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Carbowax PEG 540 Blend is a blend of PEG-6 and PEG-32.
Carbowax PEG 540 possesses lubricity and humectant properties.
Carbowax PEG 540 maintains wet-tack strength.
Carbowax PEG 540 Blend is used as a plasticizer in pressure sensitive and thermoplastic adhesives.
Carbowax PEG 540 is used in the pharmaceutical industry as a binder; also used in cosmetics.
Carbowax PEG 540 is also used in plastics, sheets for packaging, shower curtains, unbreakable bottles, pipes, pails, drinking glasses, and insulation for wire and cable.
Carbowax PEG 540s are cleared under the following Food Additive Regulations for direct use in food other than milk, or preparations intended for addition to milk.
There is no maximum limit on their use in these applications other than the amount used shall not exceed the minimum amount needed to produce the intended technical effect.
Carbowax PEG 540 is used as a matrix in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry to regulate viscosity and melting point.
Carbowax PEG 540 is used as a lubricant and coolant in the rubber and metalworking industry, and as a dispersant and emulsifier in the production of pesticides and pigments.
Carbowax PEG 540 is used as an antistatic agent and lubricant.
Carbowax PEG 54s are useful tools for both cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulating chemists.
This family of linear polymers is formed by the addition reaction of Carbowax PEG 540.
Carbowax PEG 540 is designated by a number that represents its average molecular weights with an average of 400.
Carbowax PEG 540s are available in average molecular weights (MW) ranging from 200 to 8000. Some blends are also available.
Carbowax PEG 540s are water soluble, but the solid PEGs are slightly less water soluble.
Carbowax PEG 540 is only soluble in water at room temperature up to 62% by weight.
Carbowax PEG 540s are more hygroscopic than the solids, but they are not as hygroscopic as glycerine.
Carbowax PEG 540s can be converted to esters, ethers, amines and acetals.
Carbowax PEG 540 derivatives are the fatty acid esters used as emulsifiers, detergents, lubricants, etc.
Carbowax PEG 540s are used because of their solvent properties, low toxicity, blandness and water solubility.
Carbowax PEG 540s are used as bases in ointments and suppositories, as binders and coatings in tablets and as carriers in liquid preparations and gelatin capsules.
An example of Carbowax PEG 540s use as a carrier is as follows.
Carbowax PEG 540s act as coupling agents, solvents, humectants, lubricants, carriers, binders and bases in creams and lotions, deodorants and antiperspirants, dentifrices, hair dressing and makeup.
In household products, Carbowax PEG 540s are found in laundry aids, soaps and detergents, toilet bowl cleaners and polishes.
Carbowax PEG 540 indicates the average molecular weight of the polymer.
Carbowax PEG 540s are widely used in a variety of pharmaceutical formulations including parenteral, topical, ophthalmic, oral, and rectal preparations.
Carbowax PEG 540s are stable, hydrophilic substances that are essentially nonirritant to the skin.
Carbowax PEG 540s do not readily penetrate the skin, although the polyethylene glycols are water-soluble and are easily removed from the skin by washing, making them useful as ointment bases.
Carbowax PEG 540s are generally employed in topical ointments, with the consistency of the base being adjusted by the addition of liquid grades of polyethylene glycol.
Carbowax PEG 540s can be used as suppository bases, for which they have many advantages over fats.
For example, the melting point of the suppository can be made higher to withstand exposure to warmer climates; release of the drug is not dependent upon melting point; the physical stability on storage is better; and suppositories are readily miscible with rectal fluids.
Carbowax PEG 540s have the following disadvantages: they are chemically more reactive than fats; greater care is needed in processing to avoid inelegant contraction holes in the suppositories; the rate of release of water-soluble medications decreases with the increasing molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol; and polyethylene glycols tend to be more irritating to mucous membranes than fats.
Carbowax PEG 540 solutions can be used either as suspending agents or to adjust the viscosity and consistency of other suspending vehicles.
Carbowax PEG 540s are used as water-miscible solvents for the contents of soft gelatin capsules.
However, Carbowax PEG 540s may cause hardening of the capsule shell by preferential absorption of moisture from gelatin in the shell.
In concentrations up to approximately 30% v/v, Carbowax PEG 540s have been used as the vehicle for parenteral dosage forms.
Carbowax PEG 540s can also be used to enhance the aqueous solubility or dissolution characteristics of poorly soluble compounds by making solid dispersions with an appropriate polyethylene glycol.
In film coatings, solid grades of Carbowax PEG 540 can be used alone for the film-coating of tablets or can be useful as hydrophilic polishing materials.
Carbowax PEG 540s are also widely used as plasticizers in conjunction with film-forming poly- mers.
The presence of Carbowax PEG 540s in film coats, especially of liquid grades, tends to increase their water perme- ability and may reduce protection against low pH in enteric- coating films.
Carbowax PEG 540s are useful as plasticizers in microencapsulated products to avoid rupture of the coating film when the microcapsules are compressed into tablets
Carbowax PEG 540 grades with molecular weights of 6000 and above can be used as lubricants, particularly for soluble tablets.
The lubricant action is not as good as that of magne- sium stearate, and stickiness may develop if the material becomes too warm during compression.
An antiadherent effect is also exerted, again subject to the avoidance of overheating.
In addition, Carbowax PEG 540s have been used in the preparation of urethane hydrogels, which are used as con- trolled-release agents.
Carbowax PEG 540s occur as clear, colorless or slightly yellow-colored, viscous liquids.
Carbowax PEG 540s have a slight but characteristic odor and a bitter, slightly burning taste.
Carbowax PEG 540 can occur as a solid at ambient temperatures.
Carbowax PEG 540s are white or off-white in color, and range in consistency from pastes to waxy flakes.
Carbowax PEG 540s have a faint, sweet odor. Grades of PEG 6000 and above are available as free-flowing milled powders.
Carbowax PEG 540 is useful adhesives to manufacture tablets.
Carbowax PEG 540 allows the surface of tablets shiny and smooth.
Carbowax PEG 540 is the basis of a number of laxatives.
Whole bowel irrigation with Carbowax PEG 540 and added electrolytes is used for bowel preparation before surgery or colonoscopy.
Carbowax PEG 540 is also used as an excipient in many pharmaceutical products.
Carbowax PEG 540 is often used (as an internal calibration compound) in mass spectrometry experiments, with its characteristic fragmentation pattern allowing accurate and reproducible tuning.
Carbowax PEG 540 derivatives, such as narrow range ethoxylates, are used as surfactants.
Carbowax PEG 540 has been used as the hydrophilic block of amphiphilic block copolymers used to create some polymersomes.
Carbowax PEG 540 is commonly used as a precipitant for plasmid DNA isolation and protein crystallization. X-ray diffraction of protein crystals can reveal the atomic structure of the proteins.
Carbowax PEG 540 is used to fuse two different types of cells, most often B-cells and myelomas in order to create hybridomas.
Carbowax PEG 540 is the basis of many skin creams (as cetomacrogol) and personal lubricants (frequently combined with glycerin).
Carbowax PEG 540 is used in a number of toothpastes as a dispersant.
In this application, Carbowax PEG 540 binds water and helps keep xanthan gum uniformly distributed throughout the toothpaste.
Carbowax PEG 540 is used in various applications from industrial chemistry to biological chemistry.
Recent research has shown Carbowax PEG 540 maintains the ability to aid the spinal cord injury recovery process, helping the nerve impulse conduction process in animals.
Carbowax PEG 540 has been shown to aid in the repair of severed sciatic axons, helping with nerve damage recovery.
Carbowax PEG 540 is industrially produced as a lubricating substance for various surfaces to reduce friction.
Carbowax PEG 540 is also used in the preparation of vesicle transport systems in with application towards diagnostic procedures or drug delivery methods.
Carbowax PEG 540s are a family of linear polymers formed by a base-catalyzed condensation reaction with repeating ethylene oxide units being added to ethylene.
The molecular formula is (C2H4O)multH2O where mult denotes the average number of oxyethylene groups.
The molecular weight can range from 200 to several million corresponding to the number of oxyethylene groups.
The higher-molecular-weight materials (100 000 to 5 000 000) are also referred to as polyethylene oxides.
The average molecular weight of any specific Carbowax PEG 540 product falls within quite narrow limits (°5%).
The number of ethylene oxide units or their approximate molecular weight commonly designates the nomenclature of specific polyethylene glycols.
Carbowax PEG 540s with amolecular weight less than 600 are liquid, whereas those of molecular weight 1000 and above are solid.
Carbowax PEG 540s are nonvolatile, water-soluble, tasteless, and odorless.
Carbowax PEG 540s are miscible with water, alcohols, esters, ketones, aromatic solvents, and chlorinated hydrocarbons, but immiscible with alkanes, paraffins, waxes, and ethers.
Carbowax PEG 540s are widely used in a variety of pharmaceutical formulations, including parenteral, topical, ophthalmic, oral, and rectal preparations.
Carbowax PEG 540 has been used experimentally in biodegradable polymeric matrices used in controlled-release systems.
Carbowax PEG 540s are stable, hydrophilic substances that are essentially nonirritant to the skin.
Carbowax PEG 540s do not readily penetrate the skin, although the polyethylene glycols are water-soluble and are easily removed from the skin by washing, making them useful as ointment bases.
Carbowax PEG 540s are generally employed in topical ointments, with the consistency of the base being adjusted by the addition of liquid grades of polyethylene glycol.
Mixtures of Carbowax PEG 540s can be used as suppository bases,for which they have many advantages over fats.
For example, the melting point of the suppository can be made higher to withstand exposure to warmer climates; release of the drug is not dependent upon melting point; the physical stability on storage is better; and suppositories are readily miscible with rectal fluids.
Carbowax PEG 540s have the following disadvantages: they are chemically more reactive than fats; greater care is needed in processing to avoid inelegant contraction holes in the suppositories; the rate of release of water-soluble medications decreases with the increasing molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol; and polyethylene glycols tend to be more irritating to mucous membranes than fats.
USAGE AREAS:
-Cosmetics
-pharmaceutical
-industrial
FEATURES:
-Binder
-emulsifier
-stabilizer
-solvent
PROPERTIES:
-Range of Avg. Molecular Weight: Blend
-Range of Average Hydroxyl Number, mg KOH/g: Blend
-Density, g/cm3 @ 60°C: 1.0930
-Melting or Freezing Range, °C: 38 to 41
-Solubility in Water at 20°C, % by wt: 73
-Viscosity at 100°C, cSt: 15.1
-Avg. Liquid Specific Heat, cal/g/°C: 0.51
-Heat of Fusion, Cal/g: 37
-pH at 25°C, 5% Aqueous Solution: 4.5-7.5
-Flash Point, Cleveland Open Cup, °C: 243
-Physical Form Soft: Solid
-Weight per gallon, lbs/gal @ 55°C: 9.16
STORAGE:
Keep container tightly closed. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area.
SYNONYM:
monoethylene glycol
1,2-Dihydroxyethane
2-hydroxyethanol
Glycol alcohol
Ethylene alcohol
polyethylene glycol
Macrogol
Fridex
Tescol
Ethylene dihydrate
Macrogol 400 BPC
Dowtherm SR 1
ethanediol
Zerex
Poly(ethylene glycol)
Ucar 17
Lutrol-9
Polyethylene glycol 200
ethyleneglycol
Aethylenglykol
Ethylenglycol
1,2-Ethandiol
1,2-ethylene glycol
ethylen glycol
ethylene-glycol
Polyethylene glycol 600
146AR
Polyethylene glycol 1000
Polyethylene glycol 3350
UNII-FC72KVT52F
