PRODUCTS

BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO)

Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is used also as a bleach in the food industry.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is used to harden the resin in hot mold.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is applied alone at high temperatures and with accelerators at room temperature.

CAS Number: 94-36-0
EC / EINECS Number: 202-327-6
IUPAC name: benzoic peroxyanhydride
Molecular Formula: C₁₄H₁₀O₄
Molecular Weight: ≈ 242.22–242.23 g/mol

SYNONYMS:
Benoxyl, Benzoperoxide, Dibenzoyl Peroxide, Peroxide, Dibenzoyl, BENZOYL PEROXIDE, 94-36-0, Peroxide, dibenzoyl, Dibenzoyl peroxide, Benzoyl superoxide, Benzoperoxide, Benoxyl, Lucidol, Acetoxyl, Oxylite, Panoxyl, Persadox, Benzol peroxide, Dibenzoylperoxid, Diphenylglyoxal peroxide, Benzoylperoxid, Luperco AST, Asidopan, Loroxide, Theraderm, Benzac, Eloxyl, Mytolac, benzoyl benzenecarboperoxoate, Resdan Akne, Epi-Clear, Persa-Gel, Akneroxid 5, Dry and Clear, Duresthin 5, benzoylperoxide, Nayper BO, Benzoylperoxyde, Debroxide, Novadelox, Vanoxide, Acnegel, Incidol, Garox, Topex, Xerac, Dibenzoylperoxyde, Luperox fl, Peroxyde de benzoyle, Cadox bs, Quinolor compound, Lucidol B 50, Lucidol G 20, Luperco AA, Nayper B and bo, Aztec BPO, Benzoic acid, peroxide, Benzaknen Brevoxyl, Desanden, Akneroxide L, Norox bzp-250, Norox bzp-C-35, Desquam E, Benzac W, Clear By Design, Cadox B, Benzagel 10, Lucidol (peroxide), Benzagel, Benzashave, Superox 744, Cadox 40E, Desquam X, Desquam-X, Benbel C, Oxy 5, Cadox B-CH 50, Cadat BPO, Lucidol-70, Aksil 5, Lucidol 50P, Benzaknew, Benzefoam, Lucidol KL 50, Oxy-10 Cover, Chaloxyd BP 50FT, Abcat 40, Benox 50, Cadet, Diphenylperoxyanhydride, benzoic peroxyanhydride, Cadox B 40E, Cadox B 50P Cadox B 70W, Oxy-5, BZF-60, Fostex BPO, pHisoAc BP, Peroxide, Benzoyl, Xerac BP, Lucidol 75FP, Superoxide, Benzoyl, Peroxyderm, Benzoyl, Dermoxyl, Luzidol, Nericur, OXY-10, Peroxydex, Preoxydex, Sanoxit, Superox, Bepio, benzoyl-peroxide, dibenzoylperoxide, Benzoyl peroxyde, Nyper B, BPO, Ins-928, Nyper BMT, Lucidol 70, Lucidol 78, Oxy-L, NSC671, Xerac BP 5, DTXSID6024591, Cadet BPO 78W, Xerac BP 10, Hydrous benzoyl peroxide, Abcure S-40-25, DTXCID001072, NSC675, E-928, CHEBI:82405, NSC 675, MFCD00003071, DUAC COMPONENT BENZOYL PEROXIDE, 2685-64-5, benzoperoxide, dibenzoyl peroxide (DBPO), BPO, Benzoic acid peroxide, Benzoperoxide, Dibenzoyl peroxide, Benzoyl superoxide, BPO, Peroxide, dibenzoyl, Diphenylglyoxal peroxide, Benzoperoxid, Akneroxid 5, Benzac, PanOxyl, Benoxyl, Acnegel, Lucidol, Perossido di benzoile, Persadox, Oxy-10, Xerac, Epi-Clear, Cadox B

Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is a topical antibacterial treatment that’s considered one of the most effective acne medications on the market.
Breakouts occur when oil and dead skin cells clog your pores.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) penetrates your pores to reach and kill all the P. acnes bacteria (aka acne-causing bacteria) on your skin.

Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is so effective that it was included in some of the world’s first acne treatments and has been considered the gold standard in acne treatment for more than 50 years.
In the late 1990s and early 2000s, a few European countries wanted to ban Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) in nail products due to the warnings.

This decision was appealed against and the appeal was upheld.
This is based on the fact that Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is used in over-the-counter skin preparations, plus, with correct use, it is entirely used up in the polymerization process.

The result of that is Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is THE initiator for the L&P system.
However, the ‘dip system’ has, over recent years, become popular in some areas.
Rather than making nail professionals buy two different sets of polymer powders, many brands are providing their coloured polymer powders to be of dual-use: for the L&P system + a dip system.

Apart from the hygiene issues with the dip system (easily addressed), this is not necessarily a problem UNLESS you or your clients are sensitive to Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO)!
For those that are exhibiting allergic reactions and actually managing to get a dermatological patch test, there are now a few that have become allergic to the Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) in some ‘dipping powders’.

Specifically, those that are ‘dual purpose’ and have the Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) coating.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is an organic peroxide compound widely used in industrial and pharmaceutical applications.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) consists of two benzoyl groups linked by a peroxide (–O–O–) bond.

Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is a strong oxidizer and free-radical initiator commonly used in polymerization and as a topical acne treatment.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) appears as a white granular solid or powder with a faint benzaldehyde-like odor and has poor solubility in water but dissolves in many organic solvents.

Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) has been reported in Onychium lucidum and Arabidopsis thaliana with data available.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is a peroxide with antibacterial, irritant, keratolytic, comedolytic, and anti-inflammatory activity.
Upon topical application, Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) decomposes to release oxygen which is lethal to the bacteria Proprionibacterium acnes.

Due to its irritant effect, Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) increases turnover rate of epithelial cells, thereby peeling the skin and promoting the resolution of comedones.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is a small molecule drug with a maximum clinical trial phase of IV (across all indications) that was first approved in 1984 and is indicated for acne and has 4 investigational indications.

Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is a peroxide derivative that has been used topically for burns and as a dermatologic agent in the treatment of acne and poison ivy dermatitis.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is a chemical compound (specifically, an organic peroxide) with the structural formula (C6H5−C(=O)O−)2, often abbreviated as (BzO)2.

In terms of its structure, the molecule can be described as two benzoyl (C6H5−C(=O)−, Bz) groups connected by a peroxide (−O−O−).
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is a white granular solid with a faint odour of benzaldehyde, poorly soluble in water but soluble in acetone, ethanol, and many other organic solvents.

Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is an oxidizer, which is principally used in the production of polymers.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is available as an over-the-counter and generic medication.

Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) appears as odorless white powder or granules.
Sinks in water.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is a carbonyl compound.

Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is one of the most tried-and-true acne treatments available, and for good reason.
Known for its ability to target acne-causing bacteria, reduce inflammation, and clear clogged pores, Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) remains a cornerstone in both professional and at-home acne care.

However, Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is not without controversy.
Concerns around skin aging, barrier disruption, and microbiome imbalance have led many to question whether it still deserves a place in modern skincare routines.

Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is a topical acne treatment that works as an antiseptic, reducing the number of acne-causing bacteria on the skin’s surface.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO)'s widely considered one of the most effective, fast-acting acne ingredients available and has been trusted for over 60 years.

Think of Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) as a medicinal powerhouse for breakouts.
It doesn't just address symptoms, it targets the root causes of acne at the microbial level.

USES and APPLICATIONS of BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO):
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is effective for treating acne lesions.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) does not induce antibiotic resistance.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) may be combined with salicylic acid, sulfur, erythromycin or clindamycin (antibiotics), or adapalene (a synthetic retinoid).

Two common combination drugs include Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO)/clindamycin and adapalene/benzoyl peroxide, adapalene being a chemically stable retinoid that can be combined with benzoyl peroxide unlike tezarotene and tretinoin.
Combination products such as Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO)/clindamycin and benzoyl peroxide/salicylic acid appear to be slightly more effective than benzoyl peroxide alone for the treatment of acne lesions.

The combination tretinoin/Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) was approved for medical use in the United States in 2021.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) for acne treatment is typically applied to the affected areas in gel, cream, or liquid, in concentrations of 2.5% increasing through 5.0%, and up to 10%.

No strong evidence supports the idea that higher concentrations of benzoyl peroxide are more effective than lower concentrations.
Some evidence suggests that Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) has an anti-inflammatory effect as well.
In micromolar concentrations Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) prevents neutrophils from releasing reactive oxygen species, part of the inflammatory response in acne.

Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is an ingredient commonly used in skin preparations.
At low percentages (e.g. 2.5%), Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) can be found in medicated skin cleansers.
In higher percentages (e.g 5-10%), Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is used for skin conditions such as acne.

Pharmaceutical / Cosmetic Uses: Acne treatment: Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is applied topically to reduce bacteria and inflammation on skin.
In cosmetics and dermatology formulations, Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is combined with antibiotics like clindamycin.
Sometimes historically, Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is used as a water disinfectant and bleaching agent.

Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is used to prevent and treat acne.
Some forms of Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) are also used to treat rosacea.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) works by killing bacteria, or germs, that cause acne, and helping remove dead skin.

Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is available in various forms that are applied to the skin.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) may be used for other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is one of the most common ingredients found in acne medications.

Topical treatments that contain Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) help to improve acne by: Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is used to reducing surface bacteria that contributes to acne (antimicrobial), Reducing the swelling of acne lesions (anti-inflammatory), Shedding the outer layer of skin (keratolytic).
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) works by decreasing inflammation and killing or preventing the growth of bacteria on your skin.

Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) belongs to a group of medications called antiseptics.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is an FDA-approved acne treatment to clear pores and eradicate acne-causing bacteria.
However, Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is very difficult to formulate with due to these challenges.

First, poor water solubility and high instability present a challenge.
Second, Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) often results in skin dryness and discomfort.
Third, Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO)'s large particle size hinders its ability to penetrate the hair follicles and kill the acne-causing bacteria.

Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is an encapsulation technology designed to enhance the acne treatment and tackle these BPO issues.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) has superior stability and is more easily incorporated into finished products.
The FDA has ruled that Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is safe – not carcinogenic and not harmful to DNA.

Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO)-containing products should be used with care because they can bleach hair and fabrics.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) can be effective for treating mild to moderate acne and it is frequently combined with other acne medications and approaches.

Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) paste; It is used together with marble adhesives in the hardening of polyester repair pastes used in automotive parts repair at ambient temperature.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is used in the treatment of acne vulgaris.

Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is mainly used in production of plastics and for bleaching flour, hair, plastics and textiles.
As a bleach, Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) has been used as a medication and a water disinfectant.
As a medication, Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is mostly used to treat acne, either alone or in combination with other treatments.

Some versions are sold mixed with antibiotics such as clindamycin.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is also used in dentistry for teeth whitening.
In 2021, Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) was the 284th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 700,000 prescriptions.

Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is a commonly used drug in topical treatments for acne.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) has been formulated as products with either a single active ingredient, or with erythromycin, clindamycin, or adapalene.
After administration, Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) bond is cleaved, allowing benzoyloxy radicals to nonspecifically interact with proteins.

This treatment decreases keratin and sebum around follicles, as well as increasing turnover of epithelial cells.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO), in combination with erythromycin, was granted FDA approval on 26 October 1984

-Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) Cream, Gel, or Lotion
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is a medication that comes as a skin cream, gel or lotion.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) treats mild to moderate acne.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) treats acne or rosacea.

-Industrial Uses of Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO):
Initiator for free-radical polymerization (e.g., plastics, resins)
Oxidizing agent in chemical synthesis
Bleaching agent for flour, oils, hair, textiles, plastics

HOW DOES BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO) WORK?
When applied to the skin, Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) penetrates the pores and releases oxygen and benzoic acid, which kill acne-causing bacteria (mainly Cutibacterium acnes) by breaking down their cell membranes.
In addition to its antibacterial action, Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) also has anti-inflammatory properties that reduce redness and swelling in active breakouts.
One of its biggest advantages?
Bacteria can’t develop resistance to Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO), unlike some antibiotics.

POLYMERIZATION of BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO):
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is mainly used as a radical initiator to induce chain-growth polymerization reactions, such as for polyester and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) resins and dental cements and restoratives.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is the most important among the various organic peroxides used for this purpose, a relatively safe alternative to the much more hazardous methyl ethyl ketone peroxide.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is also used in rubber curing and as a finishing agent for some acetate yarns.

WHAT IS BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO) FOR NAIL PROFESSIONALS, WHY DO WE USE BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO):
WHAT AND WHY?
In the liquid monomer and powder polymer system, Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is the initiator.
An initiator is what provides the start of a chemical reaction.
In the L&P system, the room temperature and the heat from the finger are the energy that gives the initiator (Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO)) the ‘starting gun’ to react with the catalyst in the liquid monomer, which is the ingredient that controls the speed of the reaction.

Polymer powder is not actually a powder.
It is manufactured beads of a copolymer that are coated with several ingredients.
One of these is Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO), and the other main one is pigment.
There are others but we are focussing on Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO).

When the monomer liquid and the polymer powder meet the Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO), coating the polymer beads, splits to create the equivalent of free radicals that search out and encourage the monomers to form into long polymer chains.

In the correct bead ratio, all of the Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is used up.
Too wet, and there may not be enough Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) to complete the polymerization.
Too dry, and it is difficult to work with, plus some Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) may be leftover and unable to complete its ‘work’.

HOW DOES BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO) WORK (MECHANISM OF ACTION)?
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) works by killing bacteria (germs) and helping remove dead skin.

TYPE OF INGREDIENT OF BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO):
*Anti-bacterial

MAIN BENEFITS OF BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO):
Benzoyl peroxide reduces acne-causing bacteria

WHO SHOULD USE BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO):
In general, benzoyl peroxide is suitable for those looking to treat mild to moderate acne at home.

HOW OFTEN CAN YOU USE BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO):
Benzoyl peroxide shouldn't be used more than twice per day, at most.

BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO) WORKS WELL WITH:
Benzoyl peroxide works well in combination with salicyclic acid to treat acne.

BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO) DON'T USE WITH:
Don't use multiple benzoyl peroxide products at once.
Benzoyl peroxide may also reduce the efficacy of vitamin C products when used as part of the same routine.

BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO) FOR ACNE
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is a tried and true acne-fighting ingredient.
Whether you’re dealing with acne as a teen or an adult, it’s time you get to know this bacteria-busting super ingredient.

WHAT IS BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO) USED FOR?
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is commonly used to prevent and treat acne vulgaris.
Acne vulgaris is a common type of acne that causes blackheads, whiteheads, and other types of pimples on your skin.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) often appears on the face, chest, shoulders, and back.
Some forms of Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) are also used to treat rosacea, a skin condition that can cause redness and pus-filled bumps on your skin.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) may also be used for other conditions as determined by your healthcare provider.

HOW DOES BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO) WORK?
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is such a fascinating ingredient because it delivers oxygen into the pores where acne-causing bacteria thrive.
This type of bacteria can’t live in an oxygen-rich environment, so Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) essentially kills it at the source.
BP also helps unclog your pores, and with continued use it helps keep your skin bacteria-free — even after your acne has cleared.
Finally, Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) works as an anti-inflammatory, reducing the redness and soreness that can accompany a pimple.

If you look at all the prescription meds and over-the-counter acne treatments that include Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO), you’ll see that concentrations vary widely — some formulations include up to 10% BPO.
Higher concentrations of Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) don’t necessarily make a product more effective at treating acne.
In fact, studies have shown there’s no significant difference in the results produced from the 2.5%, 5%, or 10% concentrations.

BENEFITS OF BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO):
There’s a reason why acne treatments with Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) are available in many prescription and over-the-counter products: BPO can be used over a longer period of time than antibiotics.
P. acnes bacteria don’t build up a resistance to BPO, so you can use Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) as an effective acne treatment for an extended period of time.

BENEFITS / FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO):
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) acts as a free radical generator, useful in polymer chemistry.
In acne treatment, Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) kills acne-causing bacteria and helps reduce comedones through mild peeling and oxidizing action.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) can accelerate polymerization reactions efficiently

HISTORY OF BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO):
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) was first prepared and described by Justus von Liebig in 1858.
Donald Holroyde Hey FRS (12 September 1904 – 21 January 1987) was a Welsh organic chemist who inferred that the decomposition of Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) generated free phenyl radicals.

STRUCTURE AND REACTIVITY OF BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO):
The original 1858 synthesis by Liebig reacted benzoyl chloride with barium peroxide, a reaction that probably follows this equation:
2 C6H5C(O)Cl + BaO2 → (C6H5CO)2O2 + BaCl2

Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is usually prepared by treating hydrogen peroxide with benzoyl chloride under alkaline conditions.
2 C6H5COCl + H2O2 + 2 NaOH → (C6H5CO)2O2 + 2 NaCl + 2 H2O

The oxygen–oxygen bond in peroxides is weak.
Thus, Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) readily undergoes homolysis (symmetrical fission), forming free radicals:
(C6H5CO)2O2 → 2 C6H5CO•

The symbol • indicates that the products are radicals; i.e., they contain at least one unpaired electron.
Such species are highly reactive.

The homolysis is usually induced by heating.
The half-life of Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is one hour at 92 °C.
At 131 °C, the half-life is one minute.

In 1901, it was observed that the compound made the tincture of guaiacum tincture turn blue, a sign of oxygen being released.
Around 1905, Loevenhart reported on the successful use of Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) to treat various skin conditions, including burns, chronic varicose leg tumors, and tinea sycosis.
He also reported animal experiments that showed the relatively low toxicity of the compound.

Treatment with Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) was proposed for wounds in 1929, and for sycosis vulgaris and acne varioliformis in 1934.
However, preparations were often of questionable quality.
It was officially approved for the treatment of acne in the US in 1960.

MECHANISM OF ACTION OF BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO):
Classically, Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is thought to have a three-fold activity in treating acne.
Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) is sebostatic, comedolytic, and inhibits growth of Cutibacterium acnes, the main bacterium associated with acne.

In general, acne vulgaris is a hormone-mediated inflammation of sebaceous glands and hair follicles.
Hormone changes cause an increase in keratin and sebum production, leading to blocked drainage.
C. acnes has many lytic enzymes that break down the proteins and lipids in the sebum, leading to an inflammatory response.

The free-radical reaction of benzoyl peroxide can break down the keratin, therefore unblocking the drainage of sebum (comedolytic).
It can cause nonspecific peroxidation of C. acnes, making Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) bactericidal, and it was thought to decrease sebum production, but disagreement exists within the literature on this.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO):
Formula: C14H10O4
Molar mass: 242.230 g·mol−1
Density: 1.334 g/cm3
Melting point: 103 to 105 °C (217 to 221 °F) decomposes
Solubility in water: poor mg/mL (20 °C)
Physical state: solid
Color: No data available
Odor: No data available

Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 105 °C - lit.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Autoignition temperature: 80 °C
Decomposition temperature: No data available

pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility insoluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available

Density: No data available
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties:Explosive when dry.
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available

Density 1.334 g/cm3
Melting point 103 to 105 °C (217 to 221 °F) decomposes
Solubility in water: poor mg/mL (20 °C)
Physical state solid
Color: white
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 105 °C - lit.

Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Autoignition temperature: 80 °C
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available

Water solubility: insoluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: No data available
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: Explosive when dry.

Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available
IUPAC name: benzoic peroxyanhydride
CAS Number: 94-36-0
EC / EINECS Number: 202-327-6
Molecular Formula: C₁₄H₁₀O₄
Molecular Weight: ≈ 242.22–242.23 g/mol
PubChem CID: 7187
ChemSpider ID: 6919

SMILES: O(OC(=O)c2ccccc2)C(=O)c1ccccc1
InChIKey: OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Physical State & Appearance: White crystalline solid or granular powder with faint benzaldehyde odor
Key Properties
Melting Point: ~103–106 °C (decomposes)
Boiling Point: Decomposes (often listed around 176 °F experimentally)
Density: ~1.33 g/cm³ at 25 °C
Water Solubility: Poor; ~9.1 mg/L at 25 °C

Vapor Pressure: <1 mmHg at 20 °C
Flash Point: Reported ~176 °F (approx. 80 °C)
Refractive Index: Approx. 1.5430 (estimate)
Oxidizing Ability: Strong oxidizer; can initiate free radicals and polymerizations
Chemical Behavior
Highly reactive, particularly under heat, shock, friction, or contamination with reducing agents.
Decomposes exothermically, releasing oxygen — a reason for explosion hazards in pure form
Formula: C14H10O4
Molar mass: 242.230 g·mol−1

FIRST AID MEASURES of BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Remove container from danger zone and cool with water.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P2
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO):
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Observe national regulations.
*Storage stability:
Recommended storage temperature
2 - 8 °C

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of BENZOYL PEROXIDE (BPO):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available