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DESCRIPTION
Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is a high-quality, clear, odorless liquid made from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a type of silicone.
This silicone oil is widely used in a variety of personal care products due to its unique properties, offering smoothness, moisture retention, and protection without feeling greasy.
It’s known for its versatility and effectiveness in improving the texture and performance of lotions, creams, and hair products.
Cas number: 63148-62-9
SYNONYMS
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS),Dimethylpolysiloxane,Silicone Oil,Dimethylsilicone,Silicone Fluid
Definition of Dimethicone
Dimethicone, also known as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), is a type of silicone oil primarily composed of alternating silicon-oxygen bonds with methyl groups attached to the silicon atoms.
Dimethicone 100 refers to a specific grade of Dimethicone with a defined viscosity, which is typically around 100 centistokes (cSt).
Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is widely used due to its unique properties such as smoothness, water resistance, and non-reactivity.
Chemical Structure
Dimethicone is a polymer consisting of repeating units of siloxane (Si-O) bonded with methyl groups (CH₃).
The chemical structure can be represented as:
[Si-O-Si-O-Si-O-]n (where n represents the number of repeating units in the chain).
The methyl groups attached to the silicon atoms make Dimethicone hydrophobic (water-repellent), which contributes to its excellent use in personal care and industrial applications.
Overview of Silicone Oils
Silicone oils like Dimethicone are synthesized from siloxane compounds, where the backbone of the molecule consists of alternating silicon and oxygen atoms.
These oils are highly versatile due to their thermal stability, low surface tension, and lubricating properties.
Other types of silicone oils include cyclopentasiloxane, trimethylsiloxane, and others, which vary in viscosity, volatility, and application.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Appearance
Dimethicone 100 is typically a colorless, odorless, clear liquid with a smooth and slippery texture.
Its appearance is similar to other types of silicone oils but differs in its viscosity.
The "100" grade refers to its viscosity, which is approximately 100 centistokes (cSt) at 25°C, making it thicker than lower-grade Dimethicone oils.
Chemical Composition
Dimethicone’s molecular structure consists of silicon atoms bonded to oxygen atoms, with each silicon atom having two methyl groups attached.
This composition makes it highly hydrophobic, providing water and moisture barrier properties, while its chemical stability ensures minimal interaction with other substances.
Thermal and Chemical Stability
One of Dimethicone’s most significant advantages is its stability under extreme temperatures.
It can withstand temperatures ranging from -50°C to 200°C without breaking down, which is why it is used in high-temperature industrial applications.
Dimethicone is also inert to most chemicals, making it an ideal lubricant and protector for a wide range of applications.
Viscosity Range and Variations
Viscosity refers to the thickness or flow resistance of a liquid. Dimethicone's viscosity can range from low (around 0.65 cSt) to high (greater than 1,000,000 cSt), with Dimethicone 100 falling in the middle of this spectrum.
The viscosity affects its spreadability and its effectiveness in personal care products.
Higher viscosity forms thicker layers and is often used in hair serums or high-performance moisturizers.
Manufacturing and Synthesis
Synthesis Process of Dimethicone
The synthesis of Dimethicone involves the polymerization of silanes (SiH₄ or related compounds) with water or alcohols.
The process typically starts with the creation of siloxane intermediates, followed by polymerization in the presence of a catalyst.
Step 1: Silane compounds (like dimethyl dichlorosilane) react with water, releasing hydrochloric acid.
Step 2: This leads to the formation of the siloxane polymer backbone.
Step 3: The polymer undergoes hydrolysis and condensation, creating Dimethicone.
Once the polymerization reaches the desired molecular weight and viscosity, the product is purified and distilled to remove any impurities or by-products.
Industrial Scale Production
Dimethicone 100 is produced on an industrial scale by manufacturers who control the viscosity and purity.
The production process involves maintaining precise reaction conditions, such as temperature and pressure, to achieve the desired molecular weight.
Quality control measures are critical to ensuring the consistency and reliability of the final product.
Applications of Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil
Personal Care and Cosmetics
Dimethicone 100 is widely used in personal care products due to its smooth feel, moisture retention, and non-comedogenic properties.
It’s found in:
Moisturizers: Helps to lock in moisture and protect the skin from external irritants.
Shampoos and Conditioners: Adds shine, smooths the hair cuticle, and reduces frizz.
Makeup: Used as a base in foundation and primers to create a smooth application.
Medical and Pharmaceutical Uses
Dimethicone is used in medical applications due to its biocompatibility and non-reactivity.
It serves as a lubricant in:
Medical devices: Coatings for catheters and surgical equipment.
Wound care: Dimethicone is sometimes used in barrier creams for wound protection.
Oral care: It is used in some toothpastes to improve texture and spreadability.
Industrial Applications
Dimethicone 100 is also used in various industrial applications, where its lubricating and water-repellent properties are beneficial.
Some uses include:
Lubricants: As a lubricant in machinery and automotive components.
Antifoam agents: Used in manufacturing processes to reduce foam formation.
Construction and Textiles: Used for water repellency in fabrics and textiles.
Food Industry
In the food industry, Dimethicone can be used in food processing as an anti-foaming agent.
It’s considered safe and is approved for use in food contact materials by various regulatory bodies, provided it meets specific purity standards.
Benefits of Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil
Hydrophobic Properties
Dimethicone 100’s hydrophobic nature makes it effective in creating water-repellent coatings on the skin, hair, and other surfaces.
This provides enhanced protection against water damage, especially in hair care and skin care products.
Moisture Retention
Dimethicone helps to seal moisture into the skin by forming a barrier that prevents water loss, making it an effective ingredient in hydrating lotions and creams.
Non-comedogenic Effects
Unlike many oils, Dimethicone does not clog pores. It’s frequently used in formulations for acne-prone skin due to its non-comedogenic properties, providing smooth application without causing breakouts.
Durability and Longevity
Dimethicone-based products offer long-lasting effects, as the silicone forms a durable and flexible layer that is resistant to breakdown.
This longevity makes it ideal for use in hair care products like serums or heat protection sprays.
Thermal Stability and Resistance to Degradation
The exceptional thermal stability of Dimethicone makes it ideal for use in harsh conditions where other compounds might degrade, such as in high-performance industrial lubricants or hair care products exposed to heat styling.
Mechanism of Action
Skin Interactions
Dimethicone acts as a skin protectant by forming a thin, invisible barrier over the skin.
This helps to lock in moisture while preventing external irritants from penetrating the skin. It can also create a smooth surface, improving the application and feel of other cosmetic products.
Hair Interaction
When used in hair care products, Dimethicone forms a protective layer on the hair shaft.
This reduces moisture loss, adds shine, and smoothens the cuticle.
It also protects hair from environmental damage, including UV exposure and heat styling.
Lubrication and Friction Reduction
Dimethicone is used as a lubricant in various industrial applications due to its ability to reduce friction and wear on machinery.
This helps improve the efficiency and longevity of industrial equipment.
Market and Economic Impact
Global Market Trends
The global demand for Dimethicone continues to grow due to its widespread use in personal care, medical, and industrial sectors.
The increasing awareness of its benefits in consumer products has contributed to its rising popularity.
Leading Manufacturers
Key players in the Dimethicone market include Dow Inc., Wacker Chemie AG, and Momentive Performance Materials.
These companies dominate the production of Dimethicone, supplying it for a wide range of applications.
Sustainability and Alternative Silicones
Sustainability concerns have led to the exploration of alternative silicone-based compounds that are more biodegradable and eco-friendly.
The shift towards greener alternatives is gaining momentum as consumers demand more sustainable products.
Future Trends and Research
New Applications
Emerging research is exploring new uses for Dimethicone in biotechnology, such as in the development of drug delivery systems and wound healing treatments.
Innovations are also focusing on its use in medical coatings and devices.
Advancements in Manufacturing
The trend toward more energy-efficient and sustainable manufacturing processes is ongoing.
New methods are being explored to reduce the environmental impact of Dimethicone production, including waste reduction and cleaner manufacturing practices.
Innovative Alternatives
Researchers are also exploring alternative silicone oils and polymers that mimic the properties of Dimethicone but with improved biodegradability and reduced environmental impact.
Dimethicone 100 silicone oil plays a crucial role in various industries, from personal care to industrial applications.
Its unique chemical properties, such as hydrophobicity, thermal stability, and non-reactivity, make it indispensable in formulations that require smoothness, protection, and longevity.
As research continues, innovations in Dimethicone production and alternative materials will likely continue to shape the future of this versatile compound.
SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT DIMETHICONE 100 SILICONE OIL
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:
If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.
If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas
Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.
Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.
Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials
Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.
Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.
If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.
Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product
