BUTYL PARABEN

Butyl Paraben is a long-chained paraben in the form of a white, crystalline powder. 
Butyl Paraben is highly effective in preventing the growth of fungi and bacteria and is non-irritating and has low toxicity levels. 
Butyl Paraben can be used alone or combined with other parabens in a blend, and is used in toothpaste, mascara, lipstick, and eyeshadow.

CAS Number: 94-26-8
EC Number: 202-318-7
IUPAC Name: Butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate
Chemical Formula: C11H14O3

Other names: Butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, 94-26-8, Butyl p-hydroxybenzoate, Butoben, Butyl parahydroxybenzoate, Butyl-Parasept, Benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-, butyl ester, butyl p-hydroxy benzoate, n-Butyl paraben, n-Butyl hydroxybenzoate, FEMA No. 2203, n-Butyl-p-hydroxybenzoate, Parasept, butyl-p-hydroxybenzoate, n-Butyl-paraben, Butyl Par asept, Caswell No. 130A, Lexgard B, FEMA Number 2203, n-Butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, Butylparaben (NF), Butylparaben (TN), Butylparaben [NF], Butyl hydroxybenzoate, NSC 8475, CCRIS 2462, HSDB 286, p-Hydroxy butyl benzoate, p-Hydroxybenzoic acid, butyl ester, 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, butyl ester, UNII-3QPI1U3FV8, EINECS 202-318-7, p-Hydroxybenzoic butyl ester, 3QPI1U3FV8, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 061205, BRN 1103741, Butyl parahydroxybenzoate (TN), DTXSID3020209, AI3-02930, BUTYLPARABEN [II], BUTYLPARABEN [MI], NSC-13164, BUTYLPARABEN [HSDB], BUTYLPARABEN [VANDF], Butyl //p//-Hydroxybenzoate, BUTYLPARABEN [USP-RS], DTXCID90209, FEMA 2203, NSC8475, Butyl parahydroxybenzoate (JP15), Butyl parahydroxybenzoate (JP17), 4-10-00-00375 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), p-Hydroxybenzoic acid, n-butyl ester, BUTYL HYDROXYBENZOATE [MART.], BUTYL HYDROXYBENZOATE [WHO-DD], BUTYL PARAHYDROXYBENZOATE [JAN], BUTYL P-HYDROXY BENZOATE [FHFI], n-butylparaben, BUTYLPARABEN (II), BUTYL PARAHYDROXYBENZOATE [EP IMPURITY], BUTYL PARAHYDROXYBENZOATE [EP MONOGRAPH], BUTYLPARABEN (USP-RS), PROPYL HYDROXYBENZOATE IMPURITY D [EP IMPURITY], METHYL PARAHYDROXYBENZOATE IMPURITY D [EP IMPURITY], BUTYL HYDROXYBENZOATE (MART.), BUTYL PARAHYDROXYBENZOATE (EP IMPURITY), BUTYL PARAHYDROXYBENZOATE (EP MONOGRAPH), PROPYL HYDROXYBENZOATE IMPURITY D (EP IMPURITY), METHYL PARAHYDROXYBENZOATE IMPURITY D (EP IMPURITY), ButylParasept, Butyl phydroxybenzoate, nButyl hydroxybenzoate, Butyl 4hydroxybenzoate, nButyl phydroxybenzoate, MEKKINGS B, 4(Butoxycarbonyl)phenol, nButyl parahydroxybenzoate, BUTYLPARABEN [INCI], pHydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester, 4Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester, Benzoic acid, phydroxy, butyl ester, Benzoic acid, 4hydroxy, butyl ester, USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 061205, inchi=1/c11h14o3/c1-2-3-8-14-11(13)9-4-6-10(12)7-5-9/h4-7,12h,2-3,8h2,1h, qfohbwfckvyles-uhfffaoysa-n, Butyl paraben, Nipabutyl, Butyl chemosept, Butyl parasept, Tegosept B, n-Butyl p-hydroxybenzoate, Butyl tegosept, Butyl butex, Tegosept Butyl, Aseptoform butyl, Preserval B, Solbrol B, 4-(Butoxycarbonyl)phenol, n-butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, n-Butyl parahydroxybenzoate, 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester, Benzoic acid, p-hydroxy-, butyl ester, p-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester, p-Hydroxybenzoic acid n-butyl ester, MFCD00016478, SPF, CHEBI:88542, 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid-n-butyl ester, CAS-94-26-8, Butyl 4-?Hydroxybenzoate(Butyl Paraben), NCGC00016354-03, Butylparaben [USAN], butyl-paraben, 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid-n-butyl ester 1000 microg/mL in Acetonitrile, SMR000462402, SR-01000389296, 27K, 4mg9, Butylparaben (Standard), Prestwick0_000894, Prestwick1_000894, Prestwick2_000894, Prestwick3_000894, WLN: QR DVO4, cid_7184, SCHEMBL3647, BSPBio_000708, MLS000575004, MLS002154054, MLS002303045, BIDD:ER0231, SPBio_002917, BPBio1_000780, CHEMBL459008, F0266-0124, BDBM23448, HY-B1431R, MSK2512, Butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, >=99%, HMS1570D10, HMS2094A21, HMS2097D10, HMS2220G15, HMS3327P04, HMS3714D10, Pharmakon1600-01505995, HY-B1431, NSC-8475, Tox21_110393, Tox21_201785, Tox21_300332, NSC759303, s4584, AKOS000121421, Tox21_110393_1, CCG-213596, CS-4783, DB14084, FB19456, NSC-759303, Butyl 4-Hydroxybenzoate (Butyl Paraben), NCGC00016354-01, NCGC00016354-02, NCGC00016354-04, NCGC00016354-05, NCGC00016354-06, NCGC00016354-07, NCGC00016354-11, NCGC00091142-01, NCGC00091142-02, NCGC00254294-01, NCGC00259334-01, AC-34535, AS-14309, SY032891, SBI-0206946.P001, Butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, >=99.0% (GC), DS-010619, AB00513951, B3771, H0210, NS00010637, EN300-21566, D01420, AB00513951_09, Q3302873, SR-01000389296-1, SR-01000389296-3, BRD-K08287586-001-03-6, BRD-K08287586-001-08-5, BRD-K08287586-001-14-3, Butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%, Z291799028, Butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate;p-Hydroxybenzoic acid n-butyl ester

Butyl parabens are a group of preservatives that are commonly used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food products to protect against microbial growth. 
Butyl Paraben have been shown to have anti-inflammatory activity in humans and animals. 
Butyl parabens may also be produced during the treatment of wastewater by benzalkonium chloride. 

Butyl Paraben concentrations were higher in the treated wastewater than in the untreated wastewater. 
Butylparaben is toxic to 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, which may be due to its ability to inhibit protein synthesis and cell division. 
The matrix effect caused by butylparaben on the substrate film has been studied extensively. 
The reaction solution between p-hydroxybenzoic acid and butylparaben was investigated by applying it as a preservative onto a film of poly(vinyl acetate) at different rates of concentration.

Parabens are an uncommon cause of allergic contact dermatitis
Butyl Paraben is a skin irritant
Butyl Paraben Causes liver injury in feeding studies of mice 
Butyl Paraben is a potential skin sensitizer
An eye and mild skin irritant

Butyl Paraben may cause skin sensitization
Parabens can induce allergic contact dermatitis, mainly in chronic dermatitis and wounded skin.
Butyl Paraben belongs to the class of organic compounds known as p-hydroxybenzoic acid alkyl esters. 
These are aromatic compounds containing a benzoic acid, which is esterified with an alkyl group and para-substituted with a hydroxyl group.

Butyl paraben, or butyl p-hydroxybenzoate, is an organic compound with the formula C4H9O2CC6H4OH. 
Butyl paraben is a white solid that is soluble in organic solvents. 
Butyl paraben has proven to be a highly successful antimicrobial preservative in cosmetics. 
Butyl paraben is also used in medication suspensions, and as a flavoring additive in food.
Butylparaben is an organic molecular entity.

Butylparaben is a Standardized Chemical Allergen. 
The physiologic effect of butylparaben is by means of Increased Histamine Release, and Cell-mediated Immunity.
Butyl paraben is a natural product found in Strychnos cathayensis with data available.
N-butyl-p-hydroxybenzoate appears as odorless white crystals or crystalline powder. 
Butyl paraben is Tasteless, but numbs the tongue. 

Butyl paraben is colorless solid; Insoluble in water (207 mg/L at 20 deg C)
Butyl paraben is Very hygroscopic. 
Butyl paraben is white odorless solid
Butyl paraben is insoluble in water
Butyl paraben is Powder.

Butyl paraben is slightly soluble in water.
Butyl paraben, with the chemical formula of C11H14O3 is an antimicrobial preservative used in many cosmetics, as a food flavoring agent and as a suspending agent for medications. 
Butyl paraben used in industry is synthetically created, but natural parabens also exist in nature.
All parabens have similar structure to estrogen. 

Studies conducted in the early 2000s located traces of parabens in breast tumors, but evidence has not linked parabens with breast cancer.
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) reviewed the safety of methylparaben, propylparaben, and butylparaben in 1984 and concluded they were safe for use in cosmetic products at levels up to 25%. Typically parabens are used at levels ranging from 0.01 to 0.3%

Members of the paraben family are found in fruit and vegetable products, such as barley, flax seed, and grapes. 
Butylparaben has also been found to be produced in some microorganisms including Microbulbifer.

PREPARATION OF BUTYL PARABEN:
Butyl paraben is prepared by the esterification of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with 1-butanol in the presence of an acid catalyst such as sulfuric acid. 
Butyl paraben is produced industrially.

The exact mechanism of how parabens work is unknown but they are proposed to act by inhibiting DNA and RNA synthesis, and enzymes like ATPase and phosphotransferase in some bacterial species. It has also been suggested that they interfere with membrane transport processes by disrupting the lipid bylayer and possibly causing the leakage of intracellular constituents

Category: Preservatives
Molar mass: 194.230 g•mol−1
Appearance: Colorless, odorless, crystalline powder
Melting point: 68 to 69 °C (154 to 156 °F; 341 to 342 K)
Solubility in water: Slightly soluble

Solubility in acetone, ethanol, chloroform, glycerin, propylene glycol:   Soluble
Molecular Weight: 194.23    
XLogP3: 3.6    
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1    

Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3    
Rotatable Bond Count: 5    
Exact Mass: 194.094294304    
Monoisotopic Mass: 194.094294304    

Topological Polar Surface Area: 46.5 Ų    
Heavy Atom Count: 14    
Complexity: 171    
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:    1    

Compound Is Canonicalized:    Yes
Color/Form: Small, colorless crystals or powder
Odor: Odorless
Melting Point: 68-69°C

Flash Point: 181 °C
Solubility: less than 1 mg/mL at 63° F
Vapor Pressure: 0.000186 [mmHg]
LogP: 3.57

Benzoyl derivatives
1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids
Carboxylic acid esters
Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives
Organooxygen compounds
Organic oxides
Hydrocarbon derivatives

Butyl paraben is a Butyl Parahydroxybenzoate mainly used as an antiseptic in cosmetics. 
Many cosmetic products make use of parabens. 
Butyl paraben can be found in shaving creams, moisturizers, shampoos, lubricants, and other cosmetic products where they serve as fungicidal and bacteriocidal agents.
Commercially used parabens are synthetically produced, though many are similar, if not identical, to parabens appearing in nature. 

Butylparaben is also used as a suspension fluid in many medications.
Butyl paraben is Used as an antifungal agent, preservative in antiseptic creams, food preservative, and pharyngeal antiseptic 
The parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl) were the most widely used preservatives in cosmetics (0.1% to 0.8%) until their sensitizing potential was recognized

Butyl paraben is one of the most common bactericidal/fungicidal additives in cosmetics. 
Butyl paraben has been used in cosmetic products since the 1940s and in pharmaceutical products since 1924.
The popularity of butylparaben in these products is due to its low toxicity in humans and its effective antimicrobial properties, in particular those against mold and yeast. 

Butyl paraben is now found in more than 20,000 cosmetic products including eye shadow, facial moisturizer/treatment, anti-aging cream, foundation, and sunscreen.
Butyl paraben is also used as low-ionic strength solutions as a preservative in some foods and drugs.
In most cosmetics paraben is used at low levels, ranging from 0.01 to 0.3%. 
Butyl paraben is used in low concentrations in liquid and solid medication suspensions, such as Tylenol (acetaminophen) and ibuprofen.

First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
If inhaled:
After inhalation: fresh air.

In case of skin contact:
In case of skin contact: Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. 
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
In case of eye contact:
After eye contact: rinse out with plenty of water. 
Immediately call in ophthalmologist. 
Remove contact lenses.

If swallowed:
After swallowing: immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most). 
Consult a physician.
Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed
The most important known symptoms and effects are described in the labelling 
Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media
Water Foam Carbon dioxide (CO2) Dry powder
Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.

Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Nature of decomposition products not known. 
Combustible.
Development of hazardous combustion gases or vapours possible in the event of fire.

Advice for firefighters:
Stay in danger area only with self-contained breathing apparatus. 
Prevent skin contact by keeping a safe distance or by wearing suitable protective clothing.
Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Advice for non-emergency personnel: Avoid inhalation of dusts.
Avoid substance contact. 
Ensure adequate ventilation. 
Evacuate the danger area, observe emergency procedures, consult an expert.

Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Cover drains. 
Collect, bind, and pump off spills. 

Observe possible material restrictions (see sections 7 and 10). 
Take up dry. Dispose of properly. 
Clean up affected area. 
Avoid generation of dusts.

Reference to other sections
Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Storage conditions:
Tightly closed. 
Dry.

Exposure controls/personal protection:
control parameter
Hazard composition and occupational exposure limits
Does not contain substances with occupational exposure limits.
Exposure controls

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU). 
Tightly fitting safety goggles

Skin protection:
This recommendation applies only to the product stated in the safety data sheet, supplied by us and for the designated use. 
When dissolving in or mixing with other substances and under conditions deviating from those stated in EN374 please contact the supplier of CE-approved gloves

The following applies in general to flammable organic substances and mixtures: in correspondingly fine distribution, when whirled up a dust explosion potential may generally be assumed.
Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents