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Copovidone PVP VA 64 is a synthetic, non-ionic 6:4 copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate that combines the hydrophilicity of PVP with the film-forming flexibility and adhesion of vinyl acetate.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations as a tablet binder and matrix polymer for wet granulation, dry granulation, direct compression, and solid dispersions, improving tablet strength, content uniformity, and the bioavailability of poorly soluble drug substances.
In cosmetic and personal care applications, Copovidone PVP VA 64 acts as a high-performance film former in hair styling products, providing transparent, flexible, humidity-resistant films with good hold and easy water removability.
CAS Number: 25086-89-9
EC Number: 607-600-6
Molecular Formula: (C6H9NO)m(C4H6O2)n
Synonyms: Copovidone, CHEBI:78913, Poly(vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl-acetate), RefChem:919004, Vinyl acetate-1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone polymer, poly(V-co-V-Ac), poly(vinyl pyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate), Kollidon va 64, PVP-VA, E 335, PVP VA64, PVPVA 64, 25086-89-9, Polectron 845, Luviskol VA 28I, Luviskol VA 37E, Luviskol VA 64, Kolima 10, Kolima 35, ethenyl acetate;1-ethenylpyrrolidin-2-one, Gantron S 860, PVP-VA, Ganex E 535, GAF-S 630, Luviskol VA 281, Luviskol VA 28 I, Luviskol VA 37 E, I 535, I 635, I 735, S 630, MFCD00134018, Luviskol VA-64, SCHEMBL29127, Copovidone (Technical Grade), vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate, Vinyl Pyrrolidone/Vinyl Acetate, N-vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate, 1-vinylpyrrolidone vinyl acetate, BCP31918, NSC114023, NSC114024, NSC114025, NSC114026, AKOS015898247, NSC-114023, NSC-114024, NSC-114025, NSC-114026, 1-ethenylpyrrolidin-2-one; ethenyl acetate, ethenyl ethanoate; 1-ethenylpyrrolidin-2-one, FT-0659810, A817635, acetic acid ethenyl ester; 1-ethenyl-2-pyrrolidinone, 733045-73-3
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is a synthetic copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and vinyl acetate (VA), typically in a 60:40 ratio, designed to combine the hydrophilicity of PVP with the film-forming and flexibility properties of vinyl acetate.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 structure provides excellent solubility in water and many organic solvents while offering superior binding, film strength, and adhesion characteristics compared to homopolymeric PVP.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations as a binder in wet and dry granulation, where it improves tablet hardness, mechanical strength, and content uniformity without negatively affecting disintegration.
Copovidone PVP VA 64's strong film-forming ability and good plasticity make it particularly suitable for solid oral dosage forms, capsules, and controlled-release systems.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 also enhances the solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble active ingredients through solid dispersion formation.
In cosmetic and personal care applications, Copovidone PVP VA 64 functions as a high-performance film former and fixative, providing flexible, transparent, and humidity-resistant films.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is commonly used in hair styling products such as sprays, gels, and mousses, where it delivers long-lasting hold, good curl retention, and improved resistance to moisture while maintaining ease of removal with water.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 possesses excellent powder and film properties for broad application in the pharmaceutical field.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is a white or slightly yellowish, free-flowing powder with a faint characteristic odor and practically no taste.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 readily dissolves in all hydrophilic solvents.
Solutions of more than 10 % concentration can be prepared in water, ethanol, isopropanol, methylene chloride, glycerol and propylene glycol.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is less soluble in ether, cyclic, aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is a 6:4 linear random copolymer of N-vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate.
The vinyl acetate component of Copovidone PVP VA 64 reduces the hydrophilicity and glass transition temperature (Tg) compared to povidone homopolymers of similar molecular weight.
As a result, Copovidone PVP VA 64 is the ultimate tablet binder that extends its excellent adhesive property in wet granulation, as well as in dry granulation and direct compression.
Due to its spherical, hollow particle morphology and high plasticity, Copovidone PVP VA 64 performs exceptionally well as a binder for direct compression.
In addition, a lower Tg makes Copovidone PVP VA 64 an ideal polymer matrix for solid dispersions/solutions via hot melt extrusion, which enhances the dissolution of poorly soluble drug actives.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is a synthetic, non-ionic copolymer composed of vinylpyrrolidone (VP) and vinyl acetate (VA) in an approximate 60:40 molar ratio, engineered to combine the hydrophilicity of polyvinylpyrrolidone with the film-forming flexibility and adhesion of vinyl acetate.
This copolymeric structure results in a material with excellent solubility in water and many polar organic solvents, while offering superior mechanical strength, elasticity, and moisture resistance compared to homopolymeric PVP.
In pharmaceutical applications, Copovidone PVP VA 64 is widely used as a binder in wet and dry granulation processes, where it improves granule formation, tablet hardness, and content uniformity without adversely affecting disintegration or dissolution.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is also employed as a film former and matrix polymer in solid oral dosage forms, including tablets and capsules.
Due to its ability to form solid dispersions, Copovidone PVP VA 64 can enhance the solubility, dissolution rate, and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients, making it a valuable excipient in modern drug delivery systems.
In cosmetic and personal care formulations, Copovidone PVP VA 64 functions as a high-performance film-forming and fixing polymer.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is commonly incorporated into hair styling products such as sprays, gels, mousses, and creams, where it provides strong yet flexible hold, good curl retention, and improved resistance to humidity.
The films formed are transparent, non-tacky, and easily washable with water, contributing to favorable sensory properties and consumer acceptance.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is chemically stable under normal storage conditions, non-ionic, and compatible with a wide range of active ingredients and formulation components.
Copovidone PVP VA 64's balanced combination of solubility, film-forming ability, mechanical strength, and formulation versatility makes it a preferred excipient and functional polymer in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and technical applications requiring reliable performance and high formulation flexibility.
Uses of Copovidone PVP VA 64:
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations as a binder in wet and dry granulation, where it improves tablet hardness, mechanical strength, and content uniformity.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is also applied as a film former and matrix polymer in tablets and capsules, including solid dispersion systems to enhance the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble active ingredients.
In cosmetic and personal care products, Copovidone PVP VA 64 functions as a high-performance film former and fixative in hair styling products such as sprays, gels, mousses, and creams, providing strong yet flexible hold and good humidity resistance.
Additionally, Copovidone PVP VA 64 is used in technical and specialty formulations as a binding, coating, or adhesion-promoting polymer where clarity, film strength, and formulation stability are required.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is a water-soluble polymer used to improve the uptake and drug loading of various pharmaceutical agents, including contraceptive patches.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is used as a tablet binder, a film-former, and as part of the matrix material used in controlled-release formulations.
In tableting, Copovidone PVP VA 64 can be used as a binder for direct compression and as a binder in wet granulation.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is often added to coating solutions as a film-forming agent.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 provides good adhesion, elasticity, and hardness, and can be used as a moisture barrier.
Applications in Pharmaceutical Formulations or Technology:
Copovidone PVP VA 64 was developed as an improvement over Povidone (binder).
Copovidone PVP VA 64's favourable technical properties, namely better flowability, lower hygroscopicity, spherical particle shape, plasticity, lower glass-transition temperature, and hydrophobic–hydrophilic balance, rendered Copovidone highly advantageous in direct compression and roller-compaction tabletting operations.
While Copovidone PVP VA 64 is still used as a dry binder (for direct compression and roller compression), Copovidone PVP VA 64's main utility is as a matrix former for the development of solid dispersions, film former (especially in the formulation of moisture-barrier coatings), and as a matrice former for sustained-release solid dosage forms.
Binder in Tablets:
Copovidone PVP VA 64 performs superbly as a dry binder for direct compression applications.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is particularly preferred for formulations susceptible to capping due to its plasticity.
Finer grades have demonstrated superior binding performance compared with either Copovidone PVP VA 64 and Cellulose-based polymers.
Formulations developed with Copovidone PVP VA 64 show a direct relationship between tablet hardness, friability, porosity and disintegration with the applied compaction force.
Binder in Wet Granulation:
The high solubility of Copovidone PVP VA 64 in water and standard granulation liquids makes it as an ideal binder in wet granulation operations.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 may be added either as a solution or in the form of a dry powder followed by the addition of the granulating solvent or a combination of both.
Copovidone PVP VA 64, owing to its low hygroscopicity, allows greater predictable granulation endpoints and its granules have a much less propensity to stick to tooling, even when conducted under less favourable conditions.
Roller Compression:
Copovidone PVP VA 64 has been shown to be particularly well-suited for use in roller compaction.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is an excipient of choice when particle size distribution and particle shape considerations are critical during roller compression process design.
Owing to its spherical shape and fine size Copovidone PVP VA 64 gives better surface coverage and develops multiple bridges that lead to hard tablets with a reduced friability.
Film-Coating Film Former:
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is a film former and it soluble membranes whose solubility is independent of pH. Copovidone PVP VA 64 films are also less hygroscopic, but more flexible compared with those formed by Povidone.
For best results, Copovidone PVP VA 64’s used in combination with other film-forming polymers that are less hygroscopic.
Due to Copovidone PVP VA 64's flexibility, a plasticizer is not required.
Polymer for Amorphous Solid Dispersions:
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is a suitable polymer for developing amorphous solid dispersions that are both kinetically and thermodynamically stable.
Both spray-drying and hot melt extrusion approaches can be reliably used.
Features of Copovidone PVP VA 64:
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is a non-ionic copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate with a balanced hydrophilic–lipophilic character, providing excellent solubility in water and many polar organic solvents.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 exhibits strong film-forming ability, producing clear, flexible, and non-tacky films with good adhesion and mechanical strength.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 offers good plasticity and elasticity, which improves tablet integrity in pharmaceutical applications and flexibility in cosmetic films.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 shows good compatibility with a wide range of active ingredients and excipients, stable performance under normal storage conditions, and reliable functionality across different formulation systems.
Production of Copovidone PVP VA 64:
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is produced by free-radical copolymerization of vinylpyrrolidone (VP) and vinyl acetate (VA) in a controlled ratio, typically around 60:40.
Copovidone PVP VA 64ization is carried out in suitable solvents under carefully controlled temperature, pressure, and initiator conditions to achieve the desired molecular weight distribution and copolymer composition.
Reaction parameters are optimized to ensure uniform incorporation of both monomers and consistent polymer properties.
After completion of the polymerization, the resulting copolymer solution undergoes purification and solvent removal steps to eliminate unreacted monomers, initiator residues, and low-molecular-weight fractions.
The purified copolymer is then isolated, commonly by precipitation or spray drying, to obtain a free-flowing solid powder.
Final processing steps include drying, milling, and sieving, followed by quality control testing to verify specifications such as molecular weight, K-value (approximately 64), solubility, and residual monomer content.
The finished Copovidone PVP VA 64 is packaged under controlled conditions to protect it from moisture and contamination, ensuring consistent performance in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and technical applications.
Stability and Reactivity of Copovidone PVP VA 64:
Chemical Stability:
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is chemically stable under normal ambient temperatures and recommended storage conditions and does not undergo hazardous polymerization.
Reactivity:
Copovidone PVP VA 64 is largely inert and non-reactive under normal conditions.
Copovidone PVP VA 64 may degrade slowly under prolonged exposure to strong oxidizing agents or excessive heat.
Conditions to Avoid:
Avoid excessive heat, prolonged exposure to direct sunlight, and strong oxidizing environments.
Incompatible Materials:
Strong oxidizing agents.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Thermal decomposition may generate carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides, and organic vapors.
Handling and Storage of Copovidone PVP VA 64:
Safe Handling:
Handle in well-ventilated areas using standard industrial hygiene practices.
Avoid generating excessive dust and prevent unnecessary contact with eyes.
Hygiene Measures:
Wash hands after handling.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke in processing areas.
Storage Requirements:
Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place.
Protect from moisture uptake.
Packaging Integrity:
Keep containers sealed when not in use to prevent contamination and humidity exposure.
Shelf Stability:
Stable for extended periods when stored dry at room temperature.
First Aid Measures of Copovidone PVP VA 64:
Inhalation:
Move the exposed person to fresh air.
Seek medical attention if respiratory irritation persists.
Skin Contact:
Wash skin with water and mild soap.
Generally non-irritating; seek medical advice if irritation develops.
Eye Contact:
Rinse eyes cautiously with clean water for several minutes.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do.
Seek medical attention if discomfort persists.
Ingestion:
Rinse mouth with water.
No specific treatment is generally required; seek medical advice if symptoms occur.
Firefighting Measures of Copovidone PVP VA 64:
Flammability:
Combustible solid; dust may form explosive mixtures with air under extreme conditions.
Suitable Extinguishing Media:
Water spray, foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.
Hazardous Combustion Products:
Carbon oxides and nitrogen oxides.
Special Protective Equipment for Firefighters:
Self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing.
Specific Hazards:
Avoid inhalation of smoke and decomposition fumes.
Accidental Release Measures of Copovidone PVP VA 64:
Personal Precautions:
Avoid dust generation and inhalation.
Ensure adequate ventilation and wear appropriate personal protective equipment.
Environmental Precautions:
No special environmental hazards; prevent large releases to drains as a precaution.
Cleanup Methods:
Sweep up mechanically or vacuum using HEPA-filter equipment.
Avoid creating airborne dust.
Collect in suitable containers for disposal.
Additional Advice:
Dispose of in accordance with local regulations.
Exposure Controls / Personal Protective Equipment of Copovidone PVP VA 64:
Engineering Controls:
Provide adequate general ventilation; local exhaust ventilation recommended where dust may be generated.
Respiratory Protection:
Dust mask or particulate respirator if dust levels exceed occupational limits.
Hand Protection:
Protective gloves recommended for prolonged handling.
Eye Protection:
Safety glasses or goggles.
Skin and Body Protection:
Standard work clothing.
Environmental Exposure Controls:
Standard containment and good housekeeping practices are sufficient.
Identifiers of Copovidone PVP VA 64:
Product Name: Copovidone PVP VA 64
Chemical Name: Poly(vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate)
Common Name: Copovidone
Synonyms: PVP/VA Copolymer, Vinylpyrrolidone–Vinyl Acetate Copolymer
CAS Number: 25086-89-9
EC / EINECS Number: 607-600-6
INCI Name: VP/VA Copolymer
Molecular Formula: (C₆H₉NO)ₘ(C₄H₆O₂)ₙ
Molecular Weight: Variable (polymeric)
Chemical Family: Synthetic Polymers – Vinyl Copolymers
Product Type: Pharmaceutical Excipient, Film Former, Binder, Fixative Polymer
CAS No.: 25086-89-9
EC No.: 607-540-1
INCI/Chemical Name: Copovidone Ph. Eur
CAS Number: 25086-89-9
SKU: BP129793
Properties of Copovidone PVP VA 64:
Density: 1.27 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Refractive index: 1.4300 to 1.4380
Fp: 72 °F
Solubility: Greater than 10% solubility in 1,4-butanediol, glycerol, butanol, chloroform, dichloromethane, ethanol (95%), glycerol, methanol, polyethylene glycol 400, propan-2-ol, propanol, propylene glycol, and water.
Less than 1% solubility in cyclohexane, diethyl ether, liquid paraffin, and pentane.
Form: powder
Color: White
Stability: Stable. Combustible, especially in powdered form.
Incompatible with strong oxidising agents, strong reducing agents.
EPA Substance Registry System: Copovidone PVP VA 64 (25086-89-9)
INCI: VP/VA Copolymer
Solubility: Water (Heats accelerates hydration)
Use rate: 0.5 – 6.0% (Recommended use rate 3.0 – 5.0% for gels, creams, mousses and styling lotions)
Temperature tolerance: Avoid temperatures above 80°C
pH Stability: 4.0 – 7.0
Appearance: white to slightly yellowish, fine to coarse grained powder.
Assay: 60% VP (vinylpyrrolidone) / 40% VA (vinyl acetate) is available in powder form.
Storage: Store in a cool, dark, and dry place
A natural, biodegradable physical exfoliant, fine enough for gentle, facial abrassion
Physical State: Solid powder
Appearance: White to off-white, free-flowing powder
Odor: Odorless to faint characteristic odor
Chemical Nature: Non-ionic copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate
K-Value: Approximately 64
Solubility in Water: Freely soluble
Solubility in Organic Solvents: Soluble in ethanol, isopropanol, and other polar organic solvents; insoluble in non-polar solvents
pH (5% aqueous solution): Approximately 5.0–7.0
Glass Transition Temperature (Tg): Approximately 100–110 °C
Bulk Density: Low to moderate (grade dependent)
Film-Forming Properties: Forms clear, flexible, non-tacky films with good adhesion
Hygroscopicity: Moderately hygroscopic
Thermal Stability: Stable under normal processing and storage conditions
Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of active ingredients, excipients, plasticizers, and surfactants
MeSH Entry Terms of Copovidone PVP VA 64:
poly(vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl-acetate)
PVP-VA
copovidone
poly(V-co-V-Ac)
poly(vinyl pyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate)
