2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol Diisobutyrate

2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol Diisobutyrate

2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of plasticizers, surfactants, pesticides, and resins. It is used as a viscosity control agent in plastisol, rotomolding, and rotocasting operations. It is used in the production of vinyl flooring as a hardening agent.

CAS NO: 6846-50-0
EC NO:229-934-9

IUPAC NAMES:
1-Isopropyl-2,2-dimethyltrimethylene Diisobutyrate
1-Isopropyl-2,2-dimethyltrimethylene diisobutyrate
1-isopropyl-2,2-dimethyltrimethylene diisobutyrate
1-isopropyl-2,2-dimethyltrimethylene diisobutyrate
2,2,4- trimethylpentane- 1,3-diyl bis(2- methylpropanoate)
2,2,4-trimethyl-1-[(2-methylpropanoyl)oxy]pentan-3-yl 2-methylpropanoate
2,2,4-trimethyl-3-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)pentyl] 2-methylpropanoate
2,2,4-trimethylpentane-1,3-diyl bis(2-methylpropanoate)
[2,2,4-trimethyl-3-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)pentyl] 2-methylpropanoate
Kodaflex TXIB_6846-50-0
RD_CLP_6846-50-0_Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2,2-dimethyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-1,3-propanediyl ester_V1_20180111_TS
trimethoxy[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane
Trimethyl-1,3-pentandioldiisobutyrat

Other names: Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2,2-dimethyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-1,3-propanediyl ester; 1,3-Pentanediol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-, diisobutyrate; Kodaflex txib; Isobutyric acid, 1-isopropyl-2,2-dimethyltrimethylene ester; 2,2,4-Trimethylpentanediol-1,3-diisobutyrate; Txib; 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane-1,3-diyl bis(2-methylpropanoate); 3-(Isobutyryloxy)-1-isopropyl-2,2-dimethylpropyl 2-methylpropanoate; 1-isopropyl-2,2-dimethyltrimethylene diisobutyrate

SYNONYMS:
6846-50-0;2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate;2,2,4-trimethylpentane-1,3-diyl bis(2-methylpropanoate);Kodaflex txib;TXIB;Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2,2-dimethyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-1,3-propanediyl ester;1-Isopropyl-2,2-dimethyltrimethylene diisobutyrate,2,2,4-Trimethylpentanediol-1,3-diisobutyrate;Isobutyricacid,1-isopropyl-2,2-dimethyltrimethyleneester;CHEBI:89871;2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentadienol diisobutyrate;[2,2,4-trimethyl-3-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)pentyl] 2-methylpropanoate
;TRIMETHYL PENTANYL DIISOBUTYRATE;DSSTox_CID_7635;DSSTox_RID_78535
;Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 1,1'-[2,2-dimethyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-1,3-propanediyl] ester;DSSTox_GSID_27635;trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate;CAS-6846-50-0
;EINECS 229-934-9;2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate, 98%;BRN 1878083
;HSDB8097;Propanoicacid,2-methyl-,1,1'-(2,2-dimethyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-1,3-propanediyl)ester;2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediolester;EC229-934-9;SCHEMBL43993;(R)-?-(p-methylphenyl)alanine;CHEMBL3183335;DTXSID1027635;1,3-Pentanediol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-, diisobutyrate(ester);Tox21_202454;Tox21_300316;0569AC;MFCD00059267;AKOS015900127;NCGC00164194-01;NCGC00164194-02;NCGC00164194-03;NCGC00254147-01
;NCGC00260003-01;AK116054;FT-0609109;2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3,-pentanedioldiisobutyrate;1,3-Pentanediol,2,2,4-trimethyl-,diisobutyrate;W-104669;Q27162056;2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentandiyl-bis(2-methylpropanoat);2,2,4-TRIMETHYLPENTANE-1,3-DIOL DIISOBUTYRATE
;2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate, >=98.5%;2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate, analytical standard;3-(Isobutyryloxy)-1-isopropyl-2,2-dimethylpropyl 2-methylpropanoate #;2,2,4-Trimethylpentanediol diisobutyrate; TXIB;
1-Isopropyl-2,2-dimethyltrimethylene diisobutyrate; Diisobutirato de 1-isopropil-2,2-dimetiltrimetileno; Diisobutyrate de 1-isopropyl-2,2-diméthyltriméthylène; Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2,2-dimethyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-1,3-propanediyl ester;

Consumer Uses
This substance is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants, cosmetics and personal care products, coating products and fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay.
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.

Widespread uses by professional workers
This substance is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants, cosmetics and personal care products, coating products and fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay. This substance is used in the following areas: building & construction work and printing and recorded media reproduction. This substance is used for the manufacture of: chemicals and plastic products. Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use and indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters).

Formulation or re-packing
This substance is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products, coating products, polymers, adhesives and sealants and fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay.
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.

Uses at industrial sites
This substance is used in the following products: non-metal-surface treatment products, polymers, coating products, adhesives and sealants and fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay.
This substance is used in the following areas: building & construction work.
This substance is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, wood and wood products and plastic products.
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites and in the production of articles.

General description
2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate (TXIB) is widely used in food packaging. Its toxicity has been assessed.

Application
2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate may be used as a plasticizer in the fabrication of highly plasticized polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked by gamma irradiation.Plasticizer.

*Used as a viscosity control agent in various plastisol, rotomolding, and rotocasting operations. ... also used in the production of rolled sheet vinyl flooring where a high percentage of fugitive plasticizer flashes off during the fusion of the PVC resin to impart a harder flooring surface.
*Economical, low color primary plasticizer for use in surface coatings, vinyl flooring, moldings, and other vinyl products.
*A minor use ... is as a coalescing aid in latex paints.
*2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate  is commonly used in polyurethane elastomers to lower viscosity. ... 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate  can be found in apparel, weather stripper, furniture, wallpaper, nail care, plastisols, sheet vinyl flooring, toys/sporting goods, traffic cones, vinyl compounding, vinyl gloves, and as a diluent for methyl ethyl ketone peroxide formulations. ... /It/ is also used in inks, coatings, urethane elastomers, and water-based paints.

*Industry Uses    

Fillers
Intermediates
Plasticizers
Process regulators
Processing aids, not otherwise listed
Solvents (which become part of product formulation or mixture)
Surface active agents

*Consumer Uses    

Adhesives and sealants
Floor coverings
Laundry and dishwashing products
Mining
Paints and coatings
Plastic and rubber products not covered elsewhere

*Industry Processing Sectors

All other basic organic chemical manufacturing
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Paint and coating manufacturing
Plastic material and resin manufacturing
Plastics product manufacturing
Rubber product manufacturing
Services
Wholesale and retail trade

2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate's production and use as a plasticizer in rolled sheet vinyl flooring and coalescing aid in latex paints in may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, an estimated vapor pressure of 8.5X10-3 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be one day. 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate is expected to have low mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 490. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-5 atm-cu m/mole. Biodegradation data in soil or water were not available. If released into water, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4 and 49 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 800 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high, provided the compound is not metabolized by the organism. Hydrolysis is expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound contains functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions (pH 5 to 9). Occupational exposure to 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate via inhalation of ambient indoor air and to a lesser extent, dermal contact with contaminated water.

2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate's production and use as a plasticizer in vinyl flooring(1-3) and coalescing aid in latex paints(3) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams.

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate can be estimated to be 490(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate is expected to have low mobility in soil. 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate concentrations were 500 and 120 ng/L in influent and effluent, respectively, using a soil column test and secondary treated City of Phoenix, AZ wastewater; the decrease in effluent was attributed mainly to adsorption.

INDOOR: Building materials are a source of 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate. The compound was detected in indoor air at a concentration of 100-1000 ug/cu m; the source was vinyl flooring(1). An analysis of volatile organic compound concentrations and emission rates in four new manufactured and seven site-built houses was conducted in the eastern and southeastern US in hot-humid and mixed-humid climates. The manufactured houses were completed in July 1997, installed within 3 weeks, and sampled on Sept 16, 1997. The site-built houses were small, detached single-family dwellings designed as entry-level housing. 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate concentrations ranged from 0.3-19.ppb, mean of 0.8 ppb and 0.1-7.2 ppb, mean of 1.8 ppb were reported for manufactured and site-built homes, respectively.

2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate (TXIB) is used as a plasticizer for the manufacture of flexible plastics especially for soft surface product such as PVC leather and shoe production. It is insoluble in water and has a good stability to heat and ultraviolet light, a broad range of compatibility, and excellent resistance to hydrolysis.

Chemical Properties    
CLEAR COLORLESS LIQUID
Uses    
Plasticizer.
Uses    
2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol Diisobutyrate is a plastic additivea and was found to associate with newly diagnosed asthma.
Uses    
In manufacture of vinyl flooring, toys and other vinyl products.

2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentadienol diisobutyrate, also known as kodaflex txib, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dicarboxylic acids and derivatives. These are organic compounds containing exactly two carboxylic acid groups. 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentadienol diisobutyrate is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentadienol diisobutyrate is a potentially toxic compound. These are organic compounds containing an acyclic 2,2,4-trimethylpentane moiety.

Application:

1.A high boiling point environmental friendly coalescing agent.
2.Can be added into various kinds of emulsions and adhesives. And it is better than most film-forming coalescent agents in the market. The dosage of 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentadienol diisobutyrate can be reduced properly. And it can be used individually.
3.Can help coatings to get the best film-forming effect. Paints with 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentadienol diisobutyrate  in it  have unique storage stability, leveling and adhesion. In the meantime, it can enhance the glossiness of film.

2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol Diisobutyrate is used as a plastizer and viscosity control agent in cosmetic and personal care products. Ungraded products supplied by Spectrum are indicative of a grade suitable for general industrial use or research purposes and typically are not suitable for human consumption or therapeutic use.

1. 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol Diisobutyrate is a kind of non-toxic plasticizer without benzene ring. It is suitable for plastic products applied to kids toys, medial materials and food packaging. As a kind of multipurpose plasticizer, it can mix with all universal primary and secondary plasticizer, and take the best effect when used with DOP cooperatively in especial.

2. We need the effective viscosity decreasing of PVC Plastisol at using on high-filling high density formulation. This product can reduce the viscosity of solution and increase the stability of solution viscosity when applied to PVC butanediol. It can be poured into the mould with small die outlet easily. It can mix with PVC resin easily. 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol Diisobutyrate won’t mix with air bubble in PVC solution easily because of the decrease of viscosity before the delivery and extrusion forming, which enables it to keep the end product surface smooth and nice-looking, there is no migration to the surface of the product.

2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol Diisobutyrate is a kind of non-toxic plasticizer without benzene ring. It is suitable for plastic products applied to toys, medial materials and food packaging. As a kind of multipurpose plasticizer, it can mix with all universal primary and secondary plasticizer, and take the best effect when used with DOP cooperatively in especial. This product can reduce the viscosity of solution and increase the stability of solution viscosity when applied to PVC butanediol. It can be poured into the mould with small die outlet easily. It can mix with PVC resin easily. 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol Diisobutyrate won’t mix with air bubble in PVC solution easily because of the decrease of viscosity before the delivery and extrusion forming, which enables it to keep the end product surface smooth and nice-looking.

Application:

1. This product is used in PVC plastic solvent, can reduce the viscosity of the solution, while increasing the viscosity of the solution stability. Easy to mix with PVC resin, meanwhile to save time before the injection, extrusion, because of viscosity reduction in PVC solution, not easy to mix air bubbles, to maintain the finished product appearance and smooth.
2. This product is used in PU elastomer, with viscosity reduction, increase flexibility, reduce costs and so on. The plastics industry has recognized a variety of properties of the product can help the preparation of plastic sol.
3. Also can be applied to ink, pigments and EVA emulsion.

2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate can be analyzed by this reverse phase (RP) HPLC method with simple conditions. The mobile phase contains an acetonitrile (MeCN), water, and phosphoric acid. For Mass-Spec (MS) compatible applications the phosphoric acid needs to be replaced with formic acid. Smaller 3 µm particles columns available for fast UPLC applications. This liquid chromatography method is scalable and can be used for isolation impurities in preparative separation. It also suitable for pharmacokinetics.

2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate helps plastisol manufacturers reduce overall product costs while holding the viscosity to the desired level for processing efficiency.  This additive is ideally suited for phthalate-free applications.

2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate is a non-phthalate product that is similar in plasticizing efficiency to many general purpose plasticizers.  It offers the flexibility of substituting some general purpose plasticizer with 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate  along with the addition of filler to lower plastisol formulation cost.

It is a colorless liquid with very low vapor pressure that does not evaporate appreciably at room temperature. It has a slightly fruity odor, low viscosity and low freezing point. The low initial viscosity provides stability and ease of processing.

● Nail care
● Phthalate-free diluent for MEKP formulations
● Plastisols

● Sheet vinyl flooring
● Toys/Sporting goods
● Traffic cones
● Vinyl compounding
● Vinyl gloves
● Wall coverings

2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-Pentanediol Diisobutyrate is used as a plasticizer for the manufacture of flexible plastics especially for soft surface product such as PVC leather and shoe production and in cosmetics.

History

Air samples were received at SLTC collected on Chromosorb 106 tubes requesting analysis for 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate. Analysis by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector was chosen, because this compound is a liquid at room temperature. Carbon disulfide was selected for the extraction solvent and was found to give an extraction efficiency of 100.1%. The analyte was found to be well retained on the Chromosorb 106 tubes, with a retention efficiency recovery of 100.4% and the storage stability recovery of 99.5% on Day 14 of ambient storage. Along with these studies, charcoal tubes were also explored. The extraction efficiency on charcoal tubes using carbon disulfide as a solvent showed non-linear extraction, with an extraction efficiency of 98.1% for a loading of 23.34 mg to 88.6% for a loading of 1.167mg. The extraction efficiency with 99:1 carbon disulfide:dimethyl formamide averaged 100.8% over the range of 1.167 to 23.34 mg. The retention efficiency averaged 99.8%. The storage at ambient temperature was 98.2% on Day 14, indicating that charcoal tubes are a good alternative to the Chromosorb 106 tubes.

2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-Pentanediol Diisobutyrate is the lowest viscosity (9 cps) additive available to the flexible PVC industry. 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-Pentanediol Diisobutyrate is completely compatible with PVC in all proportions and is usually blended with general-purpose plasticizers such as DOP or DOTP. The unique low viscosity makes this material particularly suitable for PVC plastisols and often allows adding additional fillers to the plastisol, resulting in a cost savings. 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-Pentanediol Diisobutyrate has efficiency generally equal to DOP, which makes substitution in a vinyl formulation very easy. It imparts a dry surface to the vinyl, excellent resistance to staining, and physical properties equivalent to DOP. 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-Pentanediol Diisobutyrate is also used in inks, coatings, urethane elastomers, and nail polish lacquers.

Applications/uses

Adhesives/sealants-B&C
Automotive
Childcare items
Flexible PVC compounds
Flooring
Peroxides
Polyurethanes
Toys
Vinyl plastisols

2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-Pentanediol Diisobutyrate is the lowest viscosity additive available to the flexible PVC industry. It is completely compatible with PVC in all proportions and is usually blended with general-purpose plasticizers such as DOP or DOTP. It is suitable for PVC plastisols and often allows adding additional fillers to the plastisol, resulting in cost savings. Imparts a dry surface to the vinyl, excellent resistance to staining, and physical properties equivalent to DOP. 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-Pentanediol Diisobutyrate is designed for adhesives and sealants.

2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-Pentanediol Diisobutyrate  is an environmentally friendly multifunctional additive that offers high boiling point and extremely low  viscosity.2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-Pentanediol Diisobutyrate  is completely compatible with PVC and can be used in combination with general-purpose phthalate-based plasticisers. The low viscosity of this material makes it particularly suitable for use in PVC Plastisols, often enabling higher filler loadings and a reduction in formulatory costs. 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-Pentanediol Diisobutyrate  offers a similar level of efficiency to DOP, making substitution in vinyl formulations a simple task. Amongst other key benefits this product imparts a dry surface to the vinyl, gives a high level of stain-resistance and general physical properties on a par with DOP. 

2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-Pentanediol Diisobutyrate is a widely-used additive in PVC, polyurethane systems and vinyl plastisols. Applications
include but are not limited to:-
• flexible PVC
• polyurethane systems
• vinyl plastisols
• adhesives
• elastomers
• flooring
• sealants
• coalescing agent

Storage
2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-Pentanediol Diisobutyrate should be stored away from heat and humidity in clean, dry conditions. Once the container has been opened storage under dry nitrogen is recommended to prevent excessive moisture ingress. This is particularly important where the material is being used in polyurethane system formulation. 

Molecular Weight      286.4
Empirical Formula      C16H30O4
Appearance      Free from insoluble matter and haze
Acidity    as Isobutyric Acid  0.05 wt % max.
Specific Gravity    @ 20°C/20°C  0.942-0.948

Surface Tension    @ 25°C  27.56 dynes/cm
Saponification Equivalent      144.8
Refractive Index      1.43 n(25°C/D)
Boiling Point    @ 760 mm Hg  281°C (537.8°F)
Freezing Point      -70°C (-94°F)

2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol Diisobutyrate  is a 1: 1 mixture of two stereoisomeric chemical compounds from the group of carboxylic acid esters.
Extraction and presentation
2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol Diisobutyrate  can be obtained by acid-catalyzed cleavage and esterification of 2,4-diisopropyl-5,5-dimethylmetadioxane. [5] It is also possible to prepare isobutyraldehyde by the Claisen – Tiščenko reaction and subsequent transesterification of 3-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethylpentyl isobutyrate. [6]

properties
2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol Diisobutyrate  is a flammable, hardly inflammable, colorless liquid with a faint odor that is practically insoluble in water. [1]

use
2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol Diisobutyrate can be used as a plasticizer (for example in the production of highly plasticized polyvinyl chloride that is crosslinked by gamma radiation). [2] [7] It has also been used as a component in the coating of pressure-sensitive copy paper [8] and has been detected as a component of volatile compounds (VOC) in the interior air of new cars.

USES

*General adhesives and binding agents for a variety of uses    
*General term which includes clothes, shoes, backpacks/purses/luggage, jewelry, pet apparel, etc.; more specific terms (e.g.     
*Products used to care for apparel (e.g., she polish, products to repair footwear or leather, wterproofing sprays, etc.)    
*Arts and crafts supplies such as painting, beading/jewelry making, scrapbooking, needlecrafts, clay, etc.    
*Relatived to the maintenance and repair of automobiles, products for cleaning and caring for automobiles (auto shampoo, polish/wax, undercarriage treatment, brake grease)
*Binding agents, used in paint, sand, etc    
*Various types of paint for various uses, modifiers included when more information is known
*Related to the building or construction process for buildings or boats (includes activities such as plumbing and electrical work, bricklaying, etc)    
*Related to the building or repair of ships, pleasure boats, or sporting boats
*Materials used in the building process, such as flooring, insulation, caulk, tile, wood, glass, etc.    
*Fillers for paints, textiles, plastics, etc    
*Flooring materials (carpets, wood, vinyl flooring), or related to flooring such as wax or polish for floors    
*Insulating materials to protect from noise, cold, etc (such as used in homes or buildings), insulating materials related to electricity    
*Related to cement, concrete, or asphalt materials
*Wall construction materials, or wall coverings    
*Catalyst, more information not known    
*Term used for colorants, dyes, or pigments; includes colorants for drugs, textiles, personal care products (cosmetics, tatoo inks, hair dye), food colorants, and inks for printing; modifiers included when application is known     
*General construction (as opposed to those things labeled building_construction); i.e.
*Products used to care for apparel (e.g., she polish, products to repair footwear or leather, wterproofing sprays, etc.)    
*Related to computers or the manufacturing of computers    
*Fillers for paints, textiles, plastics, etc    
*Includes antifoaming agents, coagulating agents, dispersion agents, emulsifiers, flotation agents, foaming agents, viscosity adjustors, etc
*Includes food packaging, paper plates, cutlery, small appliances such as roasters, etc.; does not include facilities that manufacture food    
*Plastic products, industry for plastics, manufacturing of plastics, plastic additives (modifiers included when known)
*Additive for products to promote hardening, used in paints and varnishes, plastics, etc.
*Term used for colorants, dyes, or pigments; includes colorants for drugs, textiles, personal care products (cosmetics, tatoo inks, hair dye), food colorants, and inks for printing; modifiers included when application is known     
*Materials used in the building process, such as flooring, insulation, caulk, tile, wood, glass, etc.    
*Wood used as a building material, wood preservatives typically related to manufacturing of chemicals, or laboratory chemicals
*Products used in the kitchen (includes kitchen furniture, kitchen cleaners, excludes appliances, food, or food contact items)    
*Manufacturing of or related to machinery, for production of cement or food, air/spacescraft machinery, electrical machinery, etc    
*Related to metals - manufacturing of metals, casting of metals, production of metals, surface treatment of metals, etc    
*Various types of paint for various uses, modifiers included when more information is knownManufacturing, paper    
*Related to the manufcturing of pulp or paper products, or paper products in general
*Plastic products, industry for plastics, manufacturing of plastics, plastic additives (modifiers included when known)    
*Raw materials used in a variety of products and industries (e.g. in cosmetics, chemical manufacturing, production of metals, etc); modifiers included when known to indicate what the raw materials are used for     
*Rubber products (e.g. tires) and their manufacture    
*Various types of paint for various uses, modifiers included when more information is known
*Volatile and semivolative organic compounds    
*Modifier included when source indicates the product is water base
*Subcategory of personal care and cosmetics, lip care products    
*Subcategory of personal care and cosmetics, related to nail products (nail polish, artificial nails)    
*Inert ingredients in a pesticide
*Related to photography, film, photographic equipment, photographic laboraties, photochemicals, and developing of photographs    
*Plastic products, industry for plastics, manufacturing of plastics, plastic additives (modifiers included when known)    
*Additive for products to promote hardening, used in paints and varnishes, plastics, etc.    
*Softeners for plastic, rubber, paint, or adhesives, or generic 'softeners'    
*Related to the process of printing (newspapers, books media, etc), printing inks, toners, etc
*Term used for colorants, dyes, or pigments; includes colorants for drugs, textiles, personal care products (cosmetics, tatoo inks, hair dye), food colorants, and inks for printing; modifiers included when application is known     
*Inks used for printing or writing; modifier included when application is known
*Accelerators, activators, oxidation agents, reducing agents, etc    
*Rubber products (e.g. tires) and their manufacture    
*Softeners for plastic, rubber, paint, or adhesives, or generic 'softeners'
*Paint removers, graffiti removers, or general solvents    
*Surface treatments for metals, hardening agents, corrosion inhibitors, polishing agents, rust inhibitors, water repellants, etc (surfaces to be applied to often not indicated in source description)     
*Related to metals - manufacturing of metals, casting of metals, production of metals, surface treatment of metals, etc    
*Textiles used for clothing or furniture upholstery, processes related to textiles (e.g.
*Related to chairs and seats
*Toys (e.g. dress-up clothes, dolls, playground equipment, bath toys, etc); pet toys; includes additional modifiers when appropriate    
*Related to products specifically designed for children (e.g. toys, children's cosmetics, etc)
*Includes water softeners, lime removers, and the products used in the process of the collection, purification, and distribution of water