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EC / List no.: 616-574-6
CAS no.: 7791-13-1
Physical Properties of Cobalt chloride
Blue leaflets; turns pink in moist air; hygroscopic; the dihydrate is violet blue crystal; the hexahydrate is pink monoclinic crystal; density 3.36, 2.48 and 1.92 g/cm3 for anhydrous salt, dihydrate and hexahydrate, respectively; anhydrous salt melts at 740°C and vaporizes at 1,049°C; vapor pressure 60 torr at 801°C; the hexahydrate decomposes at 87°C; the anhydrous salt and the hydrates are all soluble in water, ethanol, acetone, and ether; the solubility of hydrates in water is greater than the anhydrous salt.
Uses
Cobalt chloride hexahydrate has several applications.
Cobalt chloride hexahydrate is used in hygrometers; as a humidity indicator; as a temperature indicator in grinding; as a foam stabilizer in beer; in invisible ink; for painting on glass; in electroplating; and a catalyst in Grignard reactions, promoting coupling with an organic halide.
Cobalt chloride hexahydrate also is used to prepare several other cobalt salts; and in the manufacture of synthetic vitamin B12.
Preparation
Cobalt chloride hexahydrate is prepared by the action of cobalt metal or its oxide, hydroxide, or carbonate with hydrochloric acid:
Co(OH)2 + 2HCl → CoCl2 + 2H2O
The solution on concentration and cooling forms crystals of hexahydrate which on heating with SOCl2 dehydrates to anhydrous Cobalt chloride hexahydrate.
Alternatively, the hexahydrate may be converted to anhydrous CoCl2 by dehydration in a stream of hydrogen chloride and dried in vacuum at 100–150°C.
The anhydrous compound also may be obtained by passing chlorine over cobalt powder.
Reactions
Cobalt chloride hexahydrate undergoes many double decomposition reactions in aqueous solution to produce precipitates of insoluble cobalt salts.
For example, heating its solution with sodium carbonate yields cobalt(II) carbonate:
CoCl2 + Na2CO3 CoCO3 + 2NaCl
Reaction with alkali hydroxide produces cobalt(II) hydroxide:
CoCl2 + 2NaOH → Co(OH)2 + 2NaCl
Reaction with ammonium hydrogen phosphate yields cobalt(II) phosphate:
3CoCl2 + 2(NH4)2HPO4 → Co3(PO4)2 +4NH4Cl + 2HCl
While cobalt(II) fluoride is the product of the reaction of anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride with hydrofluoric acid, cobalt(III) fluoride is obtained from fluorination of an aqueous solution of cobalt(II) chloride.
Addition of potassium nitrite, KNO2 to a solution of cobalt(II) chloride yields yellow crystalline potassium hexanitrocobaltate(III), K3Co(NO2)6.
Uses
Used as APHA color standard.
Cobalt chloride hexahydrate can be used as an inducer of HIF-1 production used to study apoptotic effects in HepG2 cells.
Cobalt chloride hexahydrate can be used as Invisible ink; humidity and water indicator; in hygrometers; tempereture indicator in grinding; in electroplating; for painting on glass and porcelain; preparation of catalysts; fertilizer and feed additive; foam stabilizer in beer; as absorbent for military poison gas and ammonia; in manufacture of vitamin B12.
Definition
ChEBI: A hydrate of cobalt chloride containing cobalt (in +2 oxidation state), chloride and water moieties in the ratio 1:2:6.
Purification Methods
A saturated aqueous solution at room temperature is fractionally crystallised by standing overnight.
The first half of the material that crystallises in this way is used in the next crystallisation.
The process is repeated several times, water being removed in a dry-box using air filtered through glass wool and dried over CaCl2.
Cobalt chloride hexahydratehas also been crystallised from dilute aqueous HCl.
The hexahydrate m 86o forms pink to red deliquescent crystals.
Cobalt chloride hexahydrateloses 4H2O on heating at 52-56o and forms the violet dihydrate which loses a further H2O at 100o to form the violet monohydrate which loses the last H2O at 120-140o to give the pale blue anhydrous deliquescent salt m 735o and b 1049o.
A pink solution of CoCl2 in H2O becomes blue on heating to 50o or adding conc HCl which may precipitate the mono or dihydrate.
The solid dihydrate gives a blue-purple solution with EtOH.
Note: CoCl2 in H2O is a “sympathetic ink”, i.e. writing using an aqueous solution is almost invisible on paper, but becomes blue on warming the paper.
On cooling or standing, the writing becomes invisible again.
The anhydrous salt is soluble in H2O, EtOH, Et2O, Me2CO and pyridine.
Structure and conformation
The hexahydrate COCl2.6H2O forms monoclinic crystals in which each cobalt atom is surrounded by four water molecules at the corners of a distorted square (Co-H20 = .12 ?) and by two chlorine atoms (Co-Cl = 2.43 ?) to form a distorted octahedron.
The other two water molecules are not bonded directly to cobalt.
In the monoclinic dihydrate CoCl2.2H2O, the octahedral symmetry around the cobalt atom is maintained by the sharing of chlorine atoms between two cobalt atoms.
In the flattened octahedral structuress there are two Co-Cl distances of 2-450?, two of 2.478 ? and two Co-H2O distances of 2.040 ?.
Cobalt chloride hexahydrate is the most common form of this inorganic compound which is a deep rose color in the hydrated form.
The dramatic color change of blue-purple Cobalt(II) chloride (sc-252623) to the rose color when hydrated makes Cobalt(II) chloride an excellent indicator for water in dessicants.
As an inducer of HIF-1 production, Cobalt(II) chloride (CoCl2) has been used to study apoptotic effects in HepG2 cells.
Also reported as a stabilizer for reconstitution of the radiopharmaceutical technetium-99m exametazime.
CoCl2 has been used in studies to examine heat shock protein expression of inflamed skin.
Appearance :Crystalline
Physical State :Solid
Solubility :Soluble in water (970 g/ml at 20° C), acetone, ether, and alcohols.
Storage :Store at room temperature
Melting Point :°C
Density :1.92 g/cm3 at 20° C
Cobalt chloride hexahydrate is an excellent water soluble crystalline Cobalt source for uses compatible with chlorides.
Chloride compounds can conduct electricity when fused or dissolved in water.
Chloride materials can be decomposed by electrolysis to chlorine gas and the metal.
They are formed through various chlorination processes whereby at least one chlorine anion (Cl-) is covalently bonded to the relevant metal or cation.
Ultra high purity and proprietary formulations can be prepared. The chloride ion controls fluid equilibrium and pH levels in metabolic systems.
They can form either inorganic or organic compounds.
Cobalt Chloride hexahydrate is generally immediately available in most volumes.
Ultra high purity and high purity compositions improve both optical quality and usefulness as scientific standards.
Nanoscale elemental powders and suspensions, as alternative high surface area forms, may be considered.
We also produce Cobalt Chloride Solution.
American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade);
ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.
Typical and custom packaging is available.
Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Cobalt chloride hexahydrate is used as a humidity indicator in weather instruments.
Cobalt chloride hexahydratefinds use in electroplating of cobalt, in invisible ink, in organic chemistry and is a precursor to cobaltocene(bis (cyclopentadienyl) cobalt(II)).
Application Notes
Cobalt chloride an excellent indicator for water in dessicants.
As an inducer of HIF-1 production, Cobalt chloride (CoCl2) has been used to study apoptotic effects in HepG2 cells.
Also reported as a stabilizer for reconstitution of the radiopharmaceutical technetium-99m exametazime.
CoCl2 has been used in studies to examine heat shock protein expression of inflamed skin.
Usage Statement
Unless specified otherwise, MP Biomedical's products are for research or further manufacturing use only, not for direct human use.
For more information, please contact our customer service department.
Where is Cobalt chloride hexahydrate found?
Cobalt chloride hexahydrate is a metal used with other metals to make metal alloys.
Because cobalt and nickel can be found in many of the same metal products, allergies to both metals can develop.
To prevent this, consider wearing jewelry made of sterling silver or other precious metals, rather than costume jewelry.
Cobalt is frequently combined with nickel, and this may explain the fact that cosensitivity to these two metals is common.
Nickel-plated objects are reported to be the most common exposure.
What are some products that may contain cobalt (ii) chloride hexahydrate?
Artificial Joint Replacements
Bricks and Cement
Ceramic Paints (Blue Colors)
Clothing Fasteners
• Buckles
• Buttons
• Hooks
• Pins
• Rivets
• Snaps
• Zippers
Cosmetics
• Eyeshadow
Household Tools and Utensils
Hair Ornaments
Jewelry
Keys
Magnets
Orthopedic and Dental Implants and Dental Prosthesis
Paints/Enamels/Finishes (Blue Colors)
Pottery Glazes (Blue Colors)
Printing Inks
Spray Paint (Blue Colors)
Vitamin B12 Supplements
Wood Stains
APPLICATIONS
Crystallization grade Cobalt chloride hexahydrate for formulating screens or for optimization
FEATURES
Sterile filtered solution
Formulated in Type 1+ ultrapure water: 18.2 megaohm-cm resistivity at 25°C, < 5 ppb Total Organic Carbon, bacteria free (<1 Bacteria (CFU/ml)), pyrogen free (<0.03 Endotoxin (EU/ml)), RNase-free (< 0.01 ng/mL) and DNase-free (< 4 pg/µL)
DESCRIPTION
Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate
Synonyms: Cobaltous chloride hexahydrate
Cl2Co • 6H2O
Mr 237.93
CAS Number [7791-13-1]
EC Number 231-589-4
Merck 14,2437
RTECS GG0200000
MDL Number MFCD00149652
UN Number UN 3260 8/PG 2
Purity ≥ 98.0%
Appearance (Starting Material): Violet, Crystals
Appearance (Solution): Very deep red
Measured pH Range: 2.1 - 4.6 at 25°C
Measured Conductivity Range: 103.4 - 114.8 mS/cm at 25°C
What is Cobalt chloride hexahydrate and where is it found?
Cobalt is a silver-gray, magnetic, brittle metal which is used to produce blue colors in pottery, glass, porcelain and enamel and is also combined with other metals to make metal alloys.
The most common source of exposure is nickel- plated objects which always contain cobalt.
A positive reaction to cobalt therefore often accompanies nickel sensitivity.
Further research may identify additional product or industrial usages of this chemical.
What else is Cobalt chloride hexahydrate called?
This chemical can be identified by different names, including:
Cobalt Dichloride Hexahydrate, Cobalt Blue, Cobaltous , Cobaltous chloride, hexahydrate, Chloride Hexahydrate This may not be a complete list as manufacturers introduce and delete chemicals from their product lines
Use: Cobalt Chloride Hexahydrate is an excellent water soluble crystalline Cobalt source for uses compatible with chlorides.
Chloride compounds can conduct electricity when fused or dissolved in water.
Chloride materials can be decomposed by electrolysis to chlorine gas and the metal.
They are formed through various chlorination processes whereby at least one chlorine anion (Cl-) is covalently bonded to the relevant metal or cation.
Ultra high purity and proprietary formulations can be prepared.
The chloride ion controls fluid equilibrium and pH levels in metabolic systems.
They can form either inorganic or organic compounds.
Cobalt Chloride hexahydrate is generally immediately available in most volumes.
Ultra high purity and high purity compositions improve both optical quality and usefulness as scientific standards.
Nanoscale (See also Nanotechnology Information and Quantum Dots) elemental powders and suspensions, as alternative high surface area forms, may be considered.
We also produce Cobalt Chloride Solution.
American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.
Where is this allergen found?
Cobalt chloride hexahydrate is a metal used with other metals to make metal alloys.
Because cobalt and nickel can be found in many of the same metal products, allergies to both metals can develop.
To prevent this, consider wearing jewelry made of sterling silver or other precious metals, rather than costume jewelry.
Cobalt is frequently combined with nickel, and this may explain the fact that cosensitivity to these two metals is common. Nickel-plated objects are reported to be the most common exposure.
This product is suitable for plant tissue culture.
CAS NO.7791-13-1. No structural deformity observed, actively growing shoots, no toxicity to shoots.
No necrotic tissues, actively growing callus, no toxicity to callus.
Cultures conditions: Incubation period (5wks), Relative humidity (60±2%), Temperature (25±2ºC), Photoperiod Day: Night in hours (16:8).
IUPAC names
Cobalt (II) Chloride Hexahydrate
cobalt chloride hexahydrate food grade
Cobalt Chloride, Hexahydrate. Crystal, Reagent, ACS
Cobalt(2+) dichloride hexahydrate
cobalt(2+) dichloride hexahydrate
cobalt(2+);dichloride;hexahydrate
Cobalt(II) Chloride hexahydrate
Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate
Cobalt(II)-chloride hexahydrate
SYNONYMS:
Cobalt chloride hexahydrate
Cobalt dichloride hexahydrate
cobalt chloride hydrate
cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate
UNII-17AVG63ZBC
17AVG63ZBC
CHEBI:53503
cobalt(2+);dichloride;hexahydrate
Chlorek cobaltawy
Cobaltous chloride, hexahydrate
Cobalt chloride, hexahydrate
Chlorek cobaltawy [Polish]
CCRIS 7729
cobalt(2+) dichloride hexahydrate
Cobalt chloride (CoCl2), hexahydrate
Epitope ID:119681
Cobalt (ll) chloride hexahydrate
DTXSID20999109
Cobalt(II) chloride--water (1/7)
Cobalt(2+) chloride--water (1/2/6)
chlorekcobaltawy
Cobaltchloride(CoCl2)hexahydrate
Cobalt(III)chloride hexahydrate
COBALT(II) CHLORIDE 6 H2O
Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate, 99.999%
Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate, for analysis
Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate, reagent ACS
COBALT CHLORIDE, HEXAHYDRATE 99.999%
COBALT CHLORIDE, HEXAHYDRATE REAGENT (ACS)
Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate, Puratronic(R), 99.998% (metals basis)
COBALT CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE pure
COBALTOUS CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE extrapure AR
Cobalt Chloride, Hexahydrate, Crystal, Reagent
Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. Ph. Eur., 98-102%
Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate reagent grade
Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate Vetec(TM) reagent grade
COBALT CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE PLANT CELLCU LTURE TEST
COBALT(II) CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE, 98%, A. C.S. REAGENT
COBALT(II) CHLORIDE-6-HYDRATE R. G.,REAG . ACS, REAG. ISO, REAG. PH. EUR.
COBALT(II) CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE 98% &
COBALT CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE CELLCULTURE TESTED
COBALTOUS CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE, CRYSTALL IZED
COBALT(II) CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE REAGEN&
CobaltChloride6H2OAcs
Cobalt(Ii)ChlorideGr(Hexahydrate)
CobaltousChlorideAr
Cobalt(Ii)ChlorideHexahydrateExtraPure
Cobalt(Ii)ChlorideA.R.
Cobalt(Ii)ChlorideGrHexahydrate-(CobaltousChlorideHexahydrateGr)
Cobalt(Ii)ChlorideExtraPureHexahydrate-(CobaltousChlorideHexahydrate)
Cobalt(Ii)ChlorideExtraPure(Hexahydrate)
Cobalt(II)chloridehexahydrate,ACS,98.0-102.0%
Cobalt(II)chloridehexahydrate,98%
Cobalt(II)chloridehexahydrate,99.9%(metalsbasis)
Cobalt(II)chloridehexahydrate(99.999%-Co)PURATREM
cobalt(ii) chloride hexahydrate, acs
cobalt(ii) chloride hexahydrate, puratronic
COBALTCHLORIDE,HEXAHYDRATE,CRYSTAL,REAGENT,ACS
COBALT (II) CHLORIDE 6H2O FREE
G418 ANTIBIOTIC SOLUTION
KIT PLASMID DNA MAG-BIND MINI 5 TESTS
cobalt (Ⅱ) chlorde,hydrous
Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate, 99.9% trace metals basis
Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate, 99.995% trace metals basis
COBALT CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE CELLCULT
COBALT CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE PLANT CE
Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate≥ 99.998% (23.0-25.0 % Cobalt content)
cobalt chloride hydrate
Cobalt(Ii) Chloride Hexahydrate, Reag. Ph. Eur.
Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate, For analysis ACS
cobaltdichloridehexahydrate
cobaltouschloride,aqueoussolution
Cobalt chlordie
COBALT CHLORIDE, 6-HYDRATE
COBALT CHLORIDE, HEXAHYDRATE
COBALT CHLORIDE PURPUREO
COBALT (II) CHLORIDE, HYDROUS
COBALT(II) CHLORIDE-6-HYDRATE
