1,2,3 BENZOTRIAZOLE (BTA)

1,2,3 BENZOTRIAZOLE (BTA) = 1H-Benzotriazole

CAS Number: 95-14-7
EC Number: 202-394-1
MDL Number: MFCD00005699
Molecular Formula: C6H5N3

1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA) is an organic compound. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is white to light pink needle crystal. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is soluble in alcohol, benzene, toluene, chloroform, dimethylformamide, and most organic solvents. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is slightly soluble in water, soluble in hot water, and easily soluble in alkaline aqueous solutions.
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is divided into oil-soluble benzotriazole and water-soluble benzotriazole. 

Among them, water-soluble 1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA) can be dissolved in water. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) can also be dissolved with a solvent.
The high content of active components and the small number of impurities are prerequisites for the solubility of 1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA). 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) includes ethanol, benzene, toluene, chloroform, and N N-dimethylformamide.
The solubility of water and oil determines that 1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA) must have a high content of impurities and less water to achieve both water and oil. 

1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is not only water-soluble but also oil soluble. 
1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA), The emulsifier is not required for the addition process. 
This can greatly reduce the side effects of the addition of 1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA).
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is bitter, odorless, boiling point is 204℃ (15mmHg),soluble in alcohol, benzene, toluene, chloroform and dimethylformamide, and slightly soluble in water. 

1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) belong to the most effective corrosion inhibitors for copper and copper alloys. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) does further show positive effects in protection of steel, gray iron, cadmium and nickel. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is one of the most effective corrosion inhibitors for copper and copper alloy used in various industries. 
Further positive effects of 1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA) can be seen in protection of steel, grey iron, Cadmium and Nickel.
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is bitter, odorless, boiling point is 204℃ (15mmHg),soluble in alcohol, benzene, toluene, chloroform and dimethylformamide, and slightly soluble in water.

1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is a heterocyclic compound with the chemical formula C6H5N3. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA)'s five-membered ring contains three consecutive nitrogen atoms. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) may be viewed as fused rings of the aromatic compounds benzene and triazole. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) has a variety of uses, for instance, as a corrosion inhibitor for copper.
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is bitter,odorless,boiling point is 204℃(15mmHg),soluble in alcohol, benzene, toluene, chloroform and dimethylformamide,and slightly soluble in water.

1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is white to light yellow needles, m.p. 98.5 deg.] C, boiling point 204 ℃ (15 mm Hg), slightly soluble in water, soluble in alcohol, benzene, toluene, chloroform and other organic solvents.
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) copper corrosion inhibitor can be adsorbed on the metal surface to form a thin film to protect copper and other metals from corrosion and atmospheric harmful media.
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) can be absorbed on metal surface and form a thin film to protect copper and other metals.

1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA) is White needle, flake, granular, powder. 
1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA) is soluble in alcohol,benzene,toluene,chloroform and DMF, slightly soluble in water,turn red in air with oxidation,explosive in vacuum distillation.
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is an effective corrosion inhibitor for copper and its alloys by preventing undesirable surface reactions. 
It is known that when copper is immersed in a solution containing 1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA), a passive layer consisting of a complex between copper and benzotriazole is formed. 

The passive layer is insoluble in aqueous and many organic solutions. 
There is a positive relationship between the thickness of the passive layer and the effectiveness of preventing corrosion. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used in protection, especially in the treatment of bronze disease. 
The precise nature of the copper-1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA) complex is controversial, and many suggestions have been put forward.
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) derivatives have chemical and biological properties that are versatile in the pharmaceutical industry. 

1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) derivatives act as agonists for many proteins. 
For example, vorozol and alizapride have beneficial inhibitory properties against different proteins, and 1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA) esters have been reported to work as mechanism-based inactivators for the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)3CL protease. 
The methodology is not only limited to heterocyclization, but has also been successful for polynuclear hydrocarbons of small carbocyclic systems.
1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA) can be processed into flakes, granules, powder. 

1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA) is oxidized in the air and gradually turned red. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) tastes bitter and odorless. 
1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA) is soluble in ethanol, benzene, toluene, chloroform and N,N-dimethylformamide, slightly soluble in water. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is bitter, odorless, boiling point is 204% (15mmHg),soluble in alcohol, benzene, toluene, chloroform and dimethylformamide, and slightly soluble in water.

1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is a heterocyclic compound containing three nitrogen atoms, with the chemical formula C6H5N3. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is colorless and polar and can be used in various fields.
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) other names 1H-Benzotriazole, is slightly soluble in water. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is a heterocyclic compound containing three nitrogen atoms with the chemical formula C6H5N3. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) has two fused rings. 

1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA)'s five-membered ring may be present in tautomers A and B, and derivatives of both tautomers as well as structures C and D can be produced.
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is highly water-soluble, does not decompose immediately, and has a limited absorption tendency. 1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is only partially removed in wastewater treatment plants, and a significant part reaches surface waters such as rivers and lakes. 

1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) exists as a white solid.
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is a heterocyclic compound containing three nitrogen atoms, with the chemical formula C6H5N3. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is an anticorrosive chemical used primarily on copper, but also on iron, steel, cadmium, chromium, zinc. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) can form covalent and coordinate-covalent linkages with metals, which prevent attack by corrosive agents.

1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is bitter, odorless, soluble in alcohol, benzene, toluene, chloroform and DMF, slightly soluble in water, turn red in air with oxidation.
The simplest member of the class of benzotriazoles that consists of a benzene nucleus fused to a 1H-1,2,3-triazole ring.
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) consists of benzene and a tri-azole ring. 
The nitrogen atoms in the triazole ring form a bond between the copper, which inhibits the product.

USES and APPLICATIONS of 1,2,3 BENZOTRIAZOLE (BTA):
-1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA) is mainly used as antirust agent and corrosion inhibitor for metals.
-1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA) is widely used in the antirust oil products such as gas phase corrosion inhibitor , in treating agent for recycling water ,in antifreeze for cars antifogging for photograph.
-1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA) is used as stabilizer for macromolecular compound, growth regulator for plant, lubricant additive , ultraviolet absorbent etc. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) can be used together with many kinds of scale inhibitors and bactericide and algaecide,and 1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) shows excellent anticorrosion effect in close recycling cooling water system.
-1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA) is used in metal rust and corrosion inhibitors, used in the preparation of water quality stabilizers, anti-rust greases, and also used in the synthesis of photographic anti-fogging agents and vapor phase rust inhibitors.
-1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA) is used in extreme pressure industrial gear oils.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) can be used as anti-rust and vapor phase corrosion inhibitor in lubricating grease such as curve gear oil, anti-wear hydraulic oil, oil film bearing oil, lubricating grease.
-1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA) is used in anti-rust oil (grease) products, mostly used in the vapor phase of copper and copper alloy Corrosion inhibitor circulating water treatment agent, automobile antifreeze, photographic antifogging agent, polymer stabilizer, plant growth regulator, lubricant additive, ultraviolet absorber, etc. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) can also be used in conjunction with a variety of scale inhibitors, bactericidal and algaecide. 
-1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA) is used for corrosion and rust prevention of copper and silver equipment. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) can also be used in the preparation of photographic dust-proof, anti-fog and vapor phase rust inhibitor.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is mainly used as rust-preventer,antifreezing liquid, antioxidant additive(including lubricating oil, hydraulic oil,brake oil, transformer's oil), emugent, water stabilizer, the additive for high molecular materials'(polyester and polyesteramide)capacity of ultraviolet resistance and anstatic electricity, photographic antifogging agent, copper mine flotation, metal's slow corrosion etc. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) has already been used as a restrainer (or anti-fogging agent) in photographic emulsions or developing solutions, and as a reagent for the analytical determination of silver. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) has been extensively used as a corrosion inhibitor in the atmosphere and underwater. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA)'s derivatives and their effectiveness as drug precursors have been drawing attention. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) can be used as antifreezes, heating and cooling systems, hydraulic fluids, and vapor-phase inhibitors as well.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is an effective corrosion inhibitor for copper and its alloys by preventing undesirable surface reactions. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is known that a passive layer, consisting of a complex between copper and benzotriazole, is formed when copper is immersed in a solution containing benzotriazole. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used in conservation, notably for the treatment of bronze disease. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) derivatives act as agonists for many proteins. 
For instance, vorozole and alizapride have useful inhibitory properties against different proteins and benzotriazole esters have been reported to work as mechanism-based inactivators for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 3CL protease. 
The methodology is not only limited to heterocyclization but was also successful for polynuclear hydrocarbons of small carbocyclic systems.
-Environmental relevance:
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is fairly water-soluble, not readily degradable and has a limited sorption tendency. 
Hence, 1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is only partly removed in wastewater treatment plants and a substantial fraction reaches surface water such as rivers and lakes.
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is considered to be of low toxicity and a low health hazard to humans although exhibiting some antiestrogenic properties.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is mainly used as rust-preventer, antifreezing liquid, antioxidant additive(including lubricating oil, hydraulic oil, brake oil, transformer's oil), emugent, water stabilizer, the additive for high molecular materials' (polyester and polyesteramide) capacity of ultraviolet resistance and anti- static electricity, photographic antifogging agent, copper mine flotation, metal's slow corrosion etc.
-1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA) is used Cooling water systems / industrial water treatment, industrial lubricants (e.g. drilling and cutting fluids), dishwashing tablets (silver protection), metal detergents and polishing, coolants, VCI papers / metal packaging, antifogging agent (photo)
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used in cooling water or boiler systems by the industrial water treatment industry. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) can be also used in coolants and antifreeze products. 
-An application of 1-2-3-Benzotriazole (BTA) is the use as an additive in industrial lubricants, like e.g. drilling and cutting fluids. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) does also work to protect silver ware in dishwashing tablets and can be further used in metal detergents.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is mainly used as rust-preventer, antifreezing liquid, antioxidant additive(including lubricating oil, hydraulic oil, brake oil, transformer's oil), emugent, water stabilizer, the additive for high molecular materials (polyester and polyesteramide) capacity of ultraviolet resistance and anti-static electricity, photographic antifogging agent, copper mine flotation, metal's slow corrosion etc.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used in combination with ammonium hydroxide and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) has an anti-corrosion effect on metal materials such as copper, aluminum, cast iron, nickel, and zinc. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) can be combined with a variety of corrosion inhibitors to improve corrosion inhibition. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is also widely used in metal rust inhibitors such as copper, silver, zinc, aluminum, cast iron, water purifying agents, etc.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is mainly used for water treatment, oil oxidation, metal oxidation and so on. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) has a good corrosion inhibition effect on the copper and has the same anti-corrosion effect on other metal materials.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is also preferred UV absorber. 
Adding benzotriazole to products such as plastics, rubber, and fuel can solve the degradation problem well. 
And 1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) can improve the light resistance of synthetic materials.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used for surface purification of silver, copper, and zinc in electroplating, and has an anti-tarnishing effect. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is a good ultraviolet light absorber and can be used as a development antifogging for black and white film and photographic paper.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used additive to cutting fluid, immobile working fluid, antifreeze, circulating coolant, etc.
-When added to lubricating oil and transformer oil, 1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) prevents aging of the oil.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used additive for acidic copper plating solution.
-When added to coating agents such as paints, 1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) inhibits corrosion of the underlying film.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used additives for copper polishing agents.
-In the photographic industry, 1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used as a stabilizer against ultraviolet lights.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) has already been used as a restrainer in photographic emulsions and as a reagent for the analytical determination of silver. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) has been extensively used as a corrosion inhibitor in the atmosphere and underwater. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) can be used as antifreezes, heating and cooling systems, hydraulic fluids and vapor phase inhibitors as well. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is an effective corrosion inhibitor for copper and its alloys by preventing undesirable surface reactions.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used in conservation, notably for the treatment of bronze disease. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used Photographic emulsions, anti-corrosion, pharmaceutical industry.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is already used as a limiting (or anti-fogging agent) in photographic emulsions or solution development, and as a reagent for the analytical determination of silver.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) has been widely used as a corrosion inhibitor in the atmosphere and underwater.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used in antifreeze, heating and cooling systems, hydraulic fluids and vapor phase inhibitors.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is mainly used as rust-preventer, anti-freezing liquid, antioxidant additive(including lubricating oil, hydraulic oil, brake oil, transformer's oil), water stabilizer, the additive for high molecular materials (polyester and polyesteramide) capacity of ultraviolet resistance and anti-static electricity, photographic anti-fogging agent, copper mine flotation, metal's slow corrosion etc.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is applied as anti-rusting agent or corrosion inhibitor for metal (mainly copper and its alloys) by forming a passive layer, consisting of a complex between copper and benzotriazole, when copper is immersed in a solution containing benzotriazole. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used as anti-freezing agent for car, synthetic detergent, anti-dust agent for photography and polymer stabilizer.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is mainly used as rust-preventer, antifreezing liquid, (including lubricating oil, hydraulic oil, brake oil, transformer's oil), emugent, water stabilizer, the additive for high molecular materials (polyester and polyesteramide) capacity of ultraviolet resistance and anti static electricity, photographic antifogging agent, copper mine flotation, metal's slow corrosion etc.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is a corrosion inhibitor for copper and copper alloys, and is commonly used in water cooling systems. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) applications include use as a silver polishing agent in dishwasher detergent, automotive antifreeze, antirust for photography, and use as a lubricant additive. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) can also be derived to create anti-fading agents for metals, antiseptic agents, UV-absorbers, pesticides, and photoconductors. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) also possesses antihypertensive, antibacterial, analgesic, antifungal, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory properties.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is an anticorrosive agent well known for its use in aircraft deicing and antifreeze fluids but also used in dishwasher detergents.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) on copper, aluminum, cast iron, nickel, zinc and other metal materials have anti-corrosion effect. 
-Can be combined with a variety of corrosion inhibitors, such as with chromate, polymeric phosphate, molybdate, silicate, nitrite, ATMP, HEDP, EDTMP, etc.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) can improve the corrosion inhibition effect. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) can be used with a variety of scale inhibitors, bactericidal algaecide, benzotriazole on the corrosion inhibition of polyphosphate does not interfere, the oxidation resistance is very strong. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used in anti-rust oil (Grease) products, mostly used in copper and copper alloy vapor phase corrosion inhibitor circulating water treatment agent, automobile antifreeze, photographic antifogging agent, polymer stabilizer, plant growth regulator, lubricating oil additive, ultraviolet absorber, etc. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) can also be used in combination with a variety of scale inhibitors and biocide.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is mainly used for metal (such as silver, copper, lead, zinc, nickel) as antirust and corrosion inhibitor.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is widely used in rustproof oil (fat) products, and more as vapor phase inhibitors of copper and copper alloy, circulating water treatment agent, also used for auto antifreeze, polymer stabilizers, plant growth regulator, lubricant additives, UV absorber, etc, and used for garment/hair dying and pharmaceutical chemical. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) can also be matched with a variety of scale inhibitor, algae fungicidal, especially has good corrosion-resistant effect on closed circulating cooling water system.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is mainly used as antirust agent and corrosion inhibitor for metals. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is widely used in the antirust oil products such as gas phase corrosion inhibitor,  in treating agent for recycling water,  in antifreeze for cars antifogging for photograph,  also used as stabilizer for macromolecular compound growth regulator for plant,  lubricant additive,  ultraviolet absorbent etc. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) can be used together with many kind of scale inhibitors and bactericide algaecide,  show excellent anticorrosion effect in close recycling cooling water system.  
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is mainly used as rust-preventer, antifreezing liquid, antioxidant additive(including lubricating oil, hydraulic oil, brake oil, transformer's oil), emugent, water stabilizer, the additive for high molecular materials (polyester and polyesteramide) capacity of ultraviolet resistance and anti static electricity, photographic antifogging agent, copper mine flotation, metal's slow corrosion etc.
-As an anticorrosive, 1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used in metal working, in art restoration, and in the construction industry as a tarnish remover and a protective coating. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) functions as a corrosion inhibitor in water cooling systems and in dry cleaning equipment. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used in synthetic greases, lubricants, and hydraulic fluids to prevent the oxidation of these materials which is catalyzed by metal ions. 
-In the electronics industry, 1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used to treat packing materials for copper electronic parts and to extend the life of polymers that are used as insulators for copper wire
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used in electrolytic processing, where the stripping of metals from copper cathodes is eased by pretreatment of the cathode with BTA. 
-In photographic processing, 1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) acts as an antifogging agent in silver-halide emulsions, restraining the developer and preventing the blackening or fogging of the image due to overdevelopment.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is mainly used as antirust or corrosion inhibitors for copper or copper alloy etc in lubricant oil/grease, circulating water treatment, engine coolant etc. also used with antiscale additives
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is mainly used in the metal's (silver, lead, nickel, zinc, copper) antirust and corrosion moderating, widely used in antirust oil, copper and alloy copper's moderating corrosion, water circulation treatment, antifogging agent, macromolecule stabilizer, plant growth regulator, lubricating oil additive, ultraviolet absorber etc.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) also can cooperate with many kinds of dirt prevention and germs killing, especially and household detergent to the corrosion.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is a very widely used chemical in various industries.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used as a corrosion inhibitor for metals such as copper and its alloys
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used as anti blur factor in photo printing
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used in production of light-sensitive chemicals
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used in application in cleaners used in plating processes
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is used in production Water purification products and Laboratory chemicals
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) Corrosion Inhibitor:
One of the most common methods of corrosion control is the use of disinfectants such as nitrates and chromates. 
Finding alternative compounds for these compounds is very important for environmental reasons. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) and the azole family are one of these alternatives, which chemically adsorb nitrogen atoms on the surface by sharing unpaired electron pairs with an empty metal orbital to prevent dissolution and corrosion.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is mainly used as rust-preventer, antifreezing liquid, antioxidant additive (including lubricating oil,
hydraulic oil, brake oil, transformer's oil), emugent, water stabilizer, the additive for high molecular materials (polyester and polyesteramide) capacity of ultraviolet resistance and anti- static electricity, photographic antifogging agent, copper mine flotation, metal's slow corrosion etc.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA), also known as BTA, is a chemical used as a ligand to form complexes and has many applications in industry, the most common of which is to prevent rust and corrosion of metals. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is a corrosion inhibitor for metals such as copper and its alloys, silver, aluminum, cobalt, and zinc, which are relatively soluble in water and do not decompose easily. 
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA), commonly abbreviated as BTA, is a versatile compound used in industries such as Semiconductor/Electronic manufacturing and drug manufacturing.
-1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) in solution allows the material to react with certain metals to create a corrosion inhibiting layer. 
For this reason, 1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is also a common component in materials such as antifreeze or detergents, where metal corrosion is a concern.

BENEFITS of 1,2,3 BENZOTRIAZOLE (BTA):
*1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is a corrosion inhibitor for copper, copper alloys, and other metals.
*Forming rust preventive firm of 1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is thin, insoluble, and transparent.
*Stable for an acid and an alkaline.
*Absorbs ultraviolet lights.
*Soluble with various solvent.

PREPARATION METHOD of 1,2,3 BENZOTRIAZOLE (BTA):
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is obtained by reacting o-benzenetriamine with sodium nitrite. 
The o-benzenetriamine was dissolved in 50°C water, and then glacial acetic acid was added to cool to 5°C. 
The reaction was then stirred by the addition of sodium nitrite. 
The reactants gradually turned dark green. 
The temperature rose to 70-80°C and the solution turned orange. 
Leave at room temperature for 2 h. 

The crystals were cooled, filtered, washed with ice water and dried to dryness. 
The crude product was distilled under reduced pressure. 
The fraction of 201-204°C (2.0 kPa) was collected and recrystallized from benzene to obtain a product having a melting point of 96°C-97°C, and the yield was about 80%.
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is synthesized from the reaction between orthophenylenediamine, sodium nitrite, and acetic acid. 
To improve the reaction, it is done at temperatures of 5 to 10 degrees and in an ultrasonic bath. 

HOW DOES 1,2,3 BENZOTRIAZOLE (BTA) WORK?
As a corrosion inhibitor, 1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) decreases the corrosion rate of metals and alloys. 
This works by forming a coating, a passivation layer, which prevents access of the corrosive substance to the metal or alloy underneath. This is of particular importance in industries where fluids routinely need to be in continuous contact with metals that require protection.
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) shows outstanding thermic and oxidative stability and is also resistant to UV light. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) does not negatively affect the appearance of the metal it's applied to.
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is very bright in color so that solutions – either aqueous or in different solvents – are clear and almost colorless. 

STRUCTURE of 1,2,3 BENZOTRIAZOLE (BTA):
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) features two fused rings. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA)'s five-membered ring can exist in tautomers A and B, and the derivatives of both tautomers, structures C and D, can also be produced:
Benzotriazole tautomers and their derivatives
Various structural analyses with UV, IR and 1H-NMR spectra indicated that isomer A is predominantly present at room temperature. 
The bond between positions 1 and 2 and the one between positions 2 and 3 have proved to have the same bond properties. 

Moreover, the proton does not tightly bind to any of the nitrogen atoms, but rather migrates rapidly between positions 1 and 3. 
Therefore, the 1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) can lose a proton to act as a weak acid (pKa = 8.2) or accept a proton using the lone pair electrons located on its nitrogen atoms as a very weak Brønsted base (pKa < 0).
Not only can 1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) act either as an acid or base, 1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) can also bind to other species, utilizing the lone pair electrons. 

Applying this property, the 1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) can form a stable coordination compound on a copper surface and behave as a corrosion inhibitor.
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) is a heterocycle compound with the chemical formula C6H5N3. 
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) has two nitrogen rings in its chemical structure which are produced by the fusion of the benzene ring, this point causes the stability and resistance of the molecule.
1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) consists of two five-membered rings that include tautomers A and B, and derivatives of both tautomers can form structures C and D.

SYNTHESIS and REACTIONS of 1,2,3 BENZOTRIAZOLE (BTA):
A synthesis of the 1,2,3 Benzotriazole (BTA) involves the reaction of o-phenylenediamine, sodium nitrite, and acetic acid. 
The conversion proceeds via diazotization of one of the amine groups:
The synthesis can be improved when the reaction is carried out at low temperatures (5–10 °C) and briefly irradiated in an ultrasonic bath.
Typical batch purity is 98.5% or greater.
Biphenylene and benzyne can be conveniently prepared from benzotriazole by N-amination with hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid. 
The major product, 1-aminobenzotriazole, forms benzyne in an almost quantitative yield by oxidation with lead(IV) acetate, which rapidly dimerises to biphenylene in good yields.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of 1,2,3 BENZOTRIAZOLE (BTA):
Appearance: White to light yellow needle-shape crystalloids or granular
Purity, %: 99.5 min
Colour APHA (Hazen): 40.0 max
Moisture, %: 0.1 max
Melting point, ℃: 96.0 min
Ash content, %: 0.03 max
pH: 5.0-6.0
Molar mass: 119.127 g·mol−1
Appearance: White solid

Density: 1.36 g/mL 
Melting point: 100 °C (212 °F; 373 K)
Boiling point: 350 °C (662 °F; 623 K)
Solubility in water: 20 g/L
Acidity (pKa): 8.2 
Basicity (pKb): > 14 
PSA： 41.57000 
XLogP3： 1
Appearance： 1,2,3-benzotriazole appears as white to light tan crystals or white powder. No odor. 
Density： 1.36 g/cm3

Melting Point： 98.5 °C
Boiling Point： 159 °C @ Press: 2 Torr 
Flash Point： 170ºC
Refractive Index： 1.715
Water Solubility： H2O: 25 g/l in water (20 ºC)
Vapor Pressure： 0.04 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Vapor Density： 4.1 (vs air)
Odor： No odor
PH： The solution in water is a weak acid
Molecular Weight:119.12

XLogP3:1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count:1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:2
Exact Mass:119.048347172
Monoisotopic Mass:119.048347172
Topological Polar Surface Area:41.6
Heavy Atom Count:9
Complexity:92.5
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:1
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes

FIRST AID MEASURES of 1,2,3 BENZOTRIAZOLE (BTA):
-General advice
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
-After inhalation: 
Fresh air.
-In case of skin contact: 
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. 
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
-After eye contact: 
Rinse out with plenty of water. 
Call in ophthalmologist. 
Remove contact lenses.
-After swallowing: 
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most). 
Consult a physician.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of 1,2,3 BENZOTRIAZOLE (BTA):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains. 
Collect, bind, and pump off spills. 
Take up dry. 

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of 1,2,3 BENZOTRIAZOLE (BTA):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water 
Foam 
Carbon dioxide (CO2) 
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of 1,2,3 BENZOTRIAZOLE (BTA):
-Control parameters:
*Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use Safety glasses.
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
Protective clothing.
*Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of 1,2,3 BENZOTRIAZOLE (BTA):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed. 
Dry.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of 1,2,3 BENZOTRIAZOLE (BTA):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).

SYNONYMS:
BTA
T406
benzotriazole
Benzotraizole
1H-Benzotriazole
1,2,3-Benztriazole
1,2,3-Triazaindene
benzotriazole (BTA)
1,2,3-Benzotrialole
1,2,3-benzotriazole
1,2,3-benzo triazole
1,2,3-Triaza-1H-indene
T406 petroleum additive
1,2,3-benzotriazole (BTA)
BenzotrichlorideForSynthesis
1,2,3-benzotriazole-1h-benzotriazole
1,2,3-Benzotriazole,1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole