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DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE

Diguanidinium carbonate is employed as a strong organic alkali, organic intermediate, in soap and cosmetic products, and in the textile industry.
Diguanidinium carbonate is also used to make fine chemicals.
Diguanidinium carbonate is used in various industries to solve different purpose such as detergents as a synergistic agent, pharmaceuticals as an antibiotic and microencapsulation process for carbonless paper.

CAS Number: 593-85-1
EC Number: 209-813-7
Molecular Formula: C₃H₁₂N₆O₃
Molecular Weight: 180.17 g/mol

SYNONYMS:
Diguanidinium Carbonate, Guanidine Carbonate, Guanidinium Carbonate, Bisguanidinium Carbonate, Carbonic Acid Compound with Guanidine (1:2), Guanidine Carbonate Salt, Guanidinium Carbonate for Synthesis, Guanidine Carbonate (2:1), Guanidine Monocarbonate, Aminomethanamidine Carbonate, Iminourea Carbonate, Bisguanidinium carbonate, Diguanidinium carbonate, Guanidine carbonate, GUANIDINIUM CARBONATE, GUANIDINE CARBONATE SALT, Guanidne carbonate, Guanidonium-carbonat, Guanidinecarbonate,98%, DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE, Guanidine carbonate salt 99%, Carbonicacid,compd.withguanidine(1:2), C2H7N3O3, ai3-14631, Guanidinium carbonate, Carbonic acid, compd. with guanidine (1:2), Bisguanidinium carbonate, Diguanidinium carbonate, 593-85-1, Guanidine carbonate salt, DTXSID0029189, V3394X3G2W, NSC 2171, EINECS 209-813-7, UNII-V3394X3G2W, AI3-14631, DTXCID109189, EC 209-813-7, NSC-2171, bis carbonate, guanidiniumcarbonat, Diguanidiniumcarbonat, RefChem:144649, GUANIDINE CARBONATE [INCI], 209-813-7, Guanidine carbonate, Guanidinium carbonate, TUXRBQHZZFVXLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N, Guanidine, carbonate, carbonic acid,guanidine, Guanidine carbonate(2:1), Guanidinecarbonate, Guanidine carbonate (2:1), MFCD00013029, CAS-593-85-1, Bisguanidinium Carbonate, Diguanidinium Carbonate, Guanidinium Carbonate, C3H12N6O3, diguanidine carbonate, Guanidine carbonate salt, 99%, SCHEMBL1319550, CHEMBL3187576, Carbonic acid--guanidine (1/2), Tox21_113187, AKOS015950648, Tox21_113187_1, AT23545, FG33639, NCGC00344519-01, LS-12968, CS-0015157, G0161, Diguanidiunium carbonate, Guanidinium carbonate, Ribavirin Impurity 17(Diguanidinium Carbonate), F143800, Guanidine carbonate salt, purum, >=97.0% (NT), Q19687227, Carbonic acid, compd. with guanidine (1:2), Guanidine, carbonate (2:1), Guanidinium carbonate, Bisguanidinium carbonate, Diguanidinium carbonate, Guanidinium carbonate, Guanidinium carbonate, Carbonic acid, compd. with guanidine (1:2), Bisguanidinium carbonate, Diguanidinium carbonate, bis[ amino(imino)methanaminium] carbonate, Carbonic acid - guanidine (1:2), carbonic acid, compd. with guanidine (1:2), carbonic acid,guanidine, diguanidinium carbonate, guanidine carbonate(2:1), Carbonic acid, compound with guanidine (1:2), Guanidine·carbonic acid, Guanidinium carbonate, synthesis grade, Carbonicacid,compd.withguanidine(1:1), Guanidonium-carbonat, Iminoureacarbonate, GUANIDINE CARBONAT, Guanidinecarbonate,98%

Guanidinium carbonate or Diguanidinium carbonate is the carbonate salt of guanidine with the chemical formula [C(NH2)3]2CO3.
Diguanidinium carbonate is a white solid, forming tetragonal crystals exhibiting non-linear optical properties.
Diguanidinium carbonate is soluble in water 450 g/L (20°C); slightly soluble in alcohol and acetone.

Diguanidinium carbonate, also known as carbonic acid aminourea.
Diguanidinium carbonate can be dissolved in water and slightly dissolved in ethanol and acetone.
Diguanidinium carbonate belongs to a strong organic alkali.

Diguanidinium carbonate is an alkaline, organic salt.
Diguanidinium carbonate’s primary functions have been for use in formulations for hair straightening, as a depilatory agent, for use in pH adjustment, and as a buffering agent.
Diguanidinium carbonate is also known as (synonyms) Bis guanidinium Carbonate, Diguanidinium Carbonate.

Diguanidinium carbonate is produced from cyanoguanidine.
Put cyanoguanidine and ammonium salt at 170-230°C,then add alcohol and sodium hydroxide,blowing into CO2,we can get crude Diguanidinium carbonate.
After re-crystalize and dry,we get final product.

Diguanidinium carbonate is pure white free flowing powder with a density of 450gram/liter.
Diguanidinium carbonates' melting point is 198°C.
Diguanidinium Carbonate is an organic guanidinium salt consisting of two guanidinium cations and one carbonate anion, with the chemical formula C₃H₁₂N₆O₃.

Diguanidinium carbonate is more commonly known as Guanidine Carbonate or Bisguanidinium Carbonate, and it is a strong organic base widely used as an industrial intermediate in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, textile processing, detergents, polymer chemistry, and specialty chemical synthesis.
Unlike inorganic alkaline compounds such as sodium hydroxide, Diguanidinium Carbonate provides high alkalinity while remaining easier to handle in many industrial formulations.

Diguanidinium carbonate is particularly valued as a precursor for guanidine derivatives, an epoxy and resin additive, a pH-adjusting agent, and an important reagent in organic synthesis.
In cosmetics, Diguanidinium carbonate is notably used in guanidine-based hair relaxer systems, where it reacts with calcium hydroxide to generate guanidine hydroxide in situ for hair straightening.

Diguanidinium carbonate is a white to almost white crystalline powder.
Diguanidinium carbonate is soluble in water, slightly soluble in methanol, almost insoluble in acetone, benzene and ether.
Diguanidinium carbonate is a strong organic alkali.

Diguanidinium carbonate or Guanidinium carbonate or guanidine carbonate is the carbonate salt of guanidine with the chemical formula [C(NH2)3]2CO3.
Diguanidinium carbonate is a white solid, forming tetragonal crystals exhibiting non-linear optical properties.
Diguanidinium carbonate is a versatile compound with various applications in multiple industries.

Diguanidinium carbonate possesses distinct properties such as high melting point, good solubility in water, and strong organic alkali properties.
Diguanidinium carbonate ((CH6N3)2CO3) is guanidine carbonat.

USES and APPLICATIONS of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
Diguanidinium carbonate is used intermediate for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals as well as for cosmetic and technical products
Diguanidinium carbonate is employed as a strong organic alkali, organic intermediate, in soap and cosmetic products, and in the textile industry.
Diguanidinium carbonate is also used to make fine chemicals.

Diguanidinium carbonate is used in various industries to solve different purpose such as detergents as a synergistic agent, pharmaceuticals as an antibiotic and microencapsulation process for carbonless paper.
Diguanidinium carbonate is employed as a strong organic alkali, organic intermediate, in soap and cosmetic products, and in the textile industry.

Diguanidinium carbonate is also used to make fine chemicals.
Diguanidinium carbonate is used in various industries to solve different purpose such as detergents as a synergistic agent, pharmaceuticals as an antibiotic and microencapsulation process for carbonless paper.

Diguanidinium carbonate can be used in the preparation of sulfonamide drugs, cosmetics and dyes.
Diguanidinium carbonate is employed as a strong organic alkali, organic intermediate, in soap and cosmetic products, and in the textile industry.
Diguanidinium carbonate is also used to make fine chemicals.

Diguanidinium carbonate is used in various industries to solve different purpose such as detergents as a synergistic agent, pharmaceuticals as an antibiotic and microencapsulation process for carbonless paper.
Diguanidinium carbonate is sometimes used as a hair relaxer prior to use with thio-based hair straighteners.

Diguanidinium carbonate finds use in the production of plastics, resins, rubber chemicals, fungicides, and disinfectants.
In pharmaceuticals, Diguanidinium carbonate stabilizes cytidine triphosphate injections and acts as a protein denaturant.
Diguanidinium carbonate is also employed as a pH adjusting agent, grout agent, cement additive, and surfactant.

Diguanidinium carbonate has various applications due to its strong organic alkali properties.
Diguanidinium carbonate is commonly used to adjust the pH of formulations, making it useful in the production of organic intermediates, soaps, and cosmetic products.
In the field of pharmaceuticals, Diguanidinium carbonate is utilized in the stabilization of cytidine triphosphate injections.

Additionally, Diguanidinium carbonate acts as a potent protein denaturant, finding applications in protein research and related fields.
Furthermore, Diguanidinium carbonate serves as an important chemical intermediate in organic synthesis and analytical reagents.
Diguanidinium carbonate is employed as a pH adjusting agent for amino resins, antioxidants, resin stabilizers, and guanidine soaps.

Diguanidinium carbonate is also utilized as a grout agent, cement additive, and surfactant.
In the context of synthetic detergents, Diguanidinium carbonate functions as a moisture agent and synergist, enhancing the performance of these products.
Diguanidinium carbonate can be employed as a precipitating agent for the measurement of zinc, cadmium, and manganese weights.

Diguanidinium carbonate also plays a role in the separation of alkali metals and magnesium.
Moreover, Diguanidinium carbonate salt can be used as a reactant in the synthesis of guanidinium dinitramide (GDN), which is an oxidizer.
Diguanidinium carbonate can also be utilized to produce guanidinium cyclopropanecarboxylate by reacting with cyclopropanecarboxylic acid.

Overall, Diguanidinium carbonate demonstrates its versatility and significance across various industries and applications, making it a valuable compound in chemical and pharmaceutical sectors
Diguanidinium carbonate is used in cosmetics and in organic synthesis.

Diguanidinium carbonate is used in various industries to solve different purpose such as cosmetics as a hair relaxer that straightens hair by chemically uncurling it, detergents as a synergistic agent, pharmaceuticals as an antibiotic and microencapsulation process for carbonless paper.
Diguanidinium carbonate has been used as a complexing agent to polish TaN/Ta and polysilicon films.

It was found that the Diguanidinium carbonate in presence of oxidizer and silica abrasives can enhance the RRs of both types of Ru films by forming Ru oxide-guanidinium complexes which can be easily polished/ removed by silica abrasives.
Diguanidinium carbonate serves as an effective surface-complexing agent for such chemical mechanical planarization applications, where the rate of Ta removal can be chemically controlled through pH-tuned selectivity with respect to the removal of Cu lines.

The surfacemodifying roles of Diguanidinium carbonate make it can be used as an attractive complexing agent for Ta chemical mechanical planarization by employing electrochemical techniques in previous study work.
In additon, The bicarbonate/carbonate anions of Diguanidinium carbonate also facilitate Ta removal through the generation of ion-incorporated tantalum pentoxide.

Diguanidinium carbonate is used as a synergist for synthetic detergents and as a raw material for high-grade cosmetics.
Diguanidinium carbonate is used as a pH regulator for amino resins, resin stabilizer; guanidine soap, cosmetics and detergents RM; Carbon fiber and other organic synthesis, etc.
There is a very wide range of application of Diguanidinium carbonate’s, like pharmaceutical, food and beverage industry, soft drink industry and many more.

Diguanidinium carbonate is a white powder with a sour taste.
Diguanidinium carbonate’s is easily soluble in water.
In ether, Diguanidinium carbonate is practically insoluble.

In medical field, Diguanidinium carbonate's application is as an alkalinizing agent.
Chemicals, in the production of Diguanidinium carbonate; flame retardant in technical textiles.
Cosmetics, Diguanidinium carbonate is used as a hair relaxer that straightens hair by chemically uncurling it.

Diguanidinium carbonate is used in cosmetics, detergents, and textiles.
Detergents: synergistic agent Pharmaceuticals: Microencapsulation most important specialty product within the group of organic guanidine compounds, Diguanidinium carbonate is a raw material process: for carbonless paper

Diguanidinium Carbonate is widely used across multiple industries because it combines strong organic basicity with excellent compatibility in aqueous formulations.
One of Diguanidinium carbonate's best-known commercial applications is hair-relaxing cosmetic products.
In these systems, Diguanidinium Carbonate reacts with calcium hydroxide immediately before application to generate guanidine hydroxide, which chemically relaxes curly or tightly coiled hair while generally causing less scalp irritation than sodium hydroxide-based formulations.

Another important application of Diguanidinium carbonate is as an organic synthesis intermediate.
Diguanidinium carbonate serves as a precursor for numerous guanidine derivatives used in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, heterocyclic chemistry, and specialty fine chemicals.
Diguanidinium carbonate is used to adjust the pH of a formulation, organic intermediate, soap and cosmetic products.

Diguanidinium carbonate is used in the cytidine triphosphate injection stabilization.
Diguanidinium carbonate also acts as a powerful and versatile protein denaturants.
As a strong chemical base, Diguanidinium carbonate is used as an intermediary in a variety of applications: Organic synthesis materials and analytical reagents.

Diguanidinium carbonate is used pH adjusting agents for amino resins, antioxidants, resin stabilizer and guanidine soap, also a grout agent, cement additives, surfactants.
In terms of synthetic detergent, Diguanidinium carbonate is used as a moisture agent and a synergist.
For Zinc, cadmium, manganese weight measurement, Diguanidinium carbonate is used as a precipitating agent, it is also used in the separation of alkali metal magnesium.

Diguanidinium carbonate salt can be used as a reactant for the synthesis of an oxidizer, guanidinium dinitramide (GDN), by reacting with ammonium dinitramide, and Guanidinium cyclopropanecarboxylate by reacting with cyclopropanecarboxylic acid.
Diguanidinium carbonate is also used in: Pharmaceutical manufacturing, Fine chemical production, Textile processing, Detergent formulations, Resin stabilization, Polymer additives, Surfactant formulations, Cement additives, Grouting agents, Analytical reagents, Oxygen scavenging systems, Corrosion protection formulations.

-Cosmetic applications of Diguanidinium carbonate:
Diguanidinium Carbonate has become particularly important in professional hair-relaxing products.
Instead of applying a highly caustic alkali directly, manufacturers combine: Diguanidinium Carbonate, and Calcium hydroxide.
This reaction generates guanidine hydroxide in situ, providing effective hair straightening while reducing scalp irritation compared with traditional sodium hydroxide relaxers.
Additional cosmetic functions of Diguanidinium carbonate include: pH adjustment, Skin conditioning, Buffering, Formulation stabilization.

-Materials science applications of Diguanidinium carbonate:
Modern materials research has identified several advanced applications.
Diguanidinium carbonate is used during the production of PAN-based carbon fibers, where it accelerates stabilization and improves fiber density and tensile strength.
Diguanidinium carbonate is also used in preparing graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) materials, where it helps modify crystal morphology and expose catalytically active sites.
These applications make Diguanidinium Carbonate increasingly relevant in advanced materials engineering.

-Materials uses of Diguanidinium carbonate:
Diguanidinium carbonate is used in polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon fibers as an accelerator base material, improving the rate of fiber stabilization, fiber density, and tensile strength.
Diguanidinium carbonate is used in the preparation of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) where it acts as an assembly edge terminator, binding to the composite surface to alter its morphology and expose active sites.
The synthesis involves a thermal polycondensation method in which melamine, cyanuric acid, and Diguanidinium carbonate are assembled.

-Organic synthesis uses of Diguanidinium carbonate:
Diguanidinium carbonate derivates are used in the synthesis of 5,5-diphenyl-2-iminohydantoins.
The reaction proceeds by the condensation of benzil with Diguanidinium carbonate in ethanolic KOH.

-Cosmetics uses of Diguanidinium carbonate:
Diguanidinium carbonate has been used in cosmetic products for permanent hair straightening.
The active ingredient, guanidine hydroxide, is formed in situ by the reaction of guanidine carbonate with calcium hydroxide.
This formulation causes less irritation to the scalp than products directly containing a strong base such as sodium hydroxide.

-The effect of guanidinc carbonate on tobacco necrosis virus (TNV).
0.05M Diguanidinium carbonate, completely prevented TKV infection in the intact primary leaves attached to the plant of P. vulgaris var.
Saxa after being introduced or absorbed into the leaf tissue either with the virus or within 4 hours after inoculation.
Outside the leaf tissue, i.e. in vitro, the chemical did not affect virus infectivity.

Results also indicate that a pH of 10.5 and the carbonate of the Diguanidinium carbonate did not inhibit the virus.
The sole activity was, perhaps, contained in the guanidine base.

The inhibitory effect of the chemical, however, depended mainly upon the extent of introduction of it into the leaf the issue, as one or two proper applications with a brush were sufficient for virus inhibit,ion whereas spraying once or twice was less effective.
After spraying, the chemical was perhaps, not sufficiently absorbed into the leaf tissue to render it completely resistant to virus infection.

-Organic synthesis uses of Diguanidinium carbonate:
Guanidine carbonate derivates are used in the synthesis of 5,5-diphenyl-2-iminohydantoins.
The reaction proceeds by the condensation of benzil with guanidine carbonate in ethanolic KOH.

INDUSTRIAL CHARACTERISTICS of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
Commercial production generally involves the formation of free guanidine followed by reaction with carbon dioxide.
Industrial characteristics of Diguanidinium carbonate include:

High purity production.
Good crystallization behavior.
Excellent storage stability.
Strong alkaline performance.
High water solubility.
Low volatility.
Cost-effective manufacturing.
Diguanidinium carbonate is widely available in technical, synthesis, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical grades.

BENEFITS AND ADVANTAGES of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
Diguanidinium Carbonate offers numerous industrial advantages.
Diguanidinium carbonate's strongest benefit is providing high alkalinity without the handling characteristics of stronger inorganic hydroxides.

Major advantages include:
Strong organic base.
Excellent water solubility.
Low volatility.
Good thermal stability.
Versatile synthetic intermediate.
Effective pH adjustment.
Broad formulation compatibility.
Useful cosmetic performance.
Polymer-processing versatility.
High nitrogen content.
These characteristics explain its widespread industrial use.

ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
Available regulatory data indicate that Diguanidinium Carbonate is not considered PBT (Persistent, Bioaccumulative and Toxic) or vPvB (very Persistent and very Bioaccumulative) under current assessments.
Diguanidinium carbonate exhibits:
High water solubility.
Low bioaccumulation potential.
Low volatility.

CHARACTERISTICS of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
Diguanidinium Carbonate is a white crystalline guanidinium salt combining strong organic basicity with excellent water solubility and broad industrial versatility.
Its ionic structure, high nitrogen content, low volatility, and stable crystalline form make Diguanidinium carbonate valuable in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, detergents, textile processing, polymer chemistry, and specialty synthesis.

Diguanidinium carbonate's greatest strengths include high alkalinity, good thermal stability, excellent water solubility, versatile synthetic reactivity, and broad formulation compatibility.
Modern applications extend beyond traditional chemical manufacturing into advanced materials science, including carbon fiber production and graphitic carbon nitride synthesis, demonstrating the continuing industrial importance of this versatile guanidinium compound, Diguanidinium carbonate.

PROPERTIES of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
Diguanidinium carbonate is a crystalline powder that is white to almost white in color.
Diguanidinium carbonate possesses several distinct properties.
Firstly, Diguanidinium carbonate has a high melting point, exceeding 300°C.

Diguanidinium carbonate's density is measured at 1.25, indicating its relatively high mass per unit volume.
At 25°C, Diguanidinium carbonate exhibits a vapor pressure of 0Pa, meaning it has negligible volatility.

Diguanidinium carbonate demonstrates good solubility in water, with a solubility of 450g/l, while it is only slightly soluble in methanol.
On the other hand, Diguanidinium carbonate is almost insoluble in acetone, benzene, and ether.

With a pka value of 12.5 at 20°C, Diguanidinium carbonate acts as a strong base, readily reacting with both organic and inorganic compounds.
Diguanidinium carbonate's unique chemical structure, containing imine and aminoacetal functional groups, contributes to its ability to enhance physical properties.

Guanidine derivatives, such as Diguanidinium carbonate, are widely used in various industries for the production of plastics, resins, rubber chemicals, photochemicals, fungicides, and disinfectants.

This is due to their structure, which includes nitrogen atoms and N=C solid bonds.
Additionally, Diguanidinium carbonate can serve as an oxygen scavenger to prevent corrosion damage.
Overall, Diguanidinium carbonate offers versatile properties and finds extensive application across multiple industrial sectors.

FUNCTIONS (INCI) of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
pH regulator :
Diguanidinium carbonate stabilises the pH of cosmetics

Skin conditioning :
Diguanidinium carbonate maintains skin in good condition

DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE IS PRESENT IN:
Diguanidinium carbonate is present in 0.01% of cosmetics.
Hair straightening (0.88%)
Curly hair treatment (0.31%)

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
Diguanidinium Carbonate behaves as a strong organic base and readily neutralizes acidic compounds.
The guanidinium ions are stabilized through resonance, making Diguanidinium carbonate chemically stable under normal storage conditions.
Important chemical characteristics include:

Strong alkaline behavior in aqueous solution.
Ionic guanidinium-carbonate structure.
Extensive hydrogen-bonding capability.
High nitrogen content.
Excellent thermal stability before decomposition.
Nonvolatile nature.
Moisture-sensitive crystalline solid.
Decomposes rather than distilling.
Upon heating in aqueous solution, Diguanidinium carbonate gradually hydrolyzes, producing urea and ammonium carbonate, an important reaction recognized in classical guanidine chemistry.

MOLECULAR STRUCTURE AND CHARACTERISTICS of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
The molecular structure of Diguanidinium carbonate consists of:
Two guanidinium cations.
One carbonate anion.
Extensive hydrogen-bonding interactions.
Tetragonal crystal lattice.

One particularly interesting characteristic is its nonlinear optical behavior, making high-quality single crystals of Diguanidinium Carbonate useful for optical materials research.
The crystal structure of Diguanidinium carbonate is highly ordered, contributing to both mechanical stability and unique optical properties.

Structural characteristics of Diguanidinium carbonate include:
Ionic molecular structure.
Strong resonance stabilization.
High nitrogen content.
Tetragonal crystal symmetry.
Strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
Stable crystalline lattice.

THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
Diguanidinium Carbonate demonstrates relatively high thermal stability.
Instead of boiling, Diguanidinium carbonate undergoes thermal decomposition.
Diguanidinium carbonate remains stable under many industrial processing conditions but eventually decomposes to produce gases including:

Nitrogen oxides (NOx).
Carbon dioxide.
Carbon monoxide.
Ammonia-containing decomposition products.
The relatively high decomposition temperature makes Diguanidinium carbonate suitable for numerous industrial manufacturing processes.

SOLUBILITY BEHAVIOR of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
One of its most useful characteristics is its excellent water solubility.
The compound dissolves readily in water, producing strongly alkaline solutions.
Diguanidinium carbonate exhibits:

Excellent water solubility.
Limited ethanol solubility.
Limited acetone solubility.
Very low volatility.
Diguanidinium carbonate's negative Log P indicates very low affinity for nonpolar organic phases.

REACTIONS of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
Hydrolysis occurs upon heating in aqueous solution, forming urea and ammonium carbonate:
[C(NH2)3]2CO3 + 2 H2O → 2 CO(NH2)2 + (NH4)2CO3
Diguanidinium carbonate reacts with ammonium dinitramide to form the energetic material guanidinium dinitramide:

2 NH4N(NO2)2 + (NH2C(NH2)NH2)2CO3 → 2 NH2C(NH2)NH2N(NO2)2 + (NH4)2CO3
Diguanidinium carbonate reacts with boric acid to form anhydrous guanidinium tetraborate in a solid-state reaction at 115 °C.
Diguanidinium carbonate also forms hydrogen bonded complexes with cyanuric acid.

DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE SYNTHESIS METHOD:
Diguanidinium carbonate is an extremely versatile organic chemical products, it is mainly used in flame retardants, flocculants, foaming agents, synthetic sulfa drugs, etc.
Diguanidinium carbonate is also used as synthetic detergent builders, high-quality cosmetics raw materials.

Synthesis of Diguanidinium carbonate is reported by many literatures.
The main domestic Diguanidinium carbonate production is that molt dicyandiamide and ammonium chloride to generate guanidine hydrochloride, generate free guanidine under the action of the alkali, and then by the reaction of free guanidine and carbon dioxide to produce Diguanidinium carbonate

This route is easy to generate melamine and its dimers, trimers and other impurities because of the high-temperature melting, and the presence of Cl-, Na + in the system is difficult to completely removed, even if the purity is> 99% of Diguanidinium carbonate, its ash content is still up 0.2%, it is difficult to obtain high purity Diguanidinium carbonate.
Cyanamide as raw materials, reacts with carbon dioxide and ammonia in one step synthesis of Diguanidinium carbonate, also known as ash-free guanidine carbonate, and then purify , to obtain a high purity guanidine carbonate, the reaction equation is as follows:
2NH2CN + CO2 + 2NH3 + H20 → [NH2C (: NH) NH2] 2H2CO3

PREPARATION of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
Synthesis of Diguanidinium carbonate:
Melt double cyanide salts and ammonia to generate guanidine salts (guanidine hydrochloride, guanidine nitrate) at 170-230 ℃ .
Then make guanidine salt into an alcohol solution, add soda to free guanidine, absorb carbon dioxide to obtain Diguanidinium carbonate.

CHEMICAL REACTIVITY of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
Diguanidinium Carbonate participates in numerous industrial reactions.
Diguanidinium carbonate reacts with:

Acids (neutralization).
Calcium hydroxide (forming guanidine hydroxide in hair relaxers).
Boric acid (forming guanidinium tetraborate).
Ammonium dinitramide (forming guanidinium dinitramide).
Cyanuric acid (forming hydrogen-bonded complexes).
These reactions make it an exceptionally versatile synthetic intermediate.

NOTES of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
Store Diguanidinium carbonate away from oxidizing agents.
Keep Diguanidinium carbonate the container tightly closed and place it in a cool, dry and well ventilated condition.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
Diguanidinium Carbonate is a white crystalline organic salt with strong alkaline properties.
Diguanidinium carbonate consists of two protonated guanidinium ions associated with a carbonate anion through ionic interactions and extensive hydrogen bonding.
Its crystal structure is tetragonal, and Diguanidinium carbonated exhibits nonlinear optical properties due to its ordered crystal arrangement.
Unlike many volatile organic bases, Diguanidinium Carbonate is essentially nonvolatile because of its ionic nature.
Diguanidinium carbonate dissolves readily in water, producing a strongly alkaline solution, while remaining only sparingly soluble in alcohols and acetone.

PREPARATION of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
Diguanidinium carbonate is obtained in 85.5% yield by treating the nitrate with NaOH in abs. alc., refluxing 1 hr., cooling to 10°, filtering off the NaNO3, satg. the filtrate with CO2 at 5℃, filtering off the NaHCO3, heating to 60℃ to decomp. the guanidine bicarbonate to CO2 and Diguanidinium carbonate, and filtering off the Diguanidinium carbonate which ppts.
Alternatively, the satn. may be carried out at 60-65℃, but the purity of the product drops to 93% from 96%.

Production of Diguanidinium carbonate from Dicyandiamidincarbonat by cooking the aqueous Lsg., characterised in.
that the cooking with continuous introduction of CO2 takes place.
It is thus obtained without any cleavage to urea, CO2 and NH3 quantitatively pure Diguanidinium carbonate.

Time script formation is a 20 to 25°/0ig.
Dicyandiamidincarbonatlsg with continuous feeding of CO2 and simultaneous concentration approximately 5-6 hours cooked.
The result is an approximately 50%.

In addition, production of Diguanidinium carbonate from aqueous solutions of other guanidine salts by double conversion, characterised in.
that, in these solutions NH3 in the shot to the binding of the required carbonate quantity required, further (NH4)2CO3 or NH4HCO3 approximately in the formation of Diguanidinium carbonate theoret.

required amount is introduced and the auskrist.
Salt is separated off, wherein the supply amount of NH3 and carbonate are such that after transient Auflsg.
of added carbonate with which I no (NH4) 2CO3 fails.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
Chemical Name: Diguanidinium Carbonate
Common Name: Guanidine Carbonate
IUPAC Name: Bis(guanidinium) carbonate
CAS Number: 593-85-1
EC Number: 209-813-7
Molecular Formula: C₃H₁₂N₆O₃
Molecular Weight: 180.17 g/mol
PubChem CID: 11650
ChemSpider ID: 11160
Chemical Class: Guanidinium salt, Organic base, Carbonate salt
Appearance: White crystalline powder or crystals

Physical State: Solid
Crystal System: Tetragonal
Physical State: Solid
Appearance: White crystalline powder or crystals
Color: White to almost white
Odor: Odorless or faint odor
Molecular Formula: C₃H₁₂N₆O₃
Molecular Weight: 180.17 g/mol
Melting Point: 231–250°C (decomposes)
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Density: 1.24–1.29 g/cm³

Bulk Density: 500–700 kg/m³
Vapor Pressure: Approximately 0 Pa at 25°C
Water Solubility: Approximately 450 g/L (20–22°C)
Solubility in Ethanol: Slightly soluble
Solubility in Acetone: Slightly soluble
pH (110 g/L Solution): Approximately 11.7
pKa: Approximately 12.5
Log P: Approximately −1.63
Autoignition Temperature: Approximately 530°C
Crystal System: Tetragonal

Chemical Formula: C3H12N6O3
Molar Mass: 180.168 g·mol−1
Appearance: White solid
Density: 1.24 g/cm3[1]
Melting Point: 250 °C (482 °F; 523 K)[2] (decomposes)
Structure[1]
Crystal Structure: tetragonal
Space Group: P41212 (No. 92)
Lattice Constant: a = 6.982 Å, c = 19.635 Å
Formula Units (Z): 4 units per cell
CBNumber: CB1200944

Molecular Formula: C2H7N3O3
Molecular Weight: 121.1
MDL Number: MFCD00013029
MOL File: 593-85-1.mol
Melting Point: >300 °C(lit.)
Density: 1.25
Bulk Density: 500-700kg/m3
Vapor Pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
Storage Temperature: Store below +30°C.
Solubility: 450g/l
Form: Crystalline Powder

pKa: 12.5[at 20 ℃]
Color: White to almost white
pH: 11.7 (110g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Odor: Faint odor
Water Solubility: 450 g/L (20 ºC)
BRN: 3628359
Cosmetics Ingredients Functions: SKIN CONDITIONING
BUFFERING
InChI: 1S/2CH5N3.CH2O3/c32-1(3)4/h2(H5,2,3,4);(H2,2,3,4)
InChIKey: KMSRVXJGTIRNNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: NC(N)=N.NC(N)=N.OC(O)=O
LogP: -1.63 at 20℃

CAS DataBase Reference: 593-85-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
EWG's Food Scores: 1
FDA UNII: V3394X3G2W
NIST Chemistry Reference: Guanidine carbonate(593-85-1)
EPA Substance Registry System: Guanidine carbonate (2:1) (593-85-1)
UNSPSC Code: 12352107
NACRES: NA.22
Molecular Weight: 180.17 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 8
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 5
Rotatable Bond Count: 0

Exact Mass: 180.09708827 Da
Monoisotopic Mass: 180.09708827 Da
Topological Polar Surface Area: 209 Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 12
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 52.5
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 3

Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Linear Formula: (CH5N3)2 · H2CO3
CAS Number: 593-85-1
Molecular Weight: 180.17
UNSPSC Code: 12352107
EC Index Number: 209-813-7
NACRES: NA.22
MDL Number: MFCD00013029
Form: powder
Physical State: powder, finecrystalline
Color: white
Odor: odorless
Melting Point/Freezing Point: Melting point: 231 °C - OECD Test Guideline 102

Initial Boiling Point and Boiling Range: No data available
Flammability (Solid, Gas): The product is not flammable. - Flammability (solids)
Upper/Lower Flammability or Explosive Limits: No data available
Flash Point: No data available
Autoignition Temperature: >= 400 °C
at 1.013 hPa - Relative self-ignition temperature for solids
Decomposition Temperature: No data available
pH: 11,7 at 110 g/l at 20 °C
Viscosity: Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water Solubility: 450 g/l at ca.22 °C - OECD Test Guideline 105- completely soluble
Partition Coefficient: n-octanol/water

log Pow: <= -1,43 at 22 °C - Bioaccumulation is not expected.
Vapor Pressure: No data available
Density: 1,29 g/cm3 at 22 °C
Relative Density: No data available
Relative Vapor Density: No data available
Particle Characteristics: No data available
Explosive Properties: No data available
Oxidizing Properties: none
Other Safety Information: No data available
Bulk Density: 500 - 700 kg/m3
Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight: C2H10N6·H2CO3 = 180.17
Physical State (20 deg.C): Solid

Storage Temperature: Room Temperature (Recommended in a cool and dark place, <15°C)
CAS RN: 593-85-1
Reaxys Registry Number: 3628359
PubChem Substance ID: 87570356
MDL Number: MFCD00013029
Other (deleted CASRN): 3425-08-9
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg: 209-813-7
FDA UNII: V3394X3G2W
Beilstein Number: 3628359
MDL: MFCD00013029
Molecular Weight: 180.16824000
Formula: C3 H12 N6 O3
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Soluble in: water, 1e+006 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)

FIRST AID MEASURES of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of DIGUANIDINIUM CARBONATE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

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