BENZOTRIAZOLE BTA

Benzotriazole BTA is an aromatic heterocyclic compound consisting of a benzene ring fused with a three-nitrogen triazole ring.
Benzotriazole BTA is widely used as a corrosion inhibitor, metal passivator, and antitarnish agent, particularly for copper and copper-containing alloys.
Benzotriazole BTA forms a protective film on metal surfaces and is commonly incorporated into metalworking fluids, coolants, antifreeze formulations, lubricants, coatings, detergents, and water-treatment products.

CAS Number: 95-14-7
EC Number: 202-394-1
Molecular Formula: C6H5N3
Molecular Weight: 119.12 g/mol

Synonyms: Benzotriazole, BTA, 1H-Benzotriazole, 1,2,3-Benzotriazole, Benzene Azimide, Benzotriazol, BZT, 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole, 1,2,3-Benzotriazol, Aziminobenzene, Benzene-1,2,3-Triazole, Benzotriazole Corrosion Inhibitor, BTA Corrosion Inhibitor, Benzotriazole Metal Passivator, Copper Corrosion Inhibitor BTA, Copper Passivator BTA, Benzotriazole Antitarnish Agent, Benzotriazole Metal Deactivator, Benzotriazole Industrial Grade, Benzotriazole Technical Grade, Benzotriazole BTA, Benzotriazole, BTA, 1H-Benzotriazole, 1,2,3-Benzotriazole, Azimidobenzene, Benzisotriazole, Benzotriazol, Benzo-1,2,3-triazole, 1H-1,2,3-Benzotriazole, 1,2,3-Triazaindene, Benzotriazole Corrosion Inhibitor, BTA Corrosion Inhibitor, Benzotriazole Copper Inhibitor, Benzotriazole Metal Passivator, Benzotriazole Antirust Agent, Benzotriazole Anti-Corrosion Agent, Benzotriazole Rust Preventive, Benzotriazole Scale Inhibitor, Benzotriazole Cooling Water Inhibitor, Benzotriazole Water Treatment Chemical, Benzotriazole Industrial Grade, Benzotriazole Technical Grade, Benzotriazole Chemical Grade, Benzotriazole Reagent Grade, Benzotriazole High Purity, High Purity Benzotriazole, Benzotriazole Pure, Pure Benzotriazole, Benzotriazole Powder, Benzotriazole Granules, Benzotriazole Crystals, Benzotriazole Solid, Benzotriazole Intermediate, Benzotriazole Synthesis Grade, Benzotriazole for Synthesis, Benzotriazole Stabilizer, Benzotriazole UV Stabilizer Intermediate, Benzotriazole Copper Passivator, Benzotriazole Brass Inhibitor, Benzotriazole Silver Inhibitor, Benzotriazole Zinc Inhibitor, Benzotriazole Metal Deactivator

APPLICATIONS

Benzotriazole BTA is widely used as a corrosion inhibitor for copper and copper-containing alloys.
Benzotriazole BTA is applied to brass surfaces to reduce oxidation, discoloration, and tarnishing.
Benzotriazole BTA is used to protect bronze components from atmospheric and aqueous corrosion.

Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into metalworking fluids to protect copper-containing machinery and workpieces.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in cutting fluids to minimize corrosion of tools and circulation equipment.
Benzotriazole BTA is added to grinding fluids to protect non-ferrous metal surfaces.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in water-based machining lubricants as a copper and brass passivator.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into synthetic metalworking fluids to improve multimetal compatibility.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in semi-synthetic coolants to prevent staining of copper alloys.

Benzotriazole BTA is applied in closed-loop cooling-water systems to control corrosion of copper tubing.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in recirculating-water systems to protect copper heat exchangers.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into cooling-tower treatment formulations for non-ferrous metal protection.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in chilled-water systems to inhibit corrosion of copper and brass components.
Benzotriazole BTA is applied in heating and air-conditioning water circuits containing copper alloys.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in industrial water-treatment programs where copper-bearing equipment requires protection.

Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into automotive antifreeze formulations as a metal corrosion inhibitor.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in engine coolants to protect radiators, heater cores, and copper-containing parts.
Benzotriazole BTA is added to glycol-based heat-transfer fluids to reduce long-term corrosion.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in ethylene glycol formulations intended for industrial cooling systems.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into propylene glycol heat-transfer fluids used in closed circuits.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in solar thermal fluids to protect metallic circulation components.

Benzotriazole BTA is applied in refrigeration brines to protect copper-containing equipment.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in process coolants operating in mixed-metal systems.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into geothermal heat-transfer fluids for corrosion control.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in automatic dishwashing detergents to reduce tarnishing of metal utensils.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into institutional dishwashing formulations for silver and copper protection.
Benzotriazole BTA is added to detergent tablets to minimize discoloration of metallic items.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in rinse-aid formulations where metal-surface protection is required.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into specialty cleaning products for copper, brass, and bronze.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in alkaline cleaning formulations to reduce attack on copper substrates.

Benzotriazole BTA is included in industrial degreasers intended for equipment containing non-ferrous metals.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in aqueous parts-cleaning solutions to prevent flash corrosion after washing.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into precision-cleaning formulations for sensitive metal components.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in copper-cleaning processes to provide temporary protection after oxide removal.
Benzotriazole BTA is applied in brass-cleaning formulations to reduce rapid retarnishing.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into metal-polishing products to extend surface brightness.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in antitarnish formulations for decorative copper articles.
Benzotriazole BTA is applied to brass fixtures and architectural components to preserve appearance.
Benzotriazole BTA is used to protect copper surfaces during storage and transportation.

Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into protective coatings for copper and copper-alloy surfaces.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in clear lacquers to improve corrosion resistance over copper substrates.
Benzotriazole BTA is added to primers intended for application on non-ferrous metals.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in temporary protective coatings for metal components during storage.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into solvent-borne coatings for improved copper passivation.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in waterborne coating systems designed for brass and bronze surfaces.

Benzotriazole BTA is applied in protective waxes for copper artifacts and decorative metalwork.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into corrosion-preventive oils for equipment containing copper alloys.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in preventive formulations where yellow-metal compatibility is required.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in lubricating oils as a copper corrosion inhibitor and metal deactivator.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into industrial gear oils to protect copper-containing bearings and bushings.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in hydraulic fluids to minimize corrosion of brass and bronze components.

Benzotriazole BTA is added to turbine oils to reduce catalytic oxidation associated with dissolved copper.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in compressor lubricants to protect copper-containing internal parts.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into circulating oils for improved non-ferrous metal compatibility.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in transformer oils as a copper-passivating additive.
Benzotriazole BTA is applied in electrical insulating fluids to reduce reactions involving copper conductors.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into specialty dielectric-fluid additive packages.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in grease formulations to protect brass cages and bronze bushings.
Benzotriazole BTA is added to automotive lubricant packages as a corrosion-control component.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in marine lubricants where copper-alloy parts contact oil or moisture.

Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into fuel-additive systems as a metal-deactivating component.
Benzotriazole BTA is used to reduce copper-catalyzed oxidation in selected hydrocarbon formulations.
Benzotriazole BTA is applied in petroleum products requiring protection of yellow metals.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in printed circuit board manufacturing to protect exposed copper surfaces.
Benzotriazole BTA is applied during electronic-component processing to reduce copper oxidation.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into electronics-cleaning systems as a copper passivator.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in copper-foil treatment processes to improve temporary oxidation resistance.
Benzotriazole BTA is applied to electronic connectors containing copper or copper alloys.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in storage treatments for copper-clad laminates.

Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into post-etch rinses used in printed circuit processing.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in microelectronic cleaning formulations to control attack on copper features.
Benzotriazole BTA is applied in semiconductor-processing solutions as a copper corrosion inhibitor.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in chemical mechanical planarization formulations to regulate copper dissolution.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into copper-polishing slurries to improve processing selectivity.
Benzotriazole BTA is used during precision copper processing to form a temporary passivating film.

Benzotriazole BTA is applied in electroplating operations to control corrosion between processing stages.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in copper-plating and post-treatment systems where passivation is required.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into metal-finishing rinses to reduce staining during drying.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in electroless copper-processing systems as a surface-control additive.
Benzotriazole BTA is applied in metal-treatment baths to moderate copper reactivity.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in finishing facilities that process mixed-metal equipment.

Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into photographic-processing solutions to reduce metal corrosion.
Benzotriazole BTA is used as an antifoggant and development restrainer in photographic formulations.
Benzotriazole BTA is applied in silver-halide photographic processes to control unwanted image fog.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in black-and-white photographic developers as a restraining agent.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into technical photographic chemicals requiring controlled development.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in specialty imaging processes to improve image clarity and stability.

Benzotriazole BTA is applied in art conservation to stabilize archaeological copper and bronze objects.
Benzotriazole BTA is used by conservators to reduce active corrosion on copper-based artifacts.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into preservation treatments for historical bronze sculptures.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in museum conservation for copper coins, ornaments, tools, and decorative objects.
Benzotriazole BTA is applied to excavated copper alloys after cleaning and desalination.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in restoration procedures to slow the recurrence of bronze disease.

Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into conservation coatings to reinforce protection of treated artifacts.
Benzotriazole BTA is applied in archaeological laboratories as a copper-complexing passivator.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in heritage-metal preservation where minimal visual change is desired.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in protective treatments for copper roofs and architectural details.
Benzotriazole BTA is applied to copper façades to reduce uneven tarnishing.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into protective products for brass hardware and building fittings.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in plumbing-system treatment products where copper corrosion must be controlled.
Benzotriazole BTA is applied in industrial water systems containing copper pipes and fittings.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into leak-testing fluids to reduce corrosion of metal parts.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in pressure-testing solutions for equipment containing brass and bronze components.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into hydrostatic test fluids to provide temporary corrosion protection.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in fire-protection water systems containing copper-based equipment.

Benzotriazole BTA is applied in industrial descaling formulations to reduce attack on copper surfaces.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into acid-cleaning inhibitor packages for mixed-metal equipment.
Benzotriazole BTA is used during chemical cleaning of heat exchangers containing copper alloys.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in pickling and surface-treatment formulations to moderate copper dissolution.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into process chemicals for copper-wire and copper-tube manufacturing.
Benzotriazole BTA is applied in intermediate rinses to prevent oxidation before further processing.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in wire-drawing lubricants for copper and brass products.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into tube-forming lubricants to protect copper surfaces.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in stamping and forming fluids for yellow-metal components.

Benzotriazole BTA is added to rolling oils used in copper-sheet and copper-foil production.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into polishing fluids used for precision brass components.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in lapping compounds where copper-containing surfaces require protection.

Benzotriazole BTA is employed as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of specialty organic compounds.
Benzotriazole BTA is used as a starting material for substituted benzotriazole derivatives.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into research synthesis involving heterocyclic chemistry.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in pharmaceutical and fine-chemical research as a synthetic building block.
Benzotriazole BTA is employed in laboratory reactions as an activating or leaving-group component.
Benzotriazole BTA is used to prepare intermediates for further organic functionalization.

Benzotriazole BTA is applied in peptide and organic synthesis through specialized derivatives.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in the preparation of acyl-transfer and condensation reagents.
Benzotriazole BTA is employed in research involving nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in analytical laboratories as a reference or method-development material.
Benzotriazole BTA is included in environmental monitoring standards for water analysis.
Benzotriazole BTA is analyzed as a marker associated with corrosion-inhibitor use.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in corrosion-inhibition research under acidic, neutral, and alkaline conditions.
Benzotriazole BTA is evaluated in electrochemical testing of copper passivation.
Benzotriazole BTA is employed in materials research involving metal-organic surface interactions.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in vapor-phase and contact corrosion-inhibitor development.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into packaging materials intended to protect copper components.
Benzotriazole BTA is applied in corrosion-inhibiting papers and films for metal storage.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in maintenance chemicals for machinery containing mixed metals.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into long-term storage fluids for spare parts and assemblies.
Benzotriazole BTA is applied in preservation solutions used before equipment commissioning.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in marine cooling systems to protect copper-nickel and related alloys.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into shipboard chemicals for copper-containing water circuits.
Benzotriazole BTA is applied in offshore equipment fluids requiring non-ferrous metal protection.

Benzotriazole BTA is used in aerospace maintenance fluids to protect copper-alloy components.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into cleaning and preservation products for transportation equipment.
Benzotriazole BTA is used in heavy-equipment maintenance formulations for mixed-metal protection.

Benzotriazole BTA is applied in industrial process baths to maintain the integrity of copper parts.
Benzotriazole BTA is incorporated into specialty additive packages where copper-ion deactivation is required.
Benzotriazole BTA is valued because it adsorbs strongly and forms a protective complex on copper surfaces.

DESCRIPTION

Benzotriazole BTA is a fused aromatic heterocyclic compound containing three adjacent nitrogen atoms.
Benzotriazole BTA commonly occurs as a white to off-white crystalline powder, flakes, granules, or needles.
Benzotriazole BTA may have a pale beige or light tan appearance depending on purity and storage conditions.

Benzotriazole BTA has the molecular formula C6H5N3 and a molecular weight of approximately 119.12 g/mol.
Benzotriazole BTA exists in tautomeric forms involving migration of hydrogen within the triazole ring.
Benzotriazole BTA is commonly identified in commercial formulations by the abbreviation BTA.

Benzotriazole BTA forms strongly adsorbed complexes with copper atoms and copper ions at metal surfaces.
Benzotriazole BTA creates a thin and adherent passivating film that limits exposure to corrosive media.
Benzotriazole BTA is particularly effective on copper, brass, bronze, and related alloys.

Benzotriazole BTA can function as an anodic, cathodic, or mixed-type corrosion inhibitor.
Benzotriazole BTA helps reduce oxidation, staining, tarnishing, pitting, and general corrosion.
Benzotriazole BTA may remain effective at relatively low concentrations when properly formulated.

Benzotriazole BTA is moderately soluble in water and soluble in several polar organic solvents.
Benzotriazole BTA becomes more soluble in alkaline aqueous systems through salt formation.
Benzotriazole BTA can be supplied as a solid or incorporated into liquid additive preparations.

Benzotriazole BTA is weakly acidic because the hydrogen associated with the triazole ring can dissociate.
Benzotriazole BTA reacts with alkaline materials to form benzotriazolate salts.
Benzotriazole BTA coordinates with metal ions through the nitrogen atoms of its triazole structure.

Benzotriazole BTA has good stability under many normal industrial processing conditions.
Benzotriazole BTA should be protected from excessive heat and incompatible oxidizing materials.
Benzotriazole BTA may release irritating nitrogen-containing fumes during strong heating or decomposition.

Benzotriazole BTA dust may irritate the eyes, respiratory tract, skin, and mucous membranes.
Benzotriazole BTA should be handled with suitable gloves, eye protection, and adequate ventilation.
Benzotriazole BTA should not be released unnecessarily into drains, soil, or natural waterways.

Benzotriazole BTA is valued because it provides targeted metal protection without significantly altering appearance.
Benzotriazole BTA may be used alone or combined with buffers, surfactants, and other corrosion inhibitors.
Benzotriazole BTA performance depends on concentration, pH, temperature, metal condition, and formulation composition.

PROPERTIES

Chemical Formula: C6H5N3
Molecular Weight: 119.12 g/mol
Common Name: Benzotriazole BTA
IUPAC Name: 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole
CAS Number: 95-14-7
EC Number: 202-394-1
Appearance: White to off-white crystalline powder, flakes, granules, or needles
Odor: Mild characteristic odor or nearly odorless
Melting Point: Approximately 96–100°C
Boiling Point: Approximately 350°C, with decomposition possible
Solubility in Water: Moderately soluble; solubility increases under alkaline conditions
Solubility in Organic Solvents: Soluble in alcohols and several polar organic solvents
Acid-Base Character: Weakly acidic heterocyclic compound
pKa: Approximately 8–9, depending on measurement conditions
Density: Approximately 1.3–1.4 g/cm³
Vapor Pressure: Low at ambient temperature
Function: Corrosion inhibitor, copper passivator, antitarnish agent, and metal deactivator
Stability: Stable under recommended dry, cool, and well-ventilated storage conditions
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents and other highly reactive chemicals
Storage Temperature: Store at ambient temperature in a cool and dry location
Shelf Life: Commonly 24 months or longer in sealed original packaging

FIRST AID

Inhalation:
Move the affected person to fresh air.
Keep the person at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
Seek medical attention if coughing, irritation, dizziness, or respiratory discomfort persists.

Skin Contact:
Remove contaminated clothing and shoes.
Wash the affected skin thoroughly with soap and plenty of water.
Seek medical advice if redness, irritation, pain, or other symptoms persist.

Eye Contact:
Rinse cautiously with clean water for several minutes.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do.
Continue rinsing and seek medical attention if irritation, pain, or visual disturbance persists.

Ingestion:
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by qualified medical personnel.
Contact a physician or poison center if a significant quantity has been swallowed.

Note to Physicians:
Treat symptomatically and provide supportive care.
No specific antidote is generally required.
Consider the exposure route, quantity, symptoms, and current product-specific safety data sheet.

HANDLING AND STORAGE

Handling:
Use appropriate protective gloves, protective clothing, and safety goggles.
Avoid direct contact with the skin, eyes, and clothing.
Avoid breathing dust and minimize dust generation during transfer.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke in areas where Benzotriazole BTA is handled.
Wash hands and exposed skin thoroughly after handling.

Ventilation:
Provide adequate general ventilation in storage and processing areas.
Use local exhaust ventilation where airborne dust may be generated.
Keep airborne concentrations as low as reasonably practicable.
Prevent dust accumulation on floors, equipment, and elevated surfaces.
Use suitable respiratory protection when ventilation is insufficient.

Storage:
Store Benzotriazole BTA in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated location.
Keep containers tightly closed when the material is not in use.
Protect the product from moisture, excessive heat, direct sunlight, and contamination.
Store away from strong oxidizing agents and incompatible materials.
Keep the product in correctly labeled and chemically compatible containers.

Spill and Leak Procedures:
Restrict access to the affected area and provide adequate ventilation.
Avoid creating airborne dust during cleanup.
Sweep, shovel, or vacuum the material using appropriate industrial equipment.
Place recovered material in a closed and properly labeled waste or recovery container.
Prevent Benzotriazole BTA from entering drains, sewers, soil, or natural waterways.

Handling Precautions:
Review the current supplier safety data sheet before industrial use.
Ensure eyewash stations and emergency washing facilities are readily available.
Use clean and dry equipment when transferring the product.
Keep packaging closed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination.
Dispose of waste and contaminated packaging according to applicable regulations.