BUTYL LEVULINATE

Butyl levulinate, with the CAS number 2052-15-5, is an ester derived from levulinic acid and butanol. 
Butyl levulinate is characterized by its pleasant fruity odor and is typically a colorless to pale yellow liquid at room temperature. 
Butyl levulinate is known for its relatively low toxicity and biodegradability, making it an attractive candidate for use as a green solvent and in various applications, including flavoring and fragrance formulations.

CAS Number: 2052-15-5
Molecular Formula: C9H16O3
Molecular Weight: 172.22
EINECS Number: 218-143-4

Synonyms:Butyl levulinate, Butyl 4-oxopentanoate, n-Butyl levulinate, Pentanoic acid, 4-oxo-, butyl ester, Butyl laevulinate, n-Butyl laevulinate, LEVULINIC ACID, BUTYL ESTER, Butyl 4-ketovalerate, Butyl acetylpropionate, 4-Ketopentanoic acid butyl ester, Levulinic acid n-butyl ester, n-Butyl 4-oxopentanoate, 4-oxo-pentanoic acid butyl ester, Butyl4-oxopentanoate, Levulinic Acid Butyl Ester, Butyl 4-Oxovalerate, n-butyl-4-ketovalerate, 4-Oxovaleric Acid Butyl Ester, n-Butyl levulinate; 4-Oxo-pentanoic acid butyl ester, 2052-15-5, FEMA No. 2207, NSC 78451, EINECS 218-143-4, UNII-OI56208RTB, BRN 1768453, OI56208RTB, DTXSID3038800, AI3-00518, NSC-78451, BUTYL LEVULINATE [FHFI], DTXCID1018800, EC 218-143-4, 4-03-00-01563 (Beilstein), RefChem:122269, ISBWNEKJSSLXOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N, MFCD00009449, SCHEMBL118152, CHEMBL3188634, CHEBI:171935, CAA05215, Tox21_301714, AKOS009166419, NCGC00255405-01, AS-62130, SY015967, CAS-2052-15-5, L0138, NS00009432, D78070, Q27285665Butyl levulinate, 98% 500ML; Levulinic Acid Butyl Ester 4-Oxovaleric Acid Butyl Ester Butyl 4-Oxovalerate, Butyl 4-oxopentanoate, Butyl laevulinate;butyl4-oxopentanoate, butyllaevulinate, Levulinic acid, butyl ester, levulinicacid, butylester

Butyl levulinate has a sweet and slightly pungent caramellic odor with fruity undertones; mild sweet caramellicherbaceous taste; bitter taste.
Butyl levulinate is a levulinic acid ester. 
Butyl levulinate is a reaction solution that can catalyze the esterification of levulinic acid and butanol or furfuryl alcohol to produce butyl levulinate. 

The catalyst for this reaction is typically an acidic substance, such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, or phosphoric acid. 
Catalysts are used to promote the reaction. 
Furfuryl alcohol is typically used as the reactant because it has a higher boiling point than butanol, which makes it easier to work with in the laboratory. 

Butyl levulinate can be used in biomass conversion to produce fuel and other products.
Sweet and slightly pungent-caramellic odor with fruity undertones. 
Overall warm and almost herbaceous with some similarity to Valerolactone, mild, sweet, caramellic-herbaceous taste.

Butyl levulinate is an oxo carboxylic acid.
Butyl Levulinate is an organic compound derived from levulinic acid.
It is an ester formed when levulinic acid reacts with butanol.

Butyl levulinates chemical formula is C9H16O3.
Butyl levulinate appears as a clear, colorless liquid at room temperature.
Butyl levulinate has a mild, slightly fruity odor.

Butyl levulinate is soluble in many organic solvents but has limited solubility in water.
Butyl Levulinate is used primarily as a solvent in industrial applications.
It can also act as a plasticizer in coatings and resins.

Additionally, it is studied as a green solvent in bio-based chemistry.
It is biodegradable and considered environmentally friendly.
It has low toxicity compared to many traditional solvents.

However, proper handling and storage are recommended to avoid skin or eye irritation.
Butyl Levulinate can be synthesized from renewable resources such as cellulose.
This makes it a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based chemicals.

Its applications in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and fuels are also being explored.
Butyl levulinate exhibits good solubility in organic solvents and moderate solubility in water, which enhances its versatility in chemical processes. 
Its chemical structure includes a butyl group attached to the levulinate moiety, contributing to its unique properties. Additionally, butyl levulinate has been studied for its potential as a biofuel additive due to its favorable combustion characteristics.

Butyl levulinate represents a valuable compound in both industrial and research settings, particularly in the context of sustainable chemistry.
Butyl levulinate is a versatile chemical utilized widely in food and chemical industries, the production of which by using cellulose in biomass resources is of great significance to its sustainable development. 

Traditional synthesis processes for n-butyl levulinate are confronted with various problems such as high cost of raw materials, difficulty in separating products, etc. 
In this paper, a novel process for the preparation of BL from cellulose is proposed.

Boiling point:106–108 °C (5.5 mm Hg, lit.)
Density:0.974 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Vapor pressure:5 Pa at 25 °C
FEMA:2207 (Butyl Levulinate)
Refractive index:n20/D 1.427 (lit.)
Flash point:197 °F
Storage temperature:2–8 °C
Form:Clear liquid
Color:Colorless to almost colorless
Specific gravity:0.974
Odor:At 100% — fruity, herbal, waxy, caramel, savory
Odor type:Herbal
Biological source:Synthetic
Water solubility:Slightly soluble in water
JECFA number:608
InChIKey:ISBWNEKJSSLXOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP:1.435 at 20 °C
Surface tension:31.37 mN/m at 293.15 K

Butyl levulinate can be produced by direct esterificalion of n-Butyl alcohol with Levulinic acid.
Butyl Levulinate (RE:CHEMISTRY MOVE 200) has a strong solvency power, is miscible with most organic solvents and can replace more harmful solvents. 
Butyl Levulinate is produced from agricultural waste and is partly biobased with 58% biogenic content. Butyl Levulinate is nonflammable, non-vapor toxic and readily biodegradble solvent. 

As a non-VOC solvent in cleaning application, using Butyl Levulinate you reduce your risk profiles in operations and contribute positively to the safety profile of your formulation.
Butyl Levulinate is classified as a levulinate ester.
It belongs to a family of bio-based chemicals derived from levulinic acid.

These compounds are known for their versatility and eco-friendly properties.
Chemically, it contains both ketone and ester functional groups.
This dual functionality makes it reactive and useful for various chemical transformations.

It can participate in hydrogenation, condensation, and polymerization reactions.
In the fragrance and flavor industry, Butyl Levulinate is used for its pleasant aroma.
It contributes fruity and sweet notes to perfumes, detergents, and food flavorings.

Its odor profile is often compared to apple, caramel, or light floral tones.
In fuels research, it is being investigated as a potential biofuel additive.
It can improve combustion properties and reduce soot formation in engines.

This makes it an attractive compound for cleaner energy technologies.
Butyl Levulinate is also applied in the synthesis of biodegradable plastics.
It helps modify polymer flexibility and enhances material performance.

Researchers are exploring its role in producing sustainable packaging materials.
Its physical properties include a boiling point around 230 °C and a density of about 0.97 g/cm³.
It has a refractive index close to 1.43, indicating moderate optical activity.

The compound remains stable under normal temperature and pressure conditions.
From a safety standpoint, Butyl Levulinate is not classified as hazardous.
However, direct contact may cause mild irritation to skin or eyes.

Inhalation of vapors should be avoided in confined areas.
In laboratory use, it serves as an intermediate for synthesizing fine chemicals.
It can be converted into γ-valerolactone, a valuable solvent and fuel component.

This transformation highlights its importance in green chemistry pathways.
Because it originates from biomass, its production aligns with circular economy principles.

This supports reduced dependence on fossil resources.
Consequently, Butyl Levulinate is gaining attention in renewable material development.

Uses Of Butyl levulinate:
Butyl 4-Oxopentanoate is used in preparation and application of magnetic nano-solid acid catalyst iron oxide-polydopamine-sulfonic acid.
Butyl Levulinate is widely used as a solvent in chemical industries.
It dissolves resins, polymers, and oils effectively due to its polar and nonpolar structure.

This makes it a versatile replacement for petroleum-based solvents.
In the cosmetics industry, it serves as a fragrance ingredient and emollient.
It adds a smooth texture to creams, lotions, and perfumes.

Its mild, fruity scent enhances the sensory quality of personal care products.
The compound is used in flavor and fragrance formulations.
It contributes sweet, caramel-like, and fruity notes to products.

This property makes it valuable for perfumes, air fresheners, and flavored goods.
In coating and paint formulations, Butyl Levulinate acts as a plasticizer.
It improves the flexibility and durability of films and coatings.

This helps prevent cracking and enhances the finish quality of painted surfaces.
In biofuel research, it functions as an additive to diesel and gasoline.
It can improve fuel combustion efficiency and reduce particulate emissions.

This role supports the development of cleaner and more sustainable energy sources.
It is also used in the production of biodegradable polymers and plastics.
Its chemical structure enhances flexibility and reduces brittleness in materials.

Such applications are increasingly important in environmentally friendly packaging.
Butyl Levulinate is utilized as a chemical intermediate in organic synthesis.
It serves as a starting material for producing other valuable chemicals like γ-valerolactone.

These derivatives are used in solvents, fuels, and pharmaceutical compounds.
In the pharmaceutical industry, it may act as a solvent or carrier for active ingredients.
Its biocompatibility and low toxicity make it suitable for medicinal formulations.

It helps improve the solubility and stability of certain drug compounds.
In agriculture, it is being studied for use in environmentally friendly pesticides.
It can serve as a green solvent for active pesticide components.

This reduces harmful effects compared to conventional chemical carriers.
Researchers are also exploring its role in green chemistry and catalysis.
It can act as a model compound for biomass conversion reactions.

Through these studies, Butyl Levulinate contributes to sustainable chemical innovation.
Butyl levulinate can be used in flavor compositions for imitation Butter, Rum, and in various fruit flavors, "Tutti-frutti", etc. 
Concentration is usually mere traces (a few ppm. ) in the finished product.

In the cleaning and detergent industry, Butyl Levulinate is used as a biodegradable solvent.
It helps dissolve greasy and oily residues without leaving toxic residues.
This makes it an eco-friendly alternative to conventional petroleum-based cleaners.

It is sometimes blended into industrial degreasers and metal-cleaning agents.
Its good solvency power helps remove oils, waxes, and lubricants from machinery surfaces.
It provides efficient cleaning while reducing environmental impact.

In automotive applications, it is used as a fuel additive and lubricant enhancer.
It improves engine performance by promoting cleaner combustion.
This leads to reduced exhaust emissions and improved fuel economy.

Butyl Levulinate is also employed in laboratory research as a reference or model compound.
Scientists use it to study catalytic reactions and biomass conversion efficiency.
Its predictable reactivity makes it a useful test material in chemical studies.

In the adhesives and sealants sector, it acts as a reactive diluent or co-solvent.
It enhances adhesion, flexibility, and drying time of glues and sealants.
This makes it particularly suitable for eco-friendly and water-based formulations.

It can be incorporated into inks and printing solutions as a solvent component.
Its balanced volatility helps achieve smooth ink spreading and quick drying.
Therefore, it is used in both industrial printing and packaging applications.

In academic and industrial R&D, Butyl Levulinate serves as a precursor for advanced materials.
Researchers modify its structure to develop new polymers and resins.
Its flexibility in chemical reactions makes it a foundation for innovative products.

In environmental technology, it is used to design renewable solvent systems.
These systems minimize carbon emissions and reduce toxic waste in manufacturing.
Its inclusion supports the global shift toward greener chemical industries.

Because it is derived from biomass feedstocks, it aligns with circular economy principles.
Its use helps recycle carbon and supports sustainable industrial cycles.
Therefore, Butyl Levulinate is seen as a promising bio-based platform chemical.

In leather and textile processing, Butyl Levulinate acts as a softening and finishing agent.
It helps produce a smooth, glossy surface on fabrics and leather goods.
Its non-toxic nature makes it safe for consumer products.

The compound is being tested as a bio-based plasticizer in PVC and polymer films.
It can replace harmful phthalates that cause health and environmental issues.
This substitution supports safer and more sustainable material production.

Safety Profile Of Butyl levulinate:
Butyl Levulinate is generally considered to have low acute toxicity.
However, it should still be handled carefully like all chemical substances.
Direct contact or inhalation can cause mild irritation in sensitive individuals.

It may cause eye irritation upon direct exposure.
Symptoms can include redness, tearing, or slight burning sensation.
Washing the eyes with plenty of water is recommended if contact occurs.

Prolonged contact with skin may lead to dryness or mild irritation.
Protective gloves are recommended during handling.
Skin should be washed thoroughly with soap and water after exposure.

If inhaled in high concentrations, it may cause temporary respiratory discomfort.
Working in well-ventilated areas helps to prevent vapor accumulation.
A mask or respirator can be used during large-scale or industrial applications.

Ingestion of Butyl Levulinate can cause nausea or gastrointestinal discomfort.
It should not be swallowed, and medical attention must be sought if it happens.
Only trained personnel should handle it in laboratory or industrial environments.