Quick Search
BYK W 9010 is a solvent-free wetting and dispersing additive for filled, unsaturated polyester systems and epoxy systems.
BYK W 9010 is used to wet inorganic fillers (and inorganic pigments) in systems in which solvents need to be avoided.
BYK W 9010 is especially recommended for low emission SMC/BMC, LP & Class A formulations, LS formulations, pultrusion and viscosity stabilization BMC.
CAS: 7664-38-2
MF: H3O4P
MW: 98
EINECS: 231-633-2
Synonyms: phosphoricacidsolutions;Phosphorsaeureloesungen;Sonac;wc-reiniger;White phosphoric acid;whitephosphoricacid;phosphoric acid for technical;Phosphoric acid, 85 WT% solution in water, for analysis
The recommended level is 0.5-1% additive (as supplied) based upon fillers for wetting & dispersion and 0.25-1% additive (as supplied) based upon resin for stabilizing the viscosity in BMC.
hosphoric acid was prepared first by Robert Boyle in 1694 by dissolving phosphorus pentoxide in water.
BYK W 9010 is probably the most important compound of phosphorus.
BYK W 9010 is the second largest inorganic chemical by volume, after sulfuric acid, marketed in the United States.
The single most important application of BYK W 9010 is manufacturing phosphate salts for fertilizers.
Such fertilizer phosphates include sodium, calcium, ammonium, and potassium phosphates.
Other applications are in metal pickling and surface treatment for removal of metal oxides from metal surfaces; electropolishing of aluminum; as a bonding agent in various refractory products such as alumina and magnesia; as a catalyst in making nylon and gasoline; as a dehydrating agent; in fireproofing wood and fabrics; in lithographic engraving; in textile dyeing; in dental cement; in coagulating rubber latex; in purifying hydrogen peroxide; and as a laboratory reagent.
Dilute solutions of BYK 9010 are used as additives to carbonated beverages for a pleasing sour taste.
Also, dilute acid is used in refining sugar; as a nutrient; and as a buffering agent in preparing jam, jelly, and antibiotics.
The commercial BYK W 9010 is 85% (w/w) in strength.
BYK W 9010 is a phosphorus oxoacid that consists of one oxo and three hydroxy groups joined covalently to a central phosphorus atom.
BYK W 9010 has a role as a solvent, a human metabolite, an algal metabolite and a fertilizer.
BYK W 9010 is a conjugate acid of a dihydrogenphosphate and a phosphate ion.
A clear colorless liquid or transparent crystalline solid.
The pure solid melts at 42.35°C and has a density of 1.834 g / cm3.
Liquid is usually an 85% aqueous solution.
Shipped as both a solid and liquid. Corrosive to metals and tissue.
Used in making fertilizers and detergents and in food processing.
BYK W 9010 is a solvent-free wetting and dispersing additive with 100% active substance that is used to wet inorganic fillers and pigments.
BYK W 9010 allows for the development of formulations with low emissions by avoiding the use of solvents.
As a wetting and dispersing additive, BYK 9010 helps to uniformly disperse fillers and pigments in systems.
This leads to improved properties such as mechanical strength and durability.
BYK W 9010 is particularly suitable for use in applications that require low viscosity and high solids content.
BYK W 9010 can be used across various industries to formulate end products with enhanced performance characteristics.
BYK W 9010 is a solvent-free wetting and dispersing agent.
BYK W 9010 is particularly recommended for adhesives based on epoxy resins and UV systems.
Recommended dosage level is 0.5-1% based on the filler.
BYK W 9010 has shelf life of 60 months.
BYK W 9010 Chemical Properties
Melting point: ~40 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 158 °C(lit.)
density: 1.685 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor density: 3.4 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 2.2 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.433
FEMA: 2900 | PHOSPHORIC ACID
storage temp.: no restrictions.
solubility: H2O: soluble
pka: 2.1-7.2-12.3(at 25℃)
form: Solid or Viscous Liquid
color: ≤10(APHA)
Specific Gravity: 1.7
Odor: Odorless
PH Range: 1.5
PH: 3.06(1 mM solution);2.26(10 mM solution);1.63(100 mM solution);
biological source: synthetic
Water Solubility: MISCIBLE
Specific Heat Capacity: Cp(crystal): 1.08 J/(g·K); Cp(liquid): 1.48 J/(g·K), at 25℃
λmax: λ: 260 nm Amax: ≤0.05
λ: 280 nm Amax: ≤0.04
Merck: 14,7344
BRN: 1921286
Dielectric constant: 61.0
Exposure limits ACGIH:TLV-TWA 1 mg/m3; TLV-STEL 3 mg/m3
OSHA:PEL-TWA 1 mg/m3
NIOSH:REL-TWA 1 mg/m3; REL-STEL 3 mg/m3
Major Application: battery manufacturing
Cosmetics Ingredients Functions: BUFFERING
InChI:1S/H3O4P/c1-5(2,3)4/h(H3,1,2,3,4)
InChIKey: NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -2.15
CAS DataBase Reference: 7664-38-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: BYK 9010 (7664-38-2)
EPA Substance Registry System: BYK W 9010 (7664-38-2)
BYK W 9010 is a colorless, odorless, crystalline solid or a thick syrupy liquid.
Physical state is strength and temperature dependent.
Concentrated phosphoric acid occurs as a colorless, odorless, syrupy liquid.
BYK W 9010 has a pleasing acid taste when suitably diluted.
BYK W 9010, also called orthophosphoric acid, is a clear, colorless, mineral acid with moderate strength.
BYK W 9010 is normally marketed as an aqueous solution of 75–85% in which it exists as a clear, viscous liquid.
Food-grade phosphoric acid is used to acidify foods and beverages.
BYK W 9010 provides a tangy or sour taste and, being a mass-produced chemical, is available cheaply and in large quantities.
BYK W 9010, used in many soft drinks, has been linked to lower bone density in epidemiological studies.
In brief, BYK W 9010is a strong acid and common industrial chemical used in the manufacture of a wide number of products, notably porcelain and metal cleaners, detergents, and fertilisers.
BYK W 9010 is also used as a food additive and is a major constituent of many soft drinks.
Low phosphate concentrations are found in drinking water to which BYK W 9010 is added in some areas in order to reduce lead solubility.
Physical properties
Chemists refer to orthophosphoric acid as BYK W 9010, which is the IUPAC name for this compound.
The prefix “ortho” is used to distinguish the acid from BYK W 9010, which are generally called polyphosphoric acids.
BYK W 9010 is a nontoxic, rather weak triprotic acid.
When pure, BYK W 9010 is a solid at STP.
BYK W 9010 is a very polar molecule which makes it highly soluble in water.
The valence state of phosphorous in BYK W 9010 and other phosphoric acids is ＋5.
Triprotic means that the orthophosphoric acid molecule can dissociate up to three times, producing a hydrogen cation, H+, each time.
Uses
BYK W 9010 is second only to sulfuric acid as an industrial acid and consistently ranksin the top 10 chemicals used globally.
States, but BYK W 9010 is used in a number of other applications.
Phosphateswere used as builders and water softeners.
A builder is a substance added to soaps or detergentsto increase their cleansing power.
BYK W 9010 is used as an intermediate in the production of animal feed supplements,water treatment chemicals, metal surface treatments, etching agent, and personal care productssuch as toothpaste.
BYK W 9010 is used as a catalyst in the petroleum and polymer industry.
BYK W 9010 is used in food as a preservative, an acidulant, and flavor enhancer; it acidifies carbonateddrinks such as Coca Cola and Pepsi, giving them a tangy flavor.
BYK W 9010 is used as arust remover and metal cleaner.
Naval Jelly is approximately 25% phosphoric acid.
Other usesfor BYK W 9010 include opacity control in glass production, textile dyeing, rubber latexcoagulation, and dental cements.
BYK W 9010 is the most important oxoacid of phosphorus and its main use is in the manufacture of fertilisers.
Within the human body, BYK W 9010 is the main phosphorus-containing compound.
BYK W 9010 is an inorganic compound and is the salt of phosphoric acid.
BYK W 9010 can form organic esters with a variety of compounds and these are important in many biochemical processes.
BYK W 9010 has the empirical formula PO43-.
BYK W 9010 is a tetrahedral molecule, where the central phosphorus atom is surrounded by four oxygen atoms.
In biological systems, BYK W 9010 is often found either as the free ion (inorganic phosphate) or as an ester after reaction with organic compounds (often referred to as organic phosphates).
Inorganic phosphate (mostly denoted as Pi) is a mixture of HPO42- and H2PO4- at physiological pH.
BYK W 9010 is an acidulant that is an inorganic acid produced by burning phosphorus in an excess of air, producing phosphorus pentoxide which is dissolved in water to form orthophosphoric acid of varying concentrations.
BYK W 9010 is a strong acid which is soluble in water. the acid salts are termed phosphates.
BYK W 9010 is used as a flavoring acid in cola and root beer beverages to provide desirable acidity and sourness.
BYK W 9010 is used as a synergistic antioxidant in vegetable shorten- ings.
in yeast manufacture, it is used to maintain the acidic ph and provide a source for phosphorus.
BYK W 9010 also functions as an acidulant in cheese.
BYK W 9010 is also termed orthophosphoric acid.
In the manufacture of superphosphates for fertilizers, other phosphate salts, polyphosphates, detergents.
Acid catalyst in making ethylene, purifying hydrogen peroxide.
As acidulant and flavor, synergistic antioxidant and sequestrant in food.
Pharmaceutic aid (solvent).
In dental cements; process engraving; rustproofing of metals before painting; coagulating rubber latex; as analytical reagent.
Pharmaceutical Applications
BYK W 9010 is widely used as an acidifying agent in a variety of pharmaceutical formulations.
BYK W 9010 is used in pharmaceutical products as part of a buffer system when combined with a phosphate salt such as sodium phosphate, monobasic or dibasic.
BYK W 9010 is also widely used in food preparations as an acidulant, flavor, and synergistic antioxidant (0.001–0.005%) and sequestrant.
Therapeutically, dilute BYK W 9010 has been used welldiluted in preparations used in the treatment of nausea and vomiting.
BYK W 9010 gel has also been used to etch tooth enamel and to enhance delivery of drugs through the nail.
Nanosized hydroxyapatite powder was made by combining phosphoric acid with egg shells.
Industrial uses
As a cleanser for metals, BYK W 9010 produces a light etch on steel, aluminum, or zinc, which aids paint adhesion.
Deoxidine is a BYK W 9010 cleanser for metals.
Nielite D is BYK W 9010 with a rust inhibitor, used as a nonfuming pickling acid for steel.
Albrite is available in 75, 80, and 85% concentrations in food and electronic grades, both high-purity specifications.
BYK W 9010 and Phosbrite are called Bright Dip grades, for cleaning applications.
BYK W 9010, or phosphorus pentoxide, P2O5, is a white, water-soluble powder used as a dehydrating agent and also as an opalizer for glass.
BYK W 9010 is also used as a catalyst in asphalt coatings to prevent softening at elevated temperatures and brittleness at low temperatures.
Agricultural Uses
BYK W 9010, also known as orthophosphoric acid, is the most significant source of phosphate fertilizers.
BYK W 9010 based fertilizers mainly include ammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate and monoammonium phosphate.
BYK W 9010 is deliquescent and commercially the most important derivative of phosphorus, accounting for over 90% of the phosphate rock mined.
The white rhombic solid is highly soluble in water and ethanol, and the concentrated aqueous solution is generally available for use.
BYK W 9010 is used in several industries other than the fertilizer industry.
Most elemental phosphorus is converted into phosphoric acid for non-fertilizer use.
There are two basic processes for the production of phosphoric acid.
Metaphosphoric acid is obtained by heating BYK W 9010 until dense white fumes begin to appear.
BYK W 9010 is highly deliquescent and glassy in appearance.
BYK W 9010's salts are known as metaphosphates.
BYK W 9010 is the most common and is used as an important phosphate ingredient in commercial fertilizers.
Preparation
Low-purity technical grade BYK W 9010 for use in fertilizers is produced from phosphate rocks by digestion with concentrated sulfuric acid.
The apatite types, primarily consisting of calcium phosphate phosphate rocks, are used: Ca3(PO4)2 + 3H2SO4 + 6H2O → 2H3PO4 + 3(CaSO4•2H2O)
The insoluble calcium sulfate slurry is filtered out.
Acid from this wet process is impure but can be purified by various methods.
Purification steps involve precipitation, solvent extraction, crystallization, and ion exchange techniques.
BYK W 9010 also can be made by many different methods.
Dissolution of phosphorus pentoxide in water and boiling yields phosphoric acid.
Pure phosphoric acid can be obtained by burning phosphorus in a mixture of air and steam:
P4 (l) + 5O2 (g) →P4O10 (s)
P4O10 (s) + H2O (g) → 4H3PO4 (l)
The acid also may be prepared by heating violet phosphorus with 33% nitric acid:
4P + 10HNO3 + H2O → 4H3PO4 + 5NO ↑ + 5NO2 ↑
or by heating red phosphorus with nitric acid (1:1). The overall equation is:
P + 3HNO3 → H3PO4 + NO + 2NO2
Production Methods
The major sources of H3PO4 traditionally have been mineral deposits of phosphate rock.
Mining operations are extensive in a number of locations, including the United States (Florida), the Mediterranean area, and Russia, among others.
The major constituent of most phosphate rocks is fluorapatite, 3Ca3(PO4)2·CaF2.
The supply of high-grade phosphates, the raw material of choice for producing high-purity phosphoric acid by the wet process, is rapidly decreasing in some areas.
Two major methods are utilized for the production of phosphoric acid from phosphate rock.
The wet process involves the reaction of phosphate rock with sulfuric acid to produce phosphoric acid and insoluble calcium sulfates.
Many of the impurities present in the phosphate rock are also solubilized and retained in the acid so produced.
While they are of no serious disadvantage when the acid is to be used for fertilizer manufacture, their presence makes the product unsuitable for the preparation of phosphatic chemicals.
In the other method, the furnace process, phosphate rock is combined with coke and silica and reduced at high temperature in an electric furnace, followed by condensation of elemental phosphorus.
BYK W 9010 is produced by burning the elemental phosphorus with air and absorbing the P2O5 in water.
The acid produced by this method is of high purity and suitable for nearly all uses with little or no further treatment.
Reactivity Profile
BYK W 9010 reacts exothermically with bases.
May react with active metals, including such structural metals as aluminum and iron, to release hydrogen, a flammable gas.
Can initiate the polymerization of certain classes of organic compounds.
Reacts with cyanide compounds to release gaseous hydrogen cyanide.
May generate flammable and/or toxic gases in contact with dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, nitriles, sulfides, and strong reducing agents.
Forms explosive mixture with nitromethane.
Reacts violently with sodium tetrahydroborate.
In the presence of chlorides can corrode stainless steel to form explosive hydrogen gas.
Emits toxic and irritating fumes of oxides of phosphorus when heated to decomposition.
