-methylsuccinimide and the reaction of acrylonitrile with methylamine followed by hydrolysis. About 20,000 to 30,000 tons are produced annually.
NMP is used to recover certain hydrocarbons generated in the processing of petrochemicals, such as the recovery of 1,3-butadiene and acetylene. It is used to absorb hydrogen sulfide from sour gas and hydrodesulfurization facilities. Due to its good solvency properties NMP is used to dissolve a wide range of polymers. It is also used as a solvent for surface treatment of textiles, resins, and metal coated plastics or as a paint stripper. It is utilized as a solvent in the commercial preparation of polyphenylene sulfide. In the pharmaceutical industry, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used in the formulation for drugs by both oral and transdermal delivery routes.[4] It is also used heavily in lithium ion battery fabrication, as a solvent for electrode preparation, though there is much effort to replace it with solvents of less environmental concern, like water
In rats, NMP is absorbed rapidly after inhalation, oral, and dermal administration, distributed throughout the organism, and eliminated mainly by hydroxylation to polar compounds, which are excreted via urine. About 80% of the administered dose is excreted as NMP and NMP metabolites within 24 hours. A probably dose dependent yellow coloration of the urine in rodents is observed. The major metabolite is 5-hydroxy-N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.Studies in humans show comparable results. Dermal penetration through human skin has been shown to be very rapid. NMP is rapidly biotransformed by hydroxylation to 5-hydroxy-N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, which is further oxidized to N-methylsuccinimide; this intermediate is further hydroxylated to 2-hydroxy-N-methylsuccinimide. These metabolites are all colourless. The excreted amounts of NMP metabolites in the urine after inhalation or oral intake represented about 100% and 65% of the administered doses, respectively. NMP has a low potential for skin irritation and a moderate potential for eye irritation in rabbits. Repeated daily doses of 450 mg/kg body weight administered to the skin caused painful and severe haemorrhage and eschar formation in rabbits. These adverse effects have not been seen in workers occupationally exposed to pure NMP, but they have been observed after dermal exposure to NMP used in cleaning processes. No sensitization potential has been observed.-
NMP is used as extraction medium in several industrial processes because of its affinity for unsaturated hydrocarbons and aromatics, for example butadiene recovery, BTX extraction, lube oil purification, ...As illustration for the strong selectivity of NMP towards acetylene, the table below shows the solubility of acetylene in various solvents.
N-Methylpyrrolidone, also known as NMP or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, is a solvent used in a range of products. The average consumer is most likely to encounter it in paint strippers, even though safer alternatives exist. NMP has been closely linked to developmental impacts including miscarriages.The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) describes NMP as a developmental toxicant. In 2017, EPA proposed to ban this chemical’s use in paint stripping but then shelved the proposal under pressure from industry. We’re calling on retailers to take action and stop selling paint strippers containing NMP. In the meantime, if you need to remove paint or a coating, make sure to avoid NMP and other toxic chemicals like methylene chloride.
A clear colorless liquid with a fish-like odor; [CAMEO] Almost colorless liquid with an amine odor; [AIHA]Used as a solvent for chemicals and resins in the microelectronics and pharmaceutical industries; [HSDB] Widely used to replace other solvents, e.g., for paint stripping and lube oil extraction; it is used as a solvent for pesticides, coatings, adhesives, dyes, pigments, polymers, and polyurethane foam cleanup. [ACGIH]
It is absorbed through the skin; a severe eye irritant; [CSH, p. 291] "It is mainly an irritant, but it can cause severe contact dermatitis due to prolonged contact." [Kanerva, p. 1816] Experimental animals experience lethargy and respiratory difficulty after inhalation. [HSDB] Some animal studies found fetal loss and birth defects after high doses during early pregnancy. [Frazier, p. 345] NMP is a cyclic amide used as a solvent, catalyst, formulating agent, and graffiti remover. Significant absorption occurs through the skin. 2-HMSI can be used for biological monitoring of workers. [Akesson B, Carnerup MA, Jonsson BAG. Evaluation of exposure biomarkers from percutaneous absorption of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. Scand J Work Environ 2004;30(4):306-312] In high-dose animal studies, adverse effects include CNS depression and changes to the liver, kidneys, and blood cells. [ACGIH] A skin and eye irritant; [ICSC] Danger of cutaneous absorption; [AIHA]
The analysis of N-Methylpyrrolidone (NMP) for amines by IC is used to determine that NMP is free from contamination of amines. The sample is injected on a ion chromatograph capable of detecting and quantifying amines in NMP.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone is also known as NMP, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-methylpyrrolidone, and N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone. NMP is a colorless to light yellow transparent liquid with a slight ammonia odor. NMP is completely miscible with water. It is highly soluble in lower alcohols, lower ketones, ether, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and benzene and moderately soluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons. NMP is strongly hygroscopic, chemically stable, not corrosive towards carbon steel and aluminum, and slightly corrosive to copper. It has low adhesiveness, strong chemical and thermal stability, high polarity, and low volatility. This product is slightly toxic, and its permitted concentration limit in air is 100ppm.
N-Methylpyrrolidone (NMP) is a solvent used in a variety of industries and applications, such as paint and coating removal, petrochemical processing, engineering plastics coatings, agricultural chemicals, electronic cleaning and industrial/domestic cleaning.N-methylpyrrolidone (henceforth referred to as NMP), molecular formula is C5H9ON, molecular
weight is 99.13, colorless transparent oily substance and slightly with ammonia. It can mix with water at any percentage and can completely mixed with almost all solvents. NMP has many advantages, for example: strong polarity, low toxicity, strong solubility, no corrosion, low volatility, strong biodegradability, low volatility , etc[1,2]. NMP is widely used in lithium batteries, high-grade paint,insulating material, petrochemical solvent, medicine and other fields[3-5] as a chemical materials. Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) is known as the plastic gold, which combination property become more excellent after modification, and is widely used in electrical, automotive, aerospace and military industry and other fields. NMP, which dosage is very large, is used as a solvent in the process ofPPS synthesis. With the usage amount increasing of PPS, a large quantity of NMP is used in theprocess of PPS synthesis. If we can effectively recover NMP, we can greatly reduce the productioncosts of PPS. So recycle of NMP has great economic value in the production of PPS. NMP is stableunder neutral conditions, but it is easy to open loop under acidic or alkaline conditions to form acidand other products, and both alkali and temperature have effects on the hydrolysis of NMP[9]. Nowthe main technology of the production of PPS is sodium sulfide method[10-12] . Raw material Na2Sneed to dehydrate in the production process, and in the process of dehydration need to add NaOH toprevent the hydrolysis of Na2S and the reaction system is alkaline. NMP will open the ring at hightemperature, and finally will affect the quality of PPS. So it is important to study the hydrolysis ofNMP in alkaline environment and high temperature.In this work the effects of temperature and alkali on the hydrolysis rate of NMP was studied,which provided the theoretical basis for the recovery of NMP. 
N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) has been shown to be the most effective solvent for liquid phase exfoliation and dispersion of a range of 2D materials including graphene, molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) and black phosphorus. However, NMP is also known to be susceptible to sonochemical degradation during exfoliation. We report that this degradation gives rise to strong visible photoluminescence of NMP. Sonochemical modification is shown to influence exfoliation of layered materials in NMP and the optical absorbance of the solvent in the dispersion. The emerging optical properties of the degraded solvent present challenges for spectroscopy of nanomaterial dispersions; most notably the possibility of observing solvent photoluminescence in the spectra of 2D materials such as MoS2, highlighting the need for stable solvents and exfoliation processes to minimise the influence of solvent degradation on the properties of liquid-exfoliated 2D materials.
Sonicating pure N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) rapidly produces contaminating organic nanoparticles, at increasing concentration with time, as investigated by AFM, as well as UV-vis, IR and NMR spectroscopies. The contamination issue affects carbon nanotube, and likely other nanomaterial, dispersions processed by sonication in organic solvents.
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is prepared by preparing a mixture comprising monomethylamine, dimethylamine and trimethylamine and ammonia in a first process step by reacting ammonia with methanol at elevated temperature in the presence of a catalyst, separating 10 off the ammonia, reacting the mixture comprising the methylamines with gamma-butyrolactone (γ-BL), in a molar ratio of monomethylamine to γ-BL of at least 1 in a second process step at elevated temperature and superatmospheric pressure, separating NMP and unreacted methylamines from the reaction product and returning unreacted methylamines to the first process step for reaction with methanol and ammonia.
N-Methylpyrrolidone (NMP) can affect how baby animals develop. There are also health risks for pregnant women and women of childbearing age who are exposed to high concentrations of NMP. 
-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is a common solvent and drug vehicle. We discovered unexpected antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activity of NMP in a cMYC-driven myeloma model. Coincident to this, NMP was identified as an acetyllysine mimetic and candidate bromodomain ligand. Accordingly, NMP-treated cells demonstrated transcriptional overlap with BET-bromodomain inhibition, including downregulation of cMYC and IRF4. NMP’s immunomodulatory activity occurred at sub-BET inhibitory concentrations, and, despite phenotypic similarities to lenalidomide, its antimyeloma activity was independent of the IMiD targets cereblon and Ikaros-1/ 3. Thus, low-affinity yet broad-spectrum bromodomain inhibition by NMP mediates biologically potent, cereblon-independent immunomodulation and at higher doses targets malignant cells directly via BET antagonism. These data reveal that NMP is a functional acetyllysine mimetic with pleotropic antimyeloma and immunomodulatory activities. Our studies highlight the potential therapeutic benefits of NMP, the consequences of current human NMP exposures, and the need for reassessment of scientific literature where NMP was used as an ‘‘inert’’ drug-delivery vehicle.
N‑methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), a small bioactive molecule, has the potential to stimulate bone formation and inhibit osteoclast differentiation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of NMP on the inflammatory response and underlying molecular mechanisms in MG‑63 cells. The mRNA and protein expression of cytokines from peripheral blood in children with or without ankle fracture were determined by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) and ELISA, respectively. MG‑63 cells were pre‑treated with/without NMP and stimulated with 1 µM bradykinin (BK). The production of cytokines from MG‑63 cells was assessed by western blotting and RT‑qPCR. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase‑2 (COX‑2) mRNA and protein were measured using western blotting and/or RT‑qPCR. Western blotting was used to examine the activation level of mitogen activated protein kinase. Compared with healthy children, levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF‑α), interleukin (IL)‑1β and IL‑6 mRNA and protein were upregulated in children with ankle fracture. NMP treatment did not induce cytotoxicity in MG‑63 cells. The BK‑induced upregulation of TNF‑α, IL‑1β, IL‑6, iNOS and COX‑2 mRNA and protein was reversed in a dose‑dependent manner by NMP. Furthermore, NMP downregulated the activation of c‑Jun NH2‑terminal kinase and p38 pathways, but not the extracellular signal‑related kinase pathway. Therefore, the results of the current study demonstrate that NMP inhibits inflammation dependent on the mitogen‑activated protein kinase pathway in MG‑63 cells, indicating that it may be beneficial in the healing of fractures.
N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is a widely used solvent for many organic compounds and a component found in a vast array of chemical preparations. For this research paper, NMP degrading bacteria were isolated from two samples of activated sludge. They pertained to both Gram-negative and Gram-positive members, and belong to the Pseudomonas, Paracoccus, Acinetobacter and Rhodococcus genera. All the strains utilized 300 mg/L of NMP as the only source of carbon, energy and nitrogen over several days, and they were shown to additionally be able to degrade N-acetylphenylalanine (NAP). The growth of all the isolated strains was recorded at different NMP concentrations, to a maximum of 20 g/L.
member of the class of pyrrolidine-2-ones that is pyrrolidin-2-one in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a methyl group.
N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is a common solvent and drug vehicle. We discovered unexpected antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activity of NMP in a cMYC-driven myeloma model. Coincident to this, NMP was identified as an acetyllysine mimetic and candidate bromodomain ligand. Accordingly, NMP-treated cells demonstrated transcriptional overlap with BET-bromodomain inhibition, including downregulation of cMYC and IRF4. NMP's immunomodulatory activity occurred at sub-BET inhibitory concentrations, and, despite phenotypic similarities to lenalidomide, its antimyeloma activity was independent of the IMiD targets cereblon and Ikaros-1/3. Thus, low-affinity yet broad-spectrum bromodomain inhibition by NMP mediates biologically potent, cereblon-independent immunomodulation and at higher doses targets malignant cells directly via BET antagonism. These data reveal that NMP is a functional acetyllysine mimetic with pleotropic antimyeloma and immunomodulatory activities. Our studies highlight the potential therapeutic benefits of NMP, the consequences of current human NMP exposures, and the need for reassessment of scientific literature where NMP was used as an "inert" drug-delivery vehicle.
N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP). Acts as a powerful, aprotic solvent with high solvency and low volatility. Possesses high chemical and thermal stability. Exhibits complete miscibility with water at all temperatures and both recyclable by distillation as well as readily biodegradable. Due to its high boiling point and very good solvent power it extends as well as improves the properties of high temperature bake coatings. Provides very good mechanical and dielectric properties. Also aids rheological control, better flow, leveling-less cratering and pinholing. Used in electronic coatings, wire coatings and paint strippers.
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is an organic compound, a 5-membered lactam, widely used as a non-volatile solvent, due to it's ability to dissolve various materials, such as plastics. It has the chemical formula C5H9NO.
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone will react with acids to form salts.N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is a colorless liquid, with a faint amine smell. It melts at -24 °C and boils at 202 °C. NMP is miscible with water, as well as most organic solvents, as well as castor oil.
NMP can be found in some paint strippers. Some art stores carry paint removers containing N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.Pyrrolidone is a keto-pyrrole, that is a 5-membered lactam structure compound (gamma-butyrolactam). Lactam structure compound including pyrrolidone has good solvency property, therefore useful in industrial application. It is an important part of antibiotics, such as penicillin. These structures, cyclic esters and analogues, are active nucleuses in pharmacological activity and flavorings. Lactams have big demand in artificial fibre industry. They are polymerizable and used as nylon precursors. 2-Pyrrolidone is used as a solvent for surface treatment for textiles, metal coated plastics, polymers, and paint removing. Pyrrolidone and its derivatives are used as Intermediates for the synthesis of agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, textile auxiliaries, plasticizers, polymer solvent, stabilizers, specialty inks and as a nylon precursor. NMP is used as a solvent for paint stripping and resins; cleaner for polymeric residues; metal finishing; printed circuit board manufacturing; SBR latex production; pigment dispersant; extraction of acetylene and butadiene; dehydration of natural gas; lube oil processing;
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) is a polar aprotic solvent that has the advantages of low toxicity, high boiling point, outstanding solvency, strong selectivity, and good stability. It is widely used in purification of aromatic hydrocarbon extraction, acetylene, olefins, and diolefins.
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is an important chemical raw material, a polar solvent with good selectivity and  stability properties, low toxicity, high boiling point, strong solvency, non-inflammable, has many advantages, such as the biodegradation, reutilization, safety in use and suitable for many kinds of prescription,etc. Its main applications are as follows:
MP is used to recover certain hydrocarbons generated in the processing of petrochemicals, such as the recovery of 1,3-butadiene and acetylene. It is used to absorb hydrogen sulfide from sour gas and hydrodesulfurization facilities. Its good solvency properties have led to NMP's use to dissolve a wide range of polymers. Specifically, it is used as a solvent for surface treatment of textiles, resins, and metal coated plastics or as a paint stripper. It is also used as a solvent in the commercial preparation of polyphenylene sulfide. In the pharmaceutical industry, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used in the formulation for drugs by both oral and transdermal delivery routes.[4] It is also used heavily in lithium ion battery fabrication, as a solvent for electrode preparation, though there is much effort to replace it with solvents of less environmental concern, like water.

Oil industry:  oil refinery and concentration;
Polymerizing solvent  for the engineering plastics and aromatic fiber;
Electronic industry:  photoresist stripper,electric insulant, lithium ion battery;
Ink and paint industry:  High-class coating, printing ink, pigment etc;
Carrier solvent for Pesticide and agrochemical drugs.
Carrier solvent for Veterinary drugs;
Industrial cleanup:  de-oil,dewax,furnish,anti-rust,anti-gaffiti,depainting;

Formula: C5H9NO
Molecular mass: 99.1
Boiling point: 202°C
Melting point: -24.4°C
Relative density (water = 1): 1.03
Solubility in water: miscible
Vapour pressure, Pa at 25°C: 39
Relative vapour density (air = 1): 3.4
Relative density of the vapour/air-mixture at 20°C (air = 1): 1.00
Flash point: 86°C c.c.
Auto-ignition temperature: 245°C
Explosive limits, vol% in air: 1.3-9.5
Octanol/water partition coefficient as log Pow: -0.38
Viscosity: 1.62 mm²/s at 25°C 

NMP is a powerful solvent with a low volatility used for a wide range of chemicals and finds its application among others in:

Applications/uses
Electronics
Paints & coatings
Polymer & plastic
Process solvents
Solvents/stripping agents
Cosmetics, toiletries, personal care products
Carrier solvent (or excipient) in veterinary medicines/drugs (unless approved by Lyondellbasell)
Pharmaceutical excipient
Wire wrappers
As illustration for the strong selectivity of NMP towards acetylene, the table below shows the solubility of acetylene in various solvents.
Paint strippers
Polyurethane paints
Waterborne paints
Inks and toners
Degreasers
Automotive care
Paint and coating removal
Machine manufacturing
Adhesive removal
Cleaning and degreasing in electronic equipment
Use of automotive care products

1) Electronics
Wax, flux removal
Burr removal
Electronic parts cleaning
Semiconductor parts cleaning
Solvent for lithium battery manufacturing
Semiconductor photo-resist thinner
Color filter photo-resist thinner
2) Automotive
Mold cleaning
Metal (parts) cleaning
3) Chemical
Extract agent (acetylene, BTX, butadiene)
Synthetic resin surface coating solvent
Reaction solvents (PPS, polyimide, etc.)
Equipment washing
4) Optical
Plastic lens manufacturing equipment cleaning
5) Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Chemicals
Water-soluble solvent
Cleaning
Extraction
Handling and Storage
NMP is classified under the Japanese Fire Services Act as a hazardous material, Class 4, Petroleums No.3 (4,000 liter quantity specified), water soluble, Hazardous Rank III. 
Since NMP is hygroscopic, if moisture content is to be controlled, it is important to keep storage containers tightly closed or under a dry nitrogen atmosphere.  Since NMP is a strong degreaser, in the event of skin contact wash immediately with water.

What hazards does it pose?
Developmental toxicity
Reproductive toxicity
Liver toxicity
Kidney toxicity
Immunotoxicity
Skin and eye irritation