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ADCA (AZODICARBONAMIDE) 


CAS NO:123-77-3
EC NO:204-650-8

Azodicarbonamide, ADCA, ADA, or azo(bis)formamide, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C2H4O2N4.
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide)  is a yellow to orange-red, odorless, crystalline powder. 
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide)  is sometimes called a 'yoga mat' chemical because of its widespread use in foamed plastics.
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide)  was first described by John Bryden in 1959.

Synthesis
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide)  is prepared in two steps via treatment of urea with hydrazine to form biurea, as described in this idealized equation:

2 OC(NH2)2 + N2H4 → H2NC(O)-N(H)-N(H)-C(O)NH2 + 2 NH3
Oxidation with chlorine or chromic acid yields azodicarbonamide:

H2NC(O)-N(H)-N(H)-C(O)NH2 + Cl2 → H2NC(O)-N=N-C(O)NH2 + 2 HCl

Applications:
Blowing agent
The principal use of azodicarbonamide is in the production of foamed plastics as a blowing agent. The thermal decomposition of azodicarbonamide produces nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and ammonia gases, which are trapped in the polymer as bubbles to form a foamed article.

ADCA (Azodicarbonamide)  is used in plastics, synthetic leather, and other industries and can be pure or modified. Modification affects the reaction temperatures. Pure azodicarbonamide generally reacts around 200 °C. In the plastic, leather, and other industries, modified azodicarbonamide (average decomposition temperature 170 °C) contains additives that accelerate the reaction or react at lower temperatures.

An example of the use of azodicarbonamide as a blowing agent is found in the manufacture of vinyl (PVC) and EVA-PE foams, where it forms bubbles upon breaking down into gas at high temperature. Vinyl foam is springy and does not slip on smooth surfaces. 
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide)  is useful for carpet underlay and floor mats. Commercial yoga mats made of vinyl foam have been available since the 1980s; the first mats were cut from carpet underlay.

Food additive
As a food additive, azodicarbonamide is used as a flour bleaching agent and a dough conditioner.
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide)  reacts with moist flour as an oxidizing agent.The main reaction product is biurea, which is stable during baking.Secondary reaction products include semicarbazide and ethyl carbamate.
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide)  is known by the E number E927. Many restaurants in the US fast food industry removed the additive in response to negative publicity.

Properties:
Chemical formula:    C2H4N4O2
Molar mass:    116.080 g·mol−1
Appearance:    Yellow to orange/red crystalline powder
Melting point:    225 °C (437 °F; 498 K) (decomposes)

Azodicarbonamide (ADCA) is widely used by industry in the manufacture of a variety of products. 

About ADCA (Azodicarbonamide)
Helpful information
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 to < 100 000 tonnes per annum.

ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is used in formulation or re-packing and at industrial sites.

Consumer Uses
ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or in which chemical products the substance might be used. ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is most likely to be released to the environment.

Article service life
ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is most likely to be released to the environment. ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or into which articles the substance might have been processed.

Widespread uses by professional workers
ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or in which chemical products the substance might be used. ECHA has no public registered data on the types of manufacture using ADCA (Azodicarbonamide). ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is most likely to be released to the environment.

Formulation or re-packing
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is used in the following products: laboratory chemicals and polymers.
Release to the environment of ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.

Uses at industrial sites
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is used in the following products: polymers and laboratory chemicals. ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging. ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is used for the manufacture of: plastic products and rubber products. Release to the environment of ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles and as processing aid.

Manufacture
ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is most likely to be released to the environment.

Azodicarbonamide, ADCA, ADA, or azoformamide, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C₂H₄O₂N₄.

Azodicarbonamide (ADCA) is a chemical substance approved for use as a whitening agent in cereal flour and as a dough conditioner in bread baking.

ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is a dough conditioner that exists as a yellow to orange-red crystalline powder practically insoluble in water. 
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is used in aging and bleaching cereal flour to produce a more manage- able dough and a lighter, more voluminous loaf of bread. 
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is used in bread flours and bread as a dough conditioner. 
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) can be used with the oxidizing agent potassium bromate. a typical use level is less than 45 ppm.

ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is easily ignited and burns rapidly. Confined samples show a high rate of pressure rise during thermal decomposition, which produces carbon monoxide and nitrogen. Sensitive to temperatures exceeding 122°F. May be sensitive to exposure to light. Stable in bulk when stored for two weeks at temperatures up to 140°F. Slightly unstable in water suspension (showed1.3% decomposition at 2 mg/mL over a two-week period at room temperature in the light but no decomposition at 41°F over a two-week period in the dark . Reacts with hot water to give nitrogen, carbon monoxide, and ammonia . Decomposes in hot hydrochloric acid. Incompatible with strong acids and bases, and with compounds of metals.

ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is a synthetic chemical that exists at ambient temperature as a yellow-orange crystalline solid. 
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is mainly used as a blowing agent in the rubber and plastics industries in the expansion of a wide range of polymers, including polyvinyl chloride, polyolefins, and natural/synthetic rubbers. 
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is also used as a food additive, such as an aging and bleaching ingredient in cereal flour and as a dough conditioner in bread baking.

Uses
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is used as an additive to wheat flour breads and dough to improve the physical properties of the dough and the baking performance. 
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is also used to optimize the levels of oxidant/re ducing agents in the baking of wheat flour.

Uses
As blowing and foaming agent for plastics; as maturing and bleaching agent in cereal flour.

Uses
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is a dough conditioner that exists as a yellow to orange-red crystalline powder practically insoluble in water. 
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is used in aging and bleaching cereal flour to produce a more manage- able dough and a lighter, more voluminous loaf of bread. 
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is used in bread flours and bread as a dough conditioner. 
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) can be used with the oxidizing agent potassium bromate. a typical use level is less than 45 ppm.

General Description
A yellow to orange powder. Insoluble in water and common solvents. Soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide. Nontoxic.

ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is an organic molecular entity.

Industry Uses:
-Processing aids, not otherwise listed
-Propellants and blowing agents

Consumer Uses:    
-Fabric, textile, and leather products not covered elsewhere
-Floor coverings
-Food packaging
-Paints and coatings
-Plastic and rubber products not covered elsewhere

Industry Processing Sectors:
-Custom compounding of purchased resin
-Miscellaneous manufacturing
-Paint and coating manufacturing
-Plastic material and resin manufacturing
-Plastics product manufacturing
-Rubber product manufacturing
-Synthetic dye and pigment manufacturing
-Synthetic rubber manufacturing

ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is a synthetic chemical that exists at ambient temperatures as a yellow orange crystalline soild. 
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is poorly soluble in water.

ADCA (Azodicarbonamide), or azobisformamide, is a chemical compound being used as a food additive to bleach and increase the shelf life of breads, among other uses.

ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C2H4O2N4. 
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is a yellow to orange red, odorless, crystalline powder. As a food additive, it is known by the E number E927.

ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is used as a food additive, a flour bleaching agent and improving agent. 
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) reacts with moist flour as an oxidizing agent.  Secondary reaction products include semicarbazide and ethyl carbamate.

ADCA (Azodicarbonamide), the diamide of azodicarboxylic acid, is an orange-red crystalline solid. 
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is made industrially by the condensation reaction between hydrazine sulfate and urea under high temperature and pressure, followed by oxidation with NaOCl.

ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) has several commercial uses: 
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is a blowing agent for foaming rubbers and plastics, a bleaching (oxidizing) agent in cereal flours, and a dough conditioner for baking bread.

ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is an ingredient used as a whitening agent in cereal flour and as a dough conditioner in bread baking, approved by U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is a compound with the molecular formula C2H4O2N4. 
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is:
-yellow to orange red
-odorless
-crystalline powder

ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is a chemical generally used as a blowing agent in the production of foamed plastics. 
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) can also be used as a food additive to strengthen and enhance the elasticity of the dough. The World Health Organization considers that the main concern of azodicarbonamide relates to the risk of developing occupational asthma in the work environment. Nevertheless, such health effect has not been observed from the consumption of bread with azodicarbonamide. The Codex Alimentarius Commission and a number of countries (e.g. the US, Canada, Mainland China and Korea) have set standards for the use of azodicarbonamide in flours.

ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is a food additive used to strengthen and enhance the elasticity of the dough for making bread.

ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) uses and applications include: 
-Blowing agent for plastics, wire coatings, foamed polyolefins for trimming, upholstery, insulation, sealing, sound deadening in construction, linings, protective padding, flotation devices, sport shoes, protective packaging; 
-flour treatment agent; bleaching agent in cereal flour; maturing agent for flour; -chemical foaming agent for ABS, acetal, acrylic, EVA, HDPE, LDPE, PPO, PP, PS, HIPS, flexible PVC, TPE; 
-blowing agent in food-contact rubber articles for repeated use; 
-blowing agent in food-contact foamed plastics; 
-in closure-sealing gaskets for food containers.

INDUSTRY:
-Plastics, 
-Rubber, 
-Construction 

Formula: C2H4N4O2 / NH2CON=NCONH2
Molecular mass: 116.1
Decomposes at 225°C
Relative density (water = 1): 1.65
Solubility in water: none 

ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is a strong organic foaming agent of heat decomposition type. The decomposition temperature range is small. 
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) can be decomposed into N2, CO, CO2. 
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is free from poison, smell and pollution, but it can be decomposed at high temperature (>120°C).

ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is used as a foaming agent for producing of various foamed plastics as PVC, EVA, PP, PE, PS etc., imitation leather and plastic products with high demands and dense, homogeneous apertures. 
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is used to get good elasticity, homogeneous foamed apertures and high strength of the appropriate production..

ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is a yellow orangish powder, more commonly used commercially in the creation of foamed plastics – like yoga mats, shoe soles, floor mats and window gaskets.

ADCA (Azodicarbonamide), also known as azo(bis)formamide or Diazenedicarboxamide, is a chemical compound used as a food additive, a flour bleaching agent, and a dough conditioner. 

ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) is an ingredient commonly used as a whitening agent in flour and a dough conditioner in bread. However, its safety as a food additive is controversial mainly due to its application as a blowing agent in foamed plastics (e.g. yoga mats) and the side effects of semicarbazide (a breakdown product of ADA). 

Food grade ADA is used for the purpose of making flour white and strengthening dough in bread. Due to the functions of bleaching and oxidation, azodicarbonamide is a fast-acting gluten enhancer that strengthens the elasticity and toughness of gluten, and makes a high-strength dough. 
ADCA (Azodicarbonamide) works immediately even if the flour is wet. 

Used as a dough conditioner to produce and airy and chewy loaf.


IUPAC names:
(E)-(carbamoylimino)urea; (Z)-(carbamoylimino)urea
(E)-carbamoyliminourea
1,1'-Azobiscarbamide
AZOBISCARBOXAMIDE
AZODICARBONAMIDE
Azodicarbonamide
Azodicarbonamide
C,C'-Azodi(formamide)
C,C'-azodi(formamide)
c,c'-azodi(formamide)
C,C'-azodi(formamide)
C,C′-azodi(formamide)
Carbamoyliminourea
carbamoyliminourea
Diazene-1,2-dicarboxamide
diazene-1,2-dicarboxamide
DIAZENEDICARBOXAMIDE
Diazenedicarboxamide

SYNONYMS:
1,1'-AZOBISFORMAMIDE
1,1-AZOBISFORMAMIDE
Azobisformamide
Azodicarbamide
AZODICARBONAMIDE
AZODICARBOXAMIDE
AZODICARBOXYLIC ACID DIAMIDE
AZOFOAM E
DICARBAMOYLDIMIDE
1,1’-azobiscarbamide
1,1’-azobis-formamid
1,1’-azodiformamide
1,1'-Azodiformamide
abfa
az
azobiscarbonamide
azobiscarboxamide
azodicarboamide
Azodiformamide
celogenaz
(E)-Azodicarbonamide
(E)-(carbamoylimino)urea
(E)-1,2-Diazendicarboxamid [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
(E)-1,2-Diazenedicarboxamide [ACD/IUPAC Name]
(E)-1,2-Diazènedicarboxamide [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
(E)-Diazene-1,2-dicarboxamide
1,2-Diazenedicarboxamide, (E)- [ACD/Index Name]
123-77-3 [RN]
56Z28B9C8O
ADA
azodicarbonamida [Portuguese]
Azodicarbonamide [Wiki]
Azodicarboxamide
C,C'-azodi(formamide)
LQ1040000
MFCD00007958 [MDL number]

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