PRODUCTS

ADH (ADIPIC ACID DIHYDRAZIDE)

ADH (ADIPIC ACID DIHYDRAZIDE) = ADIPYL HYDRAZIDE = ADIPOHYDRAZIDE

CAS No.: 1071-93-8
EC Number: 213-999-5
MDL number: MFCD00007614
Chemical formula: C6H14N4O2

ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is a chemical used for cross-linking water-based emulsions.
ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is a symmetrical molecule with a C4 backbone and the reactive group is C=ONHNH2.
ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is made by the reaction of an organic acid with hydrazine.

Other dihydrazides with different backbones are also common, including isophthalic dihydrazide (IDH) and sebacic dihydrazide (SDH).
ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is the most common dihydrazide crosslinking agent within a series of dihydrazides such as sebacic dihydrazide (SDH) and isophthalic dihydrazide (IDH).

ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide)’s has a melting point of 180 °C and a molecular weight of 174; both are lower than the alternative dihydrazides SDH and IDH.
ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is the most suitable hydrazide cross-linking agent.

ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is weakly alkaline, and there is a possibility of agglomeration when solid ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is added directly to the emulsion, so usually ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) should be dissolved in hot water before use.
ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is white to slightly yellow crystalline powder.

Slightly soluble in water, the solubility of ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) in water changes greatly with temperature, whose solubility can increase 20 times.
The solubility at 15 ℃ is 1.44 g / 100 ml; the solubility at 25 ℃ is 2.3 g / 100 ml; the solubility at 100 ℃ is 160 g /100 ml.
ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) belongs to the class of organic compounds known as carboxylic acid hydrazides.

These are carboxylic acid derivatives containing a carbonyl group in which the carbon is directly linked to a hydrazide group (N-N).
ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is a homobifunctional cross-linking reagent specific for aldehydes resulting in relatively stable hydrazone linkages.

ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) (also called hexanedioic acid) is a white, crystalline compound of C6 straight-chain dicarboxylic acid; slightly soluble in water and soluble in alcohol and acetone.
Almost all of the commercial ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is produced from cyclohexane through two sequent oxidation processes.

The first oxidation is the reacting of cyclohexane with oxygen in the presents of cobalt or manganese catalysts at a temperature of 150 - 160 C, which produce cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone.
Then, the intermediates are further reacted with nitric acid and air with a catalyst (copper or vanadium) or without nitric acid.

Cyclohexane can be prepared by the hydrogenation of benzene.
There are other ways such as the reactions using phenol, butadiene, and various fats as the starting material.
ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is a cross-linking agent for aqueous acrylic emulsions.

ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is a symmetrical molecule with a C4 backbone and the reactive group is C=ONHNH2.
ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is made by the reaction of an organic acid with hydrazine.
Other dihydrazides with different backbones are also common, including isophthalic dihydrazide and sebacic dihydrazide.

ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is an important molecule by possessing the two symmetrical amido groups containing carbonyl and terminal amino groups.
ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is the most suitable hydrazide crosslinking agent.
ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) and diacetone acrylamide have been widely used in water-based paint emulsion.

ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is weakly alkaline, solid ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is directly added to the emulsion may produce coalescence, usually ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) should be dissolved in hot water (poor solubility in cold water) and reused.
ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is physical and chemical properties appearance white crystalline powder

ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is soluble in water, slightly soluble in acetone, and acetic anhydride or acid chloride can occur acylation reaction, is an important amide hydrazine compounds.

USES and APPLICATIONS of ADH (ADIPIC ACID DIHYDRAZIDE):
-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) can also be used as a hardener for certain epoxy resins.
-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is an effective crosslinking agent, curative and hardener.
-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is used as a difunctional crosslinking agent in paints and coatings for certain water-based acrylic emulsions.

-A small use is as a formaldehyde scavenger preventing the liberation of formaldehyde.
-The applications of ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) are facilitated by the nucleophilicity of the amine function (good reaction characteristics), the good overall properties and weatherability of cured systems.

-The moderate solubility of ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) in water (50 g./liter) and common organic solvents facilitates the use of ADH in aqueous and solvent based systems.
-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is used as a hardener for epoxy resins and a chain extender for polyurethanes.

-Used Chemical Synthesis, Epoxy Resins, Plastic, Resin & Rubber, Crosslinkers, Emulsifiers, Fibers, Polymers, Coatings, Adhesives, Sealants & Elastomers, Chemical & Materials Manufacturing
-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) has been widely used in water-based paint emulsions in combination with diacetone acrylamide.

-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is used as a formaldehyde scavenger and reacts with formaldehyde, thereby preventing the volatilizing of formaldehyde in the air.
-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is also employed as a paint additive and coating additive.
ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is also used as an intermediate.

-Further, ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is used for cross-linking water-based emulsions and as a hardener for certain epoxy resins, which finds application in powder coating.
-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is a homobifunctional cross-linking reagent specific for aldehydes resulting in relatively stable hydrazone linkages.

-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is typically, used in the linking of glycoproteins, such as antibodies, in a site specific fashion following periodate oxidation.
-Oxidation and coupling may conveniently be performed at pH 5.0 due to the low pKa of the hydrazide which avoids competition by primary amines.
-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) has been used as a chemical additive in a variety of cosmetic products.

-The ingredient was previously reported to be used; however, there are no reported uses of ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) during 1992.
-Paint industry environment-friendly products.
-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is a cross-linking agent for aqueous acrylic emulsions.

-Also used as epoxy resin curing agent and formaldehyde scavenger.
-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) reacts very quickly with ketones.
For example, ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is easy to react with the aldehyde group of the ketone or formaldehyde of diacetone acrylamide.

-In addition, ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) can also react with epoxy groups such as amino compounds.
-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is used to functionalize magnetic nanoparticles for gylcopeptitde enrichment and identification.
-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) can also be used as a chain extension for liquid rubber.

-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide), also known as ADH or Adipohydrazide, can be used as a hardener for epoxy resins and for cross-linking water-based emulsions.
-Homobifunctional cross-linking reagent that is specific for aldehydes resulting in relatively stable hydrazone linkages.
-This is commonly used in the linking of glycoproteins, such as antibodies, in a site specific fashion following periodate oxidation.

-Oxidation and coupling may conveniently be performed at pH 5.0 due to the low pKa of the hydrazide which avoids competition by primary amines.
-The hydrazone bond may be stabilized by selective reduction using, for example, sodium cyanoborohydride.
-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is used for nylon 66 and engineering PLASTIC RAW MATERIALS.

-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is used as the material of polyurethane elastomer, acidification agent of various food and beverage, ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide)'s effect is better than citric acid and tartaric acid.
-Used as chemical reagent, used in the base class and the potassium permanganate calibrating benchmark.

-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is used in the production of various kinds of ester products, used as a plasticizer and advanced lubricant.
-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is typically, used in the linking of glycoproteins, such as antibodies, in a site specific fashion following periodate oxidation.
Oxidation and coupling may conveniently be performed at pH 5.0 due to the low pKa of the hydrazide which avoids competition by primary amines.

-Used Curing agent for epoxy resin
-Used Cross linking agent for water based acrylic emulsion
-Used Stabilizer for synthetic resin

-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is used to functionalize magnetic nanoparticles for gylcopeptitde enrichment and identification.
-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) can also be used as a chain extension for liquid rubber.
-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is used in making polyester polyols for polyurethane systems.

-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) consumption is linked almost 90% to nylon production by the polycondensation with hexamethylenediamine.
Nylon, having a protein-like structure, is further processed into fibers for applications in carpeting, automobile tire cord and clothing.
-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is used in manufacturing plasticizers and lubricants components.

-Food grade adipic acid is used as gelling aid, acidulant, leavening and buffering agent.
-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) has two carboxylic acid, -COOH, groups, which can yield two kinds of salts.

-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide)'s derivatives, acyl halides, anhydrides, esters, amides and nitriles, are used in making target products such as flavoring agents, internal plasticizers, pesticides, dyes, textile treatment agents, fungicides, and pharmaceuticals through further reactions of substitution, catalytic reduction, metal hydride reduction, diborane reduction, keto formation with organometallic reagents, electrophile bonding at oxygen, and condensation.

-Adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH) is a chemical used for cross-linking water-based emulsions.
-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) can also be used as a hardener for certain epoxy resins.
-Hexanedioic Acid, ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is a chemical used for cross-linking water-based emulsions.

-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide), also known as ADH or Adipohydrazide, can be used as a hardener for epoxy resins and for cross-linking water-based emulsions.
Ungraded products supplied by Spectrum are indicative of a grade suitable for general industrial use or research purposes and typically are not suitable for human consumption or therapeutic use.

-Coatings, Paints & Inks, Adhesives, Hardeners, Resins, Sealants, Plastics, Nylon Fibers.
-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is used as homo bifunctional linker in biconjugate chemistry to prepare active forms originally mannans from the pathogenic yeasts, Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata and Candida albicans

-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) can also be used as a hardener for certain epoxy resins.
-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is mainly used as curing agent for epoxy powder coating and coating auxiliary, metal deactivating agent and other polymer auxiliary and water treatment agent.

-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is a room temperature chemical that helps deliver several desirable properties in coatings, such as greater hardness and better chemical and mechanical resistance (like scuff and rub).
-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is used for crosslinking in a wide range of polymers, which increases the molecular weight and stiffness.

-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) bifunctional compound, which can be cross-linked with sodium hyaluronate as a protein drug carrier.
ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) plays a cross-linking role with diacetone acrylamide in the post-crosslinking of water emulsion and water-soluble polymer, such as water-based coatings, adhesives, fibers, plastic film treatment, hair spray, etc., and can also be used as epoxy powder coating curing agent And water-based coating additives, metal deactivators and other polymer additives and water treatment agents, indoor formaldehyde adsorbents and intermediate raw materials.

-Mainly used for epoxy powder coating curing agent and coating additives, Metal deactivator and other polymer additives and water treatment agent
-The same bifunctional crosslinking reagent is specially used for aldehydes to generate relatively stable hydrazone links.
In particular, ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is used to connect glycoproteins, such as antibodies.

-The same type of bifunctional linker for aldehydes can produce relatively stable hydrazone linkage; for the linkage of carbohydrate proteins, such as antibodies, periodate oxidation reaction occurs at a specific form of position; at pH 5.0, oxidation reaction and coupling reaction can be carried out conveniently, hydrazide derived from low pKa value can avoid competitive reaction through primary amine

-ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is mainly used for epoxy powder coating curing agent and coating additives, metal deactivator and other polymer additives and water treatment agents

ALTERNATIVE PARENTS of ADH (ADIPIC ACID DIHYDRAZIDE):
-Organopnictogen compounds
-Organonitrogen compounds

-Organic oxides
-Hydrocarbon derivatives
-Carbonyl compounds

SUBSTITUENTS of ADH (ADIPIC ACID DIHYDRAZIDE):
-Carboxylic acid hydrazide
-Organic nitrogen compound
-Organic oxygen compound

-Organopnictogen compound
-Organic oxide
-Hydrocarbon derivative

-Organooxygen compound
-Organonitrogen compound
-Carbonyl group
Aliphatic acyclic compound

-EPOXY RESINS:
A notable fact with regard to ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) in epoxy formulations is that each of the primary amine end groups has a functionality of two, so the ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) molecule has an equivalency of four per epoxy moiety.

Accordingly, the active hydrogen equivalent weight of ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is 43.5.
When formulated with epoxy resins, the ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) index can range between 0.85-1.15 of stoichiometric proportions, without a significant effect on mechanical properties.

The cure temperature for epoxy resins (glycidyl types) formulated with ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) is influenced by the melt-out temperature of the ADH, which allows an extended pot life at low temperatures.

Storage stability can be up to six-months at room temperature, with cure times of about one-hour at 130 °C.
Cure rates can be accelerated using tin or titanate catalysts, or imidazoles.

One-component ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) epoxy systems can be partially cured or “B-staged”, and later fully cured.
B-staging provides handling, processing, and fabrication advantages.
One component epoxy resins are used in coatings such as powder coatings, adhesives including hot melt adhesives, molding compounds and in fiber reinforced composites.

Glass and carbon fiber prepreg obtained by a hot melt impregnation method are used in the fabrication of sporting goods, wind turbine blades and aircraft/aerospace components.

With ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) cure, epoxy resins exhibit excellent toughness, flexibility, and adhesive properties.
Tg’s of 140-160 °C are achievable using a standard liquid bisphenol A epoxy resin (DGEBA) with ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) as the hardener.

Rigid and flexible epoxy adhesives have been formulated as one component systems that can be stored at room temperature using ADH (Adipic Acid Dihydrazide) as a latent curing agent.
Rigid epoxy adhesives are based on bisphenol A and novolac epoxides.

These rigid adhesives exhibit excellent cohesive and adhesive properties to a wide variety of surfaces.
Flexible epoxy adhesives produce more pliable bonds which better accommodate bond line stresses or differential substrate expansion rates.

Flexible epoxy resins include aliphatic di- and tri-epoxy resins such as hexanediol diglycidyl ether and poly(oxypropylene) diglycidyl ethers.
Semi-rigid epoxy-based adhesives utilize mixtures of both classes of epoxy resins or rigid formulations using flexibilizers.
Purpose mainly used in epoxy powder coating curing agent and coating additives, metal deactivating agent and other polymer additives and water treatment agent.

RELATED COMPOUNDS of ADH (ADIPIC ACID DIHYDRAZIDE):
*hexanedioic acid
*hexanedihydrazide
*hexanedioyl dichloride
*hexanedinitrile
*hexanediamide

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ADH (ADIPIC ACID DIHYDRAZIDE):
Molar mass: 174.20 g/mol
Melting point: 176 to 185 °C (349 to 365 °F; 449 to 458 K)
Molecular Weight: 174.20
XLogP3-AA: -2.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 4
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 5
Exact Mass: 174.11167570

Monoisotopic Mass: 174.11167570
Topological Polar Surface Area: 110 Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 12
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 142
Appearance: white crystalline powder
Content: ≥99%

Melting point: 180 -183 C
Water: less than 0.5%
Appearance Form: powder
Color: white
Odor: No data available
Odor Threshold: No data available

pH: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 180 - 182 °C - lit.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flash point: 150 °C - closed cup
Evaporation rate: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available

Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Vapor density: No data available
Density: No data available
Relative density: 1,29 at 20 °C
Water solubility: 102 g/l at 20 °C - soluble

Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water
log Pow: -2,7 at 20 °C - Bioaccumulation is not expected.
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available

Water Solubility: 1.3 g/L
logP: -0.42
logP: -0.077
logS: -2.1
pKa (Strongest Acidic): 5.58
pKa (Strongest Basic): 2.96
Physiological Charge: 0
Hydrogen Acceptor Count: 6
Hydrogen Donor Count: 4
Polar Surface Area: 117.22 Å²

Rotatable Bond Count: 5
Refractivity: 46.4 m³·mol⁻¹
Polarizability: 17.86 Å³
Number of Rings: 0
Bioavailability: 1
Rule of Five: Yes
Ghose Filter: Yes
Veber's Rule: Yes
MDDR-like Rule: Yes

FIRST AID MEASURES of ADH (ADIPIC ACID DIHYDRAZIDE):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air

*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.

*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.

*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ADH (ADIPIC ACID DIHYDRAZIDE):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.

-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ADH (ADIPIC ACID DIHYDRAZIDE):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder

*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.

-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ADH (ADIPIC ACID DIHYDRAZIDE):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:

*Eye/face protection:
Use Safety glasses.

*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min

Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min

-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of ADH (ADIPIC ACID DIHYDRAZIDE):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions
Tightly closed.
Dry.
*Storage stability:
Recommended storage temperature: -20 °C

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ADH (ADIPIC ACID DIHYDRAZIDE):
-Chemical stability
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .

SYNONYMS:
Adipic dihydrazide
Adipohydrazide
Adipic acid dihydrazide
Hexanedihydrazide
Hexanedioic acid, dihydrazide
Adipic acid, dihydrazide
Adipyl hydrazid
Adipodihydrazide
UNII-VK98I9YW5M
VK98I9YW5M
Hexanediohydrazide
WLN: ZMV4VMZ
Adip dihydr
Adipoyl hydrazide
Adipoyldihydrazine
adipic dihydrazone
adipoyl dihydrazide
Hexanedioic acid, 1,6-dihydrazide
Hexanedihydrazide #
NSC 3378
NSC 29542
Adipic aciddihydrazide
Adipic acid dihyrazide
Hexanedioic dihydrazide
adipic acid dihydrizide
AI3-22640
Hexanedioic acid dihydrazide
DSSTox_CID_24361
DSSTox_RID_80169
DSSTox_GSID_44361
SCHEMBL49856
Adipic Acid Dihydrazide (ADH)
CHEMBL3185968
DTXSID0044361
SCHEMBL11037942
AMY3771
NSC3378
1,4-Butanedicarboxylic dihydrazide
ALBB-011767
NSC-3378
NSC29542
STR02658
ZINC1666741
Tox21_301067
BBL022965
NSC-29542
STK709135
AKOS000267183
MCULE-3799591323
NCGC00248276-01
NCGC00257525-01
DB-022418
A0170
Adipic acid dihydrazide, >=98% (titration)
CS-0010116
FT-0621914
D72486
Adipic acid dihydrazide, purum, >=97.0% (NT)
A801603
J-660023
Q-200600
Q4682936
Z56812730
F1943-0024
adipic acid, dihydrazide (8CI)
adipic dihydrazide
adipohydrazide
hexanedihydrazide
hexanedioic acid dihydrazide
hexanedioic acid, 1,6-dihydrazide
hexanedioic acid, dihydrazide
ADH
ADIPINIC DIHYDRAZIDE
ADIPIC DIHYDRAZIDE
ADIPIC ACID DIHYDRAZIDE
ADIPIC ACID DIHYDRIZIDE
adipoyl hydrazide
ADIPODIHYDRAZIDE
Adipohydrazide
ADH
ADIPIC ACID DIHYDRAZIDE
403
dihydrazide
Adipohydrazide
HEXANEDIHYDRAZIDE
ADIPYL HYDRAZIDE
WSP ADH
Adip dihydr
WLN: ZMV4VMZ