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Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is a kind of oily linear polysiloxane produced from the hydrolysis and poly-condensation of chlorotrimethylsilane, ethyl chlorosilane, and phenyl chlorosilane containing mono-functional group and bifunctional group.
The commonly called Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) means the polydimethylsiloxane and polymethyl phenyl siloxane. Silicone oil is a kind of colorless, odorless, non-toxic, transparent, non-volatile liquid with non-corrosive effect on metal, low freezing point and good anti-water property and moisture resistance, low surface tension and being capable of being resistant to dilute acids and bases and has wide application in various national economy departments.
The viscosity of the Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) has small changes with temperature.
CAS: 63148-62-9
MF: C6H18OSi2
MW: 162.38
EINECS: 613-156-5
Synonyms
DIETHYL ETHER RECTIFIED;ETHYL ACETATE PESTINORM SUPRA TRACE;SILICONE FLUID;2,2,4,4-TETRAMETHYL-3-OXA-2,4-DISILAPENTANE;BIS(TRIMETHYLSILYL)ETHER;Hexamethyloxy disilane;HMDO;dimethylsilicone fluid
At-60~250 °C, Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) can be used as a lubricant agent for sextant, electromotor, shells aiming system and shipborne radar devices.
When being mixed with thickener such as carbon black and lithium stearate, it can be used for preparation of viscous grease for being applied to vacuum or high temperature sealing systems and the sealing of vacuum cocks, bushings, and valve.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) will not be cured by high compression with a relative high compressibility and can be used as liquid springs of aircraft and used for eliminating flutter in the buffer, shock absorption system to maintain the stability of the gauge pointer in aircraft cabin and damping of damper device.
Because of its non-corrosiveness on metal and long lifespan, Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is widely used as hydraulic pressure fluid in various kinds of delivery systems such as being the hydraulic pressure fluid of aircraft landing gear, flaps, doors, and speed brakes; Because of its small density, low viscosity, Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) can decrease the weight of the hydraulic pressure systems of the aircraft system by 45% compared with the mineral oil system.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is heat resistant and can be used as the heat transfer medium of-50~250 ℃; it does not absorb moisture and has excellent electrical insulation and can resist high temperature to be used as a dielectric liquid for being applied to the capacitors and the miniature transformer of encapsulating and impregnating.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is permeable to visible light and can be coated to the lens and optical glass to improve the light transmission properties; its being coated to the motion picture film can reduce the friction and extend the lifespan of the film.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) has a good water resistance and can be used for processing wool, rayon, nylon, cotton fabric and can be used for making waterproof fabric; it has a low surface tension and can be used for plastic and rubber mold releasing agents; in the food and textile industry, Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) can be used in defoamers.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is non-toxic with physiologically inertia and can be used for the treatment of flatulence and can also play a role of skin care when added to cosmetics.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) also known as dimethylpolysiloxane or dimethicone, is a silicone polymer with a wide variety of uses, from cosmetics to industrial lubrication and passive daytime radiative cooling.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is particularly known for its unusual rheological (or flow) properties.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is optically clear and, in general, inert, non-toxic, and non-flammable.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is one of several types of Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100).
The applications of Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) range from contact lenses and medical devices to elastomers; it is also present in shampoos (as it makes hair shiny and slippery), food (antifoaming agent), caulk, lubricants and heat-resistant tiles.
Any of a large group of siloxane polymers based on a structure consisting of alternate silicon and oxygen atoms with various organic radicals attached to the silicon.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) Chemical Properties
Melting point: −59 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 101 °C(lit.)
density: 0.963 g/mL at 25 °C
Tg: -123
vapor density: >1 (vs air)
vapor pressure: <5 mm Hg ( 25 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.377(lit.)
Fp: >270 °C (518 °F)
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Sparingly), Toluene (Sparingly)
form: Oily Liquid
Specific Gravity: 0.853
color: Clear colorless
Odor: Odorless
Water Solubility: PRACTICALLY INSOLUBLE
Merck: 14,8495
Dielectric constant: 2.7（Ambient）
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Cosmetics Ingredients Functions: SKIN PROTECTING
SKIN CONDITIONING - EMOLLIENT
SKIN CONDITIONING
ANTIFOAMING
EPA Substance Registry System: Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) (63148-62-9)
ECETOC JACC REPORT: Silicone oil (63148-62-9)
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is milk-white viscous liquid and is non-volatile and odorless.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) has a relative density of O.98~1.02.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is miscible with benzene, gasoline and other kinds of chlorinated hydrocarbons, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons; it is not soluble in methanol, ethanol and water, but can be dispersed in water.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is Non-flammable, non-corrosive and is chemically stable.
ADI: 0~1.5mg /start (FAO/WHO, 1994).
Structure
The chemical formula of Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is CH3[Si (CH3)2O]nSi(CH3)3, where n is the number of repeating monomer [Si(CH3)2O] units.
A traditional synthesis entails treating dimethyldichlorosilane with water as described by the following idealized reaction:
n Si(CH3)2Cl2 + nH2O → [Si(CH3)2O]n + 2 HCl
The polymerization reaction evolves hydrochloric acid.
For some domestic applications, a process was developed in which the chlorine atoms in the silane precursor were replaced with acetate groups.
In this case, the polymerization produces acetic acid, which is less chemically aggressive than HCl.
As a side-effect, the curing process is also much slower in this case.
The acetate is used in consumer applications, such as silicone caulk and adhesives.
Commercial routes to Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) usually involve ring-opening polymerization of cyclic siloxanes. A representative reaction would start with hexamethyltrisiloxane:
n[Si(CH3)2O]3 → [Si(CH3)2O]3n
In reality, a series of ring sizes comprise the precursor cyclic siloxanes.
The reaction is typically catalyzed by base, such as an alkali metal oxide.
The base must be removed when the polymerization is complete.
Mechanical properties
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is viscoelastic, meaning that at long flow times (or high temperatures), it acts like a viscous liquid, similar to honey.
However, at short flow times (or low temperatures), it acts like an elastic solid, similar to rubber.
Viscoelasticity is a form of nonlinear elasticity that is common amongst noncrystalline polymers.
The loading and unloading of a stress-strain curve for PDMS do not coincide; rather, the amount of stress will vary based on the degree of strain, and the general rule is that increasing strain will result in greater stiffness.
When the load itself is removed, the strain is slowly recovered (rather than instantaneously).
This time-dependent elastic deformation results from the long-chains of the polymer.
But the process that is described above is only relevant when cross-linking is present; when Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is not, the polymer PDMS cannot shift back to the original state even when the load is removed, resulting in a permanent deformation.
However, permanent deformation is rarely seen in PDMS, since it is almost always cured with a cross-linking agent.
If some PDMS is left on a surface overnight (long flow time), Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) will flow to cover the surface and mold to any surface imperfections.
However, if the same Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is poured into a spherical mold and allowed to cure (short flow time), it will bounce like a rubber ball.
The mechanical properties of Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) enable this polymer to conform to a diverse variety of surfaces.
Since these properties are affected by a variety of factors, this unique polymer is relatively easy to tune.
This enables Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) to become a good substrate that can easily be integrated into a variety of microfluidic and microelectromechanical systems.
Specifically, the determination of mechanical properties can be decided before Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is cured; the uncured version allows the user to capitalize on myriad opportunities for achieving a desirable elastomer.
Generally, the cross-linked cured version of Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) resembles rubber in a solidified form.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is widely known to be easily stretched, bent, compressed in all directions.
Depending on the application and field, the user is able to tune the properties based on what is demanded.
Uses
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) can be used as emulsifiers.
China has provided that Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) can be applied during the fermentation process with the maximum usage amount being 0.2g/kg.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) can be used as advanced lubricants, anti-vibration oil, insulating oil, defoamers, release agents, polishes and vacuum diffusion pump oil.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100)It can be used as the paint for prevention of moisture and rust of metal surface.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) can also be used as the coating for the surfaces of buildings for prevention of water.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used as hardening polyurethane foams additive.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) can be used for a wide range of applications such as: heat transferring medium in chemical and petrochemical industries, a dielectric coolant, protective coatings for building materials, a cosmetic additive.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) can be used for applications such as: protective coatings for building materials, a cosmetic additive, a dielectric coolant, a lubricant and antiflatulent agent.
Production method
The Poly methyl siloxane and gas-phase silicon dioxide are mixed and crushed using roller to silica grease, then add polyoxyethylene alcohol, Tween 80 and deionized water for emulsion to generate it.
Production Methods
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) elastomers are generally prepared from chlorosilanes.
The chlorosilanes are hydrolyzed to give hydroxyl compounds that condense to form elastomers.
Applications include electrical insulation, gaskets, surgical membranes and implants, and automobile engine components.
