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NIPACIDE BIT AS 20

Nipacide BIT AS 20 is an in-can biocide based on BIT. Nipacide BIT AS 20 is a stable, free flowing 20% aqueous dispersion of 1,2-benzisothiazolinone and is a low toxicity biocide developed for the complete in-can protection of water based products.
Nipacide BIT AS 20 is effective against a wide range of microorganisms including gram positive and gram negative bacteria, yeast and fungi. Nipacide BIT AS 20 should be the biocide of choice for products with pH >8 and production temperatures of >40 C.

CAS No. : 2634-33-5
EC No. : 220-120-9

Synonyms:
Nipacide bit as 20; Nipacide bitas20; Nipacid bit as 20; Nipasid bit as 20; Nipasit bit as 20; BIT; Benzisothiazolinone (BIT); benzoisothiazol-3-one; 1,2-benzoisothiazolin-3-one; 1,2-Benzisothiazolone; Caswell No. 079A; Caswell No. 513A; C7H5NOS; UNII-HRA0F1A4R3; CCRIS 6369; 3-Hydroxy-1,2-benzisothiazole; IPX; CHEBI:167099; EINECS 220-120-9; EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 098901; HRA0F1A4R3; 1,2-Benzoisothiazoline-3-one; 2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-1,2-benzisothiazole; MLS-0254244.0001; Benzo(d)isothiazol-3(2H)-one; Benzisothiazolin-3-one; Benzocil; Acticide BIT; Canguard BIT; Denicide BIT; Proxel BD; Proxel CF; Proxel TN; Proxel XL; Proxel BDN; Proxel GXL; Proxel Ultra 5; San-aibac AP; Proxel LV-S; Proxel Press Paste; Apizas AP-DS; Acticide BW 20; Bestcide 200K; Nipacide BIT 20; Parmetol B 70; Parmetol D 11; Proxel GXL(S); Proxel HL 2; Nuosept 485; Nuosept 491; Nuosept 495; Topcide 600; XBINX; Denicide BIT 20N; Koralone B 119; Nipacide BIT 10W; Preventol BIT 20D; Proxel BD 20; Proxel Press Paste D; Troysan 1050; Bioban BIT 20DPG; 1,2-benzisothiazole-3(2h)-one; benzisothiazoline-3-one; Canguard BIT 20DPG; SD 202 (bactericide); Canguard Ultra BIT 20LE; 1,2-Benzoisothiazol-3-one; BIT 10W; BIT 20; 2-Thiobenzimide; 2,3-Dihydrobenzisothiazol-3-one; SD 202; 1,2-Benzothiazolinone; PubChem15685; Benzisothiazolone (BIT); ACMC-209u7v; Epitope ID:115004; Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one; 1,2-BENZISOTHAZOL-3(2H)-ONE; 1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one, 97%; BIOCIDE FOR IN-CAN PRESERVATION; Nipacide CI 15; Nipacide CFX 3; NIPACIDE BIT 20; NIPACIDE BIT AS 20; NIPACIDE BIT; NIPACIDE PC; NIPACIDE PX; NIPACIDE OPP; NIPACIDE SOPP; NIPACIDE FC; NIPACIDE CI; nipacide bit 20; nipacide bit as 20; nipacide bit; nipacide pc; nipacide px; nipacide opp; nipacide sopp; nipacide fc; nipacide ci; nipacide; 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one; Benzisothiazolinone; Benzisothiazolin-3-one; Benzisothiazolone; 1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one; 2634-33-5; 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one; 1,2-benzothiazol-3-one; benzisothiazolone; Benzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one; benzisothiazolinone; Benzo[d]isothiazol-3-one; Proxel; 1,2-Benzisothiazoline-3-one; Proxel PL; 1,2-BENZISOTHIAZOL-3-ONE; 1,2-benzisothiazolinone; Nipacide BIT; Proxel AB; Benzo[d]isothiazol-3-ol; 2,3-dihydro-1,2-benzothiazol-3-one; Proxel XL 2

Nipacide BIT AS 20

Nipacide BIT AS 20 is an in-can biocide based on BIT.

Benefits of Nipacide BIT AS 20
VOC free
formaldehyde-free
pH stable from 2-12
temperature stable up to 100°C
FDA approved for various applications
bactericide
fungicide

Technical Data of Nipacide BIT AS 20
Product class   Benzisothiazolinone (BIT)
Physical Form   Dispersion
Active content (ca.)    20%
pH stability   2 - 12
Temperature stability    40°C
Recommended Use Levels    0.1 - 0.25%
Regulations and approvals:   FDA 21 CFR 175.105 Adhesives
FDA 21 CFR 176.170 Components of paperboard in contact with aqueous and fatty foods
FDA 21 CFR 176.180 Components of paper and paperboard in contact with dry food.

Application of Nipacide BIT AS 20
Nipacide BIT AS 20 is recommended for preservation of a wide range of applications including:

Water-based, casein, animal bone based and PVA adhesives
Polymer emulsions including, SBR latex, Polyvinyl acetate and acrylic
Water-based decorative paints
Metal working fluids
Calcium Carbonate and Kaolin mineral slurries
Concrete add-mixtures

Nipacide BIT AS 20 is a formaldehyde-free, in-can biocide based on benzisothiazolinone (BIT). It is an FDA approved, glycol-based solution exhibiting low toxicity. Effective against a wide range of microorganisms including gram positive & gram negative bacteria, yeast and fungi. It can be used over a wide pH and temperature range. Developed for the complete in-can protection of water-based decorative paints. Recommended usage level of Nipacide BIT AS 20 is 0.1 - 0.25%.

Nipacide BIT AS 20 is a low toxicity biocide specifically developed for the complete microbiological protection of water based products against bacterial and fungal spoilage in the wet state. Nipacide BIT AS 20 is a water based free flowing dispersion. This product is recommended for a wide range of applications including adhesives, polymer emulsions, fountain solutions, MWF and paint where protection against fungi and bacteria is required in the wet state.

Nipacide BIT AS 20 is an in-can biocide based on BIT. Nipacide BIT AS 20 is a stable, free flowing 20% aqueous dispersion of 1,2-benzisothiazolinone and is a low toxicity biocide developed for the complete in-can protection of water based products. Nipacide BIT AS 20 is effective against a wide range of microorganisms including gram positive and gram negative bacteria, yeast and fungi. Nipacide BIT AS 20 should be the biocide of choice for products with pH >8 and production temperatures of >40 C.

Identification & Functionality of Nipacide BIT AS 20

CASE Ingredients Functions
Anti-Fouling Agents
Antimicrobial Agents
Biocides

Nipacide BIT AS 20 is recommended for a wide range of applications including adhesives, polymer emulsions, fountain solutions, MWF and paint where protection against fungi and bacteria is required in the wet state.

Nipacide BIT AS 20 (BIT) is a organic compound with the formula C6H4SN(H)CO. A white solid, it is structurally related to isothiazole. Nipacide BIT AS 20 is widely used as a preservative and antimicrobial.

Usage of Nipacide BIT AS 20
Nipacide BIT AS 20 has a microbicide and a fungicide mode of action. It is widely used as a preservative, for example in:

emulsion paints, caulks, varnishes, adhesives, inks, and photographic processing solutions
home cleaning and car care products; laundry detergents, stain removers and fabric softeners;
industrial settings, for example in textile spin-finish solutions, leather processing solutions, preservation of fresh animal hides and skins
agriculture in pesticide formulations
gas and oil drilling in muds and packer fluids preservation.

In paints, it is commonly used alone or as a mixture with methylisothiazolinone. Typical concentrations in products are 200–400 ppm depending on the application area and the combination with other biocides. According to a study in Switzerland, 19% of the paints, varnishes and coatings contained Nipacide BIT AS 20 in 2000. The fraction in adhesives, sealants, plasters and fillers was shown at that time as 25%. A later study in 2014 shows a dramatic rise in usage, to 95.8% of house paints

Health hazards of Nipacide BIT AS 20
Given sufficient dose and duration, dermal exposure can produce skin sensitization and allergic contact dermatitis, and is classified as an irritant for skin and eyes. Nipacide BIT AS 20 has also been linked with Systemic Contact Dermatitis via airborne contact.

In 2012, the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety in Europe found Nipacide BIT AS 20's "sensitising potential is of concern...Sensitisation from related isothiazolinones is an important problem in consumers. This has occurred because there has been consumer exposure before safe levels of exposure relevant to sensitisation have been established. Nipacide BIT AS 20 is a skin sensitiser in animal models with potency similar to methylisothiazolinone. Methylisothiazolinone, at 100 ppm (0.01%) in cosmetic products is causing contact allergy and allergic contact dermatitis in the consumer. Nipacide BIT AS 20 is known to be a sensitiser in man and has induced sensitisation at circa 20 ppm in gloves."

The opinion further states: "There is no information on what may be safe levels of exposure to Nipacide BIT AS 20 in cosmetic products from the point of view of sensitisation. Until safe levels of exposure have been established, the use of Nipacide BIT AS 20 in cosmetic products as a preservative or for other functions cannot be considered safe in relation to sensitisation."

Later, in 2013, researchers published a study that set out to derive the highest concentration of Nipacide BIT AS 20 in certain consumer products that would result in exposures below the No Expected Sensitization Induction Level (NESIL); that is, where normal use would yield a dose below the level at which skin sensitization might occur. The products under consideration were sunscreen, laundry detergent, dish soap, and spray cleaner; by way of calculation they derived Nipacide BIT AS 20 NESILs of 0.0075%, 0.035%, 0.035%, 0.021%, respectively. They then performed a pilot examination via bulk sample analysis of one representative product from each category labelled as containing Nipacide BIT AS 20. Their findings showed all Nipacide BIT AS 20 concentrations well below the derived NESIL, with 0.0009% and 0.0027% for sunscreen and dish soap, respectively, and no detection in the laundry detergent and spray cleaner products, meaning the concentration was at or below the limit of detection of 0.0006%.

Nipacide BIT AS 20 is an antimicrobial and preservative chemical used in a wide variety of applications, such as cleaning and building products. It may be in the form of a white to yellow powder or liquid. While many uses of the chemical are approved by the federal government, it can cause allergic reactions in some individuals and is considered an ingredient of concern by many healthy products sources.

Product Description
Nipacide BIT AS 20 is an in-can biocide based on BIT.

Nipacide BIT AS 20 is a glycol based solution; low toxicity biocide developed for the complete in-can protection of water based products. Nipacide BIT AS 20 is effective against a wide range of microorganisms including gram positive and gram negative bacteria, yeast and fungi.

Nipacide BIT AS 20 can be used over a wide pH and temperature range. Nipacide BIT AS 20 should be the biocide of choice for products with pH >8 and production temperatures of >40 C.

Nipacide BIT AS 20 DPG is a formaldehyde-free, in-can biocide based on BIT (benzisothiazolinone). It is an FDA approved, glycol-based solution exhibiting low toxicity. Effective against a wide range of microorganisms including gram positive & gram negative bacteria, yeast and fungi. It can be used over a wide pH and temperature range. Developed for the complete in-can protection of water-based decorative paints. Recommended use level of Nipacide BIT AS 20 DPG is 0.1 - 0.25%.

Nipacide BIT AS 20 is an in-can biocide based on BIT. Nipacide BIT AS 20 is a glycol based solution; low toxicity biocide developed for the complete in-can protection of water based products. Nipacide BIT AS 20 is effective against a wide range of microorganisms including gram positive and gram negative bacteria, yeast and fungi. Nipacide BIT AS 20 can be used over a wide pH and temperature range. Nipacide BIT AS 20 should be the biocide of choice for products with pH >8 and production temperatures of >40 C.

Nipacide BIT AS 20 is a glycol based solution; low toxicity biocide developed for the
complete in-can protection of water based products. Nipacide BIT AS 20 is effective against
a wide range of microorganisms including gram positive and gram negative bacteria,
yeast and fungi. Microorganisms grow at a rapid rate and without use of the correct
biocide, numbers can increase dramatically.

What Is Nipacide BIT AS 20?
Nipacide BIT AS 20, also called BIT, is an off-white to yellowish liquid antimicrobial substance.

What Does Nipacide BIT AS 20 Do in Our products?
Nipacide BIT AS 20 is a preservative, but it is also a disinfectant used in the film, fiber, leather, masonry, metalworking, and embalming industries. However, it is also found in liquid hand soap and sunscreen. It dissolves in water and is used in water-based solutions, such as pastes, paints, and oils.

Why Puracy Uses Nipacide BIT AS 20
We use Nipacide BIT AS 20 in several of our products as a biodegradable preservative that is a better alternative to formaldehyde, methylisothiazolinone, and medium-chain triglycerides. The Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety considers the ingredient safe when used as a preservative up to 0.01% in cosmetics. Whole Foods has deemed the ingredient acceptable in its body care and cleaning product quality standards. In addition, research shows the ingredient is not a strong skin irritant in skin cream up to 100ppm.

How Nipacide BIT AS 20 Is Made
There are three common methods for making Nipacide BIT AS 20. The first involves reacting 2-halogenothiobenzoyl halide with a primary amine to obtain an N-substituted BIT. The 2-halogenothiobenzoyl halide is typically made by cleaving the disulphide bond of 2,2'-dithio-bis-benzoic acid with halogen and simultaneously or sequentially converting the carboxylic acid groups to acid halides. A second method involves cyclising 2-halogenothiobenzamide in the presence of acid or alkali. The 2-halogenothiobenzamide typically comes from converting 2,2'-dithio-bis- benzoic acid to bisamide and then cleaving the disulphide bond with halogen. The third method is to heat 2,2'-dithio-bis-benzamides in the presence of a sodium hydroxide solution. Another method is to disproportion bisamide in alkali in the presence of oxygen or an oxygen-release agent.

IDENTIFICATION: Nipacide BIT AS 20 is an off-white to yellowish solid or a white to off-white fine, crystalline powder. It can also be an off-white to brown paste. It is moderately soluble in water. USE: Nipacide BIT AS 20 is used as a preservative and antimicrobial agent in industrial and consumer products such as cosmetics and paints. It is also an ingredient in some fungicides, microbiocides, disinfectants and pesticides. Benzisothiazolinone is used as a slimicide in the manufacture of powder-free polyvinyl gloves. It is a component of air fresheners, printer inks, household cleaners and laundry products. EXPOSURE: Workers can be exposed to Nipacide BIT AS 20 from breathing in vapors and mists or by skin contact when producing or using this chemical. The general population may be exposed by breathing in vapors or mists and by dermal contact with consumer products such as cosmetics. If Nipacide BIT AS 20 is released to air, it will be broken down slowly by reaction with other chemicals and light. Nipacide BIT AS 20 released to air will also be in the form of particles that eventually fall to the ground. If released to water or soil, it is not expected to bind to soil particles or suspended particles. Nipacide BIT AS 20 is expected to move through soil.

Nipacide BIT AS 20 is not expected to move into air from wet soils or water surfaces. Nipacide BIT AS 20 is expected to be broken down by microorganisms but this depends on the amount of the chemical. It may not build up in tissues of aquatic organisms. RISK: Skin irritation has been reported in humans following direct skin contact with industrial or consumer products containing Nipacide BIT AS 20. Allergic skin reactions have been reported in some individuals that use powder-free polyvinyl gloves containing Nipacide BIT AS 20. No other information about potential health effects in humans exposed to Nipacide BIT AS 20 was located. Severe eye irritation was observed in laboratory animals with direct eye exposure. Decreased body weight, vomiting, damage to the lining of the stomach, and changes in blood chemistry were observed in laboratory animals exposed to a moderate oral doses of Nipacide BIT AS 20 over time. No evidence of infertility, abortions or birth defects was observed in laboratory animals orally exposed to Nipacide BIT AS 20 or during pregnancy. Slight delays in bone development were observed in offspring, but only at high doses that caused toxic effects in the pregnant animals (decreased body weight gain, labored breathing, stomach effects). The potential for Nipacide BIT AS 20 to cause cancer has not been examined in laboratory animals. The potential for Nipacide BIT AS 20 to cause cancer in humans has not been assessed by the U.S. EPA IRIS program, the International Agency for Research on Cancer, or the U.S. National Toxicology Program 13th Report on Carcinogens.

Nipacide BIT AS 20's production and use as a preservative and antimicrobial agent in industrial and consumer products such as cosmetics and paints may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. Its use as a fungicide, microbicide, and disinfectant and as an inert ingredient in pesticide products will result in its direct release to the environment. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 2.78X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates Nipacide BIT AS 20 will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase Nipacide BIT AS 20 will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 23 days. Particulate-phase Nipacide BIT AS 20 will be removed from the atmosphere by wet and dry depostion. Nipacide BIT AS 20 is susceptible to photolysis under aqueous conditions and may photodegrade under other environmental conditions. If released to soil, Nipacide BIT AS 20 is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 34. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5X10-10 atm-cu m/mole.

Nipacide BIT AS 20 is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Nipacide BIT AS 20 is reported to readily biodegrade in soil. Results of an aerobic study found a half-life of less than 24 hours in a sandy loam soil. Nipacide BIT AS 20 is a biocide, and a 0% theoretical BOD in the Japanese MITI suggests that the compound may be toxic to microorganisms at high concentrations. If released into water, Nipacide BIT AS 20 is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one has been shown to be hydrolytically stable with a hydrolysis half life of >30 days. Occupational exposure to Nipacide BIT AS 20 may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where Nipacide BIT AS 20 is produced or used. Monitoring and use data indicate that the general population may be exposed to Nipacide BIT AS 20 via inhalation of air near consumer products and dermal contact with consumer products, such as cosmetics and paints, containing Nipacide BIT AS 20.

Cleaning Uses of Nipacide BIT AS 20
Nipacide BIT AS 20 is used in many types of cleaning products, including laundry detergents, air fresheners, fabric softeners, stain removers, dish detergents, stainless steel cleaners, and more. It is used at a rate of 0.10 percent to 0.30 percent (by weight) when added to laundry and household cleaning products, according to the EPA document, "Registration Eligibility Decision (RED) for Benzisothiazoline-3-one." Also, it is important to point out that Nipacide BIT AS 20 is often used in many cleaning products in conjunction with methylisothiazolinone, a synthetic preservative that has raised some health concerns.

Other Uses
In addition to cleaning products, Nipacide BIT AS 20 has a wide range of other applications. It can be found in flea and tick treatments, paints, stains, car care products, textile solutions, metalworking fluids, oil recovery fluids, leather processing chemicals, pesticides, and paper mill systems. It is also used in building products, such as adhesives, caulks, sealants, grouts, spackle, and wallboard. In addition, Nipacide BIT AS 20 is commonly used in personal care products, like sunscreen and liquid hand soap, and as an inert ingredient on crops, such as blueberries, strawberries, tomatoes, spinach, lettuce, and more.

Product Brands Containing Nipacide BIT AS 20
There are three public sources for updated lists of products containing Nipacide BIT AS 20:

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Household Products Database
Environmental Working Group's (EWG) Guide to Healthy Cleaning
Skin Deep Cosmetic Database (EWG)
Regulation
When Nipacide BIT AS 20 is used in personal care preparations or applications that come into contact with food, it is monitored by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). For other uses, such as pesticides and cleaning products, it is monitored by the EPA.

Health and Safety
In 2005, Nipacide BIT AS 20 underwent a review process by the EPA to determine its reregistration eligibility for use in a range of products and applications. After considering the overall information on its toxicity, uses, and environmental effects, the EPA concluded that it posed no harm to the population. However, that doesn't mean no health effects were found at all.

Also, the EPA found that the amount of Nipacide BIT AS 20 being used in flea and tick products was a concern for children, so it specified a limited allowable amount in those products.

Environmental Effects
This chemical quickly biodegrades and there is "minimal environmental exposure" according to the EPA in its 2005 review of the chemical. However, the EPA also notes that there is evidence for Nipacide BIT AS 20 being toxic to aquatic life when it is used in oil-recovery fluids. This indicates that some applications for this chemical should be restricted or prohibited.

Green Alternatives
There are plenty of green products that don't use Nipacide BIT AS 20 as a preservative or antimicrobial. This may be the best option if you are concerned about the potential for allergy interactions or other health or environmental effects. Good Guide is one source for identifying green products that do not contain Nipacide BIT AS 20 or other potentially harmful chemicals. Carefully read ingredient labels and product reviews to ensure you know what you're getting.

Buffers & pH Stabilizers
Fungicides
Technologies
CASE Ingredients
Product Families
CASE Ingredients — Additives
Functional Additives
Microbial Control & Preservation

Features & Benefits of Nipacide BIT AS 20
Labeling Claims
Formaldehyde-free
Low VOC

CASE Ingredients Features of Nipacide BIT AS 20
Low Toxicity
Other Features

Benefits of Nipacide BIT AS 20
VOC free
formaldehyde-free
pH stable from 2-12
temperature stable up to 100°C
FDA approved for various applications
bactericide
fungicide

Applications & Uses of Nipacide BIT AS 20
Markets
Adhesives & Sealants
Building & Construction
Consumer Goods
Industrial
Paints & Coatings
Printing & Packaging

Applications of Nipacide BIT AS 20
Adhesives & Sealants — Packaging & Paper
Case & Carton Sealing
Flexible Packaging Adhesives
Adhesives & Sealants — Industrial & Assembly Adhesives
Textile & Footwear Adhesives
Coating Type
Waterborne
Use Level
0.1 - 0.25

Properties of Nipacide BIT AS 20
Physical Form
Liquid

Until safe levels of exposure have been established, the use of Nipacide BIT AS 20 in cosmetic products as a preservative or for other functions cannot be considered safe in relation to sensitisation.

The US EPA reports Nipacide BIT AS 20 is a moderate skin sensitizer.

Nipacide BIT AS 20 is a contact allergen with the guinea pig maximization (Magnusson Kligman) test indicating BIT as a moderate sensitiser, as does the LLNA with an EC3 of 2.3% for BIT. Since the human in-use study provided by the applicant included a low number of subjects, only limited conclusions could be drawn. Therefore, the SCCS conducted a literature search on the sensitising potential of Nipacide BIT AS 20 in humans. From the dermatological literature case reports describe allergic contact dermatitis to Nipacide BIT AS 20. It is a well-documented contact allergen. However, its potency is lower than other marketed cosmetic preservatives, and the irritancy profile makes it a difficult contact allergen to test with.

Nipacide BIT AS 20 is widely used in industry as a preservative in water-based solutions such as pastes, paints and cutting oils. Occupational dermatitis has been reported mainly due to cutting fluids, paint manufacture, pottery mould-makers, acrylic emulsions manufacture, printers, paper makers etc. which contain Nipacide BIT AS 20.

Moreover, Nipacide BIT AS 20 is used as a slimicide in the manufacture of disposable powder-free polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gloves. Of 31 glove brands studied 9 (30%) contained 3–26 ppm Nipacide BIT AS 20. Individuals wearing such gloves developed allergic contact dermatitis. A concentration of 20 ppm Nipacide BIT AS 20 in a glove seems to be enough for sensitization.