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2-PROPANONE

2-Propanone (2-propanone or dimethyl ketone) is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2CO.
2-Propanone is the simplest and smallest ketone (>C=O). 
2-Propanone is a colorless, highly volatile, and flammable liquid with a characteristic pungent odour, very reminiscent of the smell of pear drops.

CAS Number: 67-64-1
Molecular Formula: C3H6O
Molecular Weight: 58.08
EINECS Number: 200-662-2

Synonyms: 2-Propanone, 2-propanone, 67-64-1, propanone, propan-2-one, Dimethyl ketone, Pyroacetic ether, Methyl ketone, Dimethylformaldehyde, beta-Ketopropane, Dimethylketal, Chevron 2-Propanone, Ketone propane, Aceton, Pyroacetic acid, Ketone, dimethyl, dimethylketone, 2-Propanone (natural), FEMA No. 3326, Dimethyl formaldehyde, RCRA waste number U002, Taimax, Caswell No. 004, HSDB 41, dimethylcetone, Dimethylketon, CCRIS 5953, Propanon, Azeton, NSC 135802, Aceton [German, Dutch, Polish], EINECS 200-662-2, Ketone, dimethyl-, MFCD00008765, .beta.-Ketopropane, 2-Propanone [NF], EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 004101, NSC-135802, UNII-1364PS73AF, DTXSID8021482, CHEBI:15347, AI3-01238, 1364PS73AF, UN1090, (CH3)2CO, DTXCID101482, EC 200-662-2, 2-Propanone (NF), NSC135802, NCGC00091179-01, 2-Propanone (MART.), 2-Propanone [MART.], 2-Propanone (EP IMPURITY), 2-Propanone [EP IMPURITY], 2-Propanone (EP MONOGRAPH), 2-Propanone [EP MONOGRAPH], Acetona, 2-Propanone, for HPLC, >=99.8%, 2-Propanone, for HPLC, >=99.9%, 2-Propanone, ACS reagent, >=99.5%, CAS-67-64-1, ISOFLURANE IMPURITY F (EP IMPURITY), ISOFLURANE IMPURITY F [EP IMPURITY], CHLOROBUTANOL IMPURITY B (EP IMPURITY), CHLOROBUTANOL IMPURITY B [EP IMPURITY], 2-Propanone (1,3-13C2, 99%), 2-Propanone (1,1,1,3,3,3-D6), RCRA waste no. U002, isopropanal, methylketone, Sasetone, methyl-ketone, 2propanone, b-Ketopropane, 2-propanal, 2-Propanone ACS, 2-Propanone (TN), 2-Propanone HPLC grade, methyl methyl ketone, 2-Propanone, for HPLC, 2-Propanone, ACS reagent, 2-Propanone, HPLC Grade, TAK - Toxic Alcohols, 2-Propanone [VANDF], 2-Propanone [FHFI], 2-Propanone [HSDB], 2-Propanone ACS low benzene, 2-Propanone [FCC], 2-Propanone [MI], CH3COCH3, 2-Propanone [USP-RS], 2-Propanone [WHO-DD], 2-Propanone, histological grade, 2-Propanone, analytical standard, 2-Propanone, Environmental Grade, 2-Propanone, Semiconductor Grade, 2-Propanone, LR, >=99%, 2-Propanone, natural, >=97%, UN 1091 (Salt/Mix), Aceton (GERMAN, POLISH), 2-Propanone, puriss., 99.0%, CHEMBL14253, WLN: 1V1, 2-Propanone [for Spectrophotometry], 2-Propanone, AR, >=99.5%, 2-Propanone (water < 1000 ppm), 2-Propanone, Spectrophotometric Grade, 2-Propanone, >=99.5%, ACS reagent, Tox21_111096, Tox21_202480, c0556, LMFA12000057, 2-Propanone 5000 microg/mL in Methanol, 2-Propanone, purum, >=99.0% (GC), AKOS000120890, 2-Propanone (2-13C, 99%), 2-Propanone 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile, UN 1090, 2-Propanone, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%, USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 044101, 2-Propanone [UN1090] [Flammable liquid], 2-Propanone, for chromatography, >=99.8%, 2-Propanone, histological grade, >=99.5%, 2-Propanone, JIS special grade, >=99.5%, 2-Propanone, Laboratory Reagent, >=99.5%, NCGC00260029-01, 2-Propanone, for HPLC, >=99.8% (GC), 2-Propanone, UV HPLC spectroscopic, 99.8%, DESFLURANE IMPURITY H [EP IMPURITY], A0054, 2-Propanone, for luminescence, >=99.5% (GC), InChI=1/C3H6O/c1-3(2)4/h1-2H, NS00003196, 2-Propanone, suitable for determination of dioxins, 2-Propanone, glass distilled HRGC/HPLC trace grade, C00207, D02311, Q49546, 2-Propanone, ACS spectrophotometric grade, >=99.5%, 2-Propanone, ReagentPlus(R), phenol free, >=99.5%, TAS - Toxic alcohols in Human serum (Quantitative), 2-Propanone, >=99%, meets FCC analytical specifications, 2-Propanone, ACS reagent, >=99.5%, <=2 ppm low benzene, 2-Propanone, contains 20.0 % (v/v) acetonitrile, for HPLC, Flavor and Extract Manufacturers' Association Number 3326, 2-Propanone, for UV-spectroscopy, ACS reagent, >=99.7% (GC), 2-Propanone, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard, 2-Propanone, semiconductor grade MOS PURANAL(TM) (Honeywell 17921), 2-Propanone, semiconductor grade ULSI PURANAL(TM) (Honeywell 17014), 2-Propanone, semiconductor grade VLSI PURANAL(TM) (Honeywell 17617), 2-Propanone, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material, 2-Propanone, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., >=99.5% (GC), 2-Propanone, puriss., meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, NF, >=99% (GC), 2-Propanone ALCOHOL;GRAMS DECOLORIZER;GRAM STAIN NO 3;(CH3)2CO;2-Propanon;ketone,dimethyl;ketonepropane;-Ketopropane

2-Propanone is miscible with water and serves as an important organic solvent in industry, home, and laboratory. 
About 6.7 million tonnes were produced worldwide in 2010, mainly for use as a solvent and for production of methyl methacrylate and bisphenol A, which are precursors to widely used plastics.
2-Propanone is a common building block in organic chemistry. 

2-Propanone serves as a solvent in household products such as nail polish remover and paint thinner. 
2-Propanone has volatile organic compound (VOC)-exempt status in the United States.
2-Propanone is produced and disposed of in the human body through normal metabolic processes. 

It is normally present in blood and urine. 
People with diabetic ketoacidosis produce it in larger amounts. 
Ketogenic diets that increase ketone bodies (2-Propanone, β-hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetic acid) in the blood are used to counter epileptic attacks in children who suffer from refractory epilepsy.

2-Propanone is one of the most important solvents as many organic compounds dissolve readily in it but it is also miscible with water.  
It is also a key intermediate in the manufacture of some polymers.
2-Propanone, commonly known as acetone is a simple organic compound that belongs to the ketone functional group, making it the smallest and simplest ketone. 

It is a clear, colorless liquid that is highly volatile, flammable, and has a characteristic sweet, slightly pungent odor. 
The chemical formula for 2-Propanone is C₃H₆O or CH₃-CO-CH₃, indicating that it consists of three carbon atoms, six hydrogen atoms, and one oxygen atom, with a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to the central carbon atom.
2-Propanone is widely used in various industries and everyday products due to its excellent solvent properties. 

2-Propanone is a key ingredient in nail polish removers, paint thinners, and adhesives, and it is also employed in the production of plastics, fibers, pharmaceuticals, and other chemicals. 
Its ability to dissolve both polar and non-polar substances makes it an invaluable solvent in laboratories and industrial settings.
In addition to its practical applications, 2-Propanone is naturally present in the environment as a byproduct of biological processes, including metabolism in humans and animals. 

2-Propanone can also be produced synthetically on a large scale through processes like the cumene hydroperoxide method. 
Despite its usefulness, 2-Propanone must be handled with care, as it is highly flammable and can pose health risks if inhaled in large quantities or if it comes into direct contact with skin or eyes.
2-Propanone (also known as propanone, dimethyl ketone, 2-propanone, propan-2-one and &beta;-ketopropane) is the simplest representative of the group of chemical compounds known as ketones. 

2-Propanone is a colorless, volatile, flammable liquid.
2-Propanone is miscible with water and serves as an important laboratory solvent for cleaning purposes. 
2-Propanone is a highly effective solvent for many organic compounds such as Methanol, ethanol, ether, chloroform, pyridine, etc., and is the active ingredient in nail polish remover. 

2-Propanone is also used to make various plastics, fibers, drugs, and other chemicals.
2-Propanone is obtained by fermentation as a by-product of n-butyl alcohol manufacture, or by chemical synthesis from isopropyl alcohol; from cumene as a by-product in phenol manufacture; or from propane as a by-product of oxidation-cracking.
2-Propanone is another name for 2-Propanone, which is the simplest and smallest ketone. 

2-Propanone's a colorless, volatile, and flammable liquid with a distinct, slightly sweet odor. 
2-Propanone is widely used as a solvent in many industries and household products.
2-Propanone can also be produced from isopropanol using several methods, but the main methodis by catalytic dehydrogenation.

2-Propanone reacts with many chemicals in a marked manner: with phosphorus pentachloride, yields 2-Propanone chloride (CH3)2CCl2, with hydrogen chloride dry, yields both mesityl oxide CH3COCH:C(CH3)2, liquid, bp 132 °C, and phorone (CH3)2C:CHCOCH : C(CH3)2, yellow solid, mp 28 °C, with concentrated H2SO4, yields mesitylene C6H3(CH3)3 (1,3,5),  with NH3, yields 2-Propanone amines, e.g., di2-Propanoneamine C6H12ONH, with HCN, yields 2-Propanone cyanohydrin (CH3)2CHOH·CN, readily converted into alpha-hydroxy acid (CH3)2CHOH·COOH, with sodium hydrogen sulfite, forms 2-Propanonesodiumbisulfite (CH3)2 COH·SO3Na white solid, from which 2-Propanone is readily recoverable by treatment with sodium carbonate solution, with hydroxylamine hydrochloride, forms acetoxime (CH3)2C:NOH, solid, mp 60 °C, with phenylhydrazine, yields 2-Propanonephenyl-hydrazone (CH3)2C:NNHC6H5·H2O, solid,mp 16 °C, anhydrous compound,mp42 °C, with semicarbazide, forms 2-Propanonesemicarbazone (CH3)C:NNHCONH2, solid, mp 189 °C, with magnesium methyl iodide in anhydrous ether (“Grignard’s solution”), yields, after reaction with H2O, trimethylcarbinol (CH3)3COH, a tertiary alcohol, with ethyl thioalcohol and hydrogen chloride dry, yields mercaptol (CH3)2C(SC2H5)2, with hypochlorite, hypobromite, or hypoiodite solution, yields chloroform CHCl3, bromoform CHBr3 or iodoformCHI3, respectively, (13)with mostreducing agents, forms isopropyl alcohol (CH3)2CHOH, a secondary alcohol, but with sodium amalgam forms pinacone (CH3)2COH·COH(CH3)2 with sodium dichromate and H2SO4, forms acetic acid CH3COOH plus CO2. 

When 2-Propanone vapor is passed through a tube at a dull red heat, ketene CH2:CO and methane CH4 are formed.
From the 17th century, and before modern developments in organic chemistry nomenclature, 2-Propanone was given many different names. 
They included "spirit of Saturn", which was given when it was thought to be a compound of lead and, later, "pyro-acetic spirit" and "pyro-acetic ester".

Prior to the name "2-Propanone" being coined by French chemists, it was named "mesit" (from the Greek μεσίτης, meaning mediator) by Carl Reichenbach, who also claimed that methyl alcohol consisted of mesit and ethyl alcohol.
Names derived from mesit include mesitylene and mesityl oxide which were first synthesised from 2-Propanone.
Unlike many compounds with the acet- prefix which have a 2-carbon chain, 2-Propanone has a 3-carbon chain. 

That has caused confusion because there cannot be a ketone with 2 carbons. 
The prefix refers to 2-Propanone's relation to vinegar (acetum in Latin, also the source of the words "acid" and "acetic"), rather than its chemical structure.
2-Propanone was first produced by Andreas Libavius in 1606 by distillation of lead(II) acetate.

In 1832, French chemist Jean-Baptiste Dumas and German chemist Justus von Liebig determined the empirical formula for 2-Propanone.
In 1833, French chemists Antoine Bussy and Michel Chevreul decided to name 2-Propanone by adding the suffix -one to the stem of the corresponding acid (viz, acetic acid) just as a similarly prepared product of what was then confused with margaric acid was named margarone.
By 1852, English chemist Alexander William Williamson realized that 2-Propanone was methyl acetyl; the following year, the French chemist Charles Frédéric Gerhardt concurred.

In 1865, the German chemist August Kekulé published the modern structural formula for 2-Propanone.
Johann Josef Loschmidt had presented the structure of 2-Propanone in 1861, but his privately published booklet received little attention. 
During World War I, Chaim Weizmann developed the process for industrial production of 2-Propanone (Weizmann Process).

In 2010, the worldwide production capacity for 2-Propanone was estimated at 6.7 million tonnes per year.
With 1.56 million tonnes per year, the United States had the highest production capacity, followed by Taiwan and China. 
The largest producer of 2-Propanone is INEOS Phenol, owning 17% of the world's capacity, with also significant capacity (7–8%) by Mitsui, Sunoco and Shell in 2010.

INEOS Phenol also owns the world's largest production site (420,000 tonnes/annum) in Beveren (Belgium). 
Spot price of 2-Propanone in summer 2011 was 1100–1250 USD/tonne in the United States.
2-Propanone (2-propanone or dimethyl ketone) is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2CO. 

It is the simplest and smallest ketone (>C=O). 
It is a colorless, highly volatile, and flammable liquid with a characteristic pungent odour, very reminiscent of the smell of pear drops. 
2-Propanone is miscible with water and serves as an important organic solvent in industry, home, and laboratory. 

About 6.7 million tonnes were produced worldwide in 2010, mainly for use as a solvent and for production of methyl methacrylate and bisphenol A, which are precursors to widely used plastics. 
It is a common building block in organic chemistry. 
2-Propanone serves as a solvent in household products such as nail polish remover and paint thinner. 

2-Propanone has volatile organic compound (VOC)-exempt status in the United States. 
2-Propanone is produced and disposed of in the human body through normal metabolic processes. 
2-Propanone is normally present in blood and urine. 

People with diabetic ketoacidosis produce it in larger amounts. 
Ketogenic diets that increase ketone bodies (2-Propanone, β-hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetic acid) in the blood are used to counter epileptic attacks in children who suffer from refractory epilepsy.
2-Propanone was identified as priority for assessment following the categorization exercise since 2-Propanone was found to meet human health categorization criteria but not the ecological categorization criteria.

2-Propanone, also known as phenyl-2-propanone, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H5CH2COCH3. 
2-Propanone is a colorless oil that is soluble in organic solvents. 
It is a mono-substituted benzene derivative, consisting of an 2-Propanone attached to a phenyl group. 

As such, its systematic IUPAC name is 1-phenyl-2-propanone.
2-Propanone is used in the manufacture of methamphetamine and amphetamine, where it is commonly known as P2P.
Due to illicit drug labs using phenyl2-Propanone to make amphetamines, phenyl2-Propanone was declared a schedule II controlled substance in the United States in 1980.

In humans, phenyl2-Propanone occurs as a metabolite of amphetamine and methamphetamine via FMO3-mediated oxidative deamination.
2-Propanone, propan-2-one, 2-oxo-propane, β {displaystyle beta }-ketopropane, dimethyl ketone or dimethyl ketal), is an aprotic colorless solvent widely used in organic chemistry reactions and the main ingredient in many fingernail polish removers. 
Because it has a medium-high dipole moment it can be used for organic reactions in which ionic reagants are used or in which ionic reaction intermediates are produced. 

Nucleophilic reactions proceed faster in 2-Propanone, compared to alcohols, because anions are less well solvated. 
2-Propanone is miscible with many compounds including water, alcohols, ethers and many other solvents.

2-Propanone is an organic compound and is the simplest ketone. 
2-Propanone has a double bond between carbon and oxygen, known as the carbonyl group. 
Due to the presence of the carbonyl group, these are also called carbonyl compounds.

Melting point: -94 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 56 °C760 mm Hg(lit.)
Density: 0.791 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor density: 2 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 184 mm Hg (20 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.359(lit.)
FEMA: 3326 | 2-Propanone
Flash point: 1 °F
storage temp.: Store at +5°C to +30°C.
solubility: Miscible with water and with ethanol (96 per cent).
pka: 19.3(at 25℃)
form: Liquid
Specific Gravity: 0.79 (25/25℃)
color: Colorless, invisible vapor
Odor: Characteristic pungent odor detectable at 33 to 700 ppm (mean = 130 ppm)
PH: 5-6 (395g/l, H2O, 20°C)
Relative polarity: 0.355
explosive limit: 2.6-12.8%(V)
Odor Threshold: 42ppm
Odor Type: solvent
biological source: synthetic
Relative density, gas (air=1): 2
Water Solubility: soluble
λmax: ≤330 nm
JECFA Number: 139
Merck: 14,66
BRN: 63580
Henry's Law Constant: 2.27 at 14.9 °C, 3.03 at 25 °C, 7.69 at 35.1 °C, 11.76 at 44.9 °C (Betterton, 1991)
Exposure limits: TLV-TWA 1780 mg/m3 (750 ppm), STEL 2375 mg/m3 (ACGIH); 10 h–TWA 590 mg/m3 (250 ppm); IDLH 20,000 ppm (NIOSH).
Dielectric constant: 1.0(0℃)
LogP: -0.160

2-Propanone is produced directly or indirectly from propene. 
Approximately 83% of 2-Propanone is produced via the cumene process; as a result, 2-Propanone production is tied to phenol production. 
In the cumene process, benzene is alkylated with propylene to produce cumene, which is oxidized by air to produce phenol and 2-Propanone:

In the presence of suitable catalysts, two 2-Propanone molecules also combine to form the compound di2-Propanone alcohol (CH3)C=O(CH2)C(OH)(CH3)2, which on dehydration gives mesityl oxide (CH3)C=O(CH)=C(CH3)2. 
This product can further combine with another 2-Propanone molecule, with loss of another molecule of water, yielding phorone and other compounds.

2-Propanone is a weak Lewis base that forms adducts with soft acids like I2 and hard acids like phenol. 
2-Propanone also forms complexes with divalent metals.
Humans exhale several milligrams of 2-Propanone per day. 

2-Propanone arises from decarboxylation of acetoacetate.
Small amounts of 2-Propanone are produced in the body by the decarboxylation of ketone bodies. 
Certain dietary patterns, including prolonged fasting and high-fat low-carbohydrate dieting, can produce ketosis, in which 2-Propanone is formed in body tissue. 

Certain health conditions, such as alcoholism and diabetes, can produce ketoacidosis, uncontrollable ketosis that leads to a sharp, and potentially fatal, increase in the acidity of the blood. 
Since it is a byproduct of fermentation, 2-Propanone is a byproduct of the distillery industry.
2-Propanone is a good solvent for many plastics and some synthetic fibers. 

2-Propanone is used for thinning polyester resin, cleaning tools used with it, and dissolving two-part epoxies and superglue before they harden. 
It is used as one of the volatile components of some paints and varnishes. 
As a heavy-duty degreaser, it is useful in the preparation of metal prior to painting or soldering, and to remove rosin flux after soldering (to prevent adhesion of dirt and electrical leakage and perhaps corrosion or for cosmetic reasons), although it may attack some electronic components, such as polystyrene capacitors.

Although itself flammable, 2-Propanone is used extensively as a solvent for the safe transportation and storage of acetylene, which cannot be safely pressurized as a pure compound. 
Vessels containing a porous material are first filled with 2-Propanone followed by acetylene, which dissolves into the 2-Propanone. 
One litre of 2-Propanone can dissolve around 250 litres of acetylene at a pressure of 10 bars (1.0 MPa).

2-Propanone is used as a solvent by the pharmaceutical industry and as a denaturant in denatured alcohol.
2-Propanone is also present as an excipient in some pharmaceutical drugs.
2-Propanone exists in nature in the Free State. 

In the plants, it mainly exists in essential oils, such as tea oil, rosin essential oil, citrus oil, etc.; human urine and blood and animal urine, marine animal tissue and body fluids contain a small amount of 2-Propanone.
2-Propanone is mainly used as an organic solvent and methyl methacrylate (the main raw material for organic glass).
In the United States and Western Europe, the two accounts for 70% of the total consumption. 

2-Propanone is used for bisphenol A, accounting for 10% to 15%, and the others 15% % to 20%.
2-Propanone is mainly responsible for the inhibition and anesthesia of the central nervous system and exposure to high concentrations may cause liver, kidney, and pancreas impair to particular people. 
Because of its low toxicity, rapid metabolism and detoxification, acute poisoning under production conditions is rare. 

In case acute poisoning happens, symptoms of vomiting, shortness of breath, paralysis, and even coma can occur. 
After oral administration, burning sensation in the lips and throat may occur after hours of incubation, such as dry mouth, vomiting, drowsiness, acidity and ketosis, and even temporary disturbance of consciousness. 
The long-term damage of 2-Propanone to the human body is manifested as irritation to the eyes such as tearing, photophobia and infiltration of the corneal epithelium, as well as dizziness, burning sensation, throat irritation, and coughing.

2-Propanone is a flammable, colorless liquid with a pleasant odor. 
2-Propanone is used widely as an organic solvent and in the chemical industry. 
It is the simplest ketone, which also goes by the name dimethyl ketone (DMK). 

2-Propanone was originally referred to as pyroacetic spirit because it was obtained from the destructive distillation of acetates and acetic acid.
2-Propanone, CH3COCH3, also known as 2-propanone and dimethylketone, is a colorless, volatile,flammable liquid that boils at 56°C (133 OF). 
It is misciblewith water and is oftenused as a solventin the manufacture of lacquers and paints.

Reported found in apple, pear, grape, pineapple, strawberry, raspberry, tomato, black currant, citrus, onion and potato; also reported found in cocoa leaves, in Mexican goosefoot and in the oils of coriander and lavender. 
In trace amounts it has been reportedly identified in the oil of bitter orange, in distilled wine and in coffee aroma

2-Propanone was reported that a mixture of 2-Propanone and chloroform, in a residue bottle, exploded. 
Since addition of 2-Propanone to chloroform in the presence of base will result in a highly exothermic reaction, 2-Propanone is thought that a base was in the bottle. 
Also, Nitrosyl chloride, sealed in a tube with a residue of 2-Propanone in the presence of platinum catalyst, gave an explosive reaction. 

The reaction of nitrosyl perchlorate and 2-Propanone ignites and explodes. 
Explosions occur with mixtures of nitrosyl perchlorate and primary amine. 
Reacts violently with nitric acid. 

Also causes exothermic reaction when in contact with aldehydes.
2-Propanone is used as a solvent or cosolvent in topical preparations, and as an aid in wet granulation.
It has also been used when formulating tablets with water-sensitive active ingredients, or to solvate poorly water-soluble binders in a wet granulation process. 

2-Propanone has also been used in the formulation of microspheres to enhance drug release.
Owing to its low boiling point, 2-Propanone has been used to extract thermolabile substances from crude drugs.
2-Propanone, more commonly referred to as 2-Propanone, is a small organic molecule that is part of the ketone family, characterized by a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two alkyl groups. 

With the molecular formula C₃H₆O and the structural formula CH₃-CO-CH₃, it consists of a central carbon atom double-bonded to oxygen, flanked by two methyl groups (CH₃). 
This arrangement makes 2-Propanone highly symmetrical and gives it unique chemical properties, such as high polarity and the ability to dissolve a wide variety of substances.
2-Propanone is a naturally occurring compound that is found in small quantities in the human body as a byproduct of normal metabolic processes, especially during the breakdown of fats. 

For example, during ketosis, the body produces 2-Propanone when glucose is not readily available for energy, such as during fasting, prolonged exercise, or low-carbohydrate diets. 
It is also produced by some plants and microorganisms and released into the atmosphere during the natural decomposition of organic matter.
On an industrial scale, 2-Propanone is primarily synthesized through the cumene process, where it is produced as a byproduct of phenol synthesis. 

2-Propanone is one of the most important industrial chemicals, with widespread applications across many fields. 
Its strong solvency powers make it essential in dissolving resins, plastics, oils, and other organic compounds. 
2-Propanone is commonly used as a solvent in the production of plastics (like acrylics), synthetic fibers, and adhesives, and it is frequently employed in the pharmaceutical industry for drug synthesis.

In daily life, 2-Propanone is found in products such as nail polish removers, paint thinners, and household cleaning agents, as it is effective in dissolving grease, wax, and paint residues.
2-Propanones volatility allows it to evaporate quickly without leaving residues, which is another reason it is widely used.
Despite its versatility, 2-Propanone is classified as a hazardous substance due to its flammability and potential health effects. 

2-Propanone evaporates rapidly at room temperature, creating flammable vapors that can ignite with a spark or heat source. 
Prolonged exposure to its vapors can cause irritation to the eyes, nose, throat, and lungs, and in high concentrations, it may cause dizziness or headaches.
Contact with the liquid can also lead to skin dryness and irritation due to its ability to dissolve natural oils. 

Because of these risks, it must be handled with care, with appropriate ventilation and protective equipment when used in significant amounts.
In summary, 2-Propanone (2-Propanone) is a crucial chemical compound with widespread natural and industrial significance. 
Its combination of solvent power, versatility, and ease of production has made it indispensable in fields ranging from chemistry and manufacturing to cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. 

However, its potential hazards necessitate careful handling to ensure safety in its various applications.
2-Propanone should be used only in areas free of ignition sources, and quantities greater than 1 liter should be stored in tightly sealed metal containers in areas separate from oxidizers.

Uses: 
An important organic raw material in the chemical, artificial fiber, medicine, paint, plastics, organic glass, cosmetics and other industries; an excellent organic solvent that dissolves many organic products such as resin, cellulose acetate, acetylene and so on.
An important raw material for the synthesis of ketene, acetic anhydride, iodoform, polyisoprene rubber, methacrylic acid, methyl ester, chloroform, and epoxy resins.
The 2-Propanone cyanohydrin obtained from the reaction of 2-Propanone with hydrocyanic acid is the raw material of methacrylic resin (perspex).

A raw material in the production of epoxy resin intermediate bisphenol A.
In pharmaceuticals, 2-Propanone is used as extractants for a variety of vitamins and hormones in addition to vitamin C, and dewaxing solvents for petroleum refining.
A raw material for nail polish remover in cosmetics.

One of the raw materials for synthesizing pyrethroids in pesticide industry
2-Propanone is often used to wipe the black ink above the copper tube in the precision copper tube industry.
2-Propanone is used in the manufacture of a largenumber of compounds, such as acetic acid,chloroform, mesityl oxide, and MIBK; in themanufacture of rayon, photographic films,and explosives; as a common solvent; inpaint and varnish removers; and for purifyingparaffins.

2-Propanone is used in the chemical industry in numerous applications. 
The primary use of 2-Propanone is to produce 2-Propanone cyanohydrin, which is then used in the production of methyl methacrylate (MMA). 
Another use of 2-Propanone in the chemical industry is for bisphenol A (BPA). 

BPA results form the condensation reaction of 2-Propanone and phenol in the presence of an appropriate catalyst. 
2-Propanone is used in polycarbonate plastics, polyurethanes, and epoxy resins. 
Polycarbonate plastics are tough and durable and are often used as a glass substitute.

In addition to its use as a chemical feedstock and intermediate, 2-Propanone is used extensively as an organic solvent in lacquers, varnishes, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. 
Nail polish remover is one of the most common products containing 2-Propanone. 
2-Propanone is used to stabilize acetylene for transport .

Solvent for fats, oils, waxes, resins, rubber, plastics, lacquers, varnishes, rubber cements. manufacture of methyl isobutyl ketone, mesityl oxide, acetic acid (ketene process), di2-Propanone alcohol, chloroform, iodoform, bromoform, explosives, aeroplane dopes, rayon, photographic films, isoprene; storing acetylene gas (takes up about 24 times its vol of the gas); extraction of various principles from animal and plant substances; in paint and varnish removers; purifying paraffin; hardening and dehydrating tissues. Pharmaceutic aid (solvent).
2-Propanone′s luminesence intensity is dependent upon the solution components. 
The absorption of UV light by 2-Propanone, results in its photolysis and the production of radials.

2-Propanone is used as a solvent in nail polish remover and many other chemicals. 
Used in the production of lubricating oils and as an intermediate in the manufacture of chloroform and of various pharmaceuticals and pesticides.
One of the primary uses of 2-Propanone is as an industrial solvent, where it is employed to dissolve various organic compounds such as plastics, resins, and oils. 

In the manufacturing of plastics and synthetic fibers like polyacrylate and polycarbonate, 2-Propanone plays a key role in dissolving raw materials and cleaning equipment. 
Its ability to dissolve and remove unwanted residues makes it indispensable in processes where precision and cleanliness are essential, such as in electronics manufacturing, where it is used to clean printed circuit boards and electronic components.
In the cosmetics industry, 2-Propanone is best known as a key ingredient in nail polish removers, where its ability to quickly dissolve nail lacquer makes it highly effective. 

2-Propanone is also used in other cosmetic products such as skin cleansers, where it can help remove oils, grease, and impurities from the skin. 
Due to its fast evaporation rate, 2-Propanone is sometimes used in formulations requiring quick drying, although care must be taken to prevent skin irritation.
2-Propanone serves as a thinning agent and solvent in the production of paints, varnishes, and lacquers, helping to adjust their viscosity and improve application. 

2-Propanone is particularly effective at dissolving dried paint, which makes it useful for cleaning brushes, rollers, and other painting tools. 
Additionally, it is frequently used in adhesive formulations, such as those found in epoxy resins and cyanoacrylate glues, to enhance their consistency or as a remover to break down cured adhesives.
In pharmaceutical manufacturing, 2-Propanone is often used as a reaction medium and solvent for the production of drugs, as it provides an excellent environment for chemical reactions to occur efficiently. 

2-Propanone is also used to extract active compounds from raw materials, such as plant-derived chemicals, due to its ability to dissolve a wide range of substances. 
Beyond this, it plays a role in synthesizing other important chemicals, such as methyl methacrylate and bisphenol A, which are intermediates in producing plastics and resins.
In scientific research and laboratory settings, 2-Propanone is an essential cleaning agent used to clean and sterilize laboratory equipment such as glassware. 

2-Propanone is also widely used to precipitate proteins in biochemical studies and as a reagent in various organic synthesis reactions. 
Its ability to dissolve organic impurities and its high volatility make it an effective choice for preparing samples or purifying compounds.
In healthcare, 2-Propanone is used as a disinfectant and cleaning agent in some medical procedures. 

2-Propanone can also act as a solvent for certain topical medications and antiseptics, where it helps dissolve active ingredients and ensures even application. 
Historically, 2-Propanone has been used in small quantities in antiseptic formulations due to its antimicrobial properties.
In the home, 2-Propanone is commonly found in multipurpose cleaning agents due to its effectiveness in removing grease, stains, wax, and ink. 

2-Propanone is also used for cleaning up spills involving adhesives, such as superglue, as it can dissolve these substances quickly.
2-Propanone is utilized in environmental testing and cleanup efforts, particularly in the removal of oil or grease from surfaces and tools during remediation processes. 
Additionally, its use extends to analytical chemistry, where it serves as a standard solvent for determining the composition of various substances.

2-Propanone is occasionally used as an additive in fuel systems, where it is claimed to improve fuel efficiency by reducing the surface tension of fuel, leading to better atomization and combustion. 
However, this use is less widespread and is subject to debate regarding its efficacy and safety for modern engines.
In addition to its synthetic applications, 2-Propanone is also used in the extraction of natural products such as essential oils and plant extracts, as its solvent properties make it ideal for isolating desired compounds while leaving behind impurities. 

2-Propanone is also employed in the food and flavor industry for preparing food-grade extracts and flavorings, as approved by regulatory standards.
2-Propanone is a solvent considered to be non-comedogenic and occasionally used in skin toners. 
2-Propanone is primarily used in nail polish remover. 

2-Propanone could be drying and very irritating to the skin depending on the concentration and frequency of use.
2-Propanone is valuable solvent component in acrylic/nitrocellulose automotive lacquers. 
2-Propanone is the solvent of choice in film coatings operations which use vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer formulations.

Other ketones that may be used in these film coating operations include methyl isobutyl ketone, ethyl n-amyl ketone, and diisobutyl ketone.
2-Propanone, blends of MIBK and MEK, methyl namyl ketone, ethyl n-amyl ketone, and diisobutyl ketone are all useful solvents for vinyl resin copolymers. 
The presence of one of the slower evaporating ketones in the solvent blend prevents quick drying, improves flow, and gives blush resistance to the coating. 

2-Propanone is also used as a resin thinner in polyester resins and as a clean up solvent for the resin reactor kettle.
In solvents industry, 2-Propanone is a component of solvent blends in urethane, nitrile rubber, and neoprene industrial adhesives.
2-Propanone is the primary solvent in resin-type adhesives and pressure sensitive chlorinated rubber adhesives. 

2-Propanone also can be used to extract fats, oils, waxes, and resins from natural products, to dewax lubricating oils, and to extract certain essential oils.
2-Propanone is also an important chemical intermediate in the preparation of several oxygenated solvents including the ketones, di2-Propanone alcohol, mesityl oxide, methyl isobutyl ketone, and isophorone.

Safety Profile:
Moderately toxic by various routes. 
A skin and severe eye irritant. 
Human systemic effects by inhalation: changes in EEG, changes in carbohydrate metabolism, nasal effects, conjunctiva irritation, respiratory system effects, nausea and vomiting, and muscle weakness. 

Human systemic effects by ingestion: coma, kidney damage, and metabolic changes. Narcotic in high concentration. 
In industry, no injurious effects have been reported other than skin irritation resulting from its defatting action, or headache from prolonged inhalation. 
Experimental reproductive effects a common air contaminant. 

Highly flammable liquid, dangerous disaster hazard due to fire and explosion hazard; can react vigorously with oxidizing materials. 
Potentially explosive reaction with nitric acid + sulfuric acid, bromine trifluoride, nitrosyl chloride + platinum, nitrosyl perchlorate, chromyl chloride, thiotrithiazyl perchlorate, and (2,4,6-trichloro-l,3,5triazine + water). 
Reacts to form explosive peroxide products with 2-methyl-1,3butadiene, hydrogen peroxide, and peroxomonosulfuric acid. 

Ignites on contact with activated carbon, chromium trioxide, dioxygen difluoride + carbon dioxide, and potassium-tert-butoxide. 
Reacts violently with bromoform, chloroform + alkalies, bromine, and sulfur dichloride. 
Incompatible with CrO, (nitric + acetic acid), NOCl, nitryl perchlorate, permonosulfuric acid, NaOBr, (sulfuric acid + potassium dichromate), (tho-diglycol + hydrogen peroxide), trichloromelamine, air, HNO3, chloroform, and H2SO4. 

2-Propanone is considered moderately toxic, and is a skin irritant and severe eye irritant. 
Skin irritation has been reported due to its defatting action, and prolonged inhalation may result in headaches. 
Inhalation of 2-Propanone can produce systemic effects such as conjunctival irritation, respiratory system effects, nausea, and vomiting.

2-Propanone's most hazardous property is its extreme flammability. 
In small amounts, 2-Propanone burns with a dull blue flame; in larger amounts, fuel evaporation causes incomplete combustion and a bright yellow flame. 
When hotter than 2-Propanone's flash point of −20 °C (−4 °F), air mixtures of 2.5‑12.8% 2-Propanone (by volume) may explode or cause a flash fire. 

Vapors can flow along surfaces to distant ignition sources and flash back.
Static discharge may also ignite 2-Propanone vapors, though 2-Propanone has a very high ignition initiation energy and accidental ignition is rare.

2-Propanone's auto-ignition temperature is the relatively high 465 °C (869 °F); moreover, auto-ignition temperature depends upon experimental conditions, such as exposure time, and has been quoted as high as 535 °C.
Even pouring or spraying 2-Propanone over red-glowing coal will not ignite it, due to the high vapour concentration and the cooling effect of evaporation.

Health Hazard:
The acute toxicity of 2-Propanone is low. 
2-Propanone is primarily a central nervous system depressant at high concentrations (greater than 12,000 ppm). 
Unacclimated volunteers exposed to 500 ppm 2-Propanone experienced eye and nasal irritation, but it has been reported that 1000 ppm for an 8-hour day produced no effects other than slight transient irritation to eyes, nose, and throat. 

Therefore there are good warning properties for those unaccustomed to working with 2-Propanone; however, frequent use of 2-Propanone seems to cause accommodation to its slight irritating properties. 
2-Propanone is practically nontoxic by ingestion. 
A case of a man swallowing 200 mL of 2-Propanone resulted in his becoming stuporous after 1 hour and then comatose; he regained consciousness 12 hour later. 

2-Propanone is slightly irritating to the skin, and prolonged contact may cause dermatitis. 
Liquid 2-Propanone produces moderate transient eye irritation. 2-Propanone has not been found to be carcinogenic in animal tests or to have effects on reproduction or fertility.
2-Propanone evaporates rapidly, even from water and soil. 

Once entered the atmosphere, it is degraded by photolysis, a reaction in which free radicals are involved or removed by wet deposits. 
2-Propanone is a significant groundwater contaminant because of its miscibility in water.

Fire Hazard:
2-Propanone will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. 
Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. 
2-Propanone vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. 

2-Propanone most vapors are heavier than air. 
They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). 
Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. 

2-Propanone runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. 
Containers may explode when heated. 
Many liquids are lighter than water.


 

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