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Diammonium phosphate, with the chemical formula (NH₄)₂HPO₄, is a widely used inorganic compound that consists of ammonium (NH₄⁺) and phosphate (HPO₄²⁻) ions.
Diammonium phosphate is a type of phosphatic fertilizer that provides essential nutrients to plants, making it a crucial component in agriculture and horticulture.
Diammonium phosphate appears as a white, crystalline, or granular solid that is highly soluble in water, allowing it to dissolve easily into the soil and release nutrients that promote plant growth.
CAS Number: 7783-28-0
Molecular Formula: H9N2O4P
Molecular Weight: 132.06
EINECS Number: 231-987-8
Synonyms: 7783-28-0, Diammonium hydrogenphosphate, Diammonium hydrogen phosphate, DIAMMONIUM PHOSPHATE, Ammonium phosphate dibasic, Phosphoric acid, diammonium salt, Akoustan A, Fyrex, Pelor, Dibasic ammonium phosphate, Ammonium phosphate, dibasic, Coaltrol LPA 445, Diammonium orthophosphate, K2 (phosphate), Diammonium hydrogen orthophosphate, Secondary ammonium phosphate, Phos-Chek 202A, Phos-Chek 259, Hydrogen diammonium phosphate, Caswell No. 286C, Ammonium orthophosphate dibasic, Diammonium acid phosphate, Diammonium monohydrogen phosphate, Ammonium monohydrogen orthophosphate, Ammonium phosphate, secondary, HSDB 301, Diammonium hydrogenorthophosphate, Pyrozyl war, UNII-10LGE70FSU, diazanium hydrogen phosphate, diazanium;hydrogen phosphate, EINECS 231-987-8, 10LGE70FSU, ammonium monohydrogen phosphate, Ammonium phosphate ((NH4)2(HPO4)), Ammonium phosphoricum, Spartan ar 295, (NH4)2HPO4, AI3-25349, Ammoniumhydrogenphosphate, Ammonium hydrogenphosphate, Ammonium phosphate [NF], Ammonium phosphate, dibasic, DTXSID6029705, CHEBI:63051, EC 231-987-8, Phosphoric acid, ammonium salt (1:2), Ammonium phosphate (NF), AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE (MART.), AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE [MART.], AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE DIBASIC (USP-RS), AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE DIBASIC [USP-RS], 287488-13-5, PHOS-CHEK 202, di-ammonium phosphate, Ammonium phosphate dibasic, Ammonium phosphate secondary, DTXCID109689, DTXCID309705, AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE [HSDB], AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE [VANDF], AMMONIUM PHOSPHORICUM [HPUS], AKOS015856700, FD44626, AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE, DIBASIC [II], AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE, DIBASIC [MI], AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE, DIBASIC [FCC], DA-62836, AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE, DIBASIC [WHO-DD], NS00093532, D02921, Diammonium hydrogenorthophosphate; Ammonium hydrogen phosphate, 231-987-8, SEC-AMMONIUM HYDROGEN PHOSPHATE;SEC AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE;PHOSPHORUS ICP STANDARD;phos-chek202;phos-chek259;phosphatedibasiqued’ammonium;Phosphoricacid,diammoniumsalt;secondaryammoniumphosphate
Diammonium phosphate include mono- and diammonium orthophosphates and ammonium polyphosphates.
As discussed below, these are made directly by reaction anhydrous ammonia with orthophosphoric acid or superphosphoric acid.
Both are dry crystalline materials with good handling properties.
Diammonium phosphate (DAP; IUPAC name diammonium hydrogen phosphate; chemical formula (NH4)2(HPO4)) is one of a series of water-soluble ammonium phosphate salts that can be produced when ammonia reacts with phosphoric acid.
Solid diammonium phosphate shows a dissociation pressure of ammonia as given by the following expression and equation: (NH4)2HPO4(s) ⇌ NH3(g) + (NH4)H2PO4(s)
At 100 °C, the dissociation pressure of diammonium phosphate is approximately 5 mmHg.
According to the diammonium phosphate MSDS from CF Industries, Inc., decomposition starts as low as 70 °C: "Hazardous Decomposition Products: Gradually loses ammonia when exposed to air at room temperature.
Decomposes to ammonia and monoammonium phosphate at around 70 °C (158 °F). At 155 °C (311 °F), DAP emits phosphorus oxides, nitrogen oxides and ammonia."
Because of its high phosphorus and nitrogen content, DAP is one of the most commonly manufactured and utilized fertilizers worldwide.
Diammonium phosphate is a neutral to mildly alkaline compound, with a pH of around 7.5 to 8 when dissolved in water.
Diammonium phosphate has a molecular weight of approximately 132.06 g/mol and a melting point of 155°C (311°F), at which it decomposes rather than melts, releasing ammonia gas (NH₃).
This release of ammonia contributes to its alkaline nature, making DAP an effective soil conditioner that can temporarily raise soil pH when applied.
The compound is highly water-soluble, ensuring that plants can efficiently absorb the nutrients it provides.
Diammonium phosphate fertilizers first became available in the 1960s, and DAP rapidly became the most popular in this class of products.
It’s formulated in a controlled reaction of phosphoric acid with ammonia, where the hot slurry is then cooled, granulated and sieved.
Diammonium phosphate handles and stores well. The standard nutrient grade of DAP is relatively high, at 18-46-0, so fertilizer products with lower nutrient content may not be labeled DAP.
The inputs required to produce one ton of DAP fertilizer are approximately 1.5 to 2 tons of phosphate rock, 0.4 tons of sulfur (S) to dissolve the rock, and 0.2 tons of ammonia.
Changes in the supply or price of any of these inputs will impact Diammonium phosphate prices and availability.
The high nutrient content of DAP helps reduce handling, freight and application costs. DAP is produced in many locations in the world and is a widely traded fertilizer commodity.
As dissolving DAP granules release ammonium, the seedlings and plant roots nearest the volatile ammonia can be harmed.
This potential damage more commonly occurs when the soil pH is greater than 7, a condition that often exists around the dissolving DAP granule.
To prevent such damage, users should avoid placing high concentrations of DAP near germinating seeds.
The ammonium present in Diammonium phosphate is an excellent N source and will be gradually converted to nitrate by soil bacteria, resulting in a subsequent drop in pH.
Therefore, the rise in soil pH surrounding DAP granules is a temporary effect.
This initial rise in soil pH neighboring DAP can influence the micro-site reactions of phosphate and soil organic matter.
Diammonium phosphate fertilizer has a composition of 18% N, 46% P2O5 and is a two-nutrient compound fertilizer.
In addition to being used as a source of phosphorus fertilizer, the nitrogen in its content is in the form of ammonium (NH4 +), so it is easily retained in the soil and there is no nitrogen loss by washing from the soil due to excessive rainfall or irrigation.
Diammonium phosphate plays an important role in root development and energy metabolism especially in the first development period of plants.
Diammonium phosphate is efficient in terms of solubility and vegetative nutrition and is used as the most preferred underground (base) fertilizer by farmers.
Diammonium phosphate fertilizer, like all base fertilizers, can be used before sowing or with sowing.
It should be applied and mixed into the soil. Since the phosphorus contained in DAP fertilizer is kept in the soil and cannot move to the depths of the soil, its application after germination does not show its effect.
Diammonium phosphate is a complex, highly concentrated, granular mineral fertilizer with excellent physical properties.
It contains two main nutrients in its composition — 18% nitrogen (N) and 46% phosphoric pentoxide (P2O5) or in total 63% of active substance.
Diammonium phosphate is obtained through a reaction between phosphoric acid (P2O5) and ammonia (NH3).
Diammonium phosphate is incompatible with other alkaline chemicals due to the fact that its ammonium ions turn into ammonia when they get into medium with higher рH.
Diammonium phosphate of high quality is easily input into the soils, it is highly soluble, it is not hygroscopic and has a granular form with equal in size granules, which is evenly dissipated along the soil surface.
Diammonium phosphate is used for pre-sowing fertilization of winter and spring crops under irrigation conditions.
It is suitable for fertilization of soils rich in potassium.
Because of the fact that it is water-soluble, it has the properties of fast-acting phosphorus fertilizer, and the low mobility of the phosphorus in the soil allows its use for main, stocking as well as for periodic fertilization. No additional pre-sowing fertilization with nitrogen is needed in autumn crops.
Diammonium phosphate may be applied directly into the soil with the help of conventional equipment for spraying.
Diammonium phosphate has a diverse range of applications, with its primary use in agriculture as a fertilizer.
However, it is also employed in various industrial, food processing, and fire retardant applications.
Melting point: 155 °C (dec.)(lit.)
Density: 1.203 g/mL at 25 °C
Bulk density: 800-1000 kg/m³
Vapor pressure: 0.076 Pa at 20 ℃
RTECS: TB9385000
Storage temp.: -20 °C
Solubility: H2O: 1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
Form: Powder
Color: White
Specific Gravity: 1.619
pH: 7.6-8.2 (100 g/L, H2O, 20 ℃)
Odor: wh. cryst. or powd., odorless, cooling salty taste
Water Solubility: 58 g/100 mL (10 ºC)
λmax: λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.065
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.065
Merck: 14,542
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong acids, strong bases, strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -2.148 (est)
With excess ammonia, the technical grade of Diammonium phosphate contains 16 to 18% nitrogen and 20to 21 % phosphorus.
Diammonium phosphate is an important fertilizer as well as an intermediate in the production of complex fertilizers and bulk blends.
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions.
Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Contact with air causes this chemical to produce anhydrous ammonia fumes.
The compound occurs in the nature as the exceedingly rare mineral phosphammite.
The related dihydrogen compound occurs as the mineral biphosphammite.
Both are related to guano deposits.
The most significant and widespread use of diammonium phosphate is as a highly effective agricultural fertilizer due to its balanced nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) composition.
Diammonium phosphate typically contains 18% nitrogen (N) and 46% phosphorus (P₂O₅) by weight, making it an ideal starter fertilizer for crops.
The phosphorus in Diammonium phosphate plays a critical role in root development, flower formation, and energy transfer within plants, while the nitrogen helps in vegetative growth and chlorophyll synthesis.
Diammonium phosphate is particularly beneficial for young plants, as phosphorus stimulates strong root growth, leading to healthier plants that can better absorb water and nutrients from the soil.
The combination of nitrogen and phosphorus helps improve flowering, fruit setting, and grain production, making it suitable for crops like wheat, maize, rice, fruits, and vegetables.
Highly soluble and quick-release fertilizer: When applied to soil, Diammonium phosphate dissolves rapidly, making nutrients available to plants almost immediately.
Improves soil fertility and pH balance: While initially alkaline due to ammonia release, DAP eventually lowers soil pH as plants absorb nitrogen, making it suitable for neutral or slightly acidic soils.
Diammonium phosphate also acts as a re retardant. For example, a mixture of DAP and other ingredients can be spread in advance of a re to prevent a forest from burning.
It then becomes a nutrient source after the danger of re has passed.
Diammonium phosphate is used in various industrial processes, too, such as metal nishing.
And, it's commonly added to wine to sustain yeast fermentation and to milk to produce cheese cultures.
Most concentrated phosphate-based fertilizer.
Diammonium phosphate is perfect for any agriculture crop to provide full phosphorus nutrition throughout crop growth and development, as well as a starter dose of nitrogen and low sulphur.
Diammonium phosphate can be applied in autumn for tilling and in spring during sowing, as well as for pre-sowing cultivation.
Dissolving in soil, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) provides temporary alkalization of pH of the soil solution around the fertilizer granule, thus stimulating better uptake of phosphorus from the fertilizers on acid soils. Fertilizer's sulphur also contributes to the better intake of nitrogen and phosphorus by plants.
Diammonium phosphate is the most widely used phosphate fertilizer among growers today.
Diammonium phosphate is manufactured by reacting phosphoric acid and ammonia and contains two ammonia molecules.
In alkaline soil conditions, one of the ammonia molecules in Diammonium phosphate (DAP) will revert to ammonia, making it an excellent t for low pH or alkaline soil.
Diammonium phosphate itself is alkaline with a high pH, exceeding 7.5.
Nutrients include P2O5 (46%) and ammoniacal nitrogen (18%).
Diammonium phosphate provides the correct proportion of phosphate and nitrogen needed for farming wheat, barley and vegetables.
Diammonium phosphate is also applied in the early stage of fruit orchard fertilization.
Diammonium phosphate is a granulated fertilizer, with granules in size 5-5 mm (min. 95%).
Granules can be white, grey or black (with tones) Diammonium phosphate contains 18% of nitrogen in ammonia form and 46% of phosphours as ammonium phosphate (exact formula can dier slightly depending on producer) Ammonia nitrogen is not leached from soil, is slowly uptaken by plants and facilitates phosphorus uptake, limits excessive uptake of potassium.
Phosporus form is easy available for soil, also in water deciency conditions.
Diammonium phosphate is commonly used universal fertilizer which can be applied for eld crops and for vegetables and in orchards.
Diammonium phosphate fertilizer is an excellent source of P and nitrogen (N) for plant nutrition.
Diammonium phosphate is highly soluble and thus dissolves quickly in soil to release plant-available phosphate and ammonium.
A notable property of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is the alkaline pH that develops around the dissolving granule.
Diammonium phosphate is one of the most important and widely used phosphate-based fertilizers, providing essential nitrogen and phosphorus for plant growth in agriculture.
Beyond its primary role in crop cultivation, it is also utilized in fire retardants, metal treatments, food processing, water treatment, and animal feed supplements.
Despite its beneficial applications, careful usage and proper handling are necessary to prevent soil degradation, environmental pollution, and water contamination.
With the growing demand for sustainable farming and responsible industrial practices, DAP continues to be a key component in modern agriculture and industry.
Production method:
The production of diammonium phosphate by the reaction of hot phosphoric acid and liquid ammonia or extraction of phosphoric acid and liquid ammonia is the major method of industrial production.
The former has high purity and the process is simple. The latter utilizes wet extraction of phosphoric acid with low cost.
In the hot phosphoric acid neutralization liquid ammonium method (water: phosphoric acid = 1.3: 1) into dilute phosphoric acid.
After metering, it is added into the enamel reaction tank with stirring and jacket.
Under stirring, the ammonia gas is passed through the round tube ammonium distributor for neutralization reaction.
Upon being neutralized until the reaction liquid Ph is between 8 and 9, filtered when it is hot, and then sent to the cooling crystallizer.
After cooling and crystallization, the mother liquor is separated by centrifugation and then dried to obtain diammonium phosphate products.
Its reaction equation: H3PO4 + 2NH3 → (NH4) 2HPO4
The centrifuge separated mother liquor is sent into the separator for addition of ammonium sulfide in order to remove the iron.
After filtering, the filtrate is concentrated, sent to the fine tuning tank, pass ammonia fine for tuning Ph to 8~9 and return to the cooling mold.
Phosphoric acid extraction and liquid ammonia neutralization method: adding a certain amount of hydrogen peroxide to oxidize the ferrous iron in the phosphoric acid solution.
Send the phosphoric acid into the tubular reactor for neutralization with ammonia with the second reaction to making Ph of about 8.0.
After the filtering by the frame filter, the filtrate is sent into the fine tuning tank to adjust Ph to 7.8~8 and sent into the evaporator to reach a relative density of 1.3, return back into the cooling mold.
The cooled crystallization liquid further undergoes centrifugal separation and drying to obtain the finished product of diammonium hydrogen phosphate.
Its reaction is: H3PO4 + 2NH3 → (NH4) 2HPO4
The filtered residue is rinsed with water, and the lotion and the mother liquor are combined and sent to the storage tank of reaction liquid for acid regulation with the impurity being removed by filtration and recycled.
The washed residue, after drying, contains 35% phosphorus pentoxide and 5% ammonia, being a high-efficacy compound fertilizer.
For the production of feed-purpose diammonium phosphate using wet phosphate as raw material, the production process demands a two-step defluorination, three-step amination and thermal decomposition with triammonium phosphate for obtaining the feed-purpose diammonium phosphate.
Its production cost is lower than the method using yellow phosphorus as raw material.
Wet phosphoric acid method: send the extracted phosphate acid containing 20%~30% P2O5, 1.2%~2% F into the reaction device through the gas purification system, after three-step amination for make impurities form a precipitate that is easily removed by filtering.
The precipitate is further separated through the filter press.
The filtrate is a diammonium phosphate solution containing P2O5 <15%, F0.4%, SO42-2.5%~3% and about 1% of solid suspension.
In order to further remove the dissolved impurities and part of the solid suspension, the filtrate is sent to another reaction device for sending ammonia to saturation, and then put into the cooling crystallization device for cooling crystallization, leading to the formation of triammonium phosphate crystals.
The crystal is separated from the mother liquor through a conical settling tank, and then is dehydrated by centrifugation, and the crystal is put into a boiling furnace and pyrolyzed into diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and dried to obtain diammonium phosphate dihydrate product for feed, the reaction equation is as follows: H3PO4 + 2NH3 → (NH4) 2HPO4
(NH4) 2HPO4 + NH4OH → (NH) 43PO4 + H2O
(NH4) 3HPO4? 3H2O [70C]. (NH4) 2HPO4 + NH3 + 3H2O
The gas mixture containing ammonium dihydrogen phosphate dust and ammonia gas is subjecting to dust removal through cyclone separator, and then subject to wet phosphoric acid spray absorption in the scrubber.
To the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution, slowly add concentrated ammonia to neutralize the reaction until pH 14 to obtain the triammonium phosphate solution, and then subject to cooling, crystallization, centrifugal separation and drying to obtain the final product.
Diammonium phosphate is a two-nutrient fertilizer.
Diammonium phosphate contains 18% nitrogen (N) and 46% phosphorus (P) as P2O5.
Since its nitrogen content is in ammonium (NH4) form, it is particularly effective in the first development stages of plants.
When used as a base fertilizer, its nitrogen content may not be sufficient to provide plants’ need.
Therefore, if diammonium phosphate is preferred as starter fertilizer, plants must be supported with other nitrogencontaining fertilizers in top dressed fertilization.
Since its nitrogen content is in ammonium (NH4) form, it is easily retained by soil. So no nitrogen loss occurs
because of washing as a result of excessive precipitation or excessive irrigation
Uses:
Diammonium phosphate is industrially used as feed additives, flame retardants and the ingredients of the fire extinguishing agent.
Diammonium phosphate can be used as analysis reagents and buffer
Diammonium phosphate is a widely applicable efficient fertilizer for vegetables, fruits, rice and wheat.
Diammonium phosphate can be used as water softeners; yeast foodstuffs, and so on.
In the food industry, it can be used as food leavening agent, dough regulator, yeast food, brewing fermentation additives as well as being used as a buffer.
Diammonium phosphate can be used as ruminant feed additives.
Diammonium phosphate can be used for printing plate, medicine, fire prevention, electronic tubes.
Fertilizer level is mainly used for high concentrations nitrogen and phosphorus compound fertilizer.
The industrial grade can be used for impregnation of wood and fabric to increase its durability; it can be used as dry powder fire extinguishing agent, fluorescent phosphor; also used for the manufacturing of printing plate, tube, ceramic and china, wastewater biochemical treatment; military use it as the flame retardants of rocket engine motor insulation materials.
Diammonium phosphate is a general purpose food additive that is readily soluble in water, with approximately 57 g dissolving in 100 g of water at 0°c.
Diammonium phosphate is used as a dough strengthener, firming agent, leavening agent, and ph control agent.
Diammonium phosphates uses include baked goods, alcoholic beverages, condiments, and puddings.
In bakery products, up to 0.25 part per 100 parts by weight of flour is used.
Diammonium phosphate is commonly used in fertilizer as plant food as well as a yeast nutrient.
Ammonium phosphate dibasic has been used to prepare multi-shell nanoparticles to increase transfection efficiency.
Fireproofing textiles, paper, wood, and vegetable fibers; impregnating lamp wicks; preventing afterglow in matches; flux for soldering tin, copper, brass, and zinc; purifying sugar; in yeast cultures; in dentifrices; in corrosion inhibitors; in fertilizers.
When applied as plant fertilizer, it temporarily increases the soil pH, but over a long term the treated ground becomes more acidic than before, upon nitrification of the ammonium.
Diammonium phosphate is incompatible with alkaline chemicals because its ammonium ion is more likely to convert to ammonia in a high-pH environment.
The average pH in solution is 7.5–8.
The typical formulation is 18-46-0 (18% N, 46% P2O5, 0% K2O).
Diammonium phosphate can be used as a fire retardant.
Diammonium phosphate lowers the combustion temperature of the material, decreases maximum weight loss rates, and causes an increase in the production of residue or char.
These are important effects in fighting wildfires as lowering the pyrolysis temperature and increasing the amount of char formed reduces that amount of available fuel and can lead to the formation of a firebreak.
Diammonium phosphate is also used as a yeast nutrient in winemaking and mead-making; as an additive in some brands of cigarettes purportedly as a nicotine enhancer; to prevent afterglow in matches, in purifying sugar; as a flux for soldering tin, copper, zinc and brass; and to control precipitation of alkali-soluble and acid-insoluble colloidal dyes on wool.
Diammonium phosphate is used in the following products: fertilisers and plant protection products.
Release to the environment of Diammonium phosphate can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.
Other release to the environment of Diammonium phosphate is likely to occur from: outdoor use, indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials), outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)), indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment) and indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints).
Release to the environment of Diammonium phosphate can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, formulation in materials, as processing aid, for thermoplastic manufacture and in the production of articles.
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials), indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment), outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)), indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints), indoor use as processing aid and outdoor use as processing aid. This substance can be found in products with material based on: fabrics, textiles and apparel (e.g. clothing, mattress, curtains or carpets, textile toys).
Diammonium phosphate is used in the following products: fertilisers and plant protection products.
Diammonium phosphate is used in the following areas: agriculture, forestry and fishing and formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
Other release to the environment of Diammonium phosphate is likely to occur from: outdoor use, indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).
Diammonium phosphate is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, fertilisers, paper chemicals and dyes, textile treatment products and dyes, coating products, polymers, pharmaceuticals and leather treatment products.
Diammonium phosphate has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Release to the environment of Diammonium phosphate can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, formulation in materials and as processing aid.
Diammonium phosphate is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, coating products, paper chemicals and dyes, polymers, textile treatment products and dyes, fuels, leather treatment products and pharmaceuticals.
Diammonium phosphate has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Diammonium phosphate is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
Diammonium phosphate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, pulp, paper and paper products, textile, leather or fur, food products, rubber products, plastic products and mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement).
Release to the environment of Diammonium phosphate can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, as processing aid, formulation of mixtures, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), in the production of articles, manufacturing of the substance and formulation in materials.
Release to the environment of Diammonium phosphate can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), formulation of mixtures and as processing aid.
Diammonium phosphate is used as a fertilizer. When applied as plant food, it temporarily increases the soil pH, but ov treated ground becomes more acidic than before upon nitrication of the ammonium.
Diammonium phosphate is incompatible with alkaline cheammonium ion is more likely to convert to ammonia in a high-pH environment.
The average pH in solution is 7.5-8. The typ 18-46-0 (18% N, 46% P2O5, 0% K2O).
Diammonium phosphate can be used as a re retardant. Diammonium phosphate (DAP) lowers the combu of the material, decreases maximum weight loss rates, and causes an increase in the production of residue or char.
These are in ghting wildres as lowering the pyrolysis temperature and increasing the amount of char formed reduces that amount of can lead to the formation of a rebreak.
Diammonium phosphate is the largest component of some popular common products.
Diammonium phosphate is also used as a yeast nutrient in winemaking and mead-making; as an additive in some brands of cigarette nicotine enhancer; to prevent afterglow in matches, in purifying sugar; as a ux for soldering tin, copper, zinc and bra precipitation of alkali-soluble and acid-insoluble colloidal dyes on wool.
Diammonium phosphate is the world's phosphorus fertilizer.
Diammonium phosphate's made from two common constituents in the fertilizer industry, and nutrient content and excellent physical properties make it a popular choice in farming and other industries.
Diammonium phosphate fertilizers rst became available in the 1960s, and DAP rapidly became the most popul products.
Diammonium phosphate's formulated in a controlled reaction of phosphoric acid with ammonia, where the cooled, granulated and sieved.
Diammonium phosphate handles and stores well.
The standard nutrient grade of Diammonium phosphate 18-46-0, so fertilizer products with lower nutrient content may not be labeled DAP.
The inputs required to produce one to phosphate Diammonium phosphate fertilizer are approximately 1.5 to 2 tons of phosphate rock, 0.4 tons of sulfur (S) to dissolve the rock ammonia.
Changes in the supply or price of any of these inputs will impact DAP prices and availability.
The high nu Diammonium phosphate helps reduce handling, freight and application costs.
Diammonium phosphate is produced in many locations in widely traded fertilizer commodity.
Diammonium phosphate fertilizer is an excellent source of P and nitrogen (N) for plant nutrition.
It’s highly soluble and thus dissolves quickly in soil to release plant-available phosphate and ammonium.
A notable property of DAP is the alkaline pH that develops around the dissolving granule.
Diammonium phosphate is a key ingredient in fire retardant solutions used for controlling forest and wildfires.
When mixed with water and sprayed over vegetation, DAP reduces the flammability of plants by creating a fire-resistant barrier.
It works by releasing phosphoric acid and ammonia, which lower the combustion temperature and inhibit the spread of flames.
In the metal finishing industry, Diammonium phosphate is used as a phosphating agent for treating metal surfaces.
It helps in corrosion prevention and improves the adhesion of paints, coatings, and sealants on metals such as iron and steel.
Diammonium phosphate is also used in food processing, primarily as a leavening agent and pH buffer.
In baking, Diammonium phosphate is sometimes included in baking powders as a leavening agent, which helps dough and batter rise by releasing gases when exposed to heat.
Diammonium phosphate is commonly used in the wine, beer, and yeast fermentation industries as a nutrient source for yeast growth.
It provides the necessary nitrogen and phosphorus that allow yeast to multiply efficiently, ensuring proper fermentation and flavor development in alcoholic beverages.
Diammonium phosphate is also used as a pH stabilizer in food items such as processed cheese, canned foods, and beverages, ensuring product stability and extending shelf life.
Diammonium phosphate is sometimes included as a phosphorus supplement in livestock feed.
Since phosphorus is essential for bone development, metabolism, and energy transfer in animals, Diammonium phosphate is used in small, controlled amounts to enhance the nutritional value of feed for cattle, poultry, and fish.
Diammonium phosphate is used to remove heavy metals and neutralize acidic waste in industrial and municipal wastewater treatment facilities.
By precipitating harmful metals, Diammonium phosphate helps in reducing environmental pollution and ensures safer disposal of industrial effluents.
In controlled environments, Diammonium phosphate can be added to aquaculture systems and hydroponics to regulate nutrient levels and support the growth of beneficial algae or microorganisms that maintain ecological balance.
Safety Profile:
Although diammonium phosphate is not considered highly toxic, it should still be handled with caution to prevent environmental contamination.
Excessive use of Diammonium phosphate as a fertilizer can lead to nutrient runoff into water bodies, contributing to eutrophication, which results in harmful algal blooms that deplete oxygen levels in aquatic ecosystems.
Proper application methods and controlled dosages are essential to minimize its environmental impact.
Diammonium phosphate should be stored in dry conditions, as it is hygroscopic and can absorb moisture from the air, leading to caking and reduced effectiveness.
Protective gloves and masks are recommended when handling it in industrial environments to prevent inhalation of dust particles.
While Diammonium phosphate is generally considered safe for use in agriculture, food processing, and industry, it does pose several health, environmental, and chemical hazards when mishandled or overused.
Below is a detailed breakdown of the potential hazards associated with DAP.
Diammonium phosphate is not classified as highly toxic, improper handling or prolonged exposure can cause health issues, especially through inhalation, ingestion, or skin and eye contact.
Diammonium phosphate is a fine powder or granulated substance, and its dust can become airborne, leading to respiratory irritation when inhaled.
Symptoms of exposure include coughing, throat irritation, shortness of breath, and chest discomfort.
Prolonged exposure to high concentrations may contribute to lung irritation and inflammation, particularly in individuals with asthma or pre-existing respiratory conditions.
