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CATIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE

Cationic polyacrylamide is a water-soluble linear flocculant polymer, synthesized through the copolymerization of cationic monomers and acrylamide monomers.
Cationic polyacrylamide is considered one of the most efficient flocculants used in industrial solid-liquid separation technologies.
Cationic polyacrylamide is manufactured through the copolymerization of acrylamide with cationic quaternary ammonium monomers, resulting in a polymer backbone that carries permanent positive charges.

CAS Number: 9003-05-8
Molecular Formula: (C3H5NO)n

Synonyms: CPAM, Cationic PAM, Cationic Acrylamide Polymer, Cationic Polyacrylamide Polymer, Poly(acrylamide), cationic, Cationic Acrylamide Copolymer, Cationic Flocculant Polymer, Cationic Water-Soluble Polymer, Cationic Polyacrylamide Flocculant, Quaternized Polyacrylamide, Cationic Acrylamide Resin, Cationic Polyacrylic Amide, Cationic High Molecular Weight Polymer, Cationic Linear Polyacrylamide, Cationic Charge Polyacrylamide, Cationic Coagulant Polymer, Cationic Sludge Dewatering Polymer, Cationic Wastewater Treatment Polymer, Cationic PAM Flocculant, Cationic Acrylamide-Based Polymer

Cationic polyacrylamide is a high–molecular-weight, water-soluble synthetic polymer engineered to provide strong electrostatic interaction with negatively charged particles and dissolved organic matter.
Cationic polyacrylamide is manufactured through the copolymerization of acrylamide with cationic quaternary ammonium monomers, resulting in a polymer backbone that carries permanent positive charges.
These positive charges enable efficient charge neutralization, bridging mechanisms, and rapid floc formation in aqueous systems.

Cationic polyacrylamide’s performance can be precisely adjusted by modifying molecular weight and charge density.
This tunability allows Cationic polyacrylamide to perform effectively in highly variable wastewater compositions, including systems rich in colloids, suspended solids, proteins, lignin derivatives, and fine mineral particles.
Cationic polyacrylamide's high chain length facilitates inter-particle bridging, forming dense and easily separable flocs.

Cationic polyacrylamide is considered one of the most efficient flocculants used in industrial solid-liquid separation technologies.
Cationic polyacrylamide demonstrates strong adsorption capacity on negatively charged surfaces such as clay minerals, biomass, cellulose fibers, and organic sludge components.
Due to its versatility, Cationic polyacrylamide plays a critical role in environmental protection processes, resource recovery systems, and industrial process optimization.

Cationic polyacrylamide is a water-soluble linear organic polymer synthesized by copolymerizing cationic monomers with acrylamide.
Cationic polyacrylamide is widely used as a flocculant in industrial solid-liquid separation processes, including sedimentation, clarification, thickening, and sludge dewatering.

Cationic polyacrylamide copolymers are mainly applied for sludge dewatering in municipal wastewater treatment and might enter the environment by spreading the sludge on agricultural land.

Concern has been expressed since little is known about the degradation of Cationic polyacrylamides in soils.
To obtain detailed information on Cationic polyacrylamide’s fate in the soil compartment, the degradation of 14C-radiolabelled Cationic polyacrylamide in an outdoor lysimeter was studied.

Cationic polyacrylamide is a high-performance polymer widely used in water treatment, industrial wastewater purification, and sludge dewatering applications.
Known for its strong flocculation ability and positive ionic charge, Cationic polyacrylamide effectively binds negatively charged particles, helping industries achieve cleaner water and more efficient solid-liquid separation.

Cationic polyacrylamide is a water-soluble polymer made by copolymerizing acrylamide with cationic monomers.
Cationic polyacrylamide's molecular structure allows it to attract and neutralize negatively charged suspended solids, making it one of the most efficient flocculants in wastewater treatment processes.

Cationic polyacrylamide is a water-soluble polymer polyelectrolyte copolymerized by cationic monomers and acrylamide.
Cationic polyacrylamide is non-toxic, odorless, easily affected by moisture, easily soluble in water, and insoluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone.

Cationic polyacrylamide has good molecular chain extension performance, good elasticity, stable relative molecular mass, uniform charge distribution, fast floc formation speed, fast separation speed, dense flocs, high strength, and good dehydration.
Cationic polyacrylamide is mainly used in sewage flocculation sedimentation and sludge dehydration.

Cationic polyacrylamide is a water-soluble synthetic polymer produced by the copolymerization of acrylamide with cationic monomers such as diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC) or acryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (AETAC).
Cationic polyacrylamide carries positively charged functional groups along its backbone, enabling strong electrostatic interaction with negatively charged particles, colloids, and organic matter.
Cationic polyacrylamide is widely used as a flocculant, coagulant aid, retention agent, and sludge dewatering polymer in industrial and environmental processes.

Effective pH Range of Cationic Polyacrylamide:
First, the pH value of the reference water quality is considered.
The effective pH range for anionic polyacrylamide is generally 5-14, showing significant effects in treating alkaline, neutral, and weakly acidic water.
The effective pH range for Cationic polyacrylamide is 7-14, with outstanding effects in treating alkaline and neutral water; the application range for nonionic polyacrylamide is pH 1-8, which has excellent effects on treating acidic water.

Uses of Cationic Polyacrylamide:
Polyacrylamide can be divided into cationic, anionic, nonionic, and amphoteric ion types, with molecular weights ranging from 4 million to 20 million.
The appearance of the product is a white powder, soluble in water, and easily decomposed at temperatures above 120°C.
Polyacrylamide can be divided into anionic, cationic, nonionic, and amphoteric ionic types.

Cationic polyacrylamide is used as flocculant, cationic polyelectrolyte can be used for the treatment of domestic sewage and organic wastewater, such as ethyl alcohol, paper making, Ajinomoto factory, sugaring, forage, printing, and dyeing textile. etc.
For the treatment of municipal sewage, sludge sediment, and dewatering of wastewater from the meat, poultry, food process.

Cationic polyacrylamide is used as a flocculant, cationic polyelectrolyte can be used as a drying and strengthening agent, retention agent, filter agent in the papermaking industry, for white wastewater treatment, too.
At the same time, Cationic polyacrylamide has a high flocculant effect in the process of deinking.

Cationic polyacrylamide is used as a flocculant.
Cationic polyacrylamide can be used as the clarifier of wastewater in the mining and coal washing industry.

Cationic polyelectrolyte can be used for the treatment of dyeing, leather, and oily wastewater.
Cationic polyelectrolyte can be used as the flocculant for the running water treatment from river sources, especially has high treatment effect mixed with inorganic flocculant.
Cationic polyacrylamide can be used as an oil chemical assistant, such as an anti-clay swelling agent, acidic gelatinizer. etc.

Cationic polyacrylamide is suitable for various industries, including:

Municipal Wastewater Treatment:
Cationic polyacrylamide removes suspended solids and enhances sludge dewatering in sewage plants.

Paper and Pulp Industry
Cationic polyacrylamide is used as a retention and drainage aid to improve paper quality and water reuse efficiency.

Textile Industry:
Assists in dye wastewater clarification and recovery.

Chemical and Mining Sectors:
Cationic polyacrylamide helps separate solids from liquids in tailings and chemical effluents.

Food and Beverage Processing:
Cationic polyacrylamide ensures cleaner water recycling and reduces treatment costs.

Sludge dehydration:
According to the nature of the sludge, the corresponding model of Cationic polyacrylamide can be selected to effectively dehydrate the sludge before the sludge is filtered.
The floc produced during dehydration is large and does not stick to the filter cloth.
Cationic polyacrylamide does not fall apart, the mud cake is thicker, the dehydration efficiency is high, and the moisture content of the mud cake is below 80%.

Treatment of domestic sewage and organic wastewater:
Cationic polyacrylamide is electropositive in acidic or alkaline media, so it can flocculate and settle the negatively charged suspended particles in the sewage, and the clarification effect is significant.
Such as the production of grain alcohol wastewater, papermaking wastewater, wastewater from urban sewage treatment plants, beer wastewater, MSG plant wastewater, sugar wastewater, wastewater with high organic content, feed wastewater, textile printing and dyeing wastewater, etc., use Cationic polyacrylamide rather than use anionic polyacrylamide, non-ionic polyacrylamide or inorganic salts are several times more effective because this type of wastewater is generally negatively charged.

Flocculant for treating tap water with river water as the water source:
Less dosage, good effect, low cost, especially when combined with inorganic flocculant, the effect is better.

Papermaking industry:
Cationic polyacrylamide can be used as paper dry strength agent, retention aid, filter aid, and can also be used for the treatment of white water.
At the same time, during the deinking process, the flocculation effect is obvious.

Oil extraction:
Cationic polyacrylamide is used as economical additives in oil fields, such as clay anti-swelling agent and thickening agent for oil field acidification.

Features of Cationic Polyacrylamide:
High cost performance, low dosage can achieve good results.
Cationic polyacrylamide can significantly improve the sludge dehydration efficiency and reduce the moisture content of the mud cake.

In the solid-liquid separation process in sewage treatment, the settling rate of suspended solids can be increased.
Cationic polyacrylamide can work effectively within a wide pH value range (2-9) and can treat sewage and sludge under weakly acidic conditions.

Advantages of Cationic Polyacrylamide:
Highly economical in use, delivering remarkably effective performance even at very low dosages.
Significantly enhance sludge dewatering efficiency and reduce the moisture content of the filter cake.

Enhances the settling rate of suspended solids during solid-liquid separation in the wastewater treatment process.
Operates effectively over a wide pH range (2-9) and can treat wastewater and sludge under weakly acidic conditions.

Key Benefits of Cationic Polyacrylamide:

Excellent Flocculation Efficiency:
Rapidly combines small particles into larger aggregates for faster sedimentation.

Effective Sludge Dewatering:
Cationic polyacrylamide reduces moisture content in sludge, lowering disposal costs and improving handling.

Wide pH Compatibility:
Cationic polyacrylamide performs effectively across a broad range of pH levels.

Eco-Friendly and Safe:
Non-toxic and biodegradable when used under recommended conditions.

Enhanced Filtration:
Cationic polyacrylamide improves filtration rates and reduces the need for secondary treatment chemicals.

Stability and Reactivity of Cationic Polyacrylamide:

Chemical Stability:
Cationic polyacrylamide is stable under normal ambient temperatures and recommended storage conditions when kept sealed and protected from moisture and contamination.

Reactivity:
Cationic polyacrylamide is generally inert in typical process environments.
Cationic polyacrylamide may react with strong oxidizing agents.
In aqueous use, Cationic polyacrylamide interacts strongly with negatively charged particles via adsorption and charge neutralization rather than undergoing a chemical reaction.

Conditions to Avoid:
Excessive heat, direct sunlight or UV exposure, moisture ingress into dry powder packaging, dust accumulation, and contact with strong oxidizers.

Incompatible Materials:
Strong oxidizing agents, peroxide initiators, and highly reactive radical-forming chemicals.

Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Thermal decomposition or combustion may generate carbon oxides (CO, CO₂), nitrogen oxides (NOx), ammonia traces, and irritating organic fumes.

Hazardous Polymerization:
Does not occur.

Handling and Storage of Cationic Polyacrylamide:

Handling:
Use good industrial hygiene practices.
Avoid breathing dust (powder grades) and avoid contact with eyes.

Prevent spills because polymer solutions and wet powder can create extremely slippery surfaces.
Use gentle addition to water to minimize dusting and clumping.
Apply controlled mixing to prevent fisheyes during dissolution.

Storage:
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources and direct sunlight.
Keep containers tightly closed and protected from humidity.

Do not store near strong oxidizers.
For emulsions, protect from freezing and prolonged high temperatures.
Follow supplier temperature recommendations to maintain stability.

First Aid Measures of Cationic Polyacrylamide:

Inhalation:
Move the person to fresh air.
If respiratory irritation, coughing, or discomfort continues, seek medical attention.

Skin Contact:
Wash skin thoroughly with soap and water.
Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
If irritation develops, obtain medical advice.

Eye Contact:
Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do.

Continue rinsing.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists.

Ingestion:
Rinse mouth with water.
Do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel.
Seek medical advice if large amounts are swallowed or if symptoms occur.

Firefighting Measures of Cationic Polyacrylamide:

Suitable Extinguishing Media:
Water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical powder, or carbon dioxide (CO₂).

Specific Hazards:
The product may burn if involved in a fire.
Decomposition can release irritating or toxic fumes including CO, CO₂, and NOx.
Dust clouds of organic powders can present a dust explosion hazard in extreme conditions.

Protective Equipment for Firefighters:
Use self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and full protective gear.

Firefighting Instructions:
Cool exposed containers with water spray.
Avoid directing high-pressure water jets at spills that could spread slippery material.

Accidental Release Measures of Cationic Polyacrylamide:

Personal Precautions:
Avoid dust generation and avoid slipping hazards.
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment.
Ensure adequate ventilation.

Environmental Precautions:
Prevent large quantities from entering drains and waterways.
Concentrated powder or gelled solution can cause mechanical blockage and operational issues.

Cleanup Methods:
For dry material, carefully sweep or vacuum using dust-controlled equipment.
Place into suitable containers.

For solutions, contain the spill with absorbent material and collect mechanically.
Wash residual traces with plenty of water while controlling runoff.
Clearly mark the area until completely cleaned due to slip risk.

Exposure Controls / Personal Protection of Cationic Polyacrylamide:

Engineering Controls:
Provide local exhaust ventilation or general ventilation to control dust.
Use closed transfer and dust-minimizing feeding systems where possible.

Eye/Face Protection:
Safety glasses or chemical splash goggles.

Hand Protection:
Protective gloves such as nitrile or similar materials.

Skin Protection:
Work clothing.
Protective coveralls for large-scale handling.

Respiratory Protection:
Dust mask or particulate respirator when dust may be generated or ventilation is insufficient.

Hygiene Measures:
Wash hands after handling.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke in handling areas.
Keep floors clean and dry to prevent slip incidents.

Identifiers of Cationic Polyacrylamide:
Chemical Family: Synthetic cationic water-soluble polymer
Base Polymer CAS No.: 9003-05-8
EC Number: Polymer
Molecular Formula: (C₃H₅NO)n
Polymer Type: Acrylamide-based cationic copolymer
HS Code: 3906.90

Properties of Cationic Polyacrylamide:
Ionic Nature: Cationic
Appearance: White granule
Molecular Weight: Various
Density: 0.7 g/cm³
pH (Solution): 3–7
Viscosity: 200–300 cps (at 0.1%)

Appearance: White free-flowing granular powder or milky emulsion
Physical State: Solid (powder) or liquid emulsion
Odor: Odorless or very slight characteristic odor
Solubility: Completely soluble in water; forms viscous solution
Molecular Weight: Very high
Charge Type: Cationic
pH (0.1% solution): 4–7