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Chlorhexidine Digluconate is known by the salt forms: chlorhexidine gluconate (chlorhexidine digluconate) and chlorhexidine acetate (chlorhexidine diacetate).
Chlorhexidine Digluconate rinse is also known to have a bitter metallic aftertaste.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is effective against a range of microorganisms, but does not inactivate spores.
CAS Number: 18472-51-0
Molecular Formula: C22H30Cl2N10.2C6H12O7
Molecular Weight: 897.76
EINECS Number: 242-354-0
Synonyms: CHLORHEXIDINE DIGLUCONATE, Chlorhexidine gluconate, Hibiclens, 18472-51-0, Peridex, Dyna-hex
Bioscrub, Hibiscrub, Hibitane, Microderm, Periochip, Periogard, Exidine, Unisept, Chlorhexidine D-digluconate, Brian Care, Steri-Stat, Cida-Stat, Hibistat, BacticlensChlorhexidine pharma grade, 55-56-1, Rotersept, Fimeil, Hexadol, Soretol, Chlorhexidin, Chlorhexidinum, Cloresidina [DCIT], Chlorhexidin [Czech], Chlorhexidinum [INN-Latin], Clorhexidina [INN-Spanish], Nolvasan, Merfen-incolore, Chlorhexadine, Dentisept, 1,6-Bis(p-chlorophenyldiguanido)hexane, 1,6-Di(4'-chlorophenyldiguanido)hexane, 1,6-Bis(5-(p-chlorophenyl)biguandino)hexane, Chlorohexidine, Tubulicid, Chlorhexidine pharma grade (INN), 1,1'-Hexamethylenebis(5-(p-chlorophenyl)biguanide), 1,1'-Hexamethylene bis(5-(p-chlorophenyl)biguanide), 2,4,11,13-Tetraazatetradecanediimidamide, N,N''-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-, Sterilon, CHEMBL790, R4KO0DY52L, MLS001332388, CHEBI:3614, Cloresidina, Clorhexidina, DTXSID2033314, Chlorhexidine pharma grade-d8 Dihydrochloride, Biguanide, 1,1'-hexamethylenebis(5-(p-chlorophenyl)-, CAS-55-56-1, NCGC00016246-03, SMR000857146, Sterido, Savlon babycare, Chlorhexidine pharma grade [INN], N',N'''''-hexane-1,6-diylbis[N-(4-chlorophenyl)(imidodicarbonimidic diamide)], N,N'-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-2,4,11,13-tetraazatetradecanediimidamide, Chlorhexidine pharma grade [INN:BAN], DTXCID0013314, Chlorhexidine pharma grade dihydrochloride, MLS001304094, N-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-3-(6-{N-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)carbamimidamidomethanimidoyl]amino}hexyl)carbamimidamidomethanimidamide, CCRIS 9230, 1246816-96-5, HSDB 7196, Merfen-incolore (TN), SR-01000799135, Nolvasan (*Diacetate*), 1,1'-Hexamethylenebis(5-[p-chlorophenyl]biguanide), 1,1'-hexamethylenebis[5-(p-chlorophenyl)biguanide], SMR000718621, EINECS 200-238-7, UNII-R4KO0DY52L, Lisium (*Dihydrochloride*), BRN 2826432, 1,6-Di(N-p-chlorophenyldiguanido)hexane, Dentisept [veterinary] (TN), 1,6-Bis(N5-[p-chlorophenyl]-N1-biguanido)hexane, Prestwick_53, Chlorhexidine pharma grade (1), Hibidil (Salt/Mix), Hibisol (Salt/Mix), Hibitane (Salt/Mix), Hibiscrub (Salt/Mix), Hibispray (Salt/Mix), NSC526936, Spectrum_000237, Savloclens (Salt/Mix), 3697-42-5, Prestwick0_000143, Prestwick1_000143, Prestwick2_000143, Prestwick3_000143, Spectrum2_000135, Spectrum3_000339, Spectrum4_000277, Spectrum5_001322, Chlorhexidine pharma grade [MI], Hexamethylenebis(5-(4-chlorophenyl)biguanide), EC 200-238-7, SCHEMBL3984, Chlorhexidine pharma grade [HSDB], Chlorhexidine pharma grade [INCI], Chlorhexidine pharma grade, >=99.5%, BSPBio_000246, BSPBio_001977, Chlorhexidine pharma grade [VANDF], KBioGR_000774, KBioSS_000717, 4-12-00-01201 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), MLS001332387, MLS002154209, Chlorhexidine pharma grade [MART.], DivK1c_000761, SPBio_000210, SPBio_002185, Chlorhexidine pharma grade [USP-RS], Chlorhexidine pharma grade [WHO-DD]
Chlorhexidine Digluconate came into medical use in the 1950s.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is available over the counter in the United States.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is effective on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, although it is less effective with some Gram-negative bacteria.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate has both bactericidal and bacteriostatic mechanisms of action, the mechanism of action being membrane disruption, not ATPase inactivation as previously thought.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is also useful against fungi and enveloped viruses, though this has not been extensively investigated.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate may cause eye problems if direct contact occurs.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is use in pregnancy appears to be safe.
Chlorhexidine may come mixed in alcohol, water, or surfactant solution.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is harmful in high concentrations, but is used safely in low concentrations in many products, such as mouthwash and contact lens solutions.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is a broad-spectrum antiseptic.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is functionally related to a chlorhexidine.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is used for skin disinfection before surgery and to sterilize surgical instruments.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is also used for cleaning wounds, preventing dental plaque, treating yeast infections of the mouth, and to keep urinary catheters from blocking.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is used as a liquid or a powder.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is known by the salt forms: chlorhexidine gluconate (chlorhexidine digluconate) and chlorhexidine acetate (chlorhexidine diacetate).
Pharmaceutical secondary standards for application in quality control, provide pharma laboratories and manufacturers with a convenient and cost-effective alternative to the preparation of in-house working standards.
Cationic broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent belonging to the bis(biguanide) family.
Chlorhexidine Digluconates mechanism of action involves destabilization of the outer bacterial membrane.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is used primarily as a topical antiseptic/disinfectant in wound healing, at catheterization sites, in various dental applications and in surgical scrubs.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate solution is a bis(biguanide) family cationic broad spectrum antibiotic that is available in a range of concentrations and has been safely used for over 40 years for a variety of health-related applications; but its specific use for umbilical cord care was uniquely tested in three clinical trials in Nepal, Bangladesh, and Pakistan, in the form of 7.1% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX).
Given the promising results of the trials, in 2013 the World Health Organization (WHO) added CHX to its Model List of Essential Medicines for Children; and in 2014 the WHO
Chlorhexidine Digluconate issued a new guideline on umbilical cord care, which included a formal recommendation on the use of chlorhexidine.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, facultative anaerobes, aerobes, and yeasts.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is particularly effective against Gram-positive bacteria (in concentrations ≥ 1 μg/L).
Significantly higher concentrations (10 to more than 73 μg/mL) are required for Gram-negative bacteria and fungi.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate (to be referred to as CHDG) is known for its pronounced effect by way of preventing the formation of dental plaque, as well as its curative promotion of gingival complaints.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is a disinfectant and antiseptic with the molecular formula C22H30Cl2N10.2C6H12O7, which is used for skin disinfection before surgery and to sterilize surgical instruments.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is an organochlorine compound and a D-gluconate adduct.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is a broad spectrum antiseptic.
Chlorhexidine Digluconates mechanism of action involves destabilization of the outer bacterial membrane.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate has been widely used in a range of applications including wound care, hand washes, preoperative body shower, oral hygiene, and general disinfection.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is also used for cleaning wounds, preventing dental plaque, treating yeast infections of the mouth, and to keep urinary catheters from blocking.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is used as a liquid or a powder.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate has a role as an antibacterial agent.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate, also known simply as chlorhexidine, is an antiseptic and disinfectant chemical compound used in various applications, including medicine, dentistry, and personal care.
Density: 1.06 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor pressure: 0.005Pa at 25℃
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: water: soluble50% (w/v)
form: Liquid
color: Colorless
Viscosity: 2.51mm2/s
Water Solubility: 750g/L at 20℃
λmax: 257nm(H2O)(lit.)
Sensitive: Light Sensitive
LogP: -1.81 at 20.7℃
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is used in wound care to help prevent infection and promote healing.
Specialized catheters coated with Chlorhexidine Digluconate or catheter care protocols involving chlorhexidine use are employed to lower this risk.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate has been used in neonatal care to reduce infections in newborns.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate may be applied topically to the umbilical cord stump to prevent neonatal infections.
In addition to its use in human healthcare, Chlorhexidine Digluconate is employed in veterinary medicine for similar purposes, including the disinfection of surgical sites and the control of skin and wound infections in animals.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is generally considered safe, pregnant and nursing women should consult healthcare professionals before using chlorhexidine products, especially if they contain high concentrations of the compound.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is used to disinfect certain medical devices, such as endoscopes and ultrasound probes, to prevent cross-contamination.
Healthcare professionals and individuals using Chlorhexidine Digluconate products should adhere to specific guidelines and recommendations regarding its use.
This ensures that it is employed safely and effectively in various healthcare and personal care contexts.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate can be applied to clean and disinfect wounds and is sometimes used in conjunction with other wound dressings or antibiotics.
In some cases, long-term or excessive use can lead to side effects, including staining of teeth, dry mouth, or oral irritation.
It's important to inform your healthcare provider of any Chlorhexidine Digluconate use, as it may interact with certain medications or medical procedures.
For example, it may impact the effectiveness of some blood pressure medications or interact with iodine-based contrast agents used in imaging studies.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is ineffective against polioviruses and adenoviruses.
The effectiveness against herpes viruses has not yet been established unequivocally.
One of the notable features of Chlorhexidine Digluconate is its residual antimicrobial effect.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate can continue to protect against microbes even after it has been applied and dried, making it especially valuable in healthcare settings where long-lasting protection is required.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is an essential part of infection control protocols in healthcare facilities.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is used for surgical hand scrubbing by healthcare personnel and as a pre-operative skin preparation for patients undergoing surgery.
In healthcare settings, Chlorhexidine Digluconate is often used to reduce the risk of CAUTIs, which can occur when bacteria travel up a urinary catheter.
In addition to its use as a surgical skin preparation, Chlorhexidine Digluconate is sometimes used for general skin cleansing in medical settings, such as in preparation for injections or intravenous lines.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is often used as a pre-operative mouth rinse before oral surgery to reduce the bacterial load in the mouth and decrease the risk of post-operative infections.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is sometimes used as a treatment for periodontal (gum) disease.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate can help control inflammation and reduce the number of bacteria causing gum disease.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate-impregnated dressings or catheters may be used to reduce the risk of catheter-related infections.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is considered safe and effective when used correctly, it's essential to follow usage instructions provided by healthcare professionals or as stated on product labels.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate products are available both by prescription and over-the-counter, depending on the concentration and specific use.
Over-the-counter mouthwashes, for instance, usually contain lower concentrations suitable for daily oral care, while stronger solutions are often prescribed for surgical or medical applications.
Concerns have been raised about the environmental impact of Chlorhexidine Digluconate when it enters wastewater systems, as it is not easily biodegradable.
This has led to the exploration of more eco-friendly alternatives in some applications.
Over time, some microorganisms have developed resistance to Chlorhexidine Digluconate, particularly in healthcare settings.
This underscores the importance of using Chlorhexidine Digluconate judiciously and according to recommended guidelines to prevent the development of resistance.
Uses:
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is used in hospitals to prevent infection of patients during surgeries and can also be found in mouthrinses.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is used in disinfectants (disinfection of the skin and hands), cosmetics (additive to creams, toothpaste, deodorants, and antiperspirants), and pharmaceutical products (preservative in eye drops, active substance in wound dressings and antiseptic mouthwashes).
A 2019 Cochrane review concluded that based on very low certainty evidence in those who are critically ill "it is not clear whether bathing with chlorhexidine reduces hospital-acquired infections, mortality, or length of stay in the ICU, or whether the use of chlorhexidine results in more skin reactions."
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, cosmetics and personal care products, perfumes and fragrances, air care products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products) and polishes and waxes.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate may be found in over-the-counter topical antiseptic solutions and ointments for minor cuts, scrapes, and burns.
Some hand sanitizers and disinfectant products contain Chlorhexidine Digluconate as one of their active ingredients to provide long-lasting protection against pathogens.
In some cosmetic and personal care products, Chlorhexidine Digluconate may be used as a preservative to extend the product's shelf life by preventing microbial contamination.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is used to disinfect the skin before injections, venipuncture, or the placement of intravenous lines.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate as an active ingredient for long-lasting protection against pathogens.
In some cosmetic and personal care products, Chlorhexidine Digluconate is used as a preservative to prevent microbial contamination and extend shelf life.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is used primarily as a topical antiseptic/disinfectant in wound healing, at catheterization sites, in various dental applications and in surgical scrubs.
The gluconate salt form of Chlorhexidine Digluconate, a biguanide compound used as an antiseptic agent with topical antibacterial activity.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate gluconate is positively charged and reacts with the negatively charged microbial cell surface, thereby destroying the integrity of the cell membrane.
Subsequently, Chlorhexidine Digluconate gluconate penetrates into the cell and causes leakage of intracellular components leading to cell death.
Since gram positive bacteria are more negatively charged, they are more sensitive to this agent.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is also used in veterinary medicine to disinfect surgical sites, treat skin infections, and maintain oral health in animals.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is generally safe when used as directed, it can cause adverse reactions in some individuals, such as skin irritation or allergic reactions.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate should not be ingested, and products containing chlorhexidine should be used according to the instructions on the label.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate mouthwashes are used to reduce dental plaque, treat gingivitis, and prevent oral infections.
Some toothpaste formulations include Chlorhexidine Digluconate to provide additional protection against plaque and gingivitis.
Healthcare professionals use Chlorhexidine Digluconate for hand disinfection before surgical procedures to reduce the risk of surgical site infections.
Prior to surgery or medical procedures, Chlorhexidine Digluconate is applied to the skin to reduce the risk of infections at the incision site.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is used to clean and disinfect wounds, cuts, and burns to prevent infection and promote healing.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate has been used for root canal irrigation and as an intracanal dressing but has been replaced by the use of sodium hypochlorite bleach in much of the developed world.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging and health services.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is used to reduce the risk of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) by keeping the catheter insertion site clean and disinfected.
In neonatal care, Chlorhexidine Digluconate may be applied to the umbilical cord stump of newborns to prevent infection.
Patients may use chlorhexidine mouthwash before oral surgery to reduce bacteria in the oral cavity.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate can be applied during dental procedures to reduce the risk of post-operative infections.
In veterinary medicine, Chlorhexidine Digluconate is used for similar purposes, such as disinfection of surgical sites, wound care, and general antiseptic use in animals.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate may be used in healthcare settings to disinfect medical equipment and surfaces to prevent cross-contamination.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is used for the manufacture of: pulp, paper and paper products, food products.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate digluconate 20% solution is a broad spectrum bacteriostatis antiseptic agent, oral care agent, disinfectant, cosmetic biocide, and preservative.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is very effective against plaque, oral flora including Candida and is active against gram-positive and gram-negative organisms, facultative anaerobes, aerobes, and yeast.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate can be used in antiseptic soap, mouthwash that fights plaque, disinfecting wounds and burns, vaginal flushing, hair dyes and bleaches, makeup, and other skin and hair care products.
In addition to its use in healthcare facilities, Chlorhexidine Digluconate can be used for catheter care in home settings.
This is particularly important for individuals who require long-term urinary catheters to reduce the risk of urinary tract infections.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate may be used to disinfect the exit site for peritoneal dialysis catheters to prevent peritonitis, an infection of the peritoneum.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is used in veterinary dentistry for oral health care in animals, including dental cleanings, surgical procedures, and treatment of oral infections.
Some antifungal creams and ointments for skin infections, like athlete's foot, may contain chlorhexidine as an active ingredient.
In the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers, Chlorhexidine Digluconate may be used to cleanse the ulcer and prevent or treat infection.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is used as part of infection control measures in environments where the risk of infectious diseases is high, such as correctional facilities and long-term care facilities.
Some cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy use Chlorhexidine Digluconate mouthwash to manage mouth sores and prevent oral infections.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate may be employed in post-surgical wound care to reduce the risk of surgical site infections and ensure optimal healing.
Use of a Chlorhexidine Digluconate-based mouthwash in combination with normal tooth care can help reduce the build-up of plaque and improve mild gingivitis.
There is not enough evidence to determine the effect in moderate to severe gingivitis.
Chlorhexidine Digluconates use as a mouthwash has a number of adverse effects including damage to the mouth lining, tooth discoloration, tartar build-up, and impaired taste.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate may be part of the medical supplies used in disaster response efforts to reduce the risk of infections in emergency medical situations.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate may be used for oral hygiene to ensure patient comfort and reduce the risk of infections.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate plays a role in maintaining infection control standards in long-term care facilities to protect vulnerable residents from healthcare-associated infections.
Extrinsic tooth staining occurs when chlorhexidine rinse has been used for 4 weeks or longer.
Mouthwashes containing Chlorhexidine Digluconate which stain teeth less than the classic solution have been developed, many of which contain chelated zinc.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, meaning it can kill or inhibit a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and some viruses.
This makes it effective in reducing the risk of infections.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is often used to disinfect skin before surgical procedures, to clean wounds, and to disinfect medical equipment.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is a preservative generally used in concentrations of 0.01 to 0.1 percent to protect against bacteria.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is unstable at high temperatures.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate's used in mouthwashes, toothpaste, and dental procedures to control oral infections and plaque formation.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is commonly found in mouthwashes and dental products designed to combat gingivitis, reduce plaque buildup, and prevent oral infections.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate can help control bad breath and promote good oral hygiene.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is more widely used in europe than in the united States.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate of benzyl-nitrogen bonds.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate is an antimicrobial irrigant that is used as an antiseptic for the skin in the healthcare industry.
Safety Profile:
This staining is more likely to occur with long-term or frequent use of high-concentration Chlorhexidine Digluconate products.
This is generally temporary and subsides after discontinuing use.
Overuse of Chlorhexidine Digluconate can potentially lead to antimicrobial resistance, where microorganisms become less responsive to its effects.
Therefore, it's essential to use Chlorhexidine Digluconate products as directed by healthcare professionals or according to product labels.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate should not be ingested. Be cautious when using chlorhexidine mouthwash and ensure it is not swallowed.
Staining can be addressed by professional dental cleaning.
Chlorhexidine Digluconate can cause brown or yellow staining of teeth, tongue, and dental restorations (like fillings and crowns).
While relatively rare, some individuals may be allergic to Chlorhexidine Digluconate.
Signs of an allergic reaction can include skin rash, itching, redness, swelling, or hives.
Prolonged or frequent use of Chlorhexidine Digluconate on the skin can lead to irritation, dryness, or peeling.
