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SODIUM FORMALDEHYDE SULFOXYLATE

SODIUM FORMALDEHYDE SULFOXYLATE = RONGALITE


CAS NUMBER: 6035-47-8

EC NUMBER: 205-739-4

MOLECULAR FORMULA: CH7NaO5S

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 154.12


Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is a white solid chemical, soluble in water.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is generally used as an industrial bleaching agent for textiles, molasses, and soaps. 
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate also has a niche use as a water conditioner, reducing the amount of chlorine, and in pharmaceuticals as an antioxidant.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate  is a chemical compound with the molecular formula Na+HOCH2SO2−. 
This salt has many additional names, including Rongalit, sodium hydroxymethylsulfinate, sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, and Bruggolite. 

Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is listed in the European Cosmetics Directive as sodium oxymethylene sulfoxylate (INCI). 
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is water-soluble and generally sold as the dihydrate. 
The compound and its derivatives are widely used in the dye industry.
Hydroxymethanesulfinic acid is an organic acid. 
Sodium salt of hydroxymethanesulfinic acid (rongalite) is widely used in organic synthesis. 

Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate can be used as a reducing agent for elemental selenium and tellurium, diselenides, α‐halo ketones, and aromatic aldehydes; yields symmetrical sulfones with primary halides and with Michael acceptors.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is a very strong reducing agent, and can be used to destroy a lot of dyes.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, a small sulfur-containing molecule with a propensity to give away its electrons (i.e. a strong reducing agent), has many names and many uses. 
One of its aliases, rongalite, comes from “rongeage", a French word meaning discharge. 

Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate refers to the industrial use of the molecule as a bleaching agent to remove colour from textiles (e.g. to create a white design on a dyed background) and other materials (e.g. to clear up discoloured sugar juice squeezed from plants). 
Due to its bleaching ability, sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is also found in commercial products for removing or correcting hair dye colour.
In the early 20th century, sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate was identified as an antidote for acute mercury poisoning (e.g. a one time ingestion of a bunch of corrosive mercuric chloride). 
An intense treatment regimen from 1942 called for immediately swallowing a bunch of it, injecting it into a vein, irrigating the colon with it twice daily, swallowing and injecting a bunch more of it twice a day for two days, and rising the mouth out with it. 
Even with this effort, the antidote was eventually determined to only be effective if administered immediately (i.e. within minutes) after mercury exposure, which isn't at all practical in most poisoning cases. 
Presumably Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate worked by adding electrons to mercury cations in the stomach and intestines, reducing them to the less harmful elemental form of the metal.
In the 1930s, sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate was demonstrated to be capable of curing mice intentionally infected with disease-causing bacteria. 

Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate's unstable in water or aqueous solutions (like, say, body fluids), decomposing to produce formaldehyde and a bunch of sulfur compounds (sodium sulfite, sodium sulfide, sulfur dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide). 
Formaldehyde is really good at killing things, so at first glance it appears to be responsible for the curative effect. 
However, sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate only ended up working against one of the thirty two types of bacteria tested, so there was probably something else going on.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate has also seen use as a photographic developer and as a relatively environmentally friendly reagent for adding sulfur+oxygen groups to various organic molecules and doing other useful chemical synthesis stuff.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is an etching and reducing agent for use in drop printing

Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is used in direct printing and in a two-stage process with cube dyestuffs.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate makes Discharge printing on dyed cellulosic fabrics.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is used as a reducing agent in boat painting, in redox polymerization initiator systems and in the conditioning of aquarium water.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is a color discharge printing agent for cotton and synthetic fabrics.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate provides unmatched versatility on both cotton and synthetics due to its exceptional stability over long periods and high compatibility with a variety of printing systems.

Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is also a polymerization initiator.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is the sodium salt of formaldehyde sulfoxylic acid. 
When pure, the two molecules crystallize with water and have the formula: OHCH2.SO2.Na.2H2O.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is a very strong reducer. Normally, the resulting product is unstable in the presence of acids and strong alkalis and decomposes slowly in the presence of thiosulfates, sulfides and free sulfur, forming atmospheric oxygen, which reacts with formaldehyde to form products with a strong garlic-like odour. 
Decomposition can be easily detected by this strong specific garlic-like odor.

Preparation of sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate by reduction of formaldehyde bisulfite with zinc powder and acetic acid Ber. 38, 1076; 1905. 
The technical product as used in the sin trade occurs as white irregular lumps and is said to be stabilized by the addition of excess formaldehyde and excess alkali (sodium hydroxide).
Therefore, the technical product is considered to be more stable than the pure crystalline product.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is an etching and reducing agent for use in discharge printing.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is used in direct printing and in a two-stage process with vat dyes.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is used for Discharge printing on dyed cellulosic fabrics.

Chemical Character: Sulfinic acid derivative
Physical form: White powder
Shelf Life: 24 months in unopened original packaging and in good conditions.
Opened containers should be used as soon as possible and properly resealed after use.

Avoid humid conditions and should not be stored with oxidizing agents or acids.
Storage note Since the product is hygroscopic, the product should be stored in dry, acid-free and not too hot conditions.
Remove from containers with dry equipment (eg Buckets).
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is a concentrated reducing agent used as a redox catalyst in the emulsion polymerization of many synthetic rubbers.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is also widely used for reductive cleaning of disperse dyed synthetic fibers.

USES:

The original use of the compound was as industrial bleaching agent and as a reducing agent for vat dyeing.
Another large-scale use is as a reducing agent in redox-initiator systems for emulsion polymerization. 
One of the typical redox pair examples is t-butyl peroxide. 
A niche use is its use as water conditioner for aquaria as Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate rapidly reduces chlorine and chloramine and reacts with ammonia to form the innocuous aminomethylsulfinate ion.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is also used as an antioxidant in pharmaceutical formulation.
The compound has been used increasingly in commercial cosmetic hair dye colour removers despite the generation of formaldehyde, a known human carcinogen.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate has a variety of specialized applications in organic synthesis.


-TEXTILES:

Used as a colour discharge printing agent on cotton and synthetic fabrics.


-PHARMACEUTICALS:

Used as a stabilizer / antioxidant in a wide range of drug formulations.


-POLYMER:

Used as a redox catalyst in emulsion polymerisation process for manufacturing ABS, SBR, X-SBR, NBR, CR, PVC-latices, PVA, EVCL, PCE, Vinyl Acrylate and Styrene Acetate.


PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATION:

Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is a water-soluble antioxidant and is generally used as the dihydrate. 
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is used in the formulation of injection products at a level of up to 0.1% w/v in the final preparation administered to the patient.

FIELD OF APPLICATION:

As a discharge agent in textile printing, as redox catalyst in polymerisation process for manufacturing polymer and as an antioxidant in drug formulations.


PROPERTIES:

-Soluble in water.
-Provides a unique versatility of printing on both cotton and synthetics due to the exceptional stability over long periods and high compatibility with various print systems.
-Excellent production due to strong reduction power.
-Excellent definition of Discharge prints.


PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Chemical formula: CH3NaO3S
-Molar mass: 118.10 g/mol
-Appearance: colorless crystals
-Density: 1.75 g/cm3, dihydrate
-Melting point: 64.5 °C (148.1 °F; 337.6 K) dihydrate
-Solubility in water: 600 g/L, dihydrate (approx.)
-Acidity (pKa): Decomposes at low pH

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

When freshly prepared, sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate occurs as white, odorless crystals, which quickly develop a characteristic garlic odor on standing.


SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS:

This reaction proceeds quantitatively, such that dithionite can be determined by Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylates conversion to Rongalite, which is far less O2-sensitive and thus easier to handle.
The hydroxymethanesulfinate ion is unstable in solution towards decomposition to formaldehyde and sulfite. 
Addition of at least one equivalent of formaldehyde pushes the equilibrium towards the side of the adduct and reacts further to give the bis-(hydroxymethyl)sulfone. Such solutions are shelf-stable indefinitely.
Sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate was originally developed in the early 20th century for the textile industry as a shelf-stable source of sulfoxylate ion, where the latter can be generated at will. 

In use, when sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate is made acidic, the reducing sulfoxylate ion and formaldehyde are released in equimolar amounts. 
For safety reasons the generation of formaldehyde must be taken into consideration when used industrially.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate can essentially be considered to be a source of SO22−. 
As such Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is used both as a reducing agent and as a reagent to introduce SO2 groups into organic molecules. 
Treatment of elemental Se and Te with NaHOCH2SO2 gives solutions containing the corresponding Na2Sex and Na2Tex, where x is approximately 2. As a nucleophile, NaHOCH2SO2 reacts with alkylating agents to give sulfones.


STORAGE:

Store in well-closed, light-resistant containers at controlled room temperature (15–30℃).


SYNONYM:

Hydroxymethanesulfinic acid monosodium salt dihydrate
NCGC00166400-01
DSSTox_CID_28956
DSSTox_RID_83221
DSSTox_GSID_49030
CHEMBL3188745
DTXSID4049030
sodium;sulfinomethanolate;dihydrate
Tox21_113558

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