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CAS Number: 39380-78-4
EC Number: 235-595-8
Molecular Formula: CrH3O12S3
Molecular Mass: 343.208 g/mol
Basic Chromium Sulphate is used in dyeing of khaki cloth and in manufacture of chrome-based dyestuffs.
Basic chromium sulfate is produced from chromate salts by reduction with sulfur dioxide, although other methods exist.
The reduction could formally be written:
Na2Cr2O7 + 3 SO2 + H2O → Cr2(SO4)3 + 2 NaOH
Since 33% of the anion charges are due to hydroxy ions the basicity is 33% (but in tanning jargon it is known as 33% reduced).
Products with higher basicities, e.g. 42% or 50% may be obtained by the addition of sodium carbonate, these are often used in combination with sodium formate.
The Basic sodium sulfate is often left in the technical product since it is inert with respect to the tanning process.
Basic chromium sulfate is important to fully reduce the hexavalent chromium to trivalent since the hexavalent is more likely to cause health problems for tanners and leather consumers.
Basic chromium sulfate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Cr(OH)(SO4).
Basic chromium sulfate is a green, odorless solid at room temperature.
Basic chromium sulfate is typically sold in powder form.
Basic chromium sulfate has high tanning power and hence largely used in the tanning of leather.
Basic chromium sulfate is easily soluble in cold water and very soluble in hot water.
Chromium, particularly in the hexavalent oxidation state, is toxic, hence basic chromium sulfate, which is comparatively less toxic, is preferred in the leather industry.
Basic Chromium Sulphate are the mixture of various form of Chromium Sulphates including containing Chromium Hyrdoxide sulphate form chiefly.
Basic chromium sulfate is prepared by the reduction of Sodium Dichromate Solution in the presence of Sulphuric Acid or Sulfur dioxide.
The Cr2O3 content is 23.19% and a pH of 3.01, Basic chromium sulfate available in Dark green colour.
Ferrochromium and chromium based compounds are produced worldwide from chromite ore.
Chrome chemicals are from chromium based compounds.
Basic-chromium-sulfate (BCS) is a chrome chemical mostly required as main tanning agent in chrome tanning process in leather industry and also to synthesize other chromic compounds.
During the preparation of basic-chromium- sulfate, sodium dichromate containing chromium (VI) is reduced to chromium (III) by sulfur-di-oxide in a packed tower at a chemical process industry (B&M Chemicals, India) where the BCS is produced at suboptimal efficiency due to inefficient (suboptimal) absorption of sulfur-di-oxide (as the gas enters the tower at a higher temperature) followed by reaction.
Improper reduction leads to the presence of unconverted chromium (VI) that imparts toxicity, not only through product basic-chromium- sulfate but also through leather and articles produced using this chemical.
Design and operating conditions of the packed bed absorber were found and effects of pH, temperature and concentration of SO2 on the performance of absorption were studied.
The reaction is favored at pH 4.
The overall efficiency of conversion in the tower is increased from 70% to 80% by operating the column at optimal operating conditions obtained using response surface method.
Dispersion is achieved by random packing that provides complex countercurrent flow path resulting in greater probability of entraining gas inside the tower.
Profiles of basic chromium sulfate are obtained along the height of the tower by solving mathematical models of the reactive absorption process.
Chromium (VI) is 99% reduced to chromium (III) in the product.
Leached residues and liquid wastes are treated with either ferrous sulfate or sodium sulfide to convert chromium (VI) to chromium (III) to provide sustainable technology.
Treated solid waste is stored before safe disposal in hazardous landfill facility.
As chromium (VI) is highly toxic, several sustainable methods are suggested to eliminate Basic chromium sulfate from effluent to provide cleaner and sustainable production environment in the industry.
Manufacturing of Basic Chromium Sulfate:
Basic chromium sulphate is produced from the simple reduction of Cr (VI) to Cr (III) by the addition of an excess of sulphur dioxide.
The reaction can be represented as:
Cr2O3 + 3 H2SO4 → Cr2(SO4)3 + 3 H2O
Another reaction, based on the same mechanism as above, for the production of basic chromium sulphate industrially is:
Na2Cr2O7 + 3SO2 + H2O → 2Cr(SO4)(OH) + Na2SO4
The reaction is carried out in a steam-heated vessel.
The excess sulphur dioxide formed during the reaction is removed in another reaction tower.
Basic chromium sulfate obtained is in liquid state, Basic chromium sulfate is spray dried to form a powder, which is later packed in bags and sold.
In this study, basic chromium sulfate was prepared, and the product was manufactured from the widely used triple chromium, in addition to sodium chr omate and calcium chromate in certain proportions at a temperature of 1200 °C, as well as using sulfuric acid and glucose as shown in the experiment.
Manufacturing until we get the final product.
Some of the devices used in the mass production process, such as the CSTR reactor and dryer, were designed, with a brief explanation of the rest of the devices used.
In addition, a study was conducted on the environmental impact of the product, in proportion to the industrial need and to achieve the slogan of clean and environmentally friendly work.
Although there is no environmental impact of the product that has been manufactured, care must be taken when dealing with these materials as well as safety and health precautions must be used professional establishments.
The sample was done and completed of the skin was taken and treated with the basic chromium sulfate that was manufactured, and some chemical tests were conducted on the sample, and the conclusion is that the base percentage is 33.33%, the percentage of chromium oxide is 3.8%, and the total ash percentage is 2.25%, and these percentages show the quality of the product.
Uses and synthesis methods of Basic Chromium Sulfate:
Production method of Basic Chromium Sulfate:
The production methods of basic chromium sulfate mainly include organic reduction method and sulfur dioxide reduction method.
The organic matter reduction method uses sodium dichromate mother liquor with sodium bisulfate solution (40~42 ° Bé) or sulfuric acid in a lead-lined or glass-lined stirred reactor for stirring and acidification, and slowly adds sucrose reducing agent under stirring.
The hexavalent chromium is reduced, and the solution is kept boiling at the end of the reaction, which is conducive to the complete reaction.
The reaction product is a syrup-like viscous liquid.
Add water to adjust the concentration of the solution to 40~42 ° Bé.
First, Basic chromium sulfate is naturally cooled, and then frozen to below 10 ℃ in a cooling crystallizer to make part of the sodium sulfate form mirabilite crystals.
After centrifugal separation, a liquid basic chromium sulfate product is prepared, and then concentrated and dried to obtain a solid basic chromium sulfate finished product.
Preparation Method of Basic Chromium Sulfate:
The production methods of basic chromium sulfate mainly include organic matter reduction method and sulfur dioxide reduction method.
Organic reduction method: After sodium dichromate mother liquor is acidified with sodium bisulfate solution or sulfuric acid in a lead-lined or glass-lined reactor with stirring, sucrose reducing agent is slowly added under stirring to reduce hexavalent chromium, at the end of the reaction, the boiling of the solution is maintained, which is beneficial to the completion of the reaction.
The reaction product is a syrup-like viscous liquid.
Water is added to adjust the concentration of the solution to 40-42086, and the solution is first naturally cooled, and then frozen in a cooling crystallizer to below 10 ℃ to make part of the sodium sulfate to form mirabilite crystals, after centrifugal separation, liquid basic chromium sulfate product was prepared, and then concentrated and dried to obtain solid basic chromium sulfate product.
Applications of Basic Chromium Sulfate:
Basic Chromium Sulfate is mainly used in tanning of processing leather industry or synthesis of other chromium based re-tanning agents and production of chromic compound.
Basic chromium sulfate is also used in dyeing of khaki cloth and in manufacture of chrome-based dyestuffs.
Basic Chromium Sulphate - Uses in Pottery
Basic chromium sulfate can also be used in making ceramics, green ink, and organic substances.
Basic chromium sulfate can also be used for dyeing and printing.
Basic chromium sulfate is also used in green paints, varnishes, inks, and ceramic glazes.
Basic Chromium Sulphate can be used in tanning and retanning of any kind of leather including hides or skins.
Due to Basic Chromium Sulfate properties, Our product meets all requirements of a good leather tanning of any kinds.
Uniformity and evenness of color and tanning effect is one of the plus points of this product which is suitable for dyeing to any shade.
Leather made with this product is fine in grain and has a good compactness.
Basic chromium sulfate is compatible with other standard products used together with this product.
Storage & Handling Conditions of Basic Chromium Sulfate:
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated, out of direct sunlight.
Keep away from sunlight and heat sources.
Wash thoroughly after handling.
Avoid contact with eyes.
Avoid ingestion.
Storage Requirements of Basic Chromium Sulfate:
Keep container tightly closed when not in use.
Keep out of moisture.
When using forklift to load or lift the palletized bags, ensure that only competitive personnel are operating the forklift to avoid damage to the packing of the bags.
Safety Precautions of Basic Chromium Sulfate:
Has harmful effect on skin and eye
After contact with skin and eye wash immediately with water.
Avoid breathing the dust.
The solid product is packed in a polypropylene woven bag made of inner village polyethylene plastic bag with a net weight of 25kg and 50kg per bag.
Liquid products are transported in a tank car.
The package should be marked with "drug.
Basic chromium sulfate is an inorganic and dangerous drug.
Should be stored in a cool, ventilated, dry warehouse.
Packaging containers should be sealed and moisture-proof.
Basic chromium sulfate shall not be stored and mixed with edible articles, organic matter, flammable materials and acids.
Transport should be protected from rain and sun exposure.
During loading and unloading, care should be taken to prevent package breakage.
Fire can be used with water, sand, carbon dioxide fire extinguishing.
Toxicity and protection: see sodium dichromate.
Properties of Basic Chromium Sulfate:
grade: puriss.
SMILES string: [Cr+3].[Cr+3].[Cr+3].O[Cr+]O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O
InChI: 1S/4Cr.5H2O4S.2H2O/c;;;;5*1-5(2,3)4;;/h;;;;5*(H2,1,2,3,4);2*1H2/q4*+3;;;;;;;/p-12
InChI key: CHFNDYXSNLPPCO-UHFFFAOYSA-B
Chemical Properties of Basic Chromium Sulfate:
Melting point: 90°C
density: 1.7
form: Solid
color: Green Crystalline
Odor: Odorless
PH Range: 1.5 - 2.5
Water Solubility: Soluble in water
CAS No: 39380-78-4
Chemical Formula: CrH3O12S3
Molecular Mass: 343.208 g/mol
Melting Point: 90C
Density: 1.7g/cm3
PH 1.5-2.5
Water Solubility: Soluble in water
Color: Green Crystalline
Physical State: Powder
Formula: Cr4(SO4)5(OH)2
Molecular Weight: 343.208 g/mol
Form: Fine free flowing, Dark green color powder
CAS Number: 39380-78-4
Density: 1.7 g/cm³
Related Products of Basic Chromium Sulfate:
Copper Sulphate
Copper Sulphate Anhydrous
Magnesium Sulphate Heptahydrate
Manganese Sulphate
Synonyms of Basic Chromium Sulfate:
Koreon
Chromitan B
Baychrom A
Baychrom F
Chromitan MS
Chromitan NA
Cromitan B
Sulfuric acid
chromium salt
Chronisulfat
Chronisulfat
basic chromic sulfate
CHROMIUM(III) SULFATE BASIC
Chromium(Iii)SulphateBasic
CHROMIUM (III) SULPHATE BASIC Extra Pure
Chromic sulfate (basic)
Chromosal B
Chromium sulfate
CHROMIC SULFATE
Chromium(III) sulfate
Chromium sulphate
10101-53-8
Dichromium trisulfate
Chromic sulphate
Dichromium sulfate
Chromosulfuric acid
Dichromium sulphate
Dichromium trisulphate
Sulfuric acid, chromium salt
chromium(3+);trisulfate
UNII-Y0C99N5TMZ
14489-25-9
Y0C99N5TMZ
Koreon
Chromitan B
Baychrom A
Baychrom F
Chromitan MS
Chromitan NA
Cromitan B
Chronisulfat
Chronisulfat
Chromium sulfate (VAN)
Dichromium tris(sulphate)
Chromium sulphate (2:3)
CCRIS 6182
HSDB 2543
Chromium (III) sulfate
chromium(3+) trisulfate
EINECS 233-253-2
NSC 51151
UN2240
Chromisulfat
CI 77305
Chromium (III) sulfate (2:3)
Chromosulfuric acid
2Cr.3SO4
Chromic sulfate
CHEBI:53471
DTXSID20890642
5170AF
AKOS015897499
FT-0658527
A800314
Sulfuric acid chromium(3+)salt(3:2),pentadecahydrate
SULFURIC ACID CHROMIUM(3+) SALT (3:2), PENTADECAHYDRATE
CHROMIUM SULFATE,BASIC
Chromium hydroxide sulfate
basic chrome sulphate
Chromosal B
basic chromic sulfate
Chromic sulfate (basic)
chromium sulphate basic
chromic hydroxide sulfate
Chromium(Iii)SulphateBasic
CHROMIUM(III) SULFATE BASIC
chromium(3+) hydroxide sulfate
CHROMIUM (III) SULPHATE BASIC Extra Pure
Chromium (III) Sulphate Basic extrapure, 22.5% Cr
MeSH of Basic Chromium Sulfate:
basic chromium sulfate
chromium (+2) sulfate (1:1)
chromium (+3) sulfate (3:2)
chromium (+3) sulfate (3:2), hexahydrate
chromium (+3) sulfate (3:2), pentadecahydrate
chromium sulfate
chromium sulfate basic
chromosulfuric acid
