APP AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate ensures yield increase for different crops during foliar application. 
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is most effective in dry weather conditions. 
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is easy to store on farms.

CAS Number: 68333-79-9
Molecular Formula: H12N3O4P
Molecular Weight: 149.086741
EINECS Number: 269-789-9

Synonyms: polyphosphoric acids ammonium salts,APP;APP-0,XAP-01,APP-3,APP-1,ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant,Ammonium polyphosphate,10361-65-6, 68333-79-9, Phosphoric acid, ammonium salt (1:3), Triammonium orthophosphate,triazanium;phosphate Ammonium phosphate, tribasic, Phosphoric acid, triammonium salt, 2ZJF06M0I9, 68412-62-4, triammonium phosphate, UNII-2ZJF06M0I9, EINECS 233-793-9, EINECS 270-200-2, DTXSID8052778, (NH4)3PO4, n inverted exclamation markY1000, Ammonium Phosphate GFAA Matrix Modifier: 10% NH4H2PO4 in 2% HNO3, AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE ((NH4)3PO4), polyphosphoric acids ammonium salts;APP;APP-0;XAP-01;APP-3;APP-1;ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant;Ammonium polyphosphate

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate phase I has a short and linear chain (n < 100), it is more water sensitive (hydrolysis) and less thermally stable; actually it begins to decompose at temperatures above 150 °C.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate chemical formula is H(NH4PO3)nOH showing that each monomer consists of an orthophosphate radical of a phosphorus atom with three oxygens and one negative charge neutralized by an ammonium cation leaving two bonds free to polymerize. 
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate phase II, Ammonium polyphosphate, has an higher thermal stability (the decomposition starts at approximately 300°C) and lower water solubility than APP I.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphates are liquid fertilizers with compositions up to 11-37-0, manufactured by the reaction of anhydrous ammonia with superphosphoric acid. 
In the branched cases some monomers are missing the ammonium anion and instead link to three other monomers.
Superphosphoric acid is made by the concentration of regular wet-process acid up to P2O5 concentrations of 78%. 

Granular polyphosphates suitable for bulk blending are made by reacting ammonia with regular wet process acid of 52% P2O5 content and using the heat of reaction to drive off water to produce a phosphate melt of 10-43-0, with about 40% of the phosphorus in the polyphosphate form.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is an inorganic salt of polyphosphoric acid and ammonia containing both chains and possibly branching. 
Shorter chains (n < 100) are more water sensitive and less thermally stable than longer chains (n > 1000), but short polymer chains (e.g. pyro-, tripoly-, and tetrapoly-) are more soluble and show increasing solubility with increasing chain length.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate can be prepared by reacting concentrated phosphoric acid with ammonia. 
However, iron and aluminum impurities, soluble in concentrated phosphoric acid, form gelatinous precipitates or "sludges" in ammonium polyphosphate at pH between 5 and 7.
Other metal impurities such as copper, chromium, magnesium, and zinc form granular precipitates.

However, depending on the degree of polymerization, ammonium polyphosphate can act as a chelating agent to keep certain metal ions dissolved in solution.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used as a food additive, emulsifier, (E number: E545) and as a fertilizer.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is also used as a flame retardant in many applications such as paints and coatings, and in a variety of polymers: the most important ones are polyolefins, and particularly polypropylene, where APP is part of intumescent systems.

Compounding with APP-based flame retardants in polypropylene is described in.
Further applications are thermosets, where APP is used in unsaturated polyesters and gel coats (APP blends with synergists), epoxies and polyurethane castings (intumescent systems). 
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is also applied to flame retard polyurethane foams.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate used as flame retardants in polymers have long chains and a specific crystallinity (Form II). 
They start to decompose at 240 °C to form ammonia and phosphoric acid. 
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate acts as an acid catalyst in the dehydration of carbon-based poly-alcohols, such as cellulose in wood. 

The APP Ammonium Polyphosphate reacts with alcohol groups to form heat-unstable phosphate esters. 
The esters decompose to release carbon dioxide and regenerate the phosphoric acid catalyst. 
In the gas phase, the release of non-flammable carbon dioxide helps to dilute the oxygen of the air and flammable decomposition products of the material that is burning. 

In the condensed phase, the resultant carbonaceous char helps to shield the underlying polymer from attack by oxygen and radiant heat.
Use as an intumescent is achieved when combined with starch-based materials such as pentaerythritol and melamine as expanding agents. 
The mechanisms of intumescence and the mode of action of APP Ammonium Polyphosphate are described in a series of publications.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is a stable and non-volatile compound. 
It comes under the category of halogen free flame retardants and works as a smoke suppressant too. 
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is very cost effective when compared to other halogen free systems. 

Lower loading into polymers ensures good retention of mechanical and electrical properties and excellent flow.  
Allowing plastics to exhibit excellent processability, APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used as an efficient flame retardant in the furniture industry and for interior fabrics for the automotive industry.
A unique liquid nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer produced in Russia only by PhosAgro. 

Maximum phosphorus availability and absorption by  plants compared to traditional solid phosphorus-based fertilizers, especially on soils with high calcium carbonate content.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is a type of flame retardant and intumescent agent. 
It is used to improve the fire resistance of various materials, particularly in industries like plastics, textiles, and construction. 

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is a long-chain polymeric compound made up of ammonium and phosphate groups. 
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is typically a white, non-toxic, and non-halogenated powder.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate can also refer to a type of fertilizer. 

In this context, APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is a compound containing both ammonium (NH4+) and polyphosphate (PO3-) ions. 
It is commonly used as a source of nitrogen and phosphorus for plant nutrition. 
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate fertilizers are water-soluble and provide plants with these essential nutrients, which are vital for their growth and development.

The ammonium component in APP Ammonium Polyphosphate provides a source of nitrogen, while the polyphosphate component supplies phosphorus.
The combination of these nutrients can be particularly beneficial for various crops and plants, promoting healthy root development, flowering, and fruit production.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate fertilizers are available in different formulations, including liquid and granular forms, to suit the specific needs of different crops and soil types. 

They are widely used in agriculture to improve crop yields and ensure adequate nutrient supply for plants.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is an inorganic salt of polyphosphoric acid and ammonia. 
Because it contains phosphorus and nitrogen in its molecule, it has a good synergistic effect and has a good flame retardant effect. 

Alfa Chemistry offers various types of APP flame retardants to help you meet the flame retardant challenges of materials.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate can be divided into crystalline form and amorphous form classified by its structure. 
Crystalline APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is a long-chain water-insoluble polyphosphate. 

There are five variants of crystalline APP from I to V.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is the ammonium salt of polyphosphoric and is recognized as a halogen-free, efficient, and multipurpose FR, which is already used in many applications (steel, wood, textiles) Additionally, it is used as a component in intumescent systems for thermoplastic polymers.
Due to the environmental and toxicological concerns surrounding many halogenated products, FRs based on APP Ammonium Polyphosphate are finding a wide range of uses, especially in construction, public transport, aviation, automotive, and electrical and electronic (E&E) applications.

The use of APP Ammonium Polyphosphate plays an important role in protecting steel from fires. 
Although steel does not burn, APP Ammonium Polyphosphate loses stability at temperatures above 500°C. 
The consequences when steel is weakened have been seen when the World Trade Center collapsed under the impact of high temperatures caused by jet fuel burning.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used as a flame retardant in many applications such as paints and coatings, and in a variety of polymers: the most important ones are polyolefins, and particularly polypropylene. 
Further applications are thermosets, where APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used in unsaturated polyesters and gel coats, epoxies and polyurethane castings. 
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is also applied to flame retard polyurethane foams.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is a chemical compound commonly used as a flame retardant. 
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is part of a class of phosphorus-based flame retardants and is typically employed in various materials to enhance their fire resistance. APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is represented by the formula (NH₄PO₃)ₙ, where "n" denotes the degree of polymerization. 

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is essentially a polymeric form of ammonium phosphate.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is generally a white, crystalline powder that is soluble in water. 
Its solubility and particle size can vary depending on the specific formulation and degree of polymerization.

The properties of ammonium polyphosphate depend on the number of monomers in each molecule and to a degree on how often it branches. 
The chain length (n) of this polymeric compound can be linear or branched. 
Depending on the polymerization degree, there are two main families of ammonium polyphosphate: Crystal phase I APP (or APP I), and Crystal phase II APP (or APP II).

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is an organic salt of polyphosphoric acid and ammonia. 
As a chemical, APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is non-toxic, environmentally friendly and halogen-free. 

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is most commonly used as a flame retardant, selection of the specific grade of ammonium polyphosphate can be  determined by the solubility, Phosphorus content, chain length and polymerization degree. 
The second family of Ammonium polyphosphate is the APP Ammonium Polyphosphate Phase II; which has an high polymerization degree, with n>1000, its structure is cross linked (branched), and it is an high-quality non-halogenated flame retardant. 

Density: 1.74[at 20℃]
vapor pressure: 0.076Pa at 20℃
storage temp.: −20°C
solubility: Aqueous Acid (Slightly)
form: Solid
color: White to Off-White
InChI: InChI=1S/3H3N.H3O4P/c;;;1-5(2,3)4/h3*1H3;(H3,1,2,3,4)
InChIKey: ZRIUUUJAJJNDSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[N+]([H])([H])([H])[H].[N+]([H])([H])([H])[H].[N+]([H])([H])([H])[H]
LogP: -2.148 (est)

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate commercially produced by Clariant, (former business area of Hoechst AG), Budenheim and others inorganic salt of polyphosphoric acid and ammonia
containing both chains and possibly branching. 
Its chemical formula is [NH4 PO3]n(OH)2 showing that each monomer consists orthophosphate radical of a phosphorus atom with three oxygens and one negative charge neutralized by an ammonium cation leaving two bonds free to polymerize. 

In the branched monomers are missing the ammonium anion and instead link to three other monomers.
The properties of APP Ammonium Polyphosphate depend on the number of monomers in each molecule and to a degree on how Shorter chains (n<100) are more water sensitive and less thermally stable than longer chains (n>1000),[1] but short polymer ch tripoly-, and tetrapoly-) are more soluble and show increasing solubility with increasing chain length.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate can be prepared by reacting concentrated phosphoric acid with ammonia.

However, iron and aluminum impurities, soluble in concentrated phosphoric acid, form gelatinous precipitates or "sludges" in polyphosphate at pH between 5 and 7.
Other metal impurities such as copper, chromium, magnesium, and zinc form granular precipitates.
However, depending on the degree of polymerization, APP Ammonium Polyphosphate can act as a chelating agent to keep certain dissolved in solution.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used as a food additive, emulsifier, (E number: E545) and as a fertilizer.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is also used as a flame retardant in many applications such as paints and coatings, and in a polymers: the most important ones are polyolefins, and particularly polypropylene, where APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is part of intumescent systems.
Compounding with APP-based flame retardants in polypropylene is described in.

Further applications are thermosets, where A unsaturated polyesters and gel coats (APP Ammonium Polyphosphate blends with synergists), epoxies and polyurethane castings (intumescent systems).
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is also applied to flame retard polyurethane foams.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate as used as flame retardants in polymers have long chains and a specific crystallinity (Form II).

They start to decompose at 240 °C to form ammonia and phosphoric acid. 
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate acts as an acid catalyst in the dehydration of carbon-based poly-alcohols, such as cellulose in wood.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate reacts with alcohol groups to form heat-unstable phosphate esters.

The esters decompose to release carbon dioxide and regenerate the phosphoric acid catalyst.
In the gas phase, the release of non-flammable carbon dioxide helps to dilute the oxygen of the air and flammable decompos the material that is burning.
In the condensed phase, the resultant carbonaceous char helps to shield the underlying polymer from attack by oxygen and Use as an intumescent is achieved when combined with starch-based materials such as pentaerythritol and melamine.

The mechanisms of intumescence and the mode of action of APP Ammonium Polyphosphate are described in a series of publications.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is an inorganic salt of polyphosphoric acid and ammonia containing both chains and possibly brand.
The properties of APP Ammonium Polyphosphate depend on the number of monomers in each molecule and to a degree on how.

Shorter chains (n < 100) are more water sensitive and less thermally stable than longer chains (n > 1000).
Consequently, short polymer chains and oligomers (e.g. pyro-, tripoly-, and tetrapoly-) are more soluble and show decreasingbincreasing chain length.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used as a flame retardant in many applications such as paints and coatings, and in a variet the most important ones are polyolefins, and particularly polypropylene, where APP is part of intumescent systems.

Compounding with APP Ammonium Polyphosphate-based flame retardants in polypropylene is described in.
Further applications are thermosets, where APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used in unsaturated polyesters and gel coats (APP blends with synergists), polyurethane castings (intumescent systems).
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is considered to be a relatively safe and non-toxic flame retardant, making it a preferred choice over some halogenated flame retardants that can release toxic fumes when burned.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate provides good flame retardant properties at relatively low loadings.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is available in various forms, including Phase I and Phase II. 
Phase I APP Ammonium Polyphosphate has a lower degree of polymerization and higher solubility in water, while Phase II APP has a higher degree of polymerization and is less soluble, making it more suitable for use in certain applications like coatings and plastics.

When exposed to high temperatures, APP Ammonium Polyphosphate undergoes thermal decomposition, releasing phosphoric acid and ammonia. 
The phosphoric acid promotes the formation of a protective char layer, while the ammonia can help dilute combustible gases.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate can be described by the general formula (NH₄PO₃)ₙ, where "n" signifies the number of repeating units. 

This polymeric structure varies, leading to differences in properties such as solubility and thermal stability.
The degree of polymerization (n) affects the characteristics of APP Ammonium Polyphosphate. 
Higher degrees of polymerization result in more thermally stable and less water-soluble forms, making them suitable for different applications.

This form has a lower degree of polymerization and higher solubility in water. 
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is often used in liquid formulations and water-based applications.
This form has a higher degree of polymerization, resulting in lower solubility and better thermal stability. 

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is suitable for solid materials, coatings, and plastics.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is incorporated into thermoplastics, thermosets, and elastomers to enhance their flame resistance. 
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used in products such as cables, connectors, and housings for electronic devices.

In combination with other flame retardants like melamine and pentaerythritol, APP Ammonium Polyphosphate contributes to the formation of intumescent systems that swell and form a protective char layer upon exposure to fire.
Intumescent coatings containing APP Ammonium Polyphosphate are applied to steel structures, wood, and other construction materials. 
These coatings expand when exposed to high temperatures, providing thermal insulation and delaying structural damage during a fire.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used to treat fabrics to make them flame retardant. 
This is particularly important for textiles used in public spaces, such as curtains, upholstery, and protective clothing.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used in the treatment of paper and wood products to enhance their fire resistance. 

This includes wall coverings, furniture, and building materials.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is also used in agriculture as a slow-release fertilizer, providing a steady supply of phosphorus and nitrogen to plants. 
This helps in improving crop yield and soil health.

Upon heating, APP Ammonium Polyphosphate decomposes to release phosphoric acid and ammonia. 
The phosphoric acid acts as a catalyst for the formation of a carbonaceous char layer.
The char layer serves as a barrier, protecting the underlying material from further thermal degradation. 

This layer reduces the release of flammable gases and limits the spread of flames.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is often used in conjunction with other flame retardants to enhance its effectiveness. 
For example, in intumescent systems, the combination of APP Ammonium Polyphosphate with carbonizing agents and blowing agents leads to an expanded, insulating char layer.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is considered non-toxic and environmentally friendly compared to halogenated flame retardants. 
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate does not produce toxic halogenated by-products during combustion.
The use of APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is aligned with various fire safety standards and regulations worldwide. 

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is a preferred choice in applications where environmental and health safety are a priority.
The demand for APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is increasing due to stricter fire safety regulations and a growing emphasis on environmentally friendly materials.
Ongoing research and development efforts are focused on improving the performance of APP Ammonium Polyphosphate and developing new formulations for broader applications.

Silane Modified APP Ammonium Polyphosphate by Lemman Laboratories International is a flame retardant based on phosphorus / nitrogen synergism and is free from formaldehyde. 
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is different from APP in the following properties i.e. reduce solubility & viscosity in water, improves dispersibility and thermal expansion efficiency during inflaming retarding process & insulation performance as well as shows compatibility with polymers & resins. 
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used in epoxy and unsaturated polyester resin, especially for all kinds of outdoor waterproof, sunlight-flame retardant polymers. 

Silane Modified APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is also used in cables and rubber, silicone resin as well as in electrical and electronic materials.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate can be divided into three types classified by the degree of polymerization: low poly, medium poly and high poly. 
The higher the degree of polymerization, the lower the water solubility. 

The degree of polymerization of oligomeric APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is less than 20, which is water-soluble. 
The polymerization degree of high-polymer APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is greater than 50, which can be used as a flame retardant.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is a highly efficient, nontoxic inorganic flame retardant. 

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate has a low water solubility, and a high phosphorus and nitrogen content. 
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is most commonly used as a flameproof coating for multistory buildings, ships, trains, and cable applications.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is an environment-friendly, non-toxic, halogen-free flame retardant, chemically APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is an organic salt of polyphosphoric acid and ammonia.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is a branched or linear polymeric compound with a variable degree of polymerization (n). 
Generally, Ammonium polyphosphate of a low degree of polymerization (n ≤ 100, crystalline form I) is water soluble or water sensitive, while APP Ammonium Polyphosphate with longer chains (n ≥ 1000, crystalline form II) displays a very low water solubility (<0.1 g/100 mL). 
In general, long-chain APP Ammonium Polyphosphate starts to degrade at above 300°C, generating ammonia and polyphosphoric acid, while the short-chain one begins decomposing at 150°C.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is a non-halogen flame retardant which acts by an intumescence mechanism. 
When APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is exposed to fire or heat, it decomposes to polymeric phosphate acid and ammonia. 
The polyphosphoric acid reacts with hydroxyl groups to form a nonstable phosphate ester. 

Following dehydration of the phosphate ester, a carbon foam is built up on the surface and acts as an insulation layer.
Simplot liquid ammonium phosphate 11-37-0 is a transparent green-colored liquid fertilizer containing 11% nitrogen and 37% phosphate. 

The phosphate component is composed of about 70% polyphosphate and 30% orthophosphate. 
The polyphosphate content gives liquid 11-37-0 the ability to hold micronutrients in solution, making them more available for plant uptake.

Uses Of APP Ammonium Polyphosphate:
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate can be used as a flame retardant for polymer materials such as polyolefin, PVC, polyurethane, phenolic resin, and coatings.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is widely used in fireproofing materials, coatings, and textiles. 
When exposed to heat, it decomposes to form a char layer on the material's surface, which acts as a barrier to prevent the spread of flames.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used in intumescent coatings, which swell when exposed to heat, providing insulation and protecting structural elements from fire.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is incorporated into various polymers and plastics to enhance their flame resistance, often used in conjunction with other flame retardants to achieve desired fire performance standards.
In some formulations, it is also used as a fertilizer due to its high phosphorus content.

In aerospace, APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used in composite materials to improve flame retardancy while maintaining the lightweight properties essential for aircraft components.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate-enhanced composites are used in the automotive industry for parts that require high flame resistance, such as engine components and interior parts.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used in combination with nanomaterials like nano-clays or carbon nanotubes to create advanced flame-retardant systems with superior mechanical and thermal properties.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used in the production of rigid polyurethane foams that are used for thermal insulation in buildings, refrigeration, and transport vehicles.
These foams benefit from the added fire protection without compromising insulation properties.
In flexible foams used in furniture and bedding, APP helps meet fire safety regulations without affecting comfort and flexibility.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used in waterborne coatings, which are less harmful to the environment compared to solvent-based systems. 
These coatings are applied to wood, metal, and other surfaces to provide fire resistance.
In polyolefin-based materials used for wire and cable insulation, APP Ammonium Polyphosphate provides the necessary flame retardant properties to prevent fire hazards in electrical installations.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used in the production of flame-retardant polyolefin films used for packaging, especially in environments where fire risk is high.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is incorporated into epoxy and phenolic resins used in electrical components, laminates, and coatings to improve their fire resistance.
In the rubber industry, APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used in formulations for hoses, belts, seals, and gaskets that require enhanced flame retardancy, especially in industrial and automotive applications.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is sometimes used in the production of fire-resistant ceramic materials used in applications such as fire barriers and heat shields.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate can be used in glass compositions to improve their thermal stability and fire resistance.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used in the formulation of special fire-resistant lubricants and greases used in machinery operating in high-temperature environments or where fire risk is significant.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used as an additive in concrete to enhance its fire resistance, making it suitable for use in tunnels, high-rise buildings, and other structures where fire safety is critical.
In civil engineering projects, APP Ammonium Polyphosphate-enhanced materials are used for constructing fire barriers and protective coatings for bridges, tunnels, and other infrastructure.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used in materials and coatings for shipbuilding to enhance fire resistance, crucial for the safety of both commercial and military vessels.

Fire-resistant materials containing APP Ammonium Polyphosphate are essential for offshore oil and gas platforms where fire hazards are a major concern.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used in the production of flame-retardant military uniforms, tents, and other equipment to protect personnel from fire hazards in combat and training situations.
Military vehicles and temporary shelters are treated with APP Ammonium Polyphosphate-based materials to improve fire resistance.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used in the mining industry in conveyor belts, hoses, and other equipment to reduce the risk of fire in underground and surface operations.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate-treated fabrics and foams are used in commercial furniture to comply with stringent fire safety regulations, especially in public spaces like hotels, theaters, and offices.
Increasingly, residential furniture is also being treated with APP to provide better fire safety at home.

Firefighting suits, gloves, and other protective gear are treated with APP to improve their resistance to flames and high temperatures.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate-treated materials are used in emergency blankets and temporary shelters designed for use in fire-prone areas.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is incorporated into materials such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyurethane, epoxy resins, and unsaturated polyester resins to enhance their flame resistance.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used in products like cables, connectors, and electronic device housings, APP helps meet fire safety standards.
When combined with other flame retardants like melamine and pentaerythritol, APP Ammonium Polyphosphate forms intumescent coatings that swell and char when exposed to fire, providing insulation and protection.
Applied to steel structures, wood, and other building materials, these coatings expand upon exposure to high temperatures, creating a protective char layer that insulates and delays structural damage during a fire.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used in the production of fireproof panels and boards for use in walls, ceilings, and floors.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used to treat fabrics to make them flame retardant, crucial for protective clothing for firefighters, military uniforms, and industrial workers.
Applied to curtains, upholstery, and other textiles used in public spaces to enhance fire safety.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used to treat paper products, including wallpapers and packaging materials, as well as wood products like furniture and construction materials, to enhance their fire resistance.
In some formulations, APP Ammonium Polyphosphate serves as a slow-release fertilizer, providing a steady supply of phosphorus and nitrogen to plants, which helps in improving crop yield and soil health.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used in paints and coatings applied to various surfaces, providing an additional layer of fire protection for buildings and structures.

These paints expand when exposed to heat, forming an insulating char layer that protects the substrate from fire.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is incorporated into adhesives and sealants used in construction and manufacturing to enhance fire resistance.
Used in sealants for filling gaps and joints in construction, providing fireproofing in critical areas.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used in composite materials, including fiber-reinforced plastics, to improve their fire retardancy. 
These materials are used in aerospace, automotive, and marine industries.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used in the manufacture of flame-retardant circuit boards and electronic components to meet stringent fire safety standards.

Used in the encapsulation of electronic components to protect them from fire.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used in the automotive and aerospace industries to make interior components, such as seat covers and panels, flame retardant.
Flame retardant packaging materials are treated with APP Ammonium Polyphosphate to enhance their fire resistance, which is particularly important for transporting flammable goods.

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is a specialty chemical that finds many different uses in key industries.  
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate, is an environment-friendly and halogen-free flame retardant. 
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is the main constituent of many intumescent flame retardant systems: coatings, paints and engineering plastics. 

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used to prepare 20% Phosphorous/Nitrogen containing flame retardants, it can be used solely or in conjunction with other materials in the flameproof treatment for textiles, papers, fibers and woods. 
Special treatment can be used to prepare 50% high concentration flameproof formulations required for special applications.
The most common APP Ammonium Polyphosphate fertilizers have a N-P2O5-K2O (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) composition of 10-34-0 or 11-37-0. 

Polyphosphate fertilizers offer the advantage of a high nutrient content in a clear, crystal-free fluid that remains stable within a wide temperature range and stores well for long periods. 
A variety of other nutrients mix well with polyphosphate fertilizers, making them excellent carriers of micronutrients typically needed by plants.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate fertilizer is a unique liquid nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer produced in Russia only by PhosAgro. 

Maximum phosphorus availability and absorption by plants compared to traditional solid phosphorus-based fertilizers, especially on soils with high calcium carbonate content. 
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate ensures yield increase for different crops during foliar application. 
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is most effective in dry weather conditions. 

APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is easy to store on farms.
Considering factors such as price and cost, oligomeric water-soluble APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is mainly used for flame retardancy of cellulose materials such as paper and wood.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate has high thermal stability and can be formulated into solution or dry powder fire extinguishing agent, and can also be used in intumescent fire retardant coatings, intumescent flame retardant systems, etc.

Safety Profile Of APP Ammonium Polyphosphate:
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is generally not considered highly toxic through dermal exposure.
Contact with the eyes can cause irritation, redness, and discomfort.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is not highly toxic if ingested, swallowing significant amounts can cause gastrointestinal irritation, nausea, and vomiting.

Due to its solubility in water, APP Ammonium Polyphosphate can contaminate water sources if not properly managed. High concentrations of phosphorus in water bodies can contribute to eutrophication, which depletes oxygen levels and harms aquatic life.
Use appropriate PPE, such as gloves, goggles, and dust masks or respirators, when handling APP Ammonium Polyphosphate to minimize exposure to dust and decomposition products.

Ensure adequate ventilation in areas where APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is used to reduce the risk of inhaling dust or gases.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate in a cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers to prevent moisture absorption and minimize dust formation. 
Handle with care to avoid creating airborne dust.

When APP Ammonium Polyphosphate decomposes at high temperatures, it releases phosphoric acid, which can be corrosive and cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract.
Decomposition can also release ammonia gas, which is irritating to the eyes, skin, and respiratory system and can be harmful if inhaled in large quantities.

In the event of a fire, APP Ammonium Polyphosphate can contribute to the generation of smoke and potentially toxic gases, although these are generally less hazardous than the byproducts of halogenated flame retardants.
APP Ammonium Polyphosphate is typically a fine powder, which can form dust during handling and processing. 
Inhalation of dust can cause respiratory irritation. Chronic exposure to high levels of dust may lead to respiratory issues.

Breathing in APP Ammonium Polyphosphate dust can cause irritation of the respiratory tract. 
Symptoms may include coughing, sneezing, and shortness of breath.
Direct contact with APP Ammonium Polyphosphate dust or solutions can cause mild skin irritation.