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CAS Number: 577-11-7
Molecular Weight: 444.56
Molecular Formula: C20H37NaO7S
EC Number: 209-406-4
APPLICATIONS
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can be used as an anionic surfactant:
To prepare microemulsion with Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate for the electrophoresis detection of natural and synthetic estrogens.
To develop reverse micelles.
To enhance the electrical conductivity and cell attachment in polycaprolactone fumarate and polypyrrole (PCLF–PPy) composite materials.
Uses of Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate:
Formulations used as part of a process, or in a piece of equipment (e.g. lubricants, adhesives, sealants, oils, paints, coatings)
Personal care products intended for use by children, which do not fit into a more specific category
Emulsifying products
Contact lens cleaners and solutions
Miscellaneous products for repelling insects, including citronella type candles (excluding products to be applied to the skin)
Surfactant - cleansing agent
The main medical use of Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is to treat constipation, acting as a laxative and stool softener. In painful anorectal conditions such as hemorrhoid and anal fissures, Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can help avoid pain caused by straining during bowel movements.
When administered by mouth, a bowel movement often occurs in 1 to 3 days, while rectal use of Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate may be effective within 20 minutes.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is recommended as a stool softener for children.
However, the effectiveness of Dioctyl Sulfosuccinatefor constipation is poorly supported by evidence.
Multiple studies have found Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate to be no more effective than a placebo for improving constipation.
Others have found Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate to be less useful for the treatment of chronic constipation than psyllium.
The medication may be given to people who are receiving opioid medication, although prolonged use of Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate may cause irritation of the gastrointestinal tract.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate, when used with ear syringing, may help with earwax removal, particularly in the case of impaction.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is also used as a lubricant in the production of tablets and as an emulsifier in topical preparations and other suspensions.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used as a surfactant in a wide range of applications, often under the name Aerosol-OT.
Further, Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is unusual in that it is able to form microemulsions without the use of co-surfactants, and it has a rich variety of aqueous-phase behavior including multiple liquid crystalline phases.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has been approved by the US FDA as a "generally recognized as safe" (GRAS) additive.
Furthermore, Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used in a variety of food products, as a surface active agent, stabilizer, thickener, wetting agent, processing aid, solubilizing agent, emulsifier, and dispersant.
The highest amount of Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate found in food products is 0.5% by weight, which include pasteurized cheese spreads, cream cheeses and salad dressings.
The FDA also approved the use of Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate as a wetting agent or solubilizer for flavoring agents in carbonated and non-carbonated drinks at levels up to 10 parts per million.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is the most widely used surfactant in reverse micelle encapsulation studies.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can be used as an anionic surfactant:
To prepare microemulsion with sodium salt of 3-(cyclohexylamino)-2-hydroxy-1-propanesulfonic acid (CAPSO) for the electrophoresis detection of natural and synthetic estrogens.
To develop reverse micelles.
To enhance the electrical conductivity and cell attachment in polycaprolactone fumarate and polypyrrole (PCLF–PPy) composite materials.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate (DOSS) (CAS- 577-11-7) also called Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate or sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate is a 2-ethyl hexyl diester of succinic acid with a sulphonic acid group as a salt in the sodium form.
Moreover, Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has a molecular weight of 444.6 and molecular formula C20H37NaO7S.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is on the WHO list of essential medicines and is used for palliative care (emollient laxative with stool-softening activity) in oral form as a liquid or capsule.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is also used as food additive for its emulsifying and humectant activity and in cosmetics. Furthermore, Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has effective wetting property which makes the industrial use in adhesives and sealants, cleaning and furnishing care products(fabric, textile, and leather products), ink, toner, and colorant products (pigment dispersion); laundry and dishwashing products; lubricants and greases; paints and coatings&paper products.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has fire extinguishing properties since in solutions it generates foam and allows water spreading to contain fires.
Moreover, Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has been generally recognized as safe (GRAS)for use in carbonated and non-carbonated beverages functioning as a wetting agent or solubilizer for flavor emulsion stabilizers at levels up to 10 ppm.
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate (DOSS) was one of the main components of Corexit EC9500A, a chemical dispersant formulation used at the surface and at depth during the response to the Deepwater Horizon incident (2010) which significantly facilitated biodegradation of the spilled oil.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used both as dopant and hydrophobizing agent in the oxidative polymerization of pyrole and the polypyrrole grains are used as light-responsive liquid marble stabilizer.
In conducting polymers made from polyaniline, use of DOSS as dopant improves the metallic-type conductivity, elongations and thermally more stable than material made with other dopants.
Emulsion polymerization falls under the category of radical polymerization that usually starts with an emulsion incorporating water, monomer, and surfactant (example Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate).
Oil-in-water emulsion (O/W) is the most common type of emulsion polymerization.
In such case droplets of monomer (the oil) are emulsified (with surfactants) in a continuous phase of water. Briefly the polymerization process may happen when the monomer layer is dispersed or emulsified in a solution of surfactant and water, forming relatively large droplets in water.
Excess Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can than create micelles in the water phase.
Small amounts of monomer can diffuse through the water to these micelle.
Then a water-soluble initiator is introduced into the water phase where it diffuses inside the micelles and reacts with Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate.
An important parameter for reaction of initiator in surfactant micelles rather than in the larger monomer droplet results from their large surface areas.
The industry has the capability to produce industrial grade Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate and other sulfosuccinate esters based on customer requirements.
Mostly the sulfosuccinate esters manufactured may be used in emulsion polymerizations as wetting agentsand in the industrial or domestic uses mentioned in the introduction.
A wide range of sulfosuccinate esters based on different alkyl groups and different solvents (water, linear alcohols, PEG/PPG, aromatic solvents) can be manufactured.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used to make stools softer and easier to pass.
Further, Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used in symptomatic treatment of constipation, and in painful anorectal conditions such as hemorrhoids and anal fissures for people avoiding straining during bowel movements.
Patients taking Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate should drink plenty of water to irrigate the bowel, thereby increasing motility.
Given orally, the effects of Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate are usually seen 1 to 3 days after the first dose.
Given rectally, as an enema or suppository, a bowel movement usually occurs within 5 to 20 minutes.
The drug may be used in people who are undergoing opioid pain therapy, are opioid dependent, or on opioid replacement therapy, though prolonged use may cause irritation of the gastrointestinal tract.
Data supporting the efficacy of Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate in treating chronic constipation is lacking.
Some uses of Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate:
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is a pesticide used popularly for crops of olives, almonds, wine grapes, corn and oranges.
Furthermore, Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used as an excipient in the production of tablets (as a lubricant) and suspensions (as an emulsifier).
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is the most widely used surfactant in reverse micelle encapsulation studies.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate, when used in conjunction with irrigation, is also an effective means of earwax removal.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is a wetting and emulsifying agent that is slowly soluble in water, having a solubility of 1 g in 70 ml of water.
More to that, Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate functions as a wetting agent in fumaric acid-containing powdered fruit drinks to help the acid dissolve in water.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used as a stabilizing agent on gums at not more than 0.5% by weight of the gum.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used as a flavor potentiator in canned milk where it improves and maintains the flavor of the sterilized milk during storage.
Furthermore, Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate also functions as a processing aid in the manufacture of unrefined sugar.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is also termed sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate, used for the treatment of constipation, acts as a laxative or stool softener.
Also, Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used in the synthesis of electrospun fibres for tailored and controlled antibiotic drug release.
DESCRIPTION
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can be used for all-purpose surfactant, wetting agent, and solubilizer used in the drug, cosmetics, and food industries.
Furthermore, Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has also been used in laxatives and as cerumenolytics.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is usually administered as either the calcium, potassium, or sodium salt.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is the common chemical and pharmaceutical name of the anion bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate, also commonly called dioctyl sulfosuccinate (DOSS).
Moreover, Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
Salts of this anion, especially Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate, are widely used in medicine as laxatives and as stool softeners, by mouth or rectally.
In 2020, Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate was the 163rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3 million prescriptions.
Some studies claim that Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is not more effective than a placebo for improving constipation.
Other docusate salts with medical use include those of calcium and potassium.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can also be used as food additives, emulsifiers, dispersants, and wetting agents, among other uses.
PROPERTIES
Physical state: liquid
Colour: not determined
Odour: characteristic
Melting point/freezing point: -97.8 °C
Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range: 85 °C
Flammability: flammable liquid in accordance with GHS criteria
Lower and upper explosion limit: 2.2 vol% - 13.5 vol%
Flash point: 30 °C
Auto-ignition temperature: 800 °F (auto-ignition temperature (liquids and gases))
Decomposition temperature: not relevant
pH (value): 5 – 8
Kinematic viscosity: not determined
Solubility(ies): not determined
Partition coefficient n-octanol/water (log value): this information is not available
Vapour pressure: 169.3 hPa at 25 °C
Density and/or relative density:
Density: 1.06 g /cm³ at 20 °C
Relative vapour density: information on this property is not available
Particle characteristics: not relevant (liquid)
FIRST AID
Do not leave affected person unattended.
Remove victim out of the danger area.
Keep affected person warm, still and covered.
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
In all cases of doubt, or when symptoms persist, seek medical advice.
In case of unconsciousness place person in the recovery position.
Never give anything by mouth.
Inhalation:
If breathing is irregular or stopped, immediately seek medical assistance and start first aid actions.
In case of respiratory tract irritation, consult a physician.
Provide fresh air.
Skin contact:
Wash with plenty of soap and water.
Eye contact:
Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do.
Continue rinsing.
Irrigate copiously with clean, fresh water for at least 10 minutes, holding the eyelids apart.
Ingestion:
Rinse mouth with water (only if the person is conscious).
Do NOT induce vomiting.
STORAGE AND HANDLING
Storage:
Keep container tightly closed and in a well-ventilated place.
Use local and general ventilation.
Keep cool.
Protect from sunlight.
Flammability hazards:
Keep away from sources of ignition.
No smoking. Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources.
No smoking.
Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
Protect from sunlight.
Ventilation requirements:
Use local and general ventilation.
Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.
Packaging compatibilities:
Only packagings which are approved (e.g. acc. to ADR) may be used.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is stable in the solid state when stored at room temperature.
Dilute aqueous solutions of Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate between pH 1–10 are stable at room temperature.
However, at very low pH (<1) and very high pH (>10) Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate solutions are subject to hydrolysis.
The solid material is hygroscopic and should be stored in an airtight container in a cool, dry place.
Handling:
Measures to prevent fire as well as aerosol and dust generation:
Use local and general ventilation.
Avoidance of ignition sources.
Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking.
Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
Use only in well-ventilated areas.
Due to danger of explosion, prevent leakage of vapours into cellars, flues and ditches.
Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.
Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/equipment.
Use only non-sparking tools.
SYNONYMS
Dioctyl sodiosulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium salt
Sodium bis(octyl)sulfosuccinate
Sodium di-n-octyl sulfosuccinate
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate
Sodium O,O-dioctylsulfosuccinic acid
Sodium sulfosuccinic acid dioctyl ester
Sulfosuccinic acid 1,4-dioctyl ester sodium salt
Texapon DOS
Butyl-cerumen
Bu-cerumen
Neocol SW 30
1639-66-3
DI-N-OCTYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE
Solbaleite
Elfanol 883
Butanedioic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-dioctyl ester, sodium salt
Succinic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-dioctyl ester, sodium salt
1,4-Bis(n-octyl) sulfobutanedioate, sodium salt
4YLY5570Y0
Sulfobutanedioic acid, 1,4-di(n-octyl) ester, sodium salt
Succinic acid, sulfo-, dioctyl ester, sodium salt
Caswell No. 392I
NSC-7779
Sodium di-n-octylsulfosuccinate
HSDB 4086
dicapryl sodium sulfosuccinate
NSC 7779
EINECS 216-684-0
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 079027
UNII-4YLY5570Y0
Dioktylester sulfojantaranu sodneho [Czech]
Dioktylester sulfojantaranu sodneho
SCHEMBL22809
DTXSID7041881
2-(Sodiosulfo)succinic acid dioctyl
SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE [HSDB]
DICAPRYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE [INCI]
sodium;1,4-dioctoxy-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
Q27260677
SODIUM 1,2-BIS(OCTYLOXYCARBONYL)-1-ETHANESULFONATE
