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CAS NUMBER: 25322-68-3
Carbowax PEG 200 is used as a fusogen to obtain hybridomas for monoclonal antibody production. Induces cell hybridization.
Carbowax PEG 200 provides enhanced solvency, lubricity, hygroscopicity and other important functional properties in a wide range of formulations.
Carbowax PEG 200 provides enhanced solvency, lubricity, hygroscopicity and other important functional properties in a wide range of formulations.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a polyethylene glycol liquid.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a water soluble linear polymer, formed by the addition reaction of ethylene oxide to an ethylene glycol equivalent.
Carbowax PEG 200 can act as lubricant, binder and modifier.
Carbowax PEG 200 replaces water in wooden objects, making the wood dimensionally stable and preventing warping or shrinking of the wood when it dries.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used when working with green wood as a stabilizer, and to prevent shrinkage.
Carbowax PEG 200has been used to preserve the painted colors.
Carbowax PEG 200 has aided in preserving the colors painted on the pieces of clay soldiers.
Carbowax PEG 200 is often used (as an internal calibration compound) in mass spectrometry experiments, with its characteristic fragmentation pattern allowing accurate and reproducible tuning.
Carbowax PEG 200 derivatives, such as narrow range ethoxylates, are used as surfactants.
Carbowax PEG 200 has been used as the hydrophilic block of amphiphilic block copolymers used to create some polymersomes.
Carbowax PEG 200 has also been used as a propellent.
Carbowax PEG 200 is commonly used as a crowding agent in in vitro assays to mimic highly crowded cellular conditions.
Carbowax PEG 200 is commonly used as a precipitant for plasmid DNA isolation and protein crystall.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used to fuse two different types of cells, most often B-cells and myelomas in order to create hybridomas.
Carbowax PEG 200 is also used to induce complete fusion (mixing of both inner and outer leaflets) in liposomes reconstituted in vitro.
Gene therapy vectors (such as viruses) can be Carbowax PEG 200-coated to shield them from inactivation by the immune system and to de-target them from organs where they may build up and have a toxic effect.
The size of the Carbowax PEG 200 polymer has been shown to be important, with larger polymers achieving the best immune protection.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a component of stable nucleic acid lipid particles used to package siRNA for use in vivo.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used as a potentiator to enhance detection of antigens and antibodies.
Carbowax PEG 200 is the basis of many skin creams (as cetomacrogol) and personal lubricants (frequently combined with glycerin).
Carbowax PEG 200 is used in a number of toothpastes as a dispersant. In this application, it binds water and helps keep xanthan gum uniformly distributed throughout the toothpaste.
Carbowax PEG 200 is also under investigation for use in body armor, and in tattoos to monitor diabetes.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used in Hewlett-Packard designjet printers as an ink solvent and lubricant for the print heads.
Carbowax PEG 200 is also used as an anti-foaming agent in food and drinks.
Carbowax PEG 200s INS number is 1521 or E1521 in the EU.
Carbowax PEG 200 has been used as the gate insulator in an electric double-layer transistor to induce superconductivity in an insulator.
Carbowax PEG 200 is also used as a polymer host for solid polymer electrolytes.
Although not yet in commercial production, many groups around the globe are engaged in research on solid polymer electrolytes involving Carbowax PEG 200, with the aim of improving their properties, and in permitting their use in batteries, electro-chromic display systems, and other products in the future.
Carbowax PEG 200 is injected into industrial processes to reduce foaming in separation equipment.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used as a binder in the preparation of technical ceramics.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used to extend the size and durability of very large soap bubbles.
Carbowax PEG 200 is the main ingredient in many personal lubricants.
Carbowax PEG 200 is sold as a liquid in cans, pails, or drums, and can be stored inside a warm building without provision for heating.
If storage time is prolonged, or if tank is heated or in a hot climate, Carbowax PEG 200 is preferable to store this product under a nitrogen atmosphere.
If heated storage is required, metal temperature should not exceed 50°C (125°F).
Carbowax PEG 200 is a colorless, non-volatile, hygroscopic liquid.
Carbowax PEG 200 is soluble in water, acetone, alcohol, benzene, and glycols.
Carbowax PEG 200 has many applications in various industries such as resins, agriculture, detergents, cosmetics and personal care, wood working, heat transfer fluids, lubricants, release agents, papers, plastics, adhesives, and textiles.
Carbowax PEG 200 is also commonly used to make emulsifying agents.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used in various applications from industrial chemistry to biological chemistry.
Recent research has shown Carbowax PEG 200 maintains the ability to aid the spinal cord injury recovery process, helping the nerve impulse conduction process in animals.
Carbowax PEG 200 has been shown to aid in the repair of severed sciatic axons, helping with nerve damage recovery.
Carbowax PEG 200 is industrially produced as a lubricating substance for various surfaces to reduce friction.
Carbowax PEG 200 is also used in the preparation of vesicle transport systems in with application towards diagnostic procedures or drug delivery methods.
Carbowax PEG 200 is generally considered biologically inert and safe.
The FDA has been asked to investigate the possible effects of Carbowax PEG 200 in laxatives.
When Carbowax PEG 200 is chemically attached to therapeutic molecules (such as protein drugs or nanoparticles), Carbowax PEG 200 can sometimes be antigenic, stimulating an anti-PEG antibody response in some patients.
This effect has only been shown for a few of the many available PEGylated therapeutics, but Carbowax PEG 200 has significant effects on clinical outcomes of affected patients.
Other than these few instances where patients have anti-PEG immune responses, Carbowax PEG 200 is generally considered to be a safe component of drug formulations.
Carbowax PEG 200 refers to an oligomer or polymer of ethylene oxide.
The three names are chemically synonymous, but historically Carbowax PEG 200 is preferred in the biomedical field, whereas Carbowax PEG 200 is more prevalent in the field of polymer chemistry.
Because different applications require different polymer chain lengths, Carbowax PEG 200 has tended to refer to oligomers and polymers with a molecular mass below 20,000 g/mol, PEO to polymers with a molecular mass above 20,000 g/mol, and POE to a polymer of any molecular mass.
Carbowax PEG 200s are prepared by polymerization of ethylene oxide and are commercially available over a wide range of molecular weights from 300 g/mol to 10,000,000 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 200s are liquids or low-melting solids, depending on their molecular weights.
While Carbowax PEG 200 with different molecular weights find use in different applications, and have different physical properties (e.g. viscosity) due to chain length effects, their chemical properties are nearly identical.
Different forms of Carbowax PEG 200 are also available, depending on the initiator used for the polymerization process, the most common initiator is a monofunctional methyl ether PEG, or methoxypoly(ethylene glycol), abbreviated mPEG.
Lower-molecular-weight Carbowax PEG 200s are also available as purer oligomers, referred to as monodisperse, uniform, or discrete.
Very high purity Carbowax PEG 200 has recently been shown to be crystalline, allowing determination of a crystal structure by x-ray diffraction.
Since purification and separation of pure oligomers is difficult, the price for this type of quality is often 10-1000 fold that of polydisperse PEG.
Carbowax PEG 200s are also available with different geometries.
Carbowax PEG 200s are often sonicated when used in biomedical applications.
Carbowax PEG 200 is very sensitive to sonolytic degradation and PEG degradation products can be toxic to mammalian cells.
Carbowax PEG 200 is, thus, imperative to assess potential PEG degradation to ensure that the final material does not contain undocumented contaminants that can introduce artifacts into experimental results.
Carbowax PEG 200 is necessary to hold the growing polymer chain in solution in the course of the polycondensation process.
The reaction is catalyzed by magnesium-, aluminium-, or calcium-organoelement compounds.
To prevent coagulation of polymer chains from solution, chelating additives such as dimethylglyoxime are used.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a clear, colorless liquid at room temperature.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a polyether compound with the chemical structure H-(O-CH2-CH2)n-OH.
Carbowax PEG 200 raditionally, it is derived from petroleum-based sources.
Carbowax PEG 200 has a wide range of potential uses.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a defoaming agent, lubricant and viscosity modifier in many different products.
Carbowax PEG 200 is also used as a coating for fresh fruit, as a solvent in metal working fluids, as a binder and modifier in latex paints, and as a humectant in inks and abrasives.
Carbowax PEG 200 is the product of the catalysed reaction between ethylene oxide and water.
The polymerisation reaction is controlled so that the average molecular weight is in the range 190 – 210.
Carbowax PEG 200s are often sonicated when used in biomedical applications.
Carbowax PEG 200 is very sensitive to sonolytic degradation.
Carbowax PEG 200 is, thus, imperative to assess potential PEG degradation to ensure that the final material does not contain undocumented contaminants that can introduce artifacts into experimental results.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a clear, hygroscopic liquid, which possesses a characteristic low vapour pressure and excellent lubricity.
Carbowax PEG 200 is totally soluble in water and in most organic solvents except aliphatic hydrocarbons.
Carbowax PEG 200 has a variety of uses but it can be especially useful for certain commonly used procedures in electron microscopy.
Carbowax PEG 200 does not hydrolyze or deteriorate on storage.
Carbowax PEG 200 will not support the growth of molds.
At high temperatures and in the presence of air Carbowax PEG 200 will undergo decomposition.
Carbowax PEG 200 can be gained by the use of antioxidants.
As Carbowax PEG 200 contains two terminal hydroxyl groups it can be used in polyurethane and esterification reactions.
Carbowax PEG 200 can be used in many applications including printing inks, ceramic and glass production, the treatment of paper, lubricant base, fatty acid ester manufacture, textile conditioner, as a formulation aid in the detergent industry and in the production of polyurethane prepolymers.
Depending on the catalyst type, the mechanism of polymerization can be cationic or anionic.
The anionic mechanism is preferable because Carbowax PEG 200 allows one to obtain PEG with a low polydispersity.
Polymerization of Carbowax PEG 200 is an exothermic process.
Overheating or contaminating ethylene oxide with catalysts such as alkalis or metal oxides can lead to runaway polymerization, which can end in an explosion after a few hours.
Carbowax PEG 200 is synthesized by suspension polymerization.
Carbowax PEG 200 is necessary to hold the growing polymer chain in solution in the course of the polycondensation process.
The reaction is catalyzed by magnesium-, aluminium-, or calcium-organoelement compounds.
To prevent coagulation of polymer chains from solution, chelating additives such as dimethylglyoxime are used.
Carbowax PEG 200s are liquids at average room temperature and to maintain them in this condition storage tanks may have to be insulated and heated.
Externally located heating devices are preferable to internally sited ones.
Insulation of the storage tanks should be suitable for maintaining the product temperature under local climatic conditions.
Ideally the Carbowax PEG 200s should be stored at a temperature of at least 5° above freezing point but at not much higher than 65°C to avoid risk of product degradation.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a polyether compound derived from petroleum with many applications, from industrial manufacturing to medicine.
Carbowax PEG 200 is also known as polyethylene oxide (PEO) or polyoxyethylene (POE), depending on its molecular weight. The structure of PEG is commonly expressed as H−(O−CH2−CH2)n−OH.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a family of water soluble linear polymers formed by the addition reaction of ethylene oxide to an ethylene glycol equivalent.
This highly versatile formulating ingredients and intermediates have resulted in their widespread commercial use.
Carbowax PEG 200 is heat-stable and inert to many chemical agents; Carbowax PEG 200 will not hydrolyze or deteriorate under normal conditions.
Carbowax PEG 200 has a solvent action on some plastics.
USES:
-Lubricants
-Adhesives
-Antistatic agent and humectant
-Chemical intermediates
-Inks and dye carrier
-Mold release agent
-Plasticizer
-Silver polish
-Leather
-Vinyl care
-Antifog
-Glass cleaner
-Powder and liquid detergents
APPLICATION:
-Adhesives
-Agriculture
-Ceramics
-Inks
-Lubricants
-Soap & Detergents
-Personal Care
APPLICATION:
-Pharmaceutical-grade Carbowax PEG 200 is used as an excipient in many pharmaceutical products, in oral, topical, and parenteral dosage forms.
-Carbowax PEG 200 is the basis of a number of laxatives.
-Whole bowel irrigation with Carbowax PEG 200 and added electrolytes is used for bowel preparation before surgery or colonoscopy.
-Carbowax PEG 200 used in medicines for treating disimpaction and maintenance therapy.
-When attached to various protein medications or drug carriers, Carbowax PEG 200 of suitable length slows down their clearance from the blood.
-The possibility that Carbowax PEG 200 could be used to fuse axons is being explored by researchers studying peripheral nerve and spinal cord injury.
-An example of Carbowax PEG 200 hydrogels in a therapeutic has been theorized.
-They propose using the hydrogel to address periodontitis by encapsulating stem cells in the gel that promote healing in the gums.
-The gel and encapsulated stem cells was to be injected to the site of disease and crosslinked to create the microenvironment required for the stem cells to function.
-Carbowax PEG 200 of adenoviruses for gene therapy can help prevent adverse reactions due to pre-existing adenovirus immunity.
CHEMICAL APPLICATION:
-Because Carbowax PEG 200 is a hydrophilic molecule, Carbowax PEG 200 has been used to passivate microscope glass slides for avoiding non-specific sticking of proteins in single-molecule fluorescence studies.
-Carbowax PEG 200 has a low toxicity and is used in a variety of products.
-Carbowax PEG 200 is used as a lubricating coating for various surfaces in aqueous and non-aqueous environments.
-Since Carbowax PEG 200 is a flexible, water-soluble polymer, Carbowax PEG 200 can be used to create very high osmotic pressures.
-Carbowax PEG 200 also is unlikely to have specific interactions with biological chemicals.
-These properties make Carbowax PEG 200 one of the most useful molecules for applying osmotic pressure in biochemistry and biomembranes experiments, in particular when using the osmotic stress technique.
-Carbowax PEG 200 is also commonly used as a polar stationary phase for gas chromatography, as well as a heat transfer fluid in electronic testers.
-Carbowax PEG 200 is frequently used to preserve waterlogged wood and other organic artifacts that have been salvaged from underwater archaeological contexts, as was the case.
-Carbowax PEG 200 has been used to preserve the painted colors.
-The paint would subsequently flake off in about four minutes.
-Carbowax PEG 200 is often used (as an internal calibration compound) in mass spectrometry experiments, with its characteristic fragmentation pattern allowing accurate and reproducible tuning.
-Carbowax PEG 200 derivatives, such as narrow range ethoxylates, are used as surfactants.
-Carbowax PEG 200 has been used as the hydrophilic block of amphiphilic block copolymers used to create some polymersomes.
BIOLOGICAL APPLICATION:
-Carbowax PEG 200 can be modified and crosslinked into a hydrogel and used to mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) environment for cell encapsulation and studies.
-An example study was done using Carbowax PEG 200-diacrylate hydrogels to recreate vascular environments with the encapsulation of endothelial cells and macrophages.
-This model furthered vascular disease modeling and isolated macrophage phenotype's effect on blood vessels.
-Carbowax PEG 200 is commonly used as a crowding agent in in vitro assays to mimic highly crowded cellular conditions.
-Carbowax PEG 200 is commonly used as a precipitant for plasmid DNA isolation and protein crystallization.
-X-ray diffraction of protein crystals can reveal the atomic structure of the proteins.
-Carbowax PEG 200 is used to fuse two different types of cells, most often B-cells and myelomas in order to create hybridomas.
-Polymer segments derived from Carbowax PEG 200 polyols impart flexibility to polyurethanes for applications such as elastomeric fibers (spandex) and foam cushions.
-Carbowax PEG 200 precipitation is used to concentrate viruses.
-Carbowax PEG 200 is also used to induce complete fusion (mixing of both inner and outer leaflets) in liposomes reconstituted in vitro.
-Gene therapy vectors (such as viruses) can be Carbowax PEG 200-coated to shield them from inactivation by the immune system and to de-target them from organs where they may build up and have a toxic effect.
-The size of the Carbowax PEG 200 polymer has been shown to be important, with larger polymers achieving the best immune protection.
-Carbowax PEG 200 is a component of stable nucleic acid lipid particles used to package siRNA for use in vivo.
-In blood banking, Carbowax PEG 200 is used as a potentiator to enhance detection of antigens and antibodies.
-When working with phenol in a laboratory situation, Carbowax PEG 200 can be used on phenol skin burns to deactivate any residual phenol.
-In biophysics, polyethylene glycols are the molecules of choice for the functioning ion channels diameter studies, because in aqueous solutions they have a spherical shape and can block ion channel conductance.
COMMERCIAL USES:
-Carbowax PEG 200 is the basis of many skin creams and personal lubricants (frequently combined with glycerin).
-Carbowax PEG 200 is used in a number of toothpastes as a dispersant.
-Carbowax PEG 200 binds water and helps keep xanthan gum uniformly distributed throughout the toothpaste.
-Carbowax PEG 200 is also under investigation for use in body armor, and in tattoos to monitor diabetes.
-Carbowax PEG 200 is used in Hewlett-Packard designjet printers as an ink solvent and lubricant for the print heads.
INDUSTRIAL USES:
-Dimethyl ethers of Carbowax PEG 200 are the key ingredient of Selexol, a solvent used by coal-burning, integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants to remove carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from the syngas stream.
-Carbowax PEG 200 has been used as the gate insulator in an electric double-layer transistor to induce superconductivity in an insulator.
-Carbowax PEG 200 is also used as a polymer host for solid polymer electrolytes.
-Although not yet in commercial production, many groups around the globe are engaged in research on solid polymer electrolytes involving Carbowax PEG 200, with the aim of improving their properties, and in permitting their use in batteries, electro-chromic display systems, and other products in the future.
-Carbowax PEG 200 is injected into industrial processes to reduce foaming in separation equipment.
-Carbowax PEG 200 is used as a binder in the preparation of technical ceramics.
-Carbowax PEG 200 was used as an additive to silver halide photographic emulsions.
ENTERTAINMENT USES:
-Carbowax PEG 200 is used to extend the size and durability of very large soap bubbles.
-Carbowax PEG 200 is the main ingredient in many personal lubricants.
-Carbowax PEG 200 is the main ingredient in the paint in paintballs.
FUNCTION:
Carbowax PEG 200 is a polymer with cleansing, emulsifying, and solvent action.
Carbowax PEG 200 is often found in cleansing products for face, body, and hair.
BENEFITS:
-Completely soluble in water
-Molecularly stable and non-volatile
-Excellent hygroscopicity
-Low toxicity
-High lubricity and solvency
APPLICATION:
-Adhesives
-Lubricants
-Agriculture
-Mold Release Agent
-Chemical Intermediates
-Plasticizer
-Inks
TYPICAL PROPERTIES:
-% Actives: 100%
-Form: Liquid
-Melting or Freezing Range: Sets to glass below -65°C °C
-Molecular Weight: 190-210 g/mol
-Solubility in Water (20°C, % by wt): Complete
-Viscosity (100°C): 4.3 cSt
PROPERTIES:
-Quality Level: 200
-grade: Hybri-Max
-sterility: sterile-filtered
-product lineç: BioReagent
-form: solution
-mol wt: average mol wt 1,450
-concentration: 50 % (w/v)
-technique(s): cell culture | hybridoma: suitable
-impurities: endotoxin, tested
-storage temp.: 2-8°C
SPECIFICATION:
-Physical Form (at 20°C): Liquid
-Melting Point: 4-8°C
-Boiling Point: >200°C
-Flash Point: 235°C
-Density: 1.1275
-Refractive Index: 1.458-1.461
STORAGE:
Store long-term in a cool, dry place.
CARBOWAX Polyethylene Glycols are relatively easy to store and handle.
They can be stored in bulk in steel tanks which could be padded with nitrogen or any other inert gas to prevent air from entering the tank.
If slight iron pickup and colour changes cannot be tolerated then the storage tank should be constructed from stainless steel.
SYNONYM:
monoethylene glycol
1,2-Dihydroxyethane
2-hydroxyethanol
Glycol alcohol
Ethylene alcohol
polyethylene glycol
Macrogol
Fridex
Tescol
Ethylene dihydrate
Macrogol 400 BPC
Dowtherm SR 1
ethanediol
Zerex
Poly(ethylene glycol)
Ucar 17
Lutrol-9
Polyethylene glycol 200
ethyleneglycol
Aethylenglykol
Ethylenglycol
1,2-Ethandiol
1,2-ethylene glycol
ethylen glycol
ethylene-glycol
Polyethylene glycol 600
146AR
Polyethylene glycol 1000
Polyethylene glycol 3350
UNII-FC72KVT52F
