PRODUCTS

TALL OIL FATTY ACID

TALL OIL FATTY ACID = LIQUID ROSIN = TALLOL

CAS NUMBER: 61790-12-3

Tall Oil Fatty Acid (TOFA) also known as “liquid rosin” or tallol, is a low cost, viscous yellow-black odorous liquid chemical compound that is a product of crude tall oil vacuum distillation.
Tall Oil Fatty Acid is a member of the product family Oleic Acid.
Tall oil, also called "liquid rosin" or tallol, is a viscous yellow-black odorous liquid obtained as a by-product of the Kraft process of wood pulp manufacture when pulping mainly coniferous trees.

The name originated as an anglicization of the Swedish "tallolja" ("pine oil").
Tall oil is the third largest chemical by-product in a Kraft mill after lignin and hemicellulose; the yield of crude tall oil from the process is in the range of 30–50 kg / ton pulp.
Tall Oil Fatty Acid may contribute to 1.0–1.5% of the mill's revenue if not used internally.
Tall Oil Fatty Acid is a low-cost and vegetarian lifestyle-friendly alternative to tallow fatty acids for production of soaps and lubricants.
When esterified with pentaerythritol, Citrus Terpenes is used as a compound of adhesives and oil-based varnishes.
When reacted with amines, polyamidoamines are produced which may be used as epoxy resin curing agents.

Tall oil, also called liquid rosin or tallol, is a viscous yellow-black odorous liquid obtained as a by-product of the kraft process of wood pulp manufacture when pulping mainly coniferous trees.
The name originated as an anglicization of the Swedish tallolja ("pine oil").
Tall oil is the third largest chemical by-product in a kraft mill after lignin and hemicellulose; the yield of crude tall oil from the process is in the range of 30–50 kg / ton pulp.

Tall Oil Fatty Acid may contribute to 1.0–1.5% of the mill's revenue if not used internally.
Tall Oil Fatty Acid (TOFA) is Forchem’s classic Tall Oil (CTO) product that is very pure fatty acid with a low level of rosin acids and a low level of unsaponifiables through our optimum distillation process.
Tall Oil Fatty Acid is used to satisfy the demands of today’s environmentally aware consumers and global markets.

Tall oil fatty acid (TOFA) can be obtained, which is cheap, consists mostly of oleic acid, and is a source of volatile fatty acids.
Tall Oil Fatty Acid is a low-cost alternative to tallow fatty acids for production of soaps and lubricants, rubber, paper, soaps and detergents, printing inks, metalworking fluids, corrosion inhibitors and plasticizers.
When esterified with pentaerythritol, it is used as a compound of adhesives and oil-based varnishes.

Tall oil fatty acid is also used in oil drills as a component of drilling fluids.
Tall Oil Acid, a clear, pale yellow liquid, is a byproduct of wood pulp.
Ammonium Tallate, Potassium Tallate and Sodium Tallate are salts of Tall Oil Acid.
In cosmetics and personal care products, Tall Oil Acid and its salts may be used in hair dyes and bleaches, shampoos, skin cleansing preparations and shaving cream.
Tall Oil Acid and its salts clean skin and hair by helping water to mix with oil and dirt so that they can be rinsed away.
These ingredients also help to form emulsions by reducing the surface tension of the substances to be emulsified.

Tall Oil Acid is a mixture of fatty acids and rosin acids that is obtained from tall oil, a byproduct from the pulping of pine trees.
Ammonium Tallate, Potassium Tallate and Sodium Tallate are salts of Tall Oil Acid.
Tall oil fatty acid, commonly abbreviated as TOFA, is obtained as a by-product of the paper and pulp manufacturing process.
Pine trees along with other coniferous trees are the primary raw materials for this chemical.

Tall Oil Fatty Acid accounts for about 30% of the yield of crude tall oil after fractional distillation, while the rest of the products obtained are tall oil rosin (TOR), distilled tall oil (DTO), and pitch fuel.
Tall Oil Fatty Acid is further processed to produce intermediate chemicals.
These are used in various industries.

Composition of TOFA is skewed largely towards long chain fatty acids such as oleic acid and linoleic acid.
Demand for these products accounts for majority of applications of TOFA.
However, the composition of oleic acid and linoleic acid in TOFA varies with region to region, owing to the difference in climatic conditions and soil.

In terms of product types, the TOFA market can be segmented into oleic acid, linoleic acid, and others.
Oleic acid and linoleic acid account for more than 80% of Tall Oil Fatty Acid.
Tall oil fatty acid is primarily used in the production of intermediates such as alkyd resins, dimer acids, and fatty acid esters.
Alkyd resins account for the largest demand among all intermediates manufactured from TOFA.

Soaps & detergents, paints & coatings, plastic additives, fuel additives, lubricants, metal working fluids, and adhesives are some of the major end-use industries for Tall Oil Fatty Acid.
Soaps & detergents and coatings hold the largest market share of TOFA in terms of volume.

Tall oil fatty acid (TOFA) is a low cost unsaturated fatty acid (oleic acid) and is a source of low boiling point fatty acids widly used in synthetic lubricants industry.
Which have light in color and low in rosin, is a consistent, cost-effective, source of liquid fatty acid.
The utility of tall oil fatty acid can be found in the long carbon chain (C18) acid function of the carboxyl group (-COOH) or unsaturation of the double bonds.
Tall Oil Fatty Acid, light in color and low in rosin, is a consistent, cost-effective source of liquid fatty acid.
The utility of tall oil fatty acid can be found in the long carbon chain (C18) acid function of the carboxyl group (-COOH) or unsaturation of the double bonds.

This tall oil fatty acid has found use in the production of: metalworking fluids, lubricant additives, alkyd resins, oil field chemicals, asphalt emulsifiers, specialty industrial and household cleaners, plasticizers, and textile drawing lubricants.

Tall Oil Fatty Acid provides a combination of light color, exceptional color stability, and good air-drying characteristics.
Because of its higher degree of unsaturation compared to soybean-derived fatty acids, it is an excellent intermediate fatty acid for the manufacture of dimer acids.
The light color and low rosin content of SYLFATTM FA2 make it suitable for the production of surfactants.
Overall, Tall Oil Fatty Acid provides better properties to alkyd resins than soybean or linseed-derived fatty acids.
Tall Oil Fatty Acid has found use in the areas of specialty industrial and household cleaners, plasticizers for rubber products, alkyd resins and textiles.

Tall oil fatty acid (TOFA) is created by the reduction of tall oil rosin and its derivatives are used in the manufacturing of rubber, paper, soaps and detergents, printing inks, metalworking fluids, corrosion inhibitors and plasticizers.
Tall Oil fatty acids are useful in a wide range of industrial applications including fuel additives, alkyd resins, dimer acids, surfactants, cleaners, oil field chemicals, lubricant esters and other chemical derivatives.
The use of these product ranges can be found in the long carbon chain (C18), the acid function of the carboxyl group (COOH) and the unsaturation of the double bonds.

Tall oil fatty acids (TOFA) have high fatty acid content, low content of rosin acids and unsaponifiables.
Tall oil fatty acid is an ideal raw material for many chemical reactions and intermediates.
The most common applications for Tall oil fatty acid are paints and coatings, biolubricants, fuel additives and performance polymer.
Tall Oil Fatty Acid is a member of the product family Oleic Acid.

Tall oil fatty acids are sold in markets that use them in raw form and as precursors to synthesize an array of products.
TOFA derivatives include dimers, alkyds, PVC stabilizers, synthetic lubricant polyamides, and a variety of oilfield chemicals.
Tall oil fatty acid (TOFA) is created by the reduction of tall oil rosin and its derivatives are used in the manufacturing of rubber, paper, soaps and detergents, printing inks, metalworking fluids, corrosion inhibitors and plasticizers.
Tall oil fatty acid is mainly used in the production of soap, both for cosmetic purposes and, in the case of metallic soaps, as lubricants.
Tall oil fatty acid is also converted, via their methyl esters, to fatty alcohols and fatty amines, which are precursors to surfactants, detergents, and lubricants.

Other applications include their use as emulsifiers, texturizing agents, wetting agents, anti-foam agents, or stabilizing agents.
Common applications of Tall Oil Fatty Acid are detergents, metalworking, petroleum production, dimers, and rubbers.
Tall Oil Fatty Acid is a tall oil fatty acid (TOFA) acting as a plasticizer in rubber to aid in processing.
Tall Oil Fatty Acid combines a long carbon chain (C18) of relatively high unsaturation with the acid functionality of a carboxyl group (-COOH).

Tall Oil Fatty Acid exhibits low viscosity, reactive poly-unsaturation and low saturated fatty acid- and bio-based content.
Tall Oil Fatty Acid is used in lubricant additives, specialty industrial and household cleaners, oilfield chemicals, asphalt emulsifiers, metalworking fluids, dimer acids and alkyd resins.

Tall Oil Fatty Acid shows compatibility with other liquid fatty acid and vegetable oils.
TOFA is an ideal raw material for many chemical reactions and intermediates.
The most common applications for TOFA are paints and coatings, biolubricants, fuel additives and performance polymer.

APPLICATION:

-The tall oil rosin finds use as a component of adhesives, rubbers, and inks, and as an emulsifier.
-The pitch is used as a binder in cement, an adhesive, and an emulsifier for asphalt.
-Tall oil fatty acid is used in for the production of metalworking fluids, high-quality dimer acids, esters, alkyd resins and flotation reagents
-Tall oil fatty acid is also used in several applications including cement & masonry, adhesives, papermaking, cleaning compounds, mining, printing, industrial & household cleaners.
-Tall oil fatty acids (TOFA) is a product obtained from crude tall oil primarily consists of fatty acids С18-С20 wit.
-Tall oil fatty acids (TOFA) is a complete substitute of fatty acids plant oil.
-Tall oil fatty acid (TOFA) is a low cost unsaturated fatty acid (oleic acid) and is a source of low boiling point fatty acids widly used in synthetic lubricants industry.
-Which have light in color and low in rosin, is a consistent, cost-effective, source of liquid fatty acid.
-The utility of tall oil fatty acid can be found in the long carbon chain (C18) acid function of the carboxyl group (-COOH) or unsaturation of the double bonds.

APPLICATION:

-Chemical manufacturing
-Esters, amides, amines, soaps
-CASE
-Alkyd resins, plasticizers
-Textiles
-Spinning lubricants
-Oilfield
-Emulsifiers and corrosion inhibitors for drilling muds
-Lubricants & metalworking
-Group IV base oils, corrosion inhibitors, defoamers
-Adhesives/sealants-B&C
-Commerical printing inks
-Paints & coatings
-Polymer modification
-Protective coatings

APPLICATION AND USES:

-alkyds and other protective coating resins
-chemical intermediates
-corrosion inhibitors
-defoamers
-emulsifiers
-epoxy resin esters
-metalworking fluid
-plasticizers
-printing ink
-rubber paper
-soaps & detergent
-synthetic detergents

USES:

Used for synthesis in the chemical industry, in the paints-lacquers-varnishes and paper-pulp-board industries, and as an intermediate; Also used in cosmetics (hair dyes and bleaches, shampoos, skin cleansers, and shaving creams) and is approved as an indirect food additive;

Used as an intermediate (chemical product, basic organic chemical, resin and synthetic rubber, soap and cleaning compound, and tire manufacturing), lubricant (chemical product and petroleum and coal product manufacturing), surface active agent (chemical product manufacturing, nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying, and textile and fabric finishing mills), flotation agent (chemical product and resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing), and corrosion inhibitor (petroleum and coal product manufacturing); Also used in agricultural products (non-pesticidal), glass and ceramic products, lubricants, greases, fuel additives, paints, coatings, paper products, fabrics, apparel, and detergents; Permitted for use as an inert ingredient in nnon-food pesticide products;

FEATURES AND BENEFITS:

-Tall oil fatty acid has a low titer value, high acid value, and high flash point.
-Tall oil fatty acid has excellent emulsifying properties.

MAIN USES:

-Lubricants
-Detergents, soaps and Esterquats
-Textile / fiber
-Printing ink
-Mining
-Adhesives

PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS:

-Low viscosity, liquid long fatty acid chain
-Low colour and good colour stability
-Monocarboxylic acid functionality
-Reactive polyunsaturation
-High iodine number but low in conjugation (contains pinolenic acid)
-100% bio-based content

MANUFACTURING:

-In the kraft process, high alkalinity and temperature convert the esters and carboxylic acids in rosin into soluble sodium soaps of lignin, rosin, and fatty acids.
-The spent cooking liquor is called weak black liquor and is about 15% dry content.
-The black liquor is concentrated in a multiple effect evaporator and after the first stage the black liquor is about 20–30%.
-At this stage Tall Oil Fatty Acid is called intermediate liquor. Normally the soaps start to float in the storage tank for the weak or intermediate liquors and are skimmed off and collected.
-A good soap skimming operation reduces the soap content of the black liquor down to 0.2–0.4% w/w of the dry residue.
-The collected soap is called raw rosin soap or rosinate.
-The raw rosin soap is then allowed to settle or is centrifuged to release as much as possible of the entrained black liquor.
-The soap skimming and acidulator operation can be improved by addition of flocculants.
-A flocculant will shorten the separation time and give a cleaner soap with lower viscosity.
-This makes the acidulator run smoother as well.
-Most pines give a soap yield of 5–25 kg/ton pulp, while Scots pine gives 20–50 kg/ton.
-Scots pine grown in northern Scandinavia give a yield of even more than 50 kg/ton.
-Globally about 2 mill ton/year of CTO are refined.

COMPOSITON:

-The composition of crude tall oil varies a great deal, depending on the type of wood used.
-A common quality measure for tall oil is acid number.
-With pure pines it is possible to have acid numbers in the range 160–165, while mills using a mix of softwoods and hardwoods might give acid numbers in the range of 125–135.
-Normally crude tall oil contains rosins, which contains resin acids (mainly abietic acid and its isomers), fatty acids (mainly palmitic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid) and fatty alcohols, unsaponifiable sterols (5–10%), some sterols, and other alkyl hydrocarbon derivates.
-By fractional distillation tall oil rosin is obtained, with rosin content reduced to 10–35%. By further reduction of the rosin content to 1–10%, tall oil fatty acid (TOFA) can be obtained, which is cheap, consists mostly of oleic acid, and is a source of volatile fatty acids.

OTHER PRODUCTS OF TOFA:

Extractives such as rosin and fatty acids are sometimes removed from the spent pulping liquor and processed into crude TOFA.
In Canada, most crude Tall Oil Fatty Acid is currently incinerated as fuel in the lime kilns of pulp mills to displace fossil fuel.
In the south eastern United States, where extractive content of the wood is much higher, Tall Oil Fatty Acid plants fractionate the crude TOFA into value-added components.

Processes have also been proposed to convert both the fatty and rosin acid components of the crude TOFA into green diesel fuel.
The processing of TOFA into a high-quality diesel additive has been researched in the laboratory and pilot scale.
The later studies included promising road tests by Canada Post Corporation. Given that many kraft pulp mills already collect these extractives, their future utilization for fuels will be based on competing economic considerations.

Fatty acids can be directly esterified by alcohols into diesel fuel, whereas the rosin acids can be converted by the “Super Cetane” hydrogenation proces developed in Canada.
Turpentine recovered from process condensates in Canadian mills is generally incinerated as fuel in one of the on-site boilers.
Processing Tall Oil Fatty Acid into consumer grade products is possible but, in many cases, Tall Oil Fatty Acid is more valuable as a fuel.

OTHER VEGETABLE OILS:

Crude Tall Oil Fatty Acid (CTO) is separated from black liquor in the kraft sulfate pulping of mainly coniferous trees, which store triglycerides, fatty acids, resin acids, sterols, and sterol esters as nutrients in the parenchyma cells, while the radial resin ducts contain resin acids and turpentine for the wound healing of bark breaches.
That is why pine balsam won by tapping is a source of rosin and terpenes but not of CTO.
The recovered black liquor is concentrated and left to settle.
The top layer is known as Tall Oil Fatty Acid soap and is skimmed off.
The rest is recycled for further use in paper making.

The soap is converted to CTO by acidulation with sulfuric acid.
CTO is not a fatty oil but is actually a mixture of five components with different boiling points, which are split by fractionation into heads (which boils first), then ‘TOFA fatty acids’ (TOFAs), distilled TOFA (DTO, a mixture of fatty and rosin acids), ‘TOFA rosin’ (TOR, a mixture of eight closely related rosin acids, i.e., abietic, neoabietic, palustric, levopimaric, dehydroabietic, pimaric, sandaracopimaric, and isopimaric acid), and pitch (the unsaponifiable residue).
Tall Oil Fatty Acid is mainly oleic acid. Furthermore, TOFAs contain unusual isomers, such as octadecadienoic acids with double bonds in the 5,9- and 5,12-positions.
Important applications of Tall Oil Fatty Acid are the manufacture of alkyd resins and dimer acids.

STORAGE:

-do not store in direct sunlight
-keep away from heat, sparks and open flame
-keep containers closed when not in use
-store at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure
-use care in handling/storage

CHARACTERISTICS:

-100% bio-based content
-Low viscosity, liquid long fatty acid (C18) chain
-Reactive polyunsaturation
-Light color and good color stability (based on grade)
-Low rosin content
-Good air drying properties

GRADE:

-Grades
-Low color
-Low sulfur
-0.5% to 3% rosin content

Tall Oil Fatty Acid is used in dimer acids, alkyd resins, oilfield chemicals, metalworking fluids, liquid cleaners, textile chemicals, fuel additives, construction chemicals, rubber and tire, metallic stabilizers, ore flotation, and fatty derivatives.
Tall Oil fatty acid, also known as TOFA, is derived from tall oil, which is a viscous, dark yellow, fragrant liquid. Tall oil (or tallol, tallolja – “pine oil” in Swedish), is obtained as a by-product of the kraft process (wood pulp transformation into paper) when the wood consists mainly of conifers.

SYNONYM:

5-(Tetradecyloxy)-2-furancarboxylic acid
5-Tetradecyloxy-2-furonic acid
2-Furancarboxylic acid, 5-(tetradecyloxy)-
UNII-BI12FRY055
RMI-14514
5-tetradecoxyfuran-2-carboxylic acid
AC-8632
5-(tetradecyloxy)furan-2-carboxylic acid
BI12FRY055

IUPAC NAME:

cobalt(2+); 3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoate
Disproportionated Tall Oil Fatty Acid
fatty acid, tall-oil
Fatty acids, tall oil
fatty acids, tall oil