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(DIETHYLAMINO)ETHANE

CAS:    121-44-8
MF:    C6H15N
MW:    101.19
EINECS:    204-469-4

(Diethylamino)ethane is the chemical compound with the formula N(CH2CH3)3, commonly abbreviated Et3N. 
(Diethylamino)ethane is also abbreviated TEA, yet this abbreviation must be used carefully to avoid confusion with triethanolamine or tetraethylammonium, for which TEA is also a common abbreviation.
(Diethylamino)ethane is a colourless volatile liquid with a strong fishy odor reminiscent of ammonia. 
Like diisopropylethylamine (Hünig's base),(Diethylamino)ethane is commonly employed in organic synthesis, usually as a base.
(Diethylamino)ethane (formula: C6H15N), also known as N, N-diethylethanamine, is the most simple tri-substituted uniformly tertiary amine, having typical properties of tertiary amines, including salifying, oxidation, Hing Myers test (Hisberg reaction) for triethylamine does not respond. 
(Diethylamino)ethane is colorless to pale yellow transparent liquid, with a strong smell of ammonia, slightly fuming in the air. 

Boiling point: 89.5 ℃, relative density (water = 1): 0.70, the relative density (Air = 1): 3.48, slightly soluble in water, soluble in alcohol, ether. 
Aqueous solution is alkaline, flammable. 
Vapor and air can form explosive mixtures, the explosion limit is 1.2% to 8.0%. 
It is toxic, with a strong irritant.
(Diethylamino)ethane is a tertiary amine that is ammonia in which each hydrogen atom is substituted by an ethyl group.
(Diethylamino)ethane appears as a clear colorless liquid with a strong ammonia to fish-like odor. 
Flash point 20°F. Vapors irritate the eyes and mucous membranes. 
Less dense (6.1 lb / gal) than water. Vapors heavier than air. 
Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen when burned.

Synthesis and properties
(Diethylamino)ethane is prepared by the alkylation of ammonia with ethanol:
NH3 + 3 C2H5OH → N(C2H5)3 + 3 H2O
The pKa of protonated (Diethylamino)ethane is 10.75, and it can be used to prepare buffer solutions at that pH. 
The hydrochloride salt, (Diethylamino)ethane, is a colorless, odorless, and hygroscopic powder, which decomposes when heated to 261 °C.
(Diethylamino)ethane is soluble in water to the extent of 112.4 g/L at 20 °C.
(Diethylamino)ethane is also miscible in common organic solvents, such as acetone, ethanol, and diethyl ether.
Laboratory samples of (Diethylamino)ethane can be purified by distilling from calcium hydride.
In alkane solvents (Diethylamino)ethane is a Lewis base that forms adducts with a variety of Lewis acids, such as I2 and phenols. 
Owing to (Diethylamino)ethane's steric bulk, it forms complexes with transition metals reluctantly.
(Diethylamino)ethane is a colorless to yellowish liquid with a strong ammonia to fish-like odor. 
(Diethylamino)ethane is a base commonly used in organic chemistry to prepare esters and amides from acyl chlorides. 
Like other tertiary amines,(Diethylamino)ethane catalyzes the formation of urethane foams and epoxy resins.

Physical properties    
Clear, colorless to light yellow flammable liquid with a strong, penetrating, ammonia-like odor. 
Experimentally determined detection and recognition odor threshold concentrations were <400 μg/m3 (<100 ppbv) and 1.1 mg/m3 (270 ppbv), respectively (Hellman and Small, 1974). 
An odor threshold concentration of 0.032 ppbv was determined by a triangular odor bag method (Nagata and Takeuchi, 1990).

(Diethylamino)ethane Chemical Properties
Melting point: -115 °C
Boiling point: 90 °C
Density: 0.728
Vapor density: 3.5 (vs air)
Vapor pressure:51.75 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
FEMA: 4246 | TRIETHYLAMINE
Refractive index: n20/D 1.401(lit.)
Fp: 20 °F
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility: water: soluble112g/L at 20°C
Form: Liquid
pka: 10.75(at 25℃)
Specific Gravity: 0.725 (20/4℃)
Color: Clear
Odor:Strong ammonia-like odor
PH: 12.7 (100g/l, H2O, 15℃)(IUCLID)
Relative polarity: 1.8
Odor Threshold:0.0054ppm
explosive limit: 1.2-9.3%(V)
Water Solubility: 133 g/L (20 ºC)
Merck: 14,9666
JECFA Number: 1611
BRN: 1843166
Henry's Law Constant: 1.79 at 25 °C (Christie and Crisp, 1967)
Exposure limits    NIOSH REL: IDLH 200 ppm; OSHA PEL: TWA 25 ppm (100 mg/m3); ACGIH TLV: TWA 1 ppm, STEL 3 ppm (adopted).
Stability: Stable. Extremely flammable. Readily forms explosive mixtures with air. 
Note low flash point. 
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, ketones, aldehydes, halogenated hydrocarbons.
InChIKey: ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS DataBase Reference: 121-44-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Triethylamine(121-44-8)
EPA Substance Registry System: Triethylamine (121-44-8)

Applications
(Diethylamino)ethane is commonly employed in organic synthesis as a base. 
For example, (Diethylamino)ethane is commonly used as a base during the preparation of esters and amides from acyl chlorides.
Such reactions lead to the production of hydrogen chloride which combines with (Diethylamino)ethane to form the salt triethylamine hydrochloride, commonly called triethylammonium chloride. Hydrogen chloride may then evaporate from the reaction mixture, which drives the reaction. (R, R' = alkyl, aryl):

R2NH + R'C(O)Cl + Et3N → R'C(O)NR2 + Et3NH+Cl−
Like other tertiary amines, (Diethylamino)ethane catalyzes the formation of urethane foams and epoxy resins. 
(Diethylamino)ethane is also useful in dehydrohalogenation reactions and Swern oxidations.
(Diethylamino)ethane is readily alkylated to give the corresponding quaternary ammonium salt:

RI + Et3N → Et3NR+I−
(Diethylamino)ethane is mainly used in the production of quaternary ammonium compounds for textile auxiliaries and quaternary ammonium salts of dyes. 
(Diethylamino)ethane is also a catalyst and acid neutralizer for condensation reactions and is useful as an intermediate for manufacturing medicines, pesticides and other chemicals.
(Diethylamino)ethane, like any other tertiary ammonium salts, are used as an ion-interaction reagent in ion interaction chromatography, due to their amphiphilic properties. 
Unlike quaternary ammonium salts, tertiary ammonium salts are much more volatile, therefore mass spectrometry can be used while performing analysis.

(Diethylamino)ethane is an aliphatic amine. 
(Diethylamino)ethane is used to catalytic solvent in chemical synthesis; accelerator activators for rubber; wetting, penetrating, and waterproofing agents of quaternary ammonium types; curing and hardening of polymers (e.g., corebinding resins); corrosion inhibitor; propellant.
(Diethylamino)ethane may be used as a homogeneous catalyst for the preparation of glycerol dicarbonate, via transesterification reaction between glycerol and dimethyl carbonate (DMC).

USE
(Diethylamino)ethane is a clear, colorless liquid with an Ammonia or fish-like odor. 
(Diethylamino)ethane is used in making waterproofing agents, and as a catalyst, corrosion inhibitor and propellant.
(Diethylamino)ethane is mainly used as base, catalyst, solvent and raw material in organic synthesis and is generally abbreviated as Et3N, NEt3 or TEA. 
(Diethylamino)ethane can be used to prepare phosgene polycarbonate catalyst, polymerization inhibitor of tetrafluoroethylene, rubber vulcanization accelerator, special solvent in paint remover, enamel anti-hardener, surfactant, antiseptic, wetting agent, bactericides, ion exchange resins, dyes, fragrances, pharmaceuticals, high-energy fuels, and liquid rocket propellants, as a curing and hardening agent for polymers and for the desalination of seawater.
(Diethylamino)ethane is a base used to prepare esters and amides from acyl chlorides as well as in the synthesis of quaternary ammonium compounds. 
(Diethylamino)ethane acts as a catalyst in the formation of urethane foams and epoxy resins, dehydrohalogeantion reactions, acid neutralizers for condensation reactions and Swern oxidations. 
(Diethylamino)ethane finds application in reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as a mobile-phase modifier. 
(Diethylamino)ethane is also used as an accelerator activator for rubber, as a propellant, as a corrosion inhibitor, as a curing and hardening agent for polymers and for the desalination of seawater.
Furthermore, (Diethylamino)ethane is used in the automotive casting industry and the textile industry.
(Diethylamino)ethane is known to drive polymerization reaction. 
(Diethylamino)ethane acts as a source of carbon and nitrogen for bacterial cultures. 
(Diethylamino)ethane is used in pesticides. 
(Diethylamino)ethane can serve as an organic solvent.

Industrial uses    
(Diethylamino)ethane is used as an anti-livering agent for urea- and melamine-based enamels and in the recovery of gelled paint vehicles (HSDB 1988). 
(Diethylamino)ethane is also used as a catalyst for polyurethane foams, a flux for copper soldering, and as a catalytic solvent in chemical synthesis (Hawley 1981). 
(Diethylamino)ethane is used in accelerating activators for rubber; as a corrosion inhibitor for polymers; a propellant; wetting, penetrating, and waterproofing agent of quaternary ammonium compounds; in curing and hardening of polymers (i.e. core-binding resins); and as a catalyst for epoxy resins (Hamilton and Hardy, 1974).

Production    
(Diethylamino)ethane is produced by ethanol and ammonia in the presence of hydrogen, in containing Cu-Ni-clay catalyst reactor under heating conditions (190 ± 2 ℃ and 165 ± 2 ℃) reaction. 
The reaction also produces ethylamine and diethylamine, products were condensed and then absorption by ethanol spray to obtain crude (Diethylamino)ethane, through the final separation, dehydration and fractionation, pure (Diethylamino)ethane is obtained.

Reactivity Profile    
(Diethylamino)ethane reacts violently with oxidizing agents. 
Reacts with Al and Zn. Neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. 
May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. 
Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
(Diethylamino)ethane is a flammable liquid and a dangerous fire hazard. 
(Diethylamino)ethane can affect you when inhaled and by passing through the skin. 
Contact can severely irritate and bum the skin and eyes with possible eye damage. 
Exposure can irritate the eyes, nose and throat. 
Inhaling can irritate the lungs. 
Higher exposures may cause a build-up of fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema), a medical mergency. 
(Diethylamino)ethane may cause a skin allergy and affect the liver and kidneys.

Synonyms
TRIETHYLAMINE
N,N-Diethylethanamine
121-44-8
(Diethylamino)ethane
Ethanamine, N,N-diethyl-
Triethylamin
triethyl amine
Triaethylamin
Trietilamina
N,N,N-Triethylamine
NEt3
trietylamine
tri-ethyl amine
(C2H5)3N
MFCD00009051
N,N-diethyl-ethanamine
VOU728O6AY
CHEBI:35026
Diethylaminoethane
Triethylamine, >=99.5%
Triaethylamin [German]
Trietilamina [Italian]
CCRIS 4881
HSDB 896
Et3N
TEN [Base]
EINECS 204-469-4
UN1296
UNII-VOU728O6AY
triehtylamine
triehylamine
trieihylamine
triethlyamine
triethyamine
TRIETHYLAMINE 100ML
triethylamme
triethylarnine
Thethylamine
Triethlamine
triethyIamine
Triethylannine
tri-ethylamine
triehyl amine
triethyl amin
triethylam ine
triethylami-ne
triethylamine-
trietyl amine
tri ethyl amine
triethyl- amine
AI3-15425
Green Tea 95%
N, N-diethylethanamine
Green Tea PE 50%
Green Tea PE 90%
N,N,N-Triethylamine#
triethylamine, 99.5%
Triethylamine, >=99%
Triethylamine [UN1296] [Flammable liquid]
DSSTox_CID_4366
TRIETHYLAMINE [MI]
EC 204-469-4
N(Et)3
DSSTox_RID_77381
NCIOpen2_006503
TRIETHYLAMINE [FHFI]
TRIETHYLAMINE [HSDB]
TRIETHYLAMINE [INCI]
DSSTox_GSID_24366
BIDD:ER0331
Triethylamine (Reagent Grade)
Triethylamine, LR, >=99%
TRIETHYLAMINE [USP-RS]
(CH3CH2)3N
CHEMBL284057
N(CH2CH3)3
Green Tea Extract (50/30)
Green Tea Extract (90/40)
DTXSID3024366
FEMA NO. 4246
Triethylamine, HPLC, 99.6%
Triethylamine, p.a., 99.0%
Green Tea Extract 50% Material
Triethylamine, analytical standard
DTXSID301024181
ADAL1185352
BCP07310
N(C2H5)3
Triethylamine, for synthesis, 99%
ZINC1242720
Tox21_200873
Triethylamine, 99.7%, extra pure
GREEN TEA Powder & Powder Extract
STL282722
AKOS000119998
Triethylamine, purum, >=99% (GC)
Triethylamine, ZerO2(TM), >=99%
ZINC112977393
UN 1296
NCGC00248857-01
NCGC00258427-01
Triethylamine 100 microg/mL in Methanol
CAS-121-44-8
Triethylamine, BioUltra, >=99.5% (GC)
Triethylamine, SAJ first grade, >=98.0%
FT-0688146
T0424
Triethylamine 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile
Triethylamine [UN1296] [Flammable liquid]
Triethylamine, trace metals grade, 99.99%
Triethylamine, SAJ special grade, >=98.0%
Triethylamine, puriss. p.a., >=99.5% (GC)
Q139199
J-004499
J-525077
F0001-0344
Triethylamine, for amino acid analysis, >=99.5% (GC)
Z137796018
Triethylamine, for protein sequence analysis, ampule, >=99.5% (GC)
Triethylamine, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard

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