CHLORHEXIDINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE

Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial biguanide used as a topical antiseptic and in dental practice for the treatment of inflammatory dental conditions caused by microorganisms.
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is one of the most common skin and mucous membrane antiseptic agents in use today.
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride for disinfection, as well as oral rinses for dental use, carries activity against a broad range of pathogens including bacteria, yeasts, and viruses.

CAS Number : 3697-42-5
EC  Number : 223-026-6
Molecular Formula :    C22H32Cl4N10
Molecular Weight  :     578.4

The molecule itself is a cationic bis-guanide consisting of two 4-chlorophenyl rings and two biguanide groups joined by a central hexamethylene chain.
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride  is an antiseptic mainly used in dental medicines like mouth rinses, sprays or toothpaste to prevent plaque and gingivitis. 
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride  is also used on plasters, in ointments or powders and as an effective preservative against bacteria and moulds in cosmetics.
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride  is a member of guanidines.
A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.

Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is an antiseptic and disinfectant. 
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride helps reduce the number of germs (bacteria) in your mouth or on your skin.
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is usually combined with other ingredients. 
Some sore throat treatments have a local anaesthetic to help numb pain.

Mouth and throat treatments come as mouthwashes, lozenges, gels and sprays.
Skin treatments come as creams, ointments and lotions.
Many Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride treatments are available to buy in pharmacies, and some in shops and supermarkets.
For nose infections, there is a nasal cream that contains Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride and neomycin, an antibiotic. 
This medicine is available on prescription only and is known by the brand name Naseptin.
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is also used in hospitals and clinics to clean skin or surgical equipment before surgery. 
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride can be used in some bladder procedures, including cleaning catheters.

Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride throat spray, lozenges and dental treatments (including mouthwash and dental gel) can be used by adults and children aged 12 or older.
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride skin treatments can be used by adults and children.
To make sure Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is safe for you, tell a pharmacist or doctor before using it if you:

-have ever had an allergic reaction to Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride or any of the other ingredients
-have ever had an allergic reaction to any other medicine
-cannot drink or need to avoid alcohol. 
-Some Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride sprays and mouthwashes may contain very small amounts of alcohol. 
-Ask a pharmacist, doctor or dentist about medicines without alcohol.

Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is an anti-microbial agent that acts as an inhibitor of MMP-2 and MMP-9 metalloproteinases. 
However, MMP-2 is more sensitive to Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride than MMP-9. 
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride inhibits the collagenase activity of MMP-8 released by PMA-triggered polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) in a dose-dependent manner. 
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride may possibly act through a cation-chelating mechanism.

Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is an antiseptic antibacterial agent commonly used as a disinfectant in eye drops, deodorants, creams, and others. 
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is also used as an active ingredient in mouthwash to prevent and control dental plaque.
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride  is characterized as being a strong base with cationic properties.
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride  is available in both freebase and stable salt forms, with a white or yellowish appearance.

Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride  and chlorhexidine phosphanilate are chlorhexidine solutions that are colorless, odorless and have an extremely bitter taste.
In healthcare or commercial use, Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride  is one of the more commonly used forms of the chlorhexidine salts due to its ability to dissolve in water and deliver the molecule in an effective way.

Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is an effective antiseptic, disinfectant and preservative against a wide variety of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. 
Bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity due to outer bacterial membrane disruption.
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is an odorless, white crystalline powder. 
In cosmetics and personal care products, Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride and its salts (Chlorohexidine Dihydrochloride, Chlorhexidine Digluconate, Chlorhexidine Diacetate) are used in the formulation of eye makeup, makeup foundations, mouthwashes, hair dyes and bleaches, and other skin care and hair care products.

Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is an odorless, white crystalline powder that is a synthetic preservative and antiseptic that functions as a cosmetic biocide and oral care agent. 
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is used in the formulation of eye makeup, makeup foundations, mouthwashes, hair dyes and bleaches, and other skin care and hair care products.
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride impurity B is an impurity found in chlorhexidine dihydrochloride, a drug that is used as an antiseptic and disinfectant. 
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is a metabolite of chlorhexidine and has been detected in urine and plasma samples. 
This impurity has no known pharmacological activity. 
The purity of this compound is not less than 99%.

Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride belongs to a group of medicines called antiseptic antibacterial agents. 
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is used to clean the skin after an injury, before surgery, or before an injection. 
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is also used to clean the hands before a procedure. 
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride works by killing or preventing the growth of bacteria on the skin.

Substance identity

EC / List no.: 223-026-6
CAS no.: 3697-42-5
Mol. formula: C22H30Cl2N10.2ClH

Hazard classification & labelling of Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride
Warning! According to the classification provided by companies to ECHA in REACH registrations this substance is very toxic to aquatic life, is very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects and causes serious eye irritation.

About Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 to < 100 tonnes per annum.
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing and at industrial sites.

Consumer Uses of Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products, perfumes and fragrances, washing & cleaning products, air care products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products) and polishes and waxes.
Other release to the environment of Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is likely to occur from: indoor use as processing aid.

Article service life of Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride
Other release to the environment of Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is likely to occur from: indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints).
ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or into which articles the substance might have been processed.

Widespread uses by professional workers of Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is used in the following products: perfumes and fragrances, washing & cleaning products and cosmetics and personal care products.
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is used in the following areas: health services.
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is used for the manufacture of: food products.
Other release to the environment of Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is likely to occur from: indoor use as processing aid.

Formulation or re-packing of Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products, perfumes and fragrances and washing & cleaning products.
Release to the environment of Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.

Uses at industrial sites of Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is used in the following products: perfumes and fragrances, washing & cleaning products and cosmetics and personal care products.
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is used for the manufacture of: .
Release to the environment of Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites.

Manufacture of Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride
ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is most likely to be released to the environment.

Synonyms:
1,1'-Hexamethylenebis(5-(p-chlorophenyl)biguanide) dihydrochloride
2,4,11,13-Tetraazatetradecanediimidamide, N,N'-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-, dihydrochloride
Arlacide H
AY-5312
Biguanide, 1,1'-hexamethylenebis(5-(p-chlorophenyl)-, dihydrochloride
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride
(1E)-2-[6-[[amino-[(E)-[amino-(4-chloroanilino)methylidene]amino]methylidene]amino]hexyl]-1-[amino-(4-chloroanilino)methylidene]guanidine;dihydrochloride
1,1´-(hexane-1,6-diyl)bis[5-(4-chlorophenyl)biguanide] dihydrochloride
1,1′-(Hexane-1,6-diyl)bis[5-(4-chlorophenyl)biguanide] dihydrochloride
Chlorhexidin dihydrochlorid
Chlorhexidine Dihydrochloride
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride
chlorhexidine dihydrochloride
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride
N',N'''''-hexane-1,6-diylbis[N-(4-chlorophenyl)(imidodicarbonimidic diamide)] dihydrochloride
N,N''''-1,6-Hexanediylbis[N'-(4-chlorophenyl)(imidodicarbonimidic diamide)] dihydrochloride
N-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-3-(6-{N-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)carbamimidamidomethanimidoyl]amino}hexyl)carbamimidamidomethanimidamide dihydrochloride
N-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-{N-[6-(N-{[N'-(4-chlorophenyl)carbamimidamido]methanimidoyl}amino)hexyl]carbamimidamido}methanimidamide dihydrochloride
Chlorhexidine Dihydrochloride
3697-42-5
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride
3697-42-5
CHLORHEXIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE
Chlorhexidine HCl
AY-5312
Dantroche hibitane
Chlorhexidine (dihydrochloride)
E64XL9U38K
NSC-756679
2,4,11,13-Tetraazatetradecanediimidamide, N,N''-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-, dihydrochloride
Arlacide H
Caswell No. 481F
Chlorhexidinium dichloride
N1,N14-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-2,4,11,13-Tetraazatetradecanediimidamide dihydrochloride
C22H32Cl4N10
EINECS 223-026-6
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 481700
UNII-E64XL9U38K
1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-[N-[6-[[N-[N-(4-chlorophenyl)carbamimidoyl]carbamimidoyl]amino]hexyl]carbamimidoyl]guanidine;dihydrochloride
Dantroche hibitane (TN)
1,1'-Hexamethylenebis(5-(p-chlorophenyl)biguanide) dihydrochloride
Biguanide, 1,1'-hexamethylenebis(5-(p-chlorophenyl)-, dihydrochloride
SCHEMBL3616
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloirde
Chlorhexidine hydrochloride [USAN:USP:BAN:JAN]
SPECTRUM1500177
CHEMBL1484251
DTXSID7047144
CHEBI:31393
HMS1920M21
HY-B1145
Tox21_302689
1,1'-Hexamethylene bis(5-(p-chlorophenyl)biguanide), dihydrochloride
CCG-38942
MFCD00068998
s3067
AKOS015895378
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride, >=98%
AC-4684
CS-4749
KS-5084
NSC 756679
Chlorhexidine hydrochloride (JP17/USP)
CHLORHEXIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE [JAN]
NCGC00094621-01
NCGC00094621-02
NCGC00256637-01
2,4,11,13-Tetraazatetradecanediimidamide, N,N'-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-, dihydrochloride
CHLORHEXIDINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE [MI]
CHLORHEXIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE [USAN]
CAS-3697-42-5
CHLORHEXIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE [MART.]
CHLORHEXIDINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE [INCI]
CHLORHEXIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE [WHO-DD]
CHLORHEXIDINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE [WHO-IP]
CHLORHEXIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE [GREEN BOOK]
D01345
697C425
A823488
CHLORHEXIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE [USP IMPURITY]
CHLORHEXIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE [USP MONOGRAPH]
CHLORHEXIDINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE [EP MONOGRAPH]
W-106576
1,1'-Hexamethylenebis[5-(4-chlorophenyl)biguanide] Dihydrochloride
1,1'-HEXAMETHYLENEBIS(5-(P-CHLOROPHENYL)BIGUANIDE)DIHYDROCHLORIDE
2,4,11,13-TEtraazatetradecanamide,14-[(4-chlorophenyl)amino]-3,12,14-triimino
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
Chlorhexidine Hydrochloride, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
(1E)-2-[6-[[amino-[(E)-[amino-(4-chloroanilino)methylidene]amino]methylidene]amino]hexyl]-1-[amino-(4-chloroanilino)methylidene]guanidine;dihydrochloride
2-[amino-[6-[[amino-[(E)-[amino-(4-chloroanilino)methylidene]amino]methylidene]amino]hexylimino]methyl]-1-(4-chlorophenyl)guanidine dihydrochloride
Chlorhexidine Dihydrochloride
1,1'-Hexamethylenebis(5-[p-chlorophenyl]biguanide)
1,6-Bis(N5-[p-chlorophenyl]-N1-biguanido)hexane
223-026-6 [EINECS]
3697-42-5 [RN]
Chlorhexidine 2HCl
Chlorhexidine HCl
Chlorhexidine hydrochloride [BAN] [JAN] [USAN]
Diamide N,N''''-1,6-hexanediylbis[N'-(4-chlorophényl)(imidodicarbonimidique)], dichlorhydrate [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
E64XL9U38K
Imidodicarbonimidic diamide, N,N''''-1,6-hexanediylbis[N'-(4-chlorophenyl)-, hydrochloride (1:2) [ACD/Index Name]
Lisium
MFCD00068998 [MDL number]
N,N''''-1,6-Hexandiylbis[N'-(4-chlorphenyl)(imidodikohlenstoffimiddiamid)]dihydrochlorid [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
N,N''''-1,6-Hexanediylbis[N'-(4-chlorophenyl)(imidodicarbonimidic diamide)] dihydrochloride [ACD/IUPAC Name]
N,N''''-Hexane-1,6-diylbis[N'-(4-chlorophenyl)(imidodicarbonimidic diamide)] dihydrochloride
UNII-E64XL9U38K
XA5285000
(1E)-2-[6-[[amino-[(E)-[amino-(4-chloroanilino)methylidene]amino]methylidene]amino]hexyl]-1-[amino-(4-chloroanilino)methylidene]guanidine
[3697-42-5] [RN]
1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-[N-[6-[[N-[N-(4-chlorophenyl)carbamimidoyl]carbamimidoyl]amino]hexyl]carbamimidoyl]guanidine dihydrochloride
1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-[N-[6-[[N-[N-(4-chlorophenyl)carbamimidoyl]carbamimidoyl]amino]hexyl]carbamimidoyl]guanidine;dihydrochloride
1,1?-Hexamethylenebis(5-[p-chlorophenyl]biguanide)
1,1'-Hexamethylene bis(5-(p-chlorophenyl)biguanide), dihydrochloride
1,1'-Hexamethylenebis(5-(p-chlorophenyl)biguanide) dihydrochloride
1,1'-Hexamethylenebis[5-(p-chlorophenyl)-biguanide]-, dihydrochloride
1308292-89-8 [RN]
2,4,11,13-TEtraazatetradecanamide, 14-[(4-chlorophenyl)amino]-3,12,14-triimino
2,4,11,13-Tetraazatetradecanediimidamide, N,N''-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-, dihydrochloride
2,4,11,13-Tetraazatetradecanediimidamide, N,N'-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-, dihydrochloride
2,4,11,13-Tetraazatetradecanediimidamide, N,N''-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-,dihydrochloride
2-[6-[[amino-[[amino-(4-chloroanilino)methylidene]amino]methylidene]amino]hexyl]-1-[amino-(4-chloroanilino)methylidene]guanidine and hydron and dichloride
2012598-75-1 [RN]
Arlacide H
Biguanide, 1,1'-hexamethylenebis(5-(p-chlorophenyl)-, dihydrochloride
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride|Lisium
Chlorhexidine hydrochloride (JP15/USAN) [JP15] [USAN]
chlorhexidine 2hcl
Chlorhexidinedihydrochloride
Chlorhexidinium dichloride
Dantroche hibitane [Trade name]
dihydrochloride
DIHYDROGEN CHLORHEXIDINE DICHLORIDE
hibitane [Trade name]
KS-5084
N-(4-CHLOROPHENYL)-1-{N`-[6-(N-{[N`-(4-CHLOROPHENYL)CARBAMIMIDAMIDO]METHANIMIDOYL}AMINO)HEXYL]CARBAMIMIDAMIDO}METHANIMIDAMIDE DIHYDROCHLORIDE
N,N??-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-2,4,11,13-tetraazatetradecanediimidamide dihydrochloride
N,N''-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-2,4,11,13-tetraazatetradecanediimidamide dihydrochloride
N1,N14-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-2,4,11,13-Tetraazatetradecanediimidamide dihydrochloride
N1,N14-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-2,4,11,13-tetraazatetradecanediimidamide, dihydrochloride
UNII:E64XL9U38K
AY-5312 [DBID]
Caswell No. 481F [DBID]
D01345 [DBID]
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 481700 [DBID]