Quick Search
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is an organic compound with the formula C4H6O3.
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is a cyclic carbonate ester derived from propylene glycol.
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is used as a polar, aprotic solvent.
CAS Number: 108-32-7
EC Number: 203-572-1
IUPAC Name: 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
Chemical Formula: C4H6O3
Other names: Propylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, Propylene carbonate, (propán-1,2-diyl)-karbonát (sk), 4-metil-1,3-diossolan-2-one (it), 4-metylo-1,3-dioksolan-2-on (pl), carbonate de propylène (fr), carbonato de propileno (es), carbonato de propileno (pt), carbonato di propilene (it), carbonato di propilene 4-metil-1,3-diossolan-2-one (it), propilen carbonat (ro), propilen karbonat (hr), propilen karbonat (sl), propilenkarbonatas (lt), propilén-karbonát (hu), propilēnkarbonāts (lv), propyleencarbonaat (nl), Propyleenikarbonaatti (fi), propylencarbonat (da), Propylencarbonat (de), propylenkarbonat (no), propylenkarbonat (sv), propylenkarbonát (cs), Propüleenkarbonaat (et), węglan glikolu propylenowego (pl), węglan propano-1,2-diylu (pl), węglan propano-1,2-diylu 4-metylo-1,3-dioksolan-2-on węglan glikolu propylenowego (pl), ανθρακικό προπυλένιο (el), пропилен карбонат (bg), (4R)-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate, 1,2-Propylencarbonat, 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-, 1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-, 2-(carboxyoxy)-1-methylethyl carbonate, 4-methyl-1, 3-dioxolan-2-one, 4-Methyl-1,3-Dioxolan-2-One, 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, propylen carbonate, Propylencarbonat, Propylencarbonate, PROPYLENE CARBONATE, Propylene Carbonate, Propylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, Propylene Carbonate, Propylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, Propylene carbonate, 1,2-Propanediol carbonate, 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate, 1,2-Propylene carbonate, 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl- (9CI), 1-Methylethylene carbonate, 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane, Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate, Cyclic methylethylene carbonate, Cyclic propylene carbonate, PC, C&L Inventory, Registration dossier, Propylencarbonat, PROPYLENE CARBONATE, Propylene Carbonate, Propylene carbonate, Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate, 104083-03-6, 108-32-7, 607-194-00-1, 127128-76-1, PROPYLENE CARBONATE, 108-32-7, 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 1,2-Propylene carbonate, 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate, Texacar PC, Arconate 5000, Cyclic propylene carbonate, 1,2-Propanediol carbonate, 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-, Dipropylene carbonate, 1-Methylethylene carbonate, 4-Methyldioxalone-2, 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate, Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate, Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate, Cyclic methylethylene carbonate, 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane, Carbonic acid, propylene ester, NSC 11784, Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester, Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite, HSDB 6806, Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester, EINECS 203-572-1, Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether, NSC-11784, UNII-8D08K3S51E, BRN 0107913, DTXSID2026789, AI3-19724, 8D08K3S51E, PC-HP, Propylenecarbonate, 99%
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is an organic compound with the formula C4H6O3.
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is a cyclic carbonate ester derived from propylene glycol.
This colorless and odorless liquid is useful as a polar, aprotic solvent.
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is chiral, but is used as the racemic mixture in most contexts.
Preparation of 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate
Although many organic carbonates are produced using phosgene, propylene and ethylene carbonates are exceptions.
They are mainly prepared by the carbonation of the epoxides (epoxypropane, or propylene oxide here):
CH3CHCH2O + CO2 → CH3C2H3O2CO
The process is particularly attractive since the production of these epoxides consumes carbon dioxide.
Thus this reaction is a good example of a green process.
The corresponding reaction of 1,2-propanediol with phosgene is complex, yielding not only 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate but also oligomeric products.
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate can also be synthesized from urea and propylene glycol over zinc acetate.
Applications of 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate
As a solvent
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is used as a polar, aprotic solvent.
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate has a high molecular dipole moment (4.9 D), considerably higher than those of acetone (2.91 D) and ethyl acetate (1.78 D).
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is possible, for example, to obtain potassium, sodium, and other alkali metals by electrolysis of their chlorides and other salts dissolved in 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate.
Electrolyte
Due to its high relative permittivity (dielectric constant) of 64, 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is frequently used as a high-permittivity component of electrolytes in lithium batteries, usually together with a low-viscosity solvent (e.g. dimethoxyethane).
Its high polarity allows it to create an effective solvation shell around lithium ions, thereby creating a conductive electrolyte.
However, 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is not used in lithium-ion batteries due to its destructive effect on graphite.
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate can also be found in some adhesives, paint strippers, and in cosmetics.
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is also used as plasticizer.
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is also used as a solvent for removal of CO2 from natural gas and synthesis gas where H2S is not also present.
Other
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate product may be converted to other carbonate esters by transesterification as well (see Carbonate ester#Carbonate transesterification).
In electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, propylene carbonate is doped into low surface tension solutions to increase analyte charging.
In Grignard reaction 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate (or most other carbonate esters) might be used to create tertiary alcohols.
Use and Manufacturing of 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate
Used for carbon dioxide recovery and solvent extraction; Also used in lithium batteries, as a plasticizer, in natural gas purification, and as a synthetic fiber spinning solvent; [HSDB] Used as a solvent in surface coatings, paint removers, cosmetics, personal care products, cleaners, degreasers, dyes, fibers, plastics, wood-binder resins, and photochromic solutions; Also used as a solvent to bake enamels, a reactive diluent for urethanes and epoxy resins, a dispersant for lubricants and greases, a binder for foundry sand and moulds, a cleaner in electronics, and as a water scavenger
Industry Uses of 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate
Cleaning agent
Conductive agent
Functional fluids (closed systems)
Intermediates
Lubricants and lubricant additives
Monomers
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
Other
Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories
Polymerization promoter
Process regulators
Solvent
Solvents (which become part of product formulation or mixture)
Viscosity adjustors
Consumer Uses of 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate
Conductive agent
Lubricants and lubricant additives
Monomers
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
Other
Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories
Process regulators
Solvent
Solvents (which become part of product formulation or mixture)
Viscosity adjustors
Household Products of 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate
Household & Commercial/Institutional Products
Information on 100 consumer products that contain Propylene carbonate in the following categories is provided:
Commercial / Institutional
Home Maintenance
Inside the Home
Personal Care
Pet Care
General Manufacturing Information
Industry Processing Sectors
Adhesive Manufacturing
All Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing
All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing
All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing
Asphalt Paving, Roofing, and Coating Materials Manufacturing
Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing
Electrical Equipment, Appliance, and Component Manufacturing
Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing
Machinery Manufacturing
Miscellaneous Manufacturing
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
Paint and Coating Manufacturing
Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing
Transportation Equipment Manufacturing
Wholesale and Retail Trade
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is a polar aprotic solvent used as a “green” sustainable alternative solvent for chemical transformations.
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is a low toxicity, biodegradable, non-corrosive colorless liquid with a high boiling point, low vapor pressure, and EPA VOC exemption.
Due to its low vapor pressure and findings of negligible photochemical reactivity, 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is an effective substitute for more hazardous solvents such a MEK, methylene chloride, toluene, acetone, NMP, and perchloroethylene.
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is also compatible with other solvents providing an efficient ingredient in co-solvent formulations.
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is widely used in the manufacture of paints, adhesives, coatings, surface cleaners, degreasers, strippers, and inks formulations as well as in lithium-ion batteries, as electrolytic solvent, and in the removal of carbon dioxide from natural gas.
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate Applications
Paint & Coatings
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is used as a high-boiling solvent and film-forming auxiliary, especially in poly (vinyl fluoride) and poly (vinylidene fluoride) systems.
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is also more eco-efficient compared to other solvents used in wire enamel coating applications.
As a reactive diluent, 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate can reduce the viscosity of isocyanates or polyurethane pre-polymers in two-component polyurea systems.
Lithium-ion batteries and Electronics
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is another important cyclic carbonate solvent in lithium-ion batteries (LIB) electrolytes.
Due to its high dielectric constant, 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is used as a high permittivity component of electrolytes in lithium batteries, usually together with a low-viscosity solvent.
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is also an effective circuit board and electronic cleaner.
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is rapidly used in the computer, cell phones, hybrid and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle manufacturing markets.
Cleaning, Stripping and Degreasing
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate has low toxicity and rapid biodegradability properties for solvents used in hard surface cleaning and degreasing formulations.
Alone or combined with other solvents, 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is effective as a polyurethane and polymer/resin cleaner, for cleaning up unsaturated polyester resins and gelcoats, as an all-purpose industrial and consumer cleaner, for cleaning stereolithographic parts, and as an ink cleaner.
Hazard classification & labelling of 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate
Warning! According to the harmonised classification and labelling (CLP00) approved by the European Union, this substance causes serious eye irritation.
About 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 to < 100 000 tonnes per annum.
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Consumer Uses of 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is used in the following products: coating products, plant protection products, cosmetics and personal care products and perfumes and fragrances.
Other release to the environment of 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).
Article service life of 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate
Release to the environment of 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate can occur from industrial use: industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal) and of articles where the substances are not intended to be released and where the conditions of use do not promote release.
Other release to the environment of 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials), indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment) and outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)).
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: electrical batteries and accumulators. This substance can be found in products with material based on: plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones), plastic used for packaging (excluding food packaging) and plastic used for articles intended for food contact (e.g. plastic dinner ware, food storage).
Widespread uses by professional workers of 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is used in the following products: lubricants and greases, washing & cleaning products, plant protection products, polymers and coating products.
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.
Other release to the environment of 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids) and indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters).
Formulation or re-packing of 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is used in the following products: coating products, inks and toners, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and metal surface treatment products.
Release to the environment of 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Uses at industrial sites of 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is used in the following products: coating products, lubricants and greases, washing & cleaning products, polymers and cosmetics and personal care products.
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate is used for the manufacture of: electrical, electronic and optical equipment, chemicals, plastic products and.
Release to the environment of 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles, of substances in closed systems with minimal release, as processing aid, for thermoplastic manufacture and as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).
Manufacture of 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate
Release to the environment of 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
