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CAS NUMBER: 67-03-8
EC NUMBER: 200-641-8
MOLECULAR FORMULA: C12H17ClN4OS · HCl
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 337.27
Thiamine Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of thiamine (vitamin B1), a vitamin essential for aerobic metabolism, cell growth, transmission of nerve impulses and acetylcholine synthesis.
Thiamine Hydrochloride helps prevent various health problems including heart damage.
Thiamine hydrochloride is used to prevent and treat thiamine deficiency states, which may occur as a result of inadequate nutrition or intestinal malabsorption.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is also used for the treatment of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, beriberi and thiamine deficiency related to chronic alcoholism.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is used also as a food supplement and flavoring ingredient with a bitter taste.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of thiamine, a vitamin essential for aerobic metabolism, cell growth, transmission of nerve impulses and acetylcholine synthesis.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is phosphorylated by thiamine diphosphokinase to form active thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), also known as cocarboxylase.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is a coenzyme for many enzymatic activities involving fatty acid, amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism.
Thiamine hydrochloride is a hydrochloride obtained by combining thiamine chloride with one molar equivalent of hydrochloric acid.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is a vitamin B1 and a hydrochloride.
Thiamine Hydrochloride contains a thiamine(2+).
Thiamine Hydrochloride refers to several water soluble vitamins often found together in foods, all of which are necessary for normal growth and metabolism, but none of which are synthesized in adequate amounts by humans.
The common forms of vitamin B include Thiamine Hydrochloride (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin), B6 (pyridoxine) and B12 (cyanocobalamin).
Except for niacin (when given in high doses), there is no evidence that the other B vitamins, in physiologic or even super-physiologic high doses cause liver injury or jaundice.
Thiamine Hydrochloride and selected other water soluble vitamins (biotin, pantothenic acid, choline) are discussed briefly in this record.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is a water-soluble vitamin-B complex.
Structurally, Thiamine Hydrochloride possesses a five-membered thiazolium ring and a six-membered amino-pyrimidine ring connected by a methyl group.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is a vitamin found in food and manufactured as a dietary supplement and medication.
Food sources of thiamine include whole grains, legumes, and some meats and fish.
Grain processing removes much of the Thiamine Hydrochloride content, so in many countries cereals and flours are enriched with thiamine.
Supplements and medications are available to treat and prevent thiamine deficiency and disorders that result from Thiamine Hydrochloride, including beriberi and Wernicke encephalopathy.
Thiamine Hydrochlorides are typically taken by mouth, but may also be given by intravenous or intramuscular injection.
Thiamine Hydrochloride supplements are generally well tolerated.
Allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, may occur when repeated doses are given by injection.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is in the B complex family.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is an essential micronutrient, which cannot be made in the body.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is required for metabolism including that of glucose, amino acids, and lipids.
Thiamine Hydrochloride was discovered in 1897, was the first B vitamin to be isolated in 1926, and was first made in 1936.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is available as a generic medication, and as an over-the-counter drug.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is a colorless compound with the chemical formula C12H17N4OS.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol.
Thiamine Hydrochloride decomposes if heated.
Thiamine Hydrochloride was first discovered by Umetaro Suzuki in Japan when researching how rice bran cured patients of Beriberi.
Thiamine Hydrochloride plays a key role in intracellular glucose metabolism and Thiamine Hydrochloride is thought that thiamine inhibits the effect of glucose and insulin on arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation.
Thiamine Hydrochloride plays an important role in helping the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is essential for normal growth and development and helps to maintain proper functioning of the heart and the nervous and digestive systems.
Thiamine Hydrochloride cannot be stored in the body; however, once absorbed, the vitamin is concentrated in muscle tissue.
Thiamine Hydrochloride Injection, USP is a sterile solution of thiamine hydrochloride in Water for Injection for intramuscular (IM) or slow intravenous (IV) administration.
Each mL contains: Thiamine hydrochloride 100 mg; chlorobutanol anhydrous (chloral derivative) 0.5%; monothioglycerol 0.5%; Water for Injection q.s. Sodium hydroxide may have been added for pH adjustment.
Thiamine hydrochloride, or vitamin B1, occurs as white crystals or crystalline powder that usually has a slight characteristic odor.
Freely soluble in water; soluble in glycerin; slightly soluble in alcohol; insoluble in ether and benzene.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is rapidly destroyed in neutral or alkaline solutions but is stable in the dry state.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is reasonably stable to heat in acid solution.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is a white crystalline powder with a faint characteristic yeast/nut-like odor and a bitter taste.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is used to enhance the flavor of foods, including gravies and broths, and can be used as a functional food additive to increase vitamin B1.
Thiamine hydrochloride belongs to the group of vitamins. The active substance is an important cofactor and plays a role in metabolism.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is used for the treatment of vitamin B1 deficiency and nerve cell diseases.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is used to treat people who have heart disease, metabolic disorders, aging, canker sores, cataracts, glaucoma and motion sickness.
There are many studies that seem to back up some of these uses.
For example, research published by the Vietnamese American Medical Research Foundation found thiamine might improve the cognitive function of patients with Alzheimer's disease. This vitamin is important for a wide range of brain functions and ailments in others, as well.
USES OF THIAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE:
Thiamine Hydrochloride is used to prevent or treat low levels of vitamin B1 in people who do not get enough of the vitamin from their diets.
Most people who eat a normal diet do not need extra vitamin B1.
However, some conditions (such as alcoholism, cirrhosis, stomach/intestinal problems) can cause low levels of Thiamine Hydrochloride.
Thiamine Hydrochloride plays an important role in the body.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is needed to maintain the health of the nerves and the heart.
Low levels of vitamin B1 may cause heart failure and mental/nerve problems.
Take this vitamin by mouth with or without food, usually 1 to 3 times daily.
Follow all directions on the product package, or take as directed by your doctor.
If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.
Dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment.
Use this vitamin regularly to get the most benefit from it.
To help you remember, take it at the same time(s) each day.
Tell your doctor if your condition persists or worsens.
If you think you may have a serious medical problem, seek immediate medical attention.
Thiamine is also used for AIDS and boosting the immune system, diabetic pain, heart disease, alcoholism, aging, a type of brain damage called cerebellar syndrome, canker sores, vision problems such as cataracts and glaucoma, and motion sickness.
Other uses include preventing cervical cancer and progression of kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is a water-soluble vitamin of the B complex, its phosphate derivatives are involved in many cellular processes.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is used in food, beverage and dietary supplement applications for a Vitamin B1 source including reacted and savory flavors, hard shell capsules and tablets.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is the water-soluble vitamin b1, required for normal digestion and functioning of nerve tissues and in the prevention of beriberi.
Thiamine Hydrochloride also acts as a coenzyme in the metabolism of carbohydrates.
During processing, the higher and longer the heating period, the greater the loss.
The loss is reduced in the presence of acid.
Thiamine hydrochloride and thiamine mononitrate are two available forms.
The mononitrate form is less hygroscopic and more stable than the hydrochloride form, making it suitable for use in beverage powders.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is used in enriched flour and is found as thiamine mononitrite in frozen egg substitute and crackers.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is a essential nutrient required for carbohydrate metabolism; also involved in nerve function.
Biosynthesized by microorganisms and plants. Dietary sources include whole grains, meat products , vegetables, milk, legumes and fruit.
Also present in rice husks and yeast.
Converted in vivo to Thiamine diphosphate, a coenzyme in the decarboxylation of α-keto acids.
Chronic deficiency may lead t o neurological impairment, bariberi, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
APPLICATION OF THIAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE:
-Thiamine Hydrochloride can protect the nervous system and promote gastrointestinal motility and increase appetite.
-Thiamine Hydrochloride mainly plays the role of sugar and sugar (starch) in the process of digestion in the food, and finally produces energy; at the same time, it is necessary for muscle coordination and maintenance of nerve conduction.
-Thiamine Hydrochloride also has a moderate diuretic effect
CHEMISTRY OF THIAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE:
Thiamine Hydrochloride is a colorless organosulfur compound with an unpleasant sulfur odor and the chemical formula C12H17N4O S.
Thiamine Hydrochlorides structure consists of an aminopyrimidine and a thiazolium ring linked by a methylene bridge.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is substituted with methyl and hydroxyethyl side chains.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is soluble in water, methanol, and glycerol and practically insoluble in less polar organic solvents.
As a base Thiamine Hydrochloride can form salts with acids, such as hydrochloride.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is stable at acidic pH, but is unstable in alkaline solutions.
Thiamine, which is a persistent carbene, is used by enzymes to catalyze benzoin condensations in vivo.
Thiamine is unstable to heat, but stable during frozen storage.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is unstable when exposed to ultraviolet light and gamma irradiation.
Thiamine Hydrochloride reacts strongly in Maillard-type reactions.
PROPERTIES OF THIAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE:
-biological source: synthetic (organic)
-Quality Level: 200,
-grade: reagent grade
-assay: ≥99% (HPLC)
-form: powder
-application(s): HPLC: suitable
-color: white
-melting point: 250 °C (dec.) (lit.)
-solubility: H2O: 50 mg/mL, clear, colorless
-SMILES string: CC1=NC(N)=C(C[N+]2=CSC(CCO)=C2C)C=N1.Cl.[Cl-]
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THIAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE:
Vitamin B1 has an odor slightly reminiscent of thiazole and a bitter taste.
When exposed to air, the vitamin rapidly absorbs about 4% of water.
ACTIONS OF THIAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE:
Thiamine Hydrochloride is an essential coenzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Deficiency of thiamine causes beriberi, a neurological and cardiovascular disease.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is administered in case of deficiency, either due to reduced intake or synthesis.
Congenital defect in the thiamine transporter gene SLC19A2 causes thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome (TRMA).
Thiamine Hydrochloride deficiency in ruminants causes polioencephalomalacia.
SYNONYM:
67-03-8
Thiamine HCL
Aneurine hydrochloride
Vitamin B1 hydrochloride
vitamin B1
Thiamine chloride hydrochloride
Betalin S
Thiamine dichloride
Beatine
Begiolan
Benerva
Bethiazine
Bevitex
Bevitine
Bithiamin
Bivatin
Clotiamina
