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Dicyandiamide is a strongly alkaline and water-soluble white crystalline compound with the scientific name of cyanoguanidine.
The chemical is the dimer of cyanamide or cyanoguanidine, which is mainly used in the production of melamine.
Dicyandiamide is also used as a curing agent for epoxy resins and laminates for circuit boards, powder coatings and adhesives.
CAS Number: 461-58-5
EC Number: 207-312-8
IUPAC Name: 2-cyanoguanidine
Chemical Formula: C2H4N4
Other names: Dicyandiamide, CYANOGUANIDINE, 461-58-5, Dicyanodiamide, 2-Cyanoguanidine, N-Cyanoguanidine, 1-Cyanoguanidine, Guanidine, cyano-, Dicyandiamido, Pyroset DO, Dicyandiamin, Epicure DICY 7, Epicure DICY 15, Araldite HT 986, Bakelite VE 2560, Araldite XB 2879B, Araldite XB 2979B, Dicy, ACR-H 3636, XB 2879B, Dicyanediamide, CCRIS 3478, Guanidine-1-carbonitrile, HSDB 2126, AI3-14632, NSC 2031, EINECS 207-312-8, UNII-M9B1R0C16H, MFCD00008066, Guanidine, N-cyano-, DTXSID1020354, Dyhard 100S, Adeka EH 3636AS, NSC-2031, Adeka EH 3636, CYANOGUANIDINE [HSDB], DTXCID50354, NCN=C(NH2)2, M9B1R0C16H, 3-cyanoguanidine, CHEBI:147423, NSC2031, EC 207-312-8, J3.635H, METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE IMPURITY A [EP IMPURITY], Dicyandiamin [German], guanidine, cyano, CAS-461-58-5, Metformin impurity A, Cyanoguanidine Metformin Related Compound A USP, METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE IMPURITY A (EP IMPURITY), Dicyanadiamide, NCyanoguanidine, cyano-guanidine, 1Cyanoguanidine, 2Cyanoguanidine, 1-cyano-guanidine, Cyanamide metabolite, Cyanoguanidine,(S), Dicyandiamide, 99%, DICYANODIAMIDE [MI], CHEMBL3183942, ACRH 3636, Tox21_201513, Tox21_302730, BBL009709, STL141074, STL483054, AKOS000118777, AKOS005208673, CCG-214839, FC20647, NCGC00249058-01, NCGC00256355-01, NCGC00259063-01, 157480-33-6, BP-31003, CS-0015691, NS00003801, EN300-21430, D78355, Q905401, Dicyanodiamide (210 degrees C) Melting Point Standard, F0001-1248, Z203045078, Cyanoguanidine, >=95.0% (HPLC), pharmaceutical impurity standard, Metformin impurity A, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard, N-Cyanoguanidine;1-Cyanoguanidine;2-Cyanoguanidine;Dicyandiamide, 26591-10-6
Dicyandiamide is a nitrile derived from guanidine.
Dicyandiamide is a dimer of cyanamide, from which it can be prepared.
Dicyandiamide is a colourless solid that is soluble in water, acetone, and alcohol, but not nonpolar organic solvents.
Commonly known as dicyandiamide, the white crystalline compound is the dimer for cyanamide or for cyanoguanidine.
Dicyandiamide is produced by treating cyanamide with base.
Dicyandiamide is produced in soil by decomposition of cyanamide.
A variety of useful compounds are produced from Dicyandiamide, guanidines and melamine.
For example, acetoguanamine and benzoguanamine are prepared by condensation of cyanoguanidine with the nitrile:
(H2N)2C=NCN + RCN → (CNH2)2(CR)N3
Cyanoguanidine is also used as a slow fertilizer.
Formerly, it was used as a fuel in some explosives.
It is used in the adhesive industry as a curing agent for epoxy resins.
Dicyandiamide is a guanidine in which one of the amino hydrogens of guanidine itself is substituted by a cyano group.
Dicyandiamide is used in the manufacture of fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, explosives, oil well drilling muds, and dyestuffs.
Dicyandiamide has a role as a curing agent, a flame retardant, a fertilizer, an explosive and a nitrification inhibitor.
Dicyandiamide is a member of guanidines and a nitrile.
Dicyandiamide is produced from the polymerization of cyanamide in the presence of a base.
Dicyandiamide is typically pure white crystals, stable when dry and soluble in liquid ammonia.
Dicyandiamide is partly soluble in hot water. Dicyandiamide is non-flammable.
Dicyandiamide is often used as a curing agent for epoxies and as a used as a stabilizer compound for PVC flooring.
Another popular use of Dycyandiamide (DICY) is a flame retardant additive in the paper and textile industries.
Dicyandiamide can be used as a slow release fertilizer.
Dycandiamide also finds applications in the adhesive industry, powder coatings, dielectric coatings, water treatment chemicals, rubber, dye fixing, and pharmaceutical applications.
Dicyandiamide crystals melt at 210° C, and are soluble in water and alcohol.
Other uses for the compound are in the manufacture of fertilizers, explosives, oil well drilling muds, pharmaceuticals, and dyestuffs.
Dicyandiamide (DICY or DCD), also known as Cyanoguanidine, is a non-hazardous, non-volatile, white crystalline powder with the molecular formula of C2H4N4 and CAS number 461-58-5.
Dicyandiamde (DICY) is a strongly alkaline and water-soluble white crystalline compound with the scientific name of cyanoguanidine.
The chemical is the dimer of cyanamide or cyanoguanidine, which is mainly used in the production of melamine.
Dicyandiamide is also used as a curing agent for epoxy resins and laminates for circuit boards, powder coatings and adhesives.
Dicyandiamide is commonly used for the curing of epoxy resins.
Dicyandiamide is a nitrification inhibitor that is said to be capable of reducing nitrate (NO3-) leaching and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from grazed pasture soils.
Sources/Uses
Used as a curing agent (epoxy resins)
flotation depressant (copper ores)
intumescent paint ingredient
electrostatic powder coating ingredient
plasticizer (starch adhesives)
fertilizer additive
nitrocellulose stabilizer
antioxidant (fats and oils)
fire-proofing compound
case-hardening additive
cleaning and soldering compound
thinner for oil-well drilling muds
detergent stabilizer
and starch modifier;
Also used in dye-stuffs and explosives
Experimental Properties
Physical Description: Dry Powder; Liquid; Other Solid; Pellets or Large Crystals; Pellets or Large Crystals, Liquid
Color / Form: MONOCLINIC PRISMATIC CRYSTALS FROM WATER OR ALCOHOL
Odor: Odorless
Melting Point: 209.5 °C
Density: 1.400 at 25 °C/4 °C
Vapor Pressure: 0.000171 [mmHg]
Heat of Combustion: -1382 kJ/mol at 25 °C
Applications
Dicyandiamide is an intermediate for melamine production and is the basic ingredient of amino plastics and resins.
Dicyandiamide is used in the production of a wide range of organic chemicals including slow and continuous nitrogen release fertilizers, fireproofing agents, epoxy laminates for circuit boards, powder coatings and adhesives, water treatment chemicals, dye fixing, leather and rubber chemicals, explosives and pharmaceuticals.
Dicyandiamide is a nitrogen-based molecule (66% by weight) with high reactivity that is used in a wide variety of applications across multiple industries.
Applications include:
Flame retardant additive in timer, paper, and textile industries
Slow/continuous release nitrogen fertilizer
Hardener/curing agent in Epoxy resins
Powder coatings
Dielectric coatings
Adhesives
Water treatment chemicals
Dye fixing
Pharmaceutical applications
Stabilizer compound for PVC flooring
Floatation depressant in copper ores
Fertilizer Applications:
Dicyandiamide is used in fertilizer formulations as a slow/continuous release nitrogen source.
There are two major ways in which nitrogen is lost from soil – denitrification and leeching.
Denitrification is loss of nitrogen to the atmosphere.
Leeching is when nitrogen is washed from soil through rain or irrigation.
Dicyandiamide has been shown to prevent nitrogen loss through both leeching and de-nitrification in soil.
This helps reduce the negative effects of greenhouse gas emission such as nitrous oxide and nitrate leaching into waterways.
Two tautomeric forms exist, differing in the protonation and bonding of the nitrogen to which the nitrile group is attached.
Dicyandiamide can also exist in a zwitterionic form via a formal acid–base reaction among the nitrogens.
Loss of ammonia (NH3) from the zwitterionic form, followed by deprotonation of the remaining central nitrogen atom, gives the dicyanamide anion, [N(CN)2]−.
Industry Uses
Adhesives and sealant chemicals
Agricultural chemicals (non-pesticidal)
Bleaching agent
Catalyst
Dye
Hardener
Intermediate
Intermediates
Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories
Plasticizers
Process regulators
Processing aids, not otherwise listed
Viscosity adjustors
Consumer Uses
Adhesives and sealant chemicals
Hardener
Intermediates
Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories
Dicyandiamide is used as a slow release fertilizer.
In the adhesive industry, Dicyandiamide is used as a curing agent for epoxies.
Dicyandiamide is also used as a flame retardant additive in paper and textile industries.
Additional applications include use in powder coatings, dielectric coatings, water treatment chemicals, rubber, dye fixing, and pharmaceutical applications.
Dicyandiamide is also used as a stabilizer compound for PVC flooring.
Dicyandiamde (DICY) is a strongly alkaline and water-soluble white crystalline compound with the scientific name of cyanoguanidine.
The chemical is the dimer of cyanamide or cyanoguanidine, which is mainly used in the production of melamine.
Dicyandiamide is readily soluble in water, alcohol and diethyl ether.
APPLICATIONS
Dicyandiamide is an intermediate for melamine production and is the basic ingredient of amino plastics and resins.
Dicyandiamide is used in the production of a wide range of organic chemicals including slow and continuous nitrogen release fertilizers, fireproofing agents, epoxy laminates for circuit boards, powder coatings and adhesives, water treatment chemicals, dye fixing, leather and rubber chemicals, explosives and pharmaceuticals.
Dicyandiamide is also used as a slow fertilizer.
Formerly, Dicyandiamide was used as a fuel in some explosives
The big advantage of Dicyandiamide is that it is extremely reactive but nevertheless non-hazardous, and because of this it is used in a wide variety of applications.
The largest application field is as a synthetic component for the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API’s), inter alia for the manufacture of the type II anti-diabetes drug Metformin.
Another major application field is the hot-curing of epoxy resins for industrial applications, and in recent years Dicyandiamide has a growing importance as a nitrogen stabiliser for agicultural fertilisers.
Dicyandiamide (also known as cyanoguanidine or DCD) is a versatile chemical with a wide range of applications.
Dicyandiamide is a highly reactive nitrile that is non-hazardous.
Key uses of Dicyandiamide are as a curing agent for epoxy resins and as a flameproofing agent for timber and fibreglass insulation.
Dicyandiamide Applications:
Dicyandiamide is an important technical product with a large number of uses.
Some of its applications include:
Slow release nitrogen fertiliser & nitrification inhibitor.
Hardener/ curing agent in heat-cured epoxy resins.
Dielectric coatings.
Used in the production of gunpowder.
Flame retardant additive e.g. in wood treatment and fibreglass insulation.
Dye fixing agent for textiles, such as cotton.
Pharmaceutical ingredient.
Process chemical for paper sizing.
Water treatment chemical as highly efficient flocculant.
Electronic potting & encapsulating compounds.
Powder coatings.
