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BENZOPHENONE-4
Benzophenone-4 is an ingredient in some sunscreens which protects the skin from damage by UVB and UVA ultraviolet light. Benzophenone 4 (BP 4) is a white or pale yellow powder. Benzophenone 4 is used in bath products, makeup products, hair products, sunscreens and skin care products to protect cosmetics and personal care products from deterioration by absorbing, reflecting, or scattering UV rays. When used as a sunscreen ingredient, Benzophenone 4 protects the skin from UV rays.
CAS NO: 4065-45-6
EC NUMBER: 223-772-2
IUPAC NAMES:
2-HYDROXY-4-METHOXY- BENZOPHENONE--5-SULFONIC-ACID
2-Hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzophenone-5-sulfonic acid
2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzophenone-5-sulfonic acid
2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-bezophenone-5-sulfonic acid
2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid
2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic Acid Hydrate (contains 5-10% Isopropyl Alcohol)
4-Hydroxy-2-methoxy-5-(oxo-phenylmethyl)benzenesulfonic acid
5-(benzoyl)-4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzenesulfonic acid
5-benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid
5-benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzenesulfonic acid
Benzophenone 4
Benzophenone-4
Benzophenone-4
BP4
Sulisobenzone
sulisobenzone
Sulisobenzone
SYNONYMS:
Sulisobenzone;4065-45-6;Benzophenone-4;5-Benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzenesulfonic acid;Sungard;2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid;Benzophenone 4;Benzenesulfonic acid, 5-benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-;Uval;Sulisobenzona;Sulisobenzonum;Seesorb 101S;Synthase 230;Uvinul MS 40;2-HYDROXY-4-METHOXY-5-SULFOBENZOPHENONE;Spectra-Sorb UV 284;Uvinuc ms;40;MS 40;UNII-1W6L629B4K;1-Phenol-4-sulfonic acid, 2-benzoyl-5-methoxy-;1W6L629B4K;3-Benzoyl-4-hydroxy-6-methoxybenzenesulfonic acid;2-Hydroxy-4-Methoxy-5-sulfonylbenzophenone(BP-4);MFCD00024962;MFCD00977409;Uval sodium salt;NCGC00159404-02;NCGC00159404-04;2-Benzoyl-5-methoxy-1-phenol-4-sulfonic acid;DSSTox_CID_22436;DSSTox_RID_80023;DSSTox_GSID_42436;4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-5-(phenylcarbonyl)benzenesulfonic acid;Uvinul MS 40 sodium salt;Cyasorb UV 284 sodium salt;Sulisobenzonum [INN-Latin];Sulisobenzona [INN-Spanish];CAS-4065-45-6;NSC60584;NSC-60584;NSC654266;C14H12O6S;HSDB 7422;Uvinul MS-40 substanz;6628-37-1;EINECS 223-772-2;BRN 2889165;Sulfisobenzone; [USAN:USP:INN];5-Benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzene sulfonic acid;Sungard (TN);NSC 60584;HMBS;Uvinul MS-40;Uval (*sodium salt*);UVINUL MS40;CBMicro_016354; (USP/INN);EC 223-772-2;5-Benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzolsulfonsaeure;Spectra-Sorb U.V. 284;SCHEMBL16330;5-benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-benzenesulfonic acid;MLS004734662;Cyasorb UV 284 (Salt/Mix);1-Phenol-4-sulfonic acid, 2-benzoyl-5-methoxy- (6CI);CHEMBL2059073;DTXSID2042436;CHEBI:135312;, analytical standard;Uvinul MS 40 (*sodium salt*);ALBB-025816;Cyasorb UV 284 (*sodium salt*);HY-B1162;ZINC1690324;Tox21_111639;Tox21_202332;Tox21_303469;s4652;SBB002961;AKOS015895600;Tox21_111639_1;CCG-267557;CS-4610;DB11185;MCULE-1313711100; (USAN) (*sodium salt*);NCGC00159404-03;NCGC00159404-05,NCGC00257488-01;NCGC00259881-01;AC-19869;AK110733;AS-12605;;SMR001262265;ST055633;SY036839;5-benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-besylic acid;AB0012209;DB-049626;FT-0612547;2-benzoyl-5-methoxy-1-phenol-4-sulphonic acid;D05964;K-8670;J-509633;Q7636301;5-Benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzenesulfonic acid ammoniate;1-Phenol-4-sulfonic acid, 2-benzoyl-5-methoxy-, sodium salt;4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-5-(oxo-phenylmethyl)benzenesulfonic acid;Benzenesulfonic acid, 5-benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-, sodium salt;, United States Pharmacopeia (USP)Reference Standard;5-Benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzenesulfonic acid, >=97.0% (HPLC); Uvistat 1121;UV ABSORBER HMBS;5-BENZOYL-4-HYDROXY-2-METHOXYBENZENESULFONIC ACID;TIMTEC-BB SBB002961;;spectra-sorb uv 284;2-HYDROXY-4-METHOXYBENZOPHENONE-5-SULPHONIC ACID;Uv absorber BP-4(UV-284);Uvasorb?S5,;2-HYDROXY-4-METHOXYBENZOPHENONE-5-SULFONIC ACID;2-HYDROXY-4-METHOXYBENZOPHENONE-5-SULFONIC ACID HYDRATE;2-HYDROXY-4-METHOXY-5-SULFOBENZOPHENONE;2-HYDROXY-4-METHOXY-5-SULFONYLBENZOPHENONE;2-Benzoyl-5-methoxy-1-phenol-4-sulfonic acid,HMBS;BP-4;BENZOPHENONE-4;2-benzoyl-5-methoxy-1-phenol-4-sulfonicaci;2-Hydroxy-4-Methoxy-5-Benzophenonesulfonicacid;5-benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-benzenesulfonicaci;2-Hydoxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid; (500 mg);5-Benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzenesulfonic Acid ;Benzenesulfonicacid,5-benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-;Benzophenone-4,;ms40;Samsorb-4MS;seesorb101s;syntase230;uval;UvinualMS-40;uvinul;uvinulms40;UVSOB340;UV-284;2-Hydroxy-4-Methoxy-5-Sulffonylbenzophenone(BP-4);2-Hydroxy-4-Methoxy-5-Sulfo-;UV absorber UV BP-4;Hydroxy-4-Methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic Acid;5-Benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-Methoxybenzenesulfonic acid >=97.0% (HPLC);2- hydroxy-4-Methoxy -5-sulfonic acid twoBenzophenone;2 - hydroxy - 4 - Methoxy - 5 - sulphonic acid diphenyl ketone;2 - hydroxy - 4 - Methoxy diphenyl ketone - 5 - sulphonic acid;5-Benzoyl-4-hy;Anti-BIK, N-Terminal antibody produced in rabbit;Apoptosis inducer NBK;Bcl-2 interacting killer;BIKLK;BIP1;2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-sulphoic benzophenone UV284 BP4;-4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzenesuL;5-BenzoyL;2-Hydroxy-4-Methoxy-5-sulfonylbenzophenone (Benzophenone-4);5-Benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzene sulfonic aid;2-HYDROXY-4-METHOXY-5-SULFONYLBENZOPHENONE(BP-4);2-Hydroxy-4-Methoxy-5-SulphoicBenzophenoneUv284Bp4A2093;BENZOPHENONE-4 (UV 284);BENZENESULPHONICACID,5-BENZOYL-4-HYDROXY-2-METHOXY-;Uvistat 1121;UV ABSORBER HMBS;5-BENZOYL-4-HYDROXY-2-METHOXYBENZENESULFONIC ACID;TIMTEC-BB SBB002961;;spectra-sorb uv 284;2-HYDROXY-4-METHOXYBENZOPHENONE-5-SULPHONIC ACID;Uv absorber BP-4(UV-284)
Consumer Uses
Benzophenone-4 is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products, washing & cleaning products, leather treatment products and air care products.
Another release to the environment of Benzophenone-4 is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use as a processing aid.
Another release to the environment of Benzophenone-4 is likely to occur from outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)), outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials), indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment) and indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints). Benzophenone-4 can be found in products with material based on: plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones) and paper used for articles with intense direct dermal (skin) contact during normal use such as personal hygiene articles (e.g. nappies, feminine hygiene products, adult incontinence products, tissues, towels, toilet paper).
Widespread uses by professional workers
Benzophenone-4 is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products, washing & cleaning products, air care products, pharmaceuticals and polishes and waxes.
Benzophenone-4 is used in the following areas: health services, agriculture, forestry and fishing and formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
Another release to the environment of Benzophenone-4 is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).
Formulation or re-packing
Benzophenone-4 is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products, washing & cleaning products, coating products, laboratory chemicals and paper chemicals and dyes.
Release to the environment of Benzophenone-4 can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.
Uses at industrial sites
Benzophenone-4 has used in the following products: coating products, laboratory chemicals, polishes and waxes, textile treatment products and dyes, washing & cleaning products and cosmetics and personal care products.
Benzophenone-4 is used for the manufacture of textile, leather or fur and pulp, paper and paper products.
Release to the environment of Benzophenone-4 can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites and in the production of articles.
Manufacture
Release to the environment of Benzophenone-4 can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
USE AREAS
Subcategory of beverage, food for human consumption
Products used outside the home (includes outdoor toys such as sandboxes, canopies and shelters, garden statues, outdoor lighting and seating, outdoor power equipment, etc
Drug product, or related to the manufacturing of drugs; modified by veterinary, animal, or pet if indicated by the source
Pharmaceutical related
Hair conditioning and moisturizing treatments for occasional use (spray or aerosol formulation specified)
Hairstyling products for hold, shine, or texture (spray or aerosol formulation specified)
Lotions and creams primarily for hands and body (spray or aerosol formulation specified)
Shaving creams, foams, balms and soaps (gel formulation specified)
Personal care products, including cosmetics, shampoos, perfumes, soaps, lotions, toothpaste, etc
Products specifically designed for use by babies (includes diapers, baby toys, baby clothing, baby food, etc., with appropriate modifiers)
General products related to the hair (hair tools, hair salons, shampoo, conditioner, hair dye); more specific modifiers included when known
Related to exfoliation of the body, i.e. personal care product
Fragrances or odour agents, can be used in home products (cleaners, laundry products, air fresheners) or similar industrial products; usage indicated when known; more specific modifiers included when known
General products related to the hair (hair tools, hair salons, shampoo, conditioner, hair dye); more specific modifiers included when known
Personal care products, including scouring cream, hand creams, shaving cream, and tanning cream
Personal care products, including scouring cream, hand creams, shaving cream, and tanning cream
Subcategory of personal care and cosmetics, lotions and moisturizers for consumer use
General products related to the hair (hair tools, hair salons, shampoo, conditioner, hair dye); more specific modifiers included when known
Personal care products used on the hands, such as soaps, lotions, sanitisers (does not include handwear, i.e. gloves)
Sunscreen, used on the skin to protect skin from the sun's rays
Personal care products for general use on the body (body makeup, body powder, body treatments, body cleansers)
Inert ingredients in a pesticide
General products related to the hair (hair tools, hair salons, shampoo, conditioner, hair dye); more specific modifiers included when known
Toys (e.g. dress-up clothes, dolls, playground equipment, bath toys, etc); pet toys; includes additional modifiers when appropriate
Related to products specifically designed for children (e.g. toys, children's cosmetics, etc)
Ultraviolet absorber for leather and textile fibres; in cosmetics and shampoos.
Used as an ultraviolet absorber in US cosmetics at concentrations of 5-10%
Industry Processing Sectors
All other chemical product and preparation manufacturing
2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid is a commonly used, FDA approved sunscreen chemical with uVA-absorbing properties and an approved usage level of 5 to 10%. It protects a formulation from the effects of uV-light exposure.
Ultraviolet absorber for leather and textile fibres; in cosmetics and shampoos.
What Is Benzophenone-4?
Benzophenone-1, -3, -4, -5, -9 and-11 are compounds made from 2-hydroxy benzophenone. These compounds are powders. In cosmetics and personal care products, Benzophenone-1 and Benzophenone-3 are used mostly in the formulation of nail polishes and enamels. These Benzophenone ingredients are also used in bath products, makeup products, hair products, sunscreens and skin care products.
Why is Benzophenone-4 used in cosmetics and personal care products?
Benzophenone-1, Benzophenone-3, Benzophenone 4, Benzophenone-5, Benzophenone-9 and Benzophenone-11 protect cosmetics and personal care products from deterioration by absorbing, reflecting, or scattering UV rays. When used as sunscreen ingredients, Benzophenone-3 and Benzophenone 4 protect the skin from UV rays.
Scientific Facts of Benzophenone-4:
Benzophenone ingredients absorb and dissipate UV radiation, which serves to protect cosmetics and personal care products. As part of sunscreen products, which are OTC drugs in the United States, Benzophenone-3 (Oxybenzone) and Benzophenone 4 (Sulisobenzone) protect the skin from harmful effects of the sun.
Exposing unprotected skin to UV light (primarily in the UV-B range) can result in sunburn and can promote premature ageing of the skin and skin cancer.
Use of Benzophenone-4: Benzophenone 4 is a water-soluble UVB absorber and is also commonly used to protect formulations from degradation due to UV exposure. In combination with UVA absorbers, it offers broad-spectrum protection against UV radiation for skin and hair.
Benzophenone 4's production and use as an ultraviolet absorber in cosmetics, sunscreens and shampoos and in leather and textile fabrics(1,2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, an estimated vapor pressure of 1.3X10-11 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates Benzophenone 4 will exist solely in the particulate phase in the atmosphere. Particulate-phase Benzophenone 4 will be removed from the atmosphere by wet and dry deposition. Benzophenone 4 absorbs at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, Benzophenone 4 is expected to have high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 67. The estimated pKa values of the sulfonic acid are -2.4 and 7.6, indicating that this compound will exist in the anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts. Volatilization from moist soil is not expected because the compound exists as an anion and anions do not volatilize. Benzophenone 4 is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapour pressure. No relevant data were available to assess the importance of biodegradation in soil or water. If released into water, Benzophenone 4 is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected based upon the estimated pKa values. An estimated BCF of 3.2 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Sensitized photolysis may have some importance in natural waters exposed to sunlight. Occupational exposure to Benzophenone 4 may occur through dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where Benzophenone 4 is produced or used. The general population may be exposed to Benzophenone 4 via dermal contact with this compound in consumer products, such as sunscreens and cosmetics, containing Benzophenone 4.
Based on a classification scheme, an estimated Koc value of 67, determined from a structure estimation method, indicates that Benzophenone 4 (BP-4) is expected to have high mobility in soil. The estimated pKa values of Benzophenone 4 (BP 4) are -2.4 and 7.6, indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4). Volatilization from moist soil is not expected because the compound exists as an anion and anions do not volatilize. Benzophenone 4 (BP-4) is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon an estimated vapour pressure of 1.3X10-11 mm Hg at 25 °C, determined from a fragment constant method. No relevant data were available to assess the importance of biodegradation in the environment.
The rate constant for the vapour-phase reaction of Benzophenone 4 (BP-4) with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 7.5X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C using a structure estimation method. This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 5.2 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm. Benzophenone 4 (BP-4) is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of hydrolyzable functional groups. Benzophenone 4 (BP-4) absorbs at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. Phenols are susceptible to sensitized photolysis in natural waters exposed to sunlight through reaction with hydroxy and peroxy radicals(4); therefore sensitized photolysis may have some importance in the environment.
An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated for Benzophenone 4 (BP-4), using an estimated log Kow of 0.37 and a regression-derived equation. According to a classification scheme, this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.
Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices, the Koc of Benzophenone 4 (BP-4) can be estimated to be 67. According to a classification scheme, this estimated Koc value suggests that Benzophenone 4 (BP-4) is expected to have high mobility in soil. The estimated pKa values of Benzophenone 4 (BP-4) are -2.4 and 7.6, indicating that this compound will exist in the anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts.
The estimated pKa values of -2.4 and 7.6 indicate Benzophenone 4 (BP-4) will exist almost entirely in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and, therefore, volatilization from water and moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process. Benzophenone 4 (BP-4) is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon an estimated vapour pressure of 1.3X10-11 mm Hg, determined from a fragment constant method.
Pharmacology of Benzophenone-4 (BP 4)
Benzophenone 4 sunscreens, applied topically, protect the skin from these harmful effects of ultraviolet light by chemically absorbing light energy (photons). Correct use of sunscreens serves to reduce the risk of sunburn. Sunscreen agents prevent the occurrence of squamous-cell carcinoma of the skin when used mainly during unintentional sun exposure. No conclusion can be drawn about the cancer-preventive activity of topical use of sunscreens against both basal-cell carcinoma and cutaneous melanoma. The use of sunscreens can extend the duration of intentional sun exposure, such as bathing in the sun.
A surface coating of benzophenones decreases the amount of UV radiation absorbed by the skin by limiting the total amount of energy that reaches the skin. Benzophenone 4 sunscreens, applied topically, protect the skin from these harmful effects of ultraviolet light by chemically absorbing light energy (photons). As this occurs, the benzophenone molecule becomes activated to higher energy levels. As the excited molecule returns to its ground state, the energy is released in the form of thermal energy. The hydroxyl group in the ortho position to the carbonyl group is believed to be a structural requirement for the benzophenones' absorption of UV light. This structural arrangement also contributes to the electronic stability of the molecule. Benzophenone 4 absorb energy throughout the UV range, although the maximum UV absorbance is between 284 and 287 nm for Benzophenone 4.
Benzophenone 4 sunscreens, applied topically, protect the skin from these harmful effects of ultraviolet light by chemically absorbing light energy (photons). As this occurs, the Benzophenone 4 molecule becomes excited to higher energy levels. As the excited molecule returns to its ground state, the energy is released in the form of thermal energy. The hydroxyl group in the ortho position to the carbonyl group is believed to be a structural requirement for the Benzophenone 4's absorption of UV light. This structural arrangement also contributes to the electronic stability of the molecule. Thus, a surface coating of Benzophenones decreases the amount of UV radiation absorbed by the skin by limiting the total amount of energy that reaches the skin. Benzophenone 4 absorb energy throughout the UV range, though the maximum absorbance is between 284 and 287 nm for Benzophenone 4.
Benzophenone-4 is prepared via sulfonation of Benzophenone-3. The product is purified by precipitation from aqueous HCl, isolated by centrifugation, washed with acidic water, and dried.
The maximum recommended levels of lead and arsenic impurities in Benzophenone-4 are /13 ppm and 1 ppm respectively/.
Benzophenone 4 (BP-4) is the organic compound with the formula (C6H5)2CO, generally abbreviated Ph2CO. It is a white solid that is soluble in organic solvents. Benzophenone 4 (BP-4) is a widely used building block in organic chemistry, being the parent diaryl ketone.
Uses of Benzophenone-4
Benzophenone 4 (BP-4) can be used as a photoinitiator in UV-curing applications such as inks, imaging, and clear coatings in the printing industry. Benzophenone 4 (BP-4) prevents ultraviolet (UV) light from damaging scents and colours in products such as perfumes and soaps.
Benzophenone 4 (BP-4) can also be added to plastic packaging as a UV blocker to prevent photo-degradation of the packaging polymers or their contents. Its use allows manufacturers to package the product in clear glass or plastic (such as a PETE water bottle). Without it, opaque or dark packaging would be required.
In biological applications, Benzophenone 4 (BP-4)s have been used extensively as photophysical probes to identify and map peptide-protein interactions.
Benzophenone 4 (BP-4) is used as an additive in flavourings or perfumes for "sweet-woody-geranium-like notes."
Benzophenone-4 is a UV filter that protects the skin from damage by UVB and short-wave UVA ultraviolet light Used in the preparation of sunscreen agents.
Benzophenone-4 is a water-soluble UVB absorber and is also commonly used to protect formulations from degradation due to UV exposure.
In combination with UVA absorbers, it offers broad-spectrum protection against UV radiation for skin and hair.
Benzophenone-4 is a photo stabilizer and sunscreen agent used for its ability to absorb UV rays.
Benzophenone-4 helps prevent the integrity of other cosmetic ingredients from deteriorating under the sun.
Though Benzophenone-4 covers UVB and short UVA (UVA-2) range rays, it's an inadequate sunscreen agent when used alone.
For this reason, Benzophenone-4 is often used in conjunction with other sun protecting ingredients.
Benzophenone-4 is used in a variety of personal care products like sunscreen, nail polish, lotion/cream and lipstick.
Benefits of Benzophenone-4
When combined with an oil-soluble UV absorber, Benzophenone-4 enables formulations with a very high Sun Protection Factor (SPF).
Benzophenone-4 prevents natural- and synthetic hair dyes from fading in the sun.
Benzophenone-4 stabilizes fragrances and active ingredients against degradation or oxidation.
Benzophenone-4 decreases the light sensitivity of wool and pesticides.
Instead of penetrating the skin to a large degree, Benzophenone-4 enhances the ability of other ingredients to penetrate.
Benzophenone 4 is an ingredient in some sunscreens which protects the skin from damage by UVB and UVA ultraviolet light. It is a water-soluble broadband UV filter. It has worldwide approval for skin protection and it is widely used in sun preparations. It can also offer protection of colourants against fading and help stabilize fragrances and active ingredients against oxidation.
• As a colourant protector in transparent packaging (the recommended concentration is 0.05 – 0.5%)
• As a viscosity stabilizer for gels based on polyacrylic acid (Carbopol) when exposed to UV- radiation (the recommended concentration is 0.1%)
• As a stabilizer for fragrance oils in conditioning shampoos and body cleansers
• As a protector of hair against the ill effects of UV radiation in hair gels, shampoos and hair setting lotions, mousses and sprays
Benzophenone-4 protects products from deterioration by absorbing, reflecting, or scattering UV rays.
When used as sunscreen ingredients, Benzophenone-4 protects the skin and the hair from UV rays.
Benzophenone-4 uses and applications include: UV absorber in cosmetics, sunscreens, hair products for dyed and tinted hair, pharmaceuticals; light stabilizer for plastics, leather, and textile fibres; viscous stabilizer for gels based on polyacrylic acid exposed to UV radiation
CLASS: Specialty Chemicals
FUNCTIONS: UV Absorber, Acid, Stabilizer
INDUSTRY: Cosmetic, Pharmaceutical, Plastics
• As protection against sunburn in aqueous-based formulations
• As a colour fastness improver of dye fabrics in textiles
• As a preventer of yellowing of wool
• As a preventer of discolouration of synthetic fibres
It must be noted that Benzophenone-4 is incompatible with Magnesium salts, particularly in W/O type emulsions
Benzophenone is used as an ultraviolet curing agent, flavour ingredient, fragrance enhancer and perfume fixative, and as an additive for plastics, coatings and adhesive formulations. Benzophenone is also used as a screen to prevent ultraviolet light-induced damage to cosmetics. Benzophenone-4 provides inadequate UVB protection when used alone. Helps to stabilize UV sensitive formulations such as hair dyes, hair sprays and colour enhanced formulations.
Benzophenone-4 is approved worldwide, the maximum concentration in ready for use preparation vary according to local legislation.
The sulfonic acid group makes Benzophenone-4 soluble in water, these acid group must be neutralized with one of the usual neutralizing agents,e.g.Na OH.
The yellow colour of benzophenone-4 is intensified by neutralization, this may change the colouration of the solution.
It should be noted that Benzophenone-4 is not compatible with magnesium salts.
Properties & Applications:
•Water-soluble
•A secondary UVB absorber with activity in the UVA region
•Protects colourants against fading
•Helps stabilize fragrances and active ingredients against oxidation
•For anti-ageing face care products and sunscreens
Benzophenone-4 is a white or pale yellow powder.
Benzophenone-4 is used in bath products, makeup products, hair products, sunscreens and skin care products to protect cosmetics and personal care products from deterioration by absorbing, reflecting, or scattering UV rays.
When used as a sunscreen ingredient, Benzophenone-4 protects the skin from UV rays.
Benzophenone-4 is approved by the FDA in concentrations of up to 10% and in Canada, is approved by Health Canada at the same concentrations.
Benzophenone-4 works to filter out both UVA and UVB rays, protecting the skin from sun UV damage.
The UV-filter substance, Benzophenone-4 is widely used as an ingredient in sunscreens and other personal care products
It falls under the drug category of benzophenones.
The benzophenones are a group of aromatic ketones that have both pharmaceutical and industrial applications.
Benzophenones may be found organically in fruits such as grapes.
Benzophenones are used as photoinitiators, fragrance enhancers, ultraviolet curing agents, and, occasionally, as flavour ingredients; they are also used in the manufacture of insecticides, agricultural chemicals, and pharmaceuticals and as an additive for plastics, coatings, and adhesives.
As a group, benzophenones may be used to delay photodegradation or extend shelf life in toiletries and plastic surface coatings.
The four main benzophenone derivatives that have been used widely in sunscreens and cosmetics are listed below.
They share similar chemical and physical properties. Often benzophenone is used in combination with other chemical absorbing sunscreens to augment and stabilise the final product.
The UV-filter substance, Benzophenone-4 (BP-4) is widely used as an ingredient in sunscreens and other personal care products.
It falls under the drug category of benzophenones. The benzophenones are a group of aromatic ketones that have both pharmaceutical and industrial applications.
Benzophenones may be found organically in fruits such as grapes.
Benzophenones are used as photoinitiators, fragrance enhancers, ultraviolet curing agents, and, occasionally, as flavour ingredients; they are also used in the manufacture of insecticides, agricultural chemicals, and pharmaceuticals and as an additive for plastics, coatings, and adhesives.
As a group, benzophenones may be used to delay photodegradation or extend shelf life in toiletries and plastic surface coatings.
Pharmacodynamics Affects
Benzophenone sunscreens, applied topically, protect the skin from these harmful effects of ultraviolet light by chemically absorbing light energy (photons).
The correct use of sunscreens serves to reduce the risk of sunburn.
Sunscreen agents prevent the occurrence of squamous-cell carcinoma of the skin when used mainly during unintentional sun exposure.
No conclusion can be drawn about the cancer-preventive activity of topical use of sunscreens against both basal-cell carcinoma and cutaneous melanoma.
The use of sunscreens can extend the duration of intentional sun exposure, such as bathing in the sun.
Benzophenone-4 is an effective sunscreen agent with a broad spectrum absorbance ranging between 270 and 350 nm.
Benzophenone-4 is also used as a light stabilizer for water-based products.
Benzophenone-4 can be used in combination with oil-soluble UV filters in order to boost sun-screening properties, especially in O/W emulsions.
Benzophenone-4 is used in sun-care, skin-care, shower gels, shampoos, soaps, hair-care and shaving products.
Benzophenone-4 acts as a sunscreen agent/ultraviolet light absorber. Benzophenone-4 is used in sun care applications.
Benzophenone-4 is a UV filter. Benzophenone-4 is a secondary UV-B absorber with activity in the UV-A region.
Benzophenone-4 provides supplemental UV protection and boosts SPF activity. Moreover, Benzophenone-4 offers colour protection for products in clear packages.
Benzophenone-4 UV filter finds application in formulating sun-care (after-sun, self-tanning and sunscreen application), body- & facial-care formulas and colour cosmetics.
Benzophenone-4 functions as a UV light absorber with properties of odourless, high resistible to thermal degradation and readily compatible with a variety of polymers.
Benzophenone-4 may be used as an anti-oxidation material in aqueous systems. It is made from 2-hydroxybenzophenone.
Benzophenone-4 is mostly found in the formulation of nail polishes and enamels. Benzophenone-4 is also used in bath products, makeup products, hair products, sunscreens and skincare products.
Benzophenone-4 acts as a UV filter. Benzophenone-4 is water-soluble and offers broad-spectrum protection.
Benzophenone-4 is not compatible with magnesium salts, particularly in w/o emulsions.
Benzophenone-4 is a combination of an oil-soluble UV filter and a water-soluble UV filter that gives the highest sun protection.
Benzophenone-4 is approved for skin protection and widely used in sun preparations with sulfonic acid group neutralized, eg with Triethanolamine, sodium hydroxide etc.
