Quick Search
Decyl Glucoside is a nonionic, glucose-based surfactant commercially supplied mainly as an aqueous mixture of alkyl glucosides and oligoglucosides.
Decyl Glucoside combines a water-attracting carbohydrate group with a water-repelling fatty-alcohol-derived chain, providing cleansing, wetting, foaming, and emulsion-stabilizing functions.
Decyl Glucoside serves principally as a primary surfactant or co-surfactant in personal-care cleansers, with additional applications in selected detergent formulations.
CAS Number: 68515-73-1, commonly used for the commercial octyl/decyl oligoglucoside component; complete product composition is grade dependent
EC Number: 500-220-1, corresponding to CAS 68515-73-1
Molecular Formula: Variable for commercial alkyl glucoside mixtures
Molecular Weight: Variable; dependent on alkyl-chain distribution and degree of glucoside oligomerization
Decyl D-Glucoside CAS Number: 54549-25-6
Decyl D-Glucoside EC Number: 259-218-1
Decyl D-Glucoside Molecular Formula: C₁₆H₃₂O₆
Decyl D-Glucoside Molecular Weight: 320.42 g/mol; applicable to the individual monoglucoside, rather than the complete commercial mixture
Synonyms: Decyl polyglucoside, decyl polyglucose, decyl polyglycoside, decyloctyl glucoside, octyldecyl glucoside, D-glucopyranose oligomers decyl octyl glycosides, octyl/decyl polyglucoside, C8–C10 alkyl polyglucoside, C8–C10 alkyl polyglycoside, C8–C10 fatty alcohol glucoside, alkyl polyglucoside, alkyl polyglycoside, APG, alkyl glucoside, fatty alcohol glucoside, glucose-based surfactant, sugar-based surfactant, carbohydrate-based surfactant, glucoside surfactant, glycoside surfactant, nonionic surfactant, nonionic detergent, nonionic cleansing agent, nonionic foaming agent, nonionic wetting agent, nonionic co-surfactant, emulsion-stabilizing surfactant, cosmetic cleansing surfactant, personal-care cleansing agent, alkyl glucoside detergent, Decyl beta-D-Glucoside, n-Decyl Glucoside, Decyl b-D-Glucopyranoside, beta-D-Glucopyranoside Decyl, beta-D-Glucoside Decyl, 1-O-Decyl-beta-D-Glucopyranoside, N-Decyl-beta-Glucoside, Decyl beta-D-Gluco-hexopyranoside, (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(Decyloxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol, (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-Decoxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol, 58846-77-8, 59947-99-8, EC 261-469-7, EINECS 261-469-7, DTXSID2041208, UNII-Z17H97EA6Y, Z17H97EA6Y, CHEMBL1213555, J278.587K, SCHEMBL43334, JDRSMPFHFNXQRB-IBEHDNSVSA-N, Tox21_301937, AKOS016013232, DD06357, HY-W127628
APPLICATIONS
Decyl Glucoside serves as a cleansing surfactant in shampoos, helping remove sebum and other oily deposits from hair and the scalp.
Decyl Glucoside promotes contact between the aqueous shampoo phase and hydrophobic soil through its amphiphilic molecular structure.
Additionally, Decyl Glucoside contributes foam and can function alongside other surfactants in a blended cleansing system.
Decyl Glucoside requires formulation-specific assessment of cleansing strength, rinsing behavior, viscosity, and scalp compatibility.
Decyl Glucoside provides cleansing and foaming functions in shower gels, body washes, and bath preparations.
Decyl Glucoside helps disperse oily skin residues into the wash water so that they can be removed during rinsing.
Moreover, Decyl Glucoside can operate as either a base surfactant or a secondary surfactant, depending on the composition of the cleansing system.
Decyl Glucoside performs within a finished formulation whose pH, surfactant concentration, and other ingredients determine overall skin compatibility.
Decyl Glucoside contributes to facial washes and other cosmetic cleansing preparations through its wetting and detergency functions.
Decyl Glucoside supports the removal of surface oil and cosmetic residues when incorporated into an appropriately balanced cleanser.
In addition, Decyl Glucoside appears in products intended for sensitive skin, although that positioning requires evaluation of the finished formulation.
Decyl Glucoside can cause allergic contact dermatitis in susceptible individuals, so sensitive-skin positioning does not establish universal tolerance.
Decyl Glucoside functions as a surfactant component in liquid hand washes and related hand-cleansing products.
Decyl Glucoside assists the wetting of skin and the suspension of loosened soil during washing.
Additionally, Decyl Glucoside contributes to the foam characteristics of blended hand-cleansing systems.
Decyl Glucoside supplies a cleansing function, while any antimicrobial claim requires separately substantiated active ingredients and applicable regulatory compliance.
Decyl Glucoside is incorporated into selected cleansing-wipe liquids to provide wetting and soil-removal functions.
Decyl Glucoside helps the aqueous lotion contact oily residues that would otherwise be difficult to remove with water alone.
Moreover, Decyl Glucoside allows formulators to introduce nonionic cleansing activity into a wipe-compatible liquid system.
Decyl Glucoside requires careful concentration selection and finished-product assessment because wipe applications can leave surfactant residues on the skin.
Decyl Glucoside serves as a surfactant ingredient in selected toothpaste and oral-cleansing formulations.
Decyl Glucoside contributes wetting and dispersion within the formulation and can participate in its foaming system.
In addition, Decyl Glucoside offers a nonionic surfactant option when the other oral-care ingredients and intended performance support its selection.
Decyl Glucoside suitability for oral care depends on the exact grade, impurity profile, finished-product safety assessment, and applicable regulatory requirements.
Decyl Glucoside contributes to emulsion stabilization in selected cosmetic formulations through its activity at interfaces.
Decyl Glucoside also occurs as a stabilizing surfactant in certain dispersions of the particulate organic ultraviolet filter methylene bis-benzotriazolyl tetramethylbutylphenol.
Additionally, Decyl Glucoside supports the dispersion system rather than providing the ultraviolet-filtering function itself.
Decyl Glucoside selection for sunscreen or other leave-on products requires assessment of the complete formulation, including contact-allergy considerations and regional cosmetic requirements.
Decyl Glucoside participates in selected household and institutional detergent systems, including all-purpose surface cleaners.
Decyl Glucoside supplies nonionic wetting and detergency that help water-based formulations contact and remove oily soil.
Moreover, Decyl Glucoside can work alongside other surfactants and formulation additives to achieve the required cleaning performance.
Decyl Glucoside grades intended for cleaning applications must be selected against the required concentration, foam behavior, surface compatibility, and supplier specifications.
DESCRIPTION
Decyl Glucoside is a commercial ingredient designation that can cover mixtures rather than a single molecular species.
Decyl Glucoside commonly includes octyl and decyl glucosides together with glucose oligomers of varying chain length.
Additionally, Decyl Glucoside grades may contain longer-chain alkyl glucosides, so the complete composition must be established from the individual product documentation.
Decyl Glucoside should therefore be distinguished from the individual decyl D-glucoside molecule when assigning molecular formula, molecular weight, or analytical identity.
Decyl Glucoside belongs to the alkyl glucoside family of nonionic surfactants.
Decyl Glucoside contains carbohydrate hydroxyl groups and glycosidic linkages associated with an alkyl group derived from a fatty alcohol.
Moreover, Decyl Glucoside obtains its surface activity from the combination of a hydrophilic glucoside portion and a hydrophobic hydrocarbon portion.
Decyl Glucoside is manufactured through reaction of glucose or glucose-derived carbohydrates with fatty alcohols, with feedstock origin and final composition dependent on the manufacturing route.
Decyl Glucoside commercial concentrates generally appear as viscous, pale-yellow to yellow liquids that may be clear or cloudy.
Decyl Glucoside aqueous grades dissolve in water, while viscosity and appearance depend on concentration, temperature, and composition.
In addition, Decyl Glucoside can contain approximately half its mass as water in some established commercial grades.
Decyl Glucoside aqueous mixtures have no single molecular melting point or universally applicable boiling point, and pure-monoglucoside values should not be assigned to them.
Decyl Glucoside grade specifications may differ in active matter, water content, alkyl-chain distribution, color, residual alkalinity, and viscosity.
Decyl Glucoside can be supplied at an alkaline pH even though its surfactant structure is nonionic.
Additionally, Decyl Glucoside may thicken or separate during storage, with acceptable recovery procedures governed by the particular grade.
Decyl Glucoside is stable under recommended conditions but should be protected from incompatible chemicals and temperatures outside its specified storage range.
Decyl Glucoside concentrated grades can cause serious eye damage, and some grades are additionally classified as skin irritants.
Decyl Glucoside has documented contact-allergy potential in susceptible users, which is distinct from the workplace classification assigned to an individual concentrate.
Moreover, Decyl Glucoside commercial grades may meet ready-biodegradability criteria without being suitable for uncontrolled environmental discharge.
Decyl Glucoside workplace labeling, environmental classification, and protective measures must follow the current regional supplier safety data sheet for the exact grade.
PROPERTIES
Product Name: Decyl Glucoside
INCI Name: Decyl Glucoside
Chemical Family: Alkyl glucosides and alkyl polyglucosides
Functional Class: Nonionic surfactant
Commercial Composition: Grade-dependent mixture of alkyl monoglucosides, oligoglucosides, water, and any specified auxiliaries
Common Commercial Component CAS Number: 68515-73-1
Common Commercial Component EC Number: 500-220-1
Commercial Component Index Name: D-Glucopyranose, oligomers, decyl octyl glycosides
Additional Component in Some Grades: C10–C16 alkyl glucosides, CAS 110615-47-9; EC 600-975-8
Molecular Formula: Variable for the commercial mixture
Molecular Weight: Variable for the commercial mixture
Individual Decyl D-Glucoside Formula: C₁₆H₃₂O₆
Individual Decyl D-Glucoside Molecular Weight: 320.42 g/mol
Individual Decyl D-Glucoside Systematic Name: (3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(Decyloxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
Physical State: Viscous liquid for common aqueous commercial grades
Appearance: Pale-yellow to yellow; clear or cloudy, depending on grade
Representative Active Matter: 51–55% by mass in a published commercial grade
Representative Water Content: 45–49% by mass in the same grade
Representative Dynamic Viscosity: 1,000–6,000 mPa·s at 20°C, Höppler method, DIN 53015
Representative pH: 11.5–12.5, measured as 20% product in 15% aqueous isopropanol for a published grade; not a universal neat-product value
Representative Storage Range: 10–40°C for that grade; other grades can specify different limits
Representative Density: Approximately 1.10 g/cm³ at 25°C for an aqueous commercial grade
Water Solubility: Soluble for common aqueous grades
Melting Point: No single intrinsic value for the commercial mixture
Boiling Point: No universal value for the commercial mixture
Vapor Pressure: No verified universal value
Flash Point: Grade and method dependent; consult the exact product SDS
Primary Industrial Functions: Cleansing, wetting, foaming, co-surfactancy, and emulsion stabilization
Major Applications: Shampoos, body washes, facial cleansers, liquid hand washes, cleansing wipes, selected toothpastes, cosmetic dispersions, and detergents
GHS Classification: Common concentrates carry Serious Eye Damage Category 1; some also carry Skin Irritation Category 2
Hazard Statements: H318—Causes serious eye damage; H315—Causes skin irritation, where applicable
Signal Word: Danger for grades classified as causing serious eye damage
Environmental Classification: Grade and jurisdiction dependent; some SDSs include H402—Harmful to aquatic life
Biodegradability: Ready biodegradability reported for established commercial grades
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents; assess strong acids and bases against grade-specific documentation
Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and irritating decomposition fumes
Transport Status: Common documented grades are not regulated as dangerous goods; verify the current SDS
UN Number: Not assigned for grades not regulated as dangerous goods
Transport Class: Not applicable for those grades
Packing Group: Not applicable for those grades
Shelf Life: Grade, purity, packaging, storage conditions, and manufacturer dependent
Regulatory Suitability: Cosmetic and oral-care suitability depends on the exact grade, intended use, finished formulation, and applicable requirements
FIRST AID
Inhalation:
Move the affected person to fresh air after exposure to mist or aerosol.
Seek medical advice if symptoms persist, and obtain urgent assistance for breathing difficulty.
Skin Contact:
Remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected skin thoroughly with water.
Obtain medical advice if irritation or a rash develops.
Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
Eye Contact:
Immediately rinse with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids apart.
Remove contact lenses if easy to do and continue rinsing.
Obtain urgent medical attention because concentrated grades can cause serious eye damage.
Ingestion:
Rinse the mouth.
Do not induce vomiting.
Contact a poison center or physician for advice, particularly if symptoms occur or a significant quantity was swallowed.
Note to Physicians:
Treat symptomatically, with particular attention to eye injury and skin irritation.
Provide the exact product SDS and exposure details.
HANDLING AND STORAGE
Handling:
Avoid contact with concentrated Decyl Glucoside, particularly splashes into the eyes.
Use controlled transfers and handle containers carefully.
Wash hands after handling and before eating or drinking.
Engineering Controls:
Provide adequate workplace ventilation.
Use local extraction where spraying or other operations generate mist.
Keep suitable eyewash facilities accessible.
Personal Protection:
Wear chemical-resistant gloves, protective clothing, and chemical splash goggles.
Add a face shield for operations with a substantial splash risk.
Select glove materials against the actual formulation and expected contact conditions.
Respiratory Protection:
Routine enclosed handling of liquid grades generally does not require respiratory protection where ventilation is adequate.
Use suitable respiratory protection when mist exposure cannot be adequately controlled, following the workplace assessment.
Storage:
Keep containers tightly closed in a cool location.
Follow the temperature range specified for the exact grade; 10–40°C is one documented commercial range.
Protect against contamination and unapproved dilution.
Restore uniformity after permitted separation only according to supplier instructions.
Material Compatibility:
Use approved packaging and equipment materials.
HDPE and specified stainless-steel grades are documented options for certain commercial products.
Separate from strong oxidizing agents and assess compatibility with strong acids or bases.
Spill and Leak Procedures:
Restrict access because spilled surfactant can make floors slippery.
Wear appropriate protection, contain the spill, and absorb small quantities with suitable material.
Collect residues in labeled containers and retain contaminated cleaning water.
Environmental Precautions:
Prevent uncontrolled discharge to drains, soil, groundwater, or surface water.
Ready biodegradability does not remove the need for containment and controlled disposal.
Fire Response:
Use extinguishing media appropriate to the surrounding fire and the product SDS.
Firefighters should wear suitable protective equipment and self-contained breathing apparatus.
Contain contaminated firefighting water.
Waste Disposal:
Dispose of unused concentrate, absorbents, rinsates, and contaminated packaging through authorized waste-management routes.
Determine the applicable waste classification from the product composition, process contamination, and local requirements.
