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Dimer Acid is a light yellow transparent viscous liquid with good thermal stability: it does not crystallize at a low temperature of-20 °C, and does not lose its transparent fluidity; it does not evaporate or gel at 250 °C.
Dimer Acid is almost colorless and transparent liquid, and the color is not easy to deepen even when heated.
Dimer Acid is insoluble in water, but soluble in ether, ethanol, acetone, chloroform, benzene, petroleum series solvents.
CAS Number: 61788-89-4
Molecular Formula: C36H64O4
Molecular Weight: 560.91Dimer Acid
EINECS Number: 500-1480
Synonyms: DIMER ACID, EC 500-148-0, 9-[(Z)-non-3-enyl]-10-octylnonadecanedioic acid, Dimer Acid, SCHEMBL633756, DTXSID70873445, 9-[(3Z)-non-3-en-1-yl]-10-octylnonadecanedioic acid, 1572670-81-5FATTYACIDS,DIMERACIDS;Fatty acids, diMeracids, C18;Dimer Fatty acid;(Octadecadienoic acid) dipolymer;Fatty acids, C18-unsatd., dimers;Fatty acids, C18 unsaturated dimers;FATTYACIDSUNSATURATEDC18DIMERSNON-DISTILLED;FATTYACIDSUNSATURATEDC18DIMERSDISTILLED.
Dimer Acid is a multifunctional compound, so it can carry out many chemical reactions and has similar reactivity to general unsaturated fatty acids.
It can react with alkali metals to form metal salts, and can also be derived into acid chlorides, amides, esters, diisocyanates and other products.
Dimer Acid typically refers to a mixture of dimers of fatty acids that have a 36-carbon backbone.
The "C36" designation refers to the number of carbon atoms in the molecule.
The dimerization process involves the chemical reaction of two molecules of unsaturated fatty acid (like linoleic acid) under controlled conditions to form a larger molecule with a closed-ring structure.
It is usually a viscous, yellowish liquid or solid, depending on its specific formulation.
The molecular formula of Dimer Acid can vary slightly, but it generally has around 36 carbon atoms in its structure.
Dimer Acid contains two or more carboxylic acid groups, which make it reactive and useful in forming resins and adhesives.
Dimer Acid is prepared by heating and polymerizing unsaturated fatty acid under the action of catalyst.
Dimer Acid is obtained by heat polymerization of an unsaturated fatty acid under the action of a catalyst.
The reaction mechanism of dimerization, at present, the more consistent view is the theory of Diels-Alder addition reaction between conjugated and non-conjugated unsaturated fatty acids.
For example, with cotton oil fatty acid as raw material, the double bond of linoleic acid is co-formed after heating, and oleic acid is dehydrogenated into Dimer Acid under the action of catalyst, and the double bond is also co-formed after heating, these two co-substituted Dimer Acids become the Diene in the reaction, while the non-conjugated linoleic acid and undehydrogenated oleic acid become the diene affinity in the reaction, both in 1, the addition at the 4-position produces various substituents of cyclohexene dimer acids, which are mostly viscous substances.
Of course, two dehydrogenated oleic acid can also be synthesized by free radical reaction, but in the raw materials mainly oleic acid and linoleic acid, most of them are polymerized by Diels-Alder reaction.
The dimer acid may also be mixed with other dibasic acids and then mixed with a polyol to form a polyester.
The properties of the mixed polyesters are intermediate between those of the polyesters formed from a single dibasic acid or a dimer acid.
This provides advantages for the synthesis of polyesters of various properties.
Dimer Acid, or dimerized fatty acids, are dicarboxylic acids prepared by dimerizing unsaturated fatty acids obtained from tall oil, usually on clay catalysts.
Dimer Acids are used primarily for synthesis of polyamide resins and polyamide hot melt adhesives.
They are also used in alkyd resins, adhesives, surfactants, as fuel oil additives, lubricants, etc.
Dimer Acid is a light yellow or yellow viscous transparent liquid.
Dimer Acid usually contains predominantly a dimer of oleic acid.
It is also called Dimer Acid.
Dimer Acid is a corresponding material where the resulting molecule consists of three fatty acid molecules.
Dimer Acids can be converted to dimer amines by reaction with ammonia and subsequent reduction.
Dimer Acid, hydrogenated can be used as a corrosion inhibitor for the protection of lead metal substrates.
Dimer Acid can also be used in polyamide based hot melting adhesives as a thermoplastic polymer for electronic boards, textiles and packaging systems.
Dimer Acids (dimerized fatty acids) are dicarboxylic acids produced by dimerizing unsaturated fatty acids obtained from tall oil, oleic acid, canola oil or cottonseed oil, usually on clay catalysts.
Dimer Acids can be used to synthesize polyamide resins and hot melt adhesives.
They are also used in alkyd resins, adhesives, surfactants, fuel oil additives and lubricants.
Dimer Acid is also called Dimer Acid.
Dimer Acid is a corresponding material where the resulting molecule consists of three fatty acid molecules.
Dimer Acids can be converted to dimer amines by reaction with ammonia and subsequent reduction.
Improves exibility, toughness, impact resistance, dyeability and hydrolytic stability of polymers.
Dimer Acid, hydrogenated is a fatty acid with 36 carbon atoms.
Dimer Acid consists of a cyclohexene ring which can be synthesized by clay-catalyzed dimerization at 230-250°C.
Dimer Acids, also known as dimerized fatty acids, are dicarboxylic acids that are made by dimerizing unsaturated fatty acids obtained from tall oil, oleic acid, canola, or cottonseed oil, generally on clay catalysts.
Dimer Acids are also used in the manufacture of alkyd resins, adhesives, surfactants, as fuel oil additives, and lubricant.
Dimer Acids are produced from different fatty acids by heating.
Necessary are a fatty acid with conjugated double bonds or other unsaturated fatty acids.
Examples of such fatty acids are conjugated linoleic Dimer Acids.
The reaction is carried out via Diels-Alder addition, whereby a partially unsaturated C6 ring is formed.
Besides the dimer, trimers as well as (unreacted) monomers of the fatty acids may be present in the mixture.
Wilmar Dimer Acid is a mixture which contains mainly C36 di-functional fatty acid and C54 tri-functional fatty acid with a natural origin.
Dimer Acid is in the form of yellow viscous liquid.
Because the polymerization of unsaturated fatty acids is a complex chemical reaction, the unsaturated fatty acid molecules involved in the reaction can be combined with each other in different ways, thus producing a lot of isomers, such as the double bond of CIS, inverse geometric isomers, component isomers resulting from the "head-to-head" or "head-to-tail" joining of molecules, linear or cyclic structural isomers, and the like.
The Dimer Acid has a molecular formula of C36H64O4, a molecular weight of 560.91, and a relative density of 0.95.
Pure Dimer Acid is light yellow transparent viscous liquid, with good thermal stability: no crystallization at low temperature of -20 ℃, no loss of transparent fluidity; No evaporation at 250 ℃, no gelation.
When heated in air, the color will be significantly darker.
Exposure to metal ions, especially copper and iron ions, will promote color deterioration.
Hydrogenated dimer acid is an almost colorless, transparent liquid that is less likely to deepen in color even when heated.
Dimer Acid is insoluble in water, but soluble in ether, ethanol, acetone, chloroform, benzene, petroleum solvents.
The structure of the dimer acid is also very different due to the different raw materials used.
Dimer Acid raw materials and the structure.
In the production, different raw materials can be selected according to the requirements of the final product on the structure of the dimer acid.
The United States, Japan and other countries mainly to tall oil fatty acid as raw material, in China, most of the soybean oil, cotton oil, sunflower oil, corn germ oil and low erucic acid rapeseed oil fatty acid as raw material.
Dimer Acid, the unsaponifiable matter content according to the difference of catalyst and polymerization technology, there is obvious high and low.
High unsaponifiable matter content in 3 ~ 5%; And low unsaponifiable matter content is only 1 ~ 2%.
The commercial Dimer Acid is mainly a single distilled dimer acid.
Different varieties of Dimer Acid, its performance is also different, the same variety is also due to the use of different raw materials and the nature of the difference.
Such as the United States dimer content of 87%, 83%, 75% Dimer Acid were high, medium and low grade three ordinary commodity dimer acid.
These products are generally referred to as the first distilled or single distilled dimer acid, such as the first distilled Dimer Acid distillation again to be distilled dimer acid (or double distilled dimer acid), the dimer content of up to 95%.
Also known as high-purity Dimer Acid.
If the dimer acid is hydrogenated again, a hydrogenated Dimer Acid with very light color and excellent oxidation resistance can be obtained.
High purity Dimer Acid and hydrogenated dimer acid are mostly used in some occasions requiring special properties.
Dimer Acid is the main material in the synthesis of bioelastomer.
The preparation of Dimer Acid from vegetable oil such as crude palm oil and jatropha seed oil via Diels-Alder reaction were investigated.
The Dimer Acid based vegetable oil was obtained by reacting vegetable oil with 12% by weight of acrylic acid and 0.05 – 0.15% by weight
of iodine catalyst at temperature 191.25 – 247.5 oC for 1 – 2 hours.
Dimer Acids were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, degree of acidity and acid value determination.
The main starting material for the production of Dimer Acid is linoleic acid (a polyunsaturated fatty acid) or oleic acid (a monounsaturated fatty acid).
These acids are commonly derived from plant oils such as soybean oil, safflower oil, or sunflower oil.
The dimerization of unsaturated fatty acids to form Dimer Acid typically occurs under heat and pressure, using a catalyst.
This process links two molecules of fatty acid, creating a cyclic structure with a 36-carbon chain.
The reaction is exothermic, and it results in a mixture of dimer and trimer acids.
The chemical structure of Dimer Acid consists of long hydrocarbon chains with carboxylic acid functional groups at the ends.
The dimer acid structure can be represented as two fatty acid molecules linked by a carbon-carbon bond, forming a cyclic or linear structure.
The product can contain varying amounts of dimers and trimers.
Dimer Acids typically consist of two linked molecules, while trimer acids result from the linking of three molecules.
The presence of these different forms influences the properties and performance of the final product.
Dimer Acid is one of several types of dimer acids. Other common dimer acids include C18 Dimer Acid (derived from shorter-chain fatty acids) and C48 Dimer Acid (derived from longer-chain fatty acids).
The specific properties of the dimer acid can vary depending on the fatty acid source and the degree of polymerization.
Dimer Acid is typically quite viscous, especially in its pure form.
This is a result of its high molecular weight and the presence of multiple long carbon chains.
Its melting point is generally in the range of 50-60°C (122-140°F), which means it can be a solid or semi-solid at room temperature, depending on the specific formulation.
Dimer Acid is generally insoluble in water but is soluble in most organic solvents like alcohol, ether, and acetone.
The color will darken significantly when heated in air.
Exposure to metal ions, especially copper and iron ions, can promote color deterioration.
Dimer Acid refers to the dimerization of linear unsaturated fatty acid or unsaturated fatty acid ester with linoleic acid of natural oil as the main component, which is self-condensed through Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction under the catalysis of clay.
Dimer Acid is a mixture of isomers in which the main components are dimers, small amounts of trimers or multimers and minor amounts of unreacted monomers.
Dimer Acid is a type of dimer acid, which is a chemical compound primarily derived from the dimerization of unsaturated fatty acids, usually linoleic acid or oleic acid.
It is commonly used in various industrial applications, particularly in the production of resins, coatings, and adhesives.
Dimer Acid is a mixture of various isomers, in which the main components are dimers, small amounts of trimers or multimers, and traces of unreacted monomers.
Dimer Acid, refers to the natural oil linoleic acid as the main component of the straight chain of unsaturated fatty acids or unsaturated fatty acid esters in the white clay catalysis, the dimer is self-polycondensed by a Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction or the like.
vapor pressure: 0-0.029Pa at 25℃
form: Viscous
InChI: InChI 1S/C36H68O4/c1-3-5-7-9-11-16-22-28-34(30-24-18-14-20-26-32-36(39)40)33(27-21-15-10-8-6-4-2)29-23-17-12-13-19-25-31-35(37)38/h11,16,33-34H,3-10,12-15,17-32H2,1-2H3,(H,37,38)(H,39,40)/b16-11-
InChIKey: AMOKUAKXKXBFIW-WJDWOHSUSA-N
SMILES: C(O)(=O)CCCCCCCC(CC/C=CCCCCC)C(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O
LogP: 1-14.81 at pH2
Dimer Acids usually consist of stearic acids, therefore called as Dimer Acid.
This chemistry of Dimer acid can further produce trimer acid comprising of three fatty acid molecules.
Dimer Acids are transparent light yellow colored viscous liquids which are non-toxic in nature.
Dimer Acid is obtained by heating and polymerizing unsaturated fatty acid under the action of catalyst.
The reaction mechanism of dimerization, the current consensus view is the theory of Diels-Alder addition reaction between conjugated and non-conjugated unsaturated fatty acids.
Dimer Acid-based polyamides were synthesized by condensation polymerization in the absence and presence of monofunctional reactants.
Dimer Acid, oleic acid and propyl amine were used as monofunctional reactants.
The inuences of the equivalent percentage (E%) and type of monofunctional reactant on the physical properties of dimer acid-based polyamides such as glass transition temperature (T-g), melting point (T-m), heat of fusion (Delta H), degree of polymerization (DP), number average molecular weight (M-n), and kinematic viscosity were investigated.
The molecular weight and viscosity of dimer acid-based polyamides decreased with the increase in equivalent percentage of monofunctional reactant.
Dierential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies showed that acetic acid and propyl amine had higher eect on the thermal properties of polyamides than that of oleic acid.
In the case of polyamides prepared in the presence of Dimer Acid, the values of T-g, T-m, and Delta H of the polyamides increased remarkably with the increase in acetic acid content.
Dimer Acid is a distilled dimer acid that provids high dimer acid content with a very low monomer and low trimer content and improved color and color stability.
This Dimer Acid is designed for use in high quality, high molecular weight, low color polyamide resins and specialty polyesters.
Other uses include: surfactants, urethane polymers, ink resins, various surface coatings, hot melt adhesives and lubricants.
Dimer Acid, or dimerized fatty acids, are dicarboxylic acids prepared by dimerizing unsaturated fatty acids obtained from tall oil, usually on clay catalysts.
Dimer Acids are used primarily for synthesis of polyamide resins and polyamide hot melt adhesives.
Dimer Acids are also used in alkyd resins, adhesives, surfactants, as fuel oil additives, lubricants, etc.
Dimer Acid is a light yellow or yellow viscous transparent liquid.
Dimer Acid usually contains predominantly a dimer of stearic acid.
Dimer Acid was grafted onto lignin (EHL) to form a graft copolymer DA-g-EHL.
The selection of the reaction type and the optimization of the reaction conditions for the grafting reaction were conducted through orthogonal and single factor experiments.
Dimer Acid is used as a curing agent for epoxy resins.
When mixed with epoxy resins, it helps the polymerization process by promoting cross-linking and improving the mechanical properties of the cured resin.
These resins are commonly used in fiber-reinforced composites, coatings, and adhesives.
In epoxy systems, Dimer Acid-based hardeners provide superior flexibility, chemical resistance, and impact resistance, making them ideal for applications in industries such as construction, automotive, and aerospace.
Dimer Acid is widely used in the production of alkyd resins for industrial paints and coatings.
It helps improve the adhesion of the coating to metal and other surfaces, enhancing the durability and resistance to environmental factors like UV radiation and chemicals.
Dimer Acid also plays a role in producing coatings for wood, plastics, and textiles, where its flexibility and resistance to wear and tear are highly valued.
In the lubricant industry, Dimer Acid is used to create lubricant additives and plasticizers that enhance the performance of oils and greases, especially in harsh conditions where higher temperatures and stress are involved.
It helps in reducing friction and wear, extending the lifespan of machinery components.
As a plasticizer, Dimer Acid improves the flexibility and workability of polymer products, making it useful in the rubber and plastics industries.
Dimer Acid is a key component in many adhesives and sealants, particularly for applications that require strong bonding and flexibility.
It provides improved adhesion to a wide range of materials, including metals, wood, glass, and plastics, and helps create durable, long-lasting seals that are resistant to moisture, heat, and chemicals.
Dimer Acid is used in the formulation of adhesives for construction (e.g., tile adhesives, caulks) and in automotive sealants that require high resistance to heat, vibration, and weathering.
Dimer Acid is used to create polyamide resins (nylon) by reacting with diamines to form polyamide-imide resins.
These resins are widely used in engineering plastics due to their excellent mechanical properties, such as high strength, rigidity, and resistance to chemicals and heat.
It is also used in the manufacture of rubber compounds, particularly in applications requiring improved chemical resistance, flexibility, and adhesion.
Dimer Acid-modified rubbers are used in tire manufacturing, gaskets, and seals, where long-lasting durability and flexibility are critical.
Dimer Acid can cause skin and eye irritation.
In case of skin contact, it is recommended to wash with soap and water immediately, and eye contact may require flushing with water for several minutes.
Dimer Acid has low acute toxicity, but prolonged exposure could cause dermatitis or other skin conditions, especially in people who are sensitive to fatty acids.
Vapor inhalation from hot material or dust particles may cause respiratory irritation.
Dimer Acid is advisable to work with it in well-ventilated areas.
Dimer Acids should not be released into the environment, especially water bodies, as they may be toxic to aquatic life.
Dimer Acids are produced from dierent fatty acids by heating.
Necessary are a fatty acid with conjugated double bonds or other unsaturated fatty acids.
Examples of such fatty acids are conjugated linoleic acids.
The reaction is carried out via Diels-Alder addition, whereby a partially unsaturated C6 ring is formed.
Besides the dimer, trimers as well as (unreacted) monomers of the fatty acids may be present in the mixture.
Dimer Acids also known as dimerized fatty acids are known to be dicarboxylic acids that are produced by a process of dimerizing unsaturated fatty acids.
These unsaturated Dimer Acids are obtained from fatty acid feedstock such as tallow oil, rapeseed oil and tall oil among others.
Dimer Acid is produced from tall oil fatty acid by heat treatment with or without use of a suitable catalyst.
They act as building blocks for several end-products due to its di-carboxylic acid reactivity.
Uses Of Dimer Acid:
Dimer Acid is often used as a curing agent for epoxy resins in the manufacture of composites, flooring, and industrial adhesives.
Used as a reactive diluent or crosslinking agent in various polymer formulations, improving the chemical resistance and durability of finished products.
Dimer Acid is used as a curing agent for epoxy resins, helping the polymerization process and promoting cross-linking.
This improves the mechanical properties of the cured resin, making it more durable, flexible, and resistant to wear and environmental conditions.
Epoxy systems using dimer acids are often used in composites, coatings, adhesives, and industrial flooring.
In the production of alkyd resins, Dimer Acid is a key ingredient for industrial paints and coatings.
Dimer Acid helps improve the adhesion of coatings to surfaces such as metal, plastic, wood, and glass.
It enhances durability and resistance to UV radiation, chemical exposure, moisture, and weathering, making it suitable for use in automotive paints, protective coatings, and corrosion-resistant coatings.
Dimer Acid is used in the formulation of lubricant additives and plasticizers.
In lubricants, it reduces friction and wear, extending the lifespan of equipment under high temperatures and heavy loads.
In plasticizers, it helps make plastics and rubber more flexible, improving their processability and durability in products like gaskets, seals, and rubber compounds.
Dimer Acid is used in the production of adhesives and sealants, Dimer Acid provides strong bonding and flexibility.
It is especially useful in industrial applications requiring high resistance to heat, moisture, and chemicals.
Common uses include tile adhesives, caulks, construction adhesives, and automotive sealants, which need to withstand extreme conditions.
Dimer Acid is involved in the production of polyamide resins (such as nylon) by reacting with diamines.
These polyamide resins are used in engineering plastics that require high strength, rigidity, and resistance to chemicals and heat, commonly found in automotive parts, electrical components, and machinery.
In the rubber industry, Dimer Acid is used in rubber compounding to improve chemical resistance, flexibility, and adhesion.
This is important for products like tire manufacturing, gaskets, seals, and other rubber-based products that are exposed to tough conditions.
Dimer Acids are sometimes used in cleaning formulations, especially for products that need to break down greases, oils, and other difficult-to-remove substances.
They help enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of such products.
Dimer Acid is used in surface treatment applications to improve the adhesion and durability of coatings on materials like metals and plastics.
It helps in the creation of protective films that offer resistance to rust, corrosion, and wear.
It plays a role in waterborne or low-VOC (volatile organic compound) coatings, where it provides enhanced durability and hardness, contributing to eco-friendly formulations without sacrificing performance.
Dimer Acid is used in the production of composite materials, particularly in the aerospace and automotive industries, where lightweight and high-performance materials are required.
It helps to enhance the bonding properties and chemical resistance of composites used in critical applications.
Dimer Acid is an important oleochemical that is widely used in coatings, surfactants, lubricants, printing inks, hot melt adhesives and other industries.
Dimer Acid has similar reactivity with common fatty acids, can be formed with alkali metal metal salts, can be derived into acid chloride, amide, ester, Diamine, diisocyanate and other products.
Dimer Acid with long chain alkane and cyclic structure, and a variety of solvents have good mutual solubility, good thermal stability, in the winter is not cured, and the vapor pressure still has anti-corrosion effect, good lubricity.
Therefore, Dimer Acid is widely used as an additive for fuel oil, lubricating oil, calender oil, hydraulic oil, cutting oil and the like.
The ester of this product can be effectively used as a viscosity stabilizer in a wide temperature range; The metal salt of this product is widely used as a thickener for Grease.
The application of the product in the manufacture of polyester resin accounts for 80-90% of the total consumption of Dimer acid, and the rest is used for oil additives, surfactants, synthetic paints, inks, adhesives, curing agents, etc. mainly used as modifier of polyamide resin, epoxy resin and additive of fuel oil, lubricating oil and cutting oil.
Dimer Acid is a key ingredient in the production of polyamides and alkyd resins, which are used in paints, coatings, and varnishes.
Used as an intermediate for producing lubricants, plasticizers, and surfactants that improve the performance of various industrial products.
Dimer Acids chemical structure makes it ideal for use in the production of adhesives and sealants, providing good bonding properties and flexibility.
In the production of protective coatings for metals, plastics, and wood, Dimer Acid provides chemical resistance, durability, and adhesion.
Safety Profile Of Dimer Acid:
It should not be released into the environment, particularly into water bodies, as it could harm aquatic organisms.
Dimer Acid can cause skin irritation and eye irritation upon contact. Prolonged exposure or repeated skin contact may lead to dermatitis or more severe skin damage.
In case of eye contact, it may cause redness, pain, and potential damage to the eye if not treated promptly.
Dimer Acid is recommended to wear protective gloves and goggles when handling this chemical to minimize the risk of irritation.
Exposure to Dimer Acid vapors, especially in high concentrations or in confined spaces, can cause respiratory irritation.
Symptoms may include coughing, shortness of breath, throat irritation, and difficulty breathing.
Inhalation of the vapors or dust should be avoided, and appropriate ventilation or respiratory protection should be used when working with this compound.
Dimer Acid and its derivatives can cause allergic skin reactions, including rash, itching, and redness.
In some cases, individuals may experience more severe reactions such as contact urticaria (hives) or sensitization upon repeated exposure.
Dimer Acid can cause skin and eye irritation upon contact. Proper protective equipment, including gloves and goggles, should be used when handling this chemical.
Inhalation of fumes or vapors can irritate the respiratory system, so good ventilation is recommended in work environments.
It is important to handle Dimer Acid carefully to avoid environmental contamination.
