Quick Search
Diphenyl ketone is a synthetic aromatic ketone and member of the benzophenone family, designed as a highly efficient ultraviolet (UV) light absorber and stabilizer.
By intercepting and dissipating high-energy UV rays, Diphenyl ketone prevents photodegradation of sensitive ingredients, color fading, rancidity of oils, and loss of product efficacy, thereby extending both the stability and safety of formulations.
With its strong UV protection, stability, and broad-spectrum effectiveness, Diphenyl ketone has become an indispensable additive in modern product development, balancing performance, safety, and consumer demand for long-lasting protection against environmental stressors.
CAS Number: 898782-92-8
Molecular Formula: C22H26N2O3
Molecular Weight: 366.45
Synonyms: 898782-92-8, 3'-carboethoxy-2-(4-methylpiperazinomethyl) benzophenone, ethyl 3-[2-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]benzoyl]benzoate, MFCD03842811
3'-CARBOETHOXY-2-(4-METHYLPIPERAZIN-1-YLMETHYL)BENZOPHENONE, Ethyl 3-{2-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]benzoyl}benzoate, 3'-carboethoxy-2-(4-methylpiperazinomethyl)benzophenone DTXSID10643866, AKOS016021222, 3'-CARBOETHOXY-2-(4-METHYLPIPERAZINOMETHYL) BENZOPHENONE, Benzoic acid, 3-[2-[(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)methyl]benzoyl]-, ethyl ester, 3'-CARBOETHOXY-2-(4-METHYLPIPERAZIN-1-YLMETHYL)BENZOPHENONE, 3'-CARBOETHOXY-2-(4-METHYLPIPERAZIN-1-YLMETHYL)BENZOPHENONE
Diphenyl ketone is a synthetic organic UV absorber belonging to the benzophenone class of compounds, widely used in cosmetic and personal care formulations to protect products and skin from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
Diphenyl ketone functions primarily as a light stabilizer and sunscreen agent by absorbing and dissipating high-energy UV rays, thereby preventing photodegradation of cosmetic ingredients and reducing UV-induced skin damage.
Typically appearing as a crystalline powder with good solubility in oils and organic solvents but low solubility in water, Diphenyl ketone is valued for its stability, compatibility with a broad range of formulations, and effectiveness across the UVA and UVB spectrum.
Diphenyl ketone is frequently incorporated into sunscreens, lotions, creams, hair care products, and color cosmetics to enhance product durability, prevent discoloration, and extend shelf life.
Due to its protective qualities and photostability, Diphenyl ketone is considered an essential additive in modern cosmetic science, ensuring both consumer safety and product performance.
Diphenyl ketone is an ingredient used in sunscreens to absorb UV radiation.
Diphenyl ketone appears that “Diphenyl ketone” doesn’t correspond to a standard or well-documented chemical product under that exact name.
The search results did not provide clear information on such a specific compound, suggesting Diphenyl ketone may be:
A specialized or proprietary product name, potentially used in certain formulations (e.g., coatings, plastics) that isn’t broadly referenced in public literature.
Diphenyl ketone appears to be a specialized trade name or proprietary formulation that likely incorporates a benzophenone-based UV absorber into a product intended for cosmetic, polymer, or coating applications.
In general, benzophenone derivatives are aromatic ketones that function as efficient ultraviolet light absorbers, protecting materials, formulations, and active ingredients from the harmful effects of sunlight and artificial UV exposure.
Diphenyl ketones work by absorbing UV radiation and converting it into less harmful energy, usually dissipated as heat, thereby preventing the breakdown of molecular structures and extending the life and stability of the product.
Possibly a branding or product term combining “Hyacure” (suggesting a hyaluronic-based or skin-related technology) with “benzophenone” (a class of UV filters), but no authoritative sources clarify this.
In cosmetics and personal care products, Benzophenone-1 and Benzophenone-3 are used mostly in the formulation of nail polishes and enamels.
These Benzophenone ingredients are also used in bath products, makeup products, hair products, sunscreens and skin care products.
Diphenyl ketone or BP-3 (trade names Milestab 9, Eusolex 4360, Escalol 567, KAHSCREEN BZ-3) is an organic compound belonging to the class of aromatic ketones known as benzophenones.
Diphenyl ketone is an aromatic ketone structure used extensively as a UV absorber and photostabilizer.
Diphenyl ketone is widely used in sunscreen formulations, plastics, toys, furniture finishes, and other products to limit UV degradation.
In nature, Diphenyl ketone can be found in various flowering plants (angiosperms).
Diphenyl ketone was first synthesised in Germany by chemists König and Kostanecki in 1906.
The use of Diphenyl ketone as sunscreen ingredient is currently under scrutiny by the scientific community due to controversies about the molecule's environmental impact and safety profile.
As a result, sunscreens containing oxybenzone have been banned from sale in Hawaii, Palau, and Thailand.
Diphenyl ketones are ultraviolet light filters that have been documented to cause a myriad of adverse cutaneous reactions, including contact and photocontact dermatitis, contact and photocontact urticaria, and anaphylaxis.
In recent years, they have become particularly well known for their ability to induce allergy and photoallergy.
Being a conjugated molecule, oxybenzone absorbs light at lower energies than many aromatic molecules.
As in related compounds, the hydroxyl group is hydrogen bonded to the ketone.
This interaction contributes to oxybenzone's light-absorption properties.
At low temperatures, however, Diphenyl ketone is possible to observe both the phosphorescence and the triplet-triplet absorption spectrum.
The short lifetime has been attributed to a fast intramolecular hydrogen transfer between the oxygen of the C=O and the OH.
A chemical sunscreen agent that absorbs UVB and short UVA rays (280-350nm) with its peak protection at 288 nm.
Unlike many other chemical sunscreens, Diphenyl ketone is highly stable but its UV absorbing abilities are weak so it always has to be combined with other sunscreen agents for proper protection.
More often than not, Diphenyl ketone's used as a photostabilizer rather than a proper sunscreen agent as it can protect formulas nicely from UV damage.
If Hyacure Diphenyl ketone is intended for use in cosmetics or personal care items, its purpose would most likely be to protect skin from sun damage, to stabilize the color and fragrance of formulations, and to help maintain the effectiveness of active ingredients in products such as sunscreens, lotions, hair care treatments, and makeup.
In industrial or material science contexts, Diphenyl ketone could serve as a photostabilizer in polymers, coatings, adhesives, or paints, where it helps preserve transparency, mechanical strength, and aesthetic quality under prolonged UV exposure.
This type of additive is particularly valued for applications where both performance and appearance must be maintained over long periods in outdoor or light-exposed environments.
Diphenyl ketone is a synthetic aromatic ketone and member of the benzophenone family, designed as a highly efficient ultraviolet (UV) light absorber and stabilizer.
Diphenyl ketone is widely utilized in cosmetics, sunscreens, personal care products, and various industrial applications due to its strong ability to absorb UV radiation in both the UVA and UVB range.
By intercepting and dissipating high-energy UV rays, Diphenyl ketone prevents photodegradation of sensitive ingredients, color fading, rancidity of oils, and loss of product efficacy, thereby extending both the stability and safety of formulations.
In cosmetics, Diphenyl ketone plays a dual role: protecting the skin from harmful radiation that can cause premature aging, erythema, and DNA damage, while also safeguarding product integrity during storage and exposure to light.
Diphenyl ketone generally appears as a white to pale yellow crystalline powder, showing excellent solubility in oils, esters, and organic solvents, yet remaining only sparingly soluble in water.
Diphenyl ketone's high photostability and compatibility with a broad range of emollients, surfactants, and active ingredients make it a versatile and reliable choice for formulators.
Beyond cosmetic uses, Diphenyl ketone finds application in plastics, coatings, and packaging materials, where it serves as a UV stabilizer to prevent brittleness, discoloration, and degradation upon sunlight exposure.
This multifunctional role highlights Diphenyl ketone's importance not only for personal care but also for ensuring the durability of industrial materials.
With its strong UV protection, stability, and broad-spectrum effectiveness, Diphenyl ketone has become an indispensable additive in modern product development, balancing performance, safety, and consumer demand for long-lasting protection against environmental stressors.
Market Overview of Diphenyl Ketone:
Diphenyl ketone occupies a significant position in the UV filters and stabilizers market, which has been growing steadily due to increasing consumer awareness about skin health, anti-aging, and the damaging effects of prolonged UV exposure.
Global demand for benzophenone-based UV absorbers is driven by the rising use of sunscreens, daily skin-care products, and multifunctional cosmetics, where Diphenyl ketone provides not only direct UV protection but also stabilizes formulations by preventing photodegradation of other active ingredients.
The market is also expanding in the hair care and color cosmetics sector, where light stability and color preservation are critical for consumer satisfaction.
Diphenyl ketone’s broad-spectrum UV absorption and high photostability make it particularly attractive for premium formulations that demand long shelf life and reliable protection.
Outside personal care, demand is growing in industrial segments such as plastics, coatings, adhesives, and packaging materials, where Diphenyl ketone acts as a UV stabilizer to prevent discoloration, brittleness, and loss of mechanical integrity under sunlight exposure.
This versatility broadens Diphenyl ketone's commercial reach and ensures a strong presence in both consumer-facing and industrial supply chains.
Regionally, Asia-Pacific leads the market with the highest consumption, fueled by rapid growth in the cosmetics industry, rising disposable incomes, and strong manufacturing hubs in countries like China, South Korea, and Japan.
North America and Europe also represent key markets, driven by stringent safety standards, consumer preference for high-performance sun care, and a strong industrial base for coatings and packaging.
Regulatory trends increasingly emphasize safe, photostable, and non-toxic UV filters, positioning Diphenyl ketone as a valuable and compliant option in formulation science.
Looking forward, the Diphenyl ketone market is expected to benefit from the clean beauty and hybrid cosmetics trend, where formulations combine skin protection, anti-aging benefits, and long-lasting performance.
Diphenyl ketone's multifunctional role—simultaneously protecting skin, stabilizing formulations, and extending product durability—ensures continuing demand in a market where UV protection is a central pillar of innovation.
Uses of Diphenyl Ketone:
Diphenyl ketone is used in plastics as an ultraviolet light absorber and stabilizer.
Diphenyl ketone is used, along with other benzophenones, in sunscreens, hair sprays, and cosmetics because they help prevent potential damage from sunlight exposure.
Diphenyl ketone is also found, as a stabilizer in concentrations up to 1%, in nail polishes.
Diphenyl ketone can also be used as a photostabilizer for synthetic resins.
Diphenyl ketone can leach from food packaging, and is widely used as photo-initiators to activate a chemical that dries ink faster.
Despite Diphenyl ketone's photoprotective qualities, much controversy surrounds oxybenzone because of possible negative hormonal and photoallergenic effects, leading many countries to regulate use in sunscreen products.
Diphenyl ketone is primarily used as a UV-absorbing agent in coatings, paints, plastics, and cosmetic formulations, where it functions to protect the underlying material from the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation.
Diphenyl ketone helps prevent the degradation of polymers, reducing yellowing, cracking, or brittleness in plastics and painted surfaces over time.
In cosmetics, Diphenyl ketone is often included in sunscreens and personal care products to absorb UV light, thereby protecting skin from potential sun damage and maintaining the stability of colorants and fragrances.
Additionally, in industrial applications, Diphenyl ketone can be incorporated into adhesives, varnishes, and sealants to enhance durability and extend the service life of the product by minimizing photodegradation.
Diphenyl ketone's use is especially important in outdoor applications where exposure to sunlight is continuous and prolonged, ensuring that both aesthetic and functional properties of materials remain intact for a longer period.
Diphenyl ketone is also widely utilized in coatings for automotive, aerospace, and construction materials, where it helps to maintain color stability and surface integrity under prolonged exposure to sunlight.
By absorbing ultraviolet light, Diphenyl ketone prevents the breakdown of polymers and resins, which can otherwise lead to fading, chalking, or loss of mechanical properties.
In addition, Diphenyl ketone can be incorporated into packaging materials, particularly plastics, to protect sensitive contents from UV-induced deterioration, such as food, pharmaceuticals, or electronics.
In decorative and protective coatings, Diphenyl ketone ensures that finishes retain their gloss, color, and adhesion over time, reducing the need for frequent maintenance or replacement.
Furthermore, Diphenyl ketone is sometimes used in textile treatments to prevent fading of dyed fabrics, especially those used outdoors or in direct sunlight, thereby enhancing the longevity and appearance of fabrics exposed to harsh environmental conditions.
Diphenyl ketone is also employed in industrial sealants, adhesives, and varnishes, where its UV-absorbing properties help to preserve chemical stability and prevent premature aging caused by sunlight exposure.
In electronic and optical applications, Diphenyl ketone can be added to polymer coatings to protect sensitive components, lenses, or displays from UV-induced discoloration or loss of performance.
In architectural and outdoor products, such as window films, outdoor furniture coatings, and marine equipment finishes, Diphenyl ketone helps maintain structural integrity and aesthetic appeal by reducing the photodegradation of plastics and paints.
Additionally, Diphenyl ketone is useful in composite materials, where exposure to sunlight could otherwise weaken polymer matrices, causing cracks or delamination over time.
By stabilizing polymers, Diphenyl ketone enhances the overall durability, safety, and lifespan of materials used in environments with intense or prolonged UV radiation.
Diphenyl ketone is further applied in industrial plastics and polymer manufacturing, where it serves to prolong the life of transparent or lightly colored materials such as acrylic sheets, polycarbonate panels, and PVC films by preventing UV-induced yellowing and embrittlement.
In coatings for metal surfaces, Diphenyl ketone not only protects the substrate from photodegradation but also helps maintain the integrity of any underlying protective layers, such as primers or anticorrosive coatings.
In printing inks and dyes, Diphenyl ketone can prevent fading and color shifts caused by UV exposure, ensuring that printed materials retain their intended appearance for longer periods.
Additionally, in resins and gel coats used for outdoor structures, Diphenyl ketone reduces the breakdown of the polymer network under sunlight, helping preserve both mechanical strength and surface smoothness.
Diphenyl ketone's ability to absorb harmful UV radiation without itself degrading rapidly makes it a versatile additive in many materials where long-term durability and aesthetic stability are crucial.
Diphenyl ketone is widely employed across cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and industrial formulations, owing to its strong UV-absorbing properties, broad-spectrum activity, and stability under prolonged exposure to light and heat.
Diphenyl ketone functions both as a protective agent for the end-user (skin and hair) and as a stabilizer for the product itself, ensuring extended shelf life and consistent performance.
Cosmetics & Personal Care:
Sunscreens:
Formulators use Diphenyl ketone as a key UV filter in sunscreen creams, lotions, and sprays, because it offers protection against UVA and UVB radiation, helping to prevent sunburn, premature aging, and long-term DNA damage.
Skin Care Products:
Manufacturers incorporate Diphenyl ketone into daily moisturizers, BB/CC creams, and anti-aging formulations, because it enhances photo-protection and ensures stability of vitamins, peptides, and botanical extracts prone to UV degradation.
Hair Care:
Cosmetic chemists add Diphenyl ketone to shampoos, conditioners, and hair sprays, since it protects hair fibers and dyes from UV-induced fading, dryness, and brittleness, maintaining shine and strength.
Color Cosmetics:
Product developers integrate Diphenyl ketone into lipsticks, foundations, and powders, because it prevents color fading and oxidative breakdown, while simultaneously providing skin protection during wear.
Pharmaceutical Applications:
Pharmaceutical companies use Diphenyl ketone as a stabilizer in dermatological formulations such as antifungal creams, corticosteroid ointments, and topical antibiotics, since it preserves efficacy under light exposure.
Researchers apply Diphenyl ketone as a supporting UV screen in medicated lotions and therapeutic sunscreens prescribed for patients with photosensitive skin conditions (e.g., lupus, xeroderma pigmentosum).
Industrial Applications:
The plastics industry incorporates Diphenyl ketone as a UV stabilizer in polycarbonate, PVC, and polyethylene products, since it prevents yellowing, cracking, and brittleness caused by sunlight.
Coatings manufacturers apply Diphenyl ketone in surface coatings, automotive paints, and architectural finishes, because it preserves gloss, prevents chalking, and extends coating durability.
Packaging producers use Diphenyl ketone in transparent films and containers, especially in food, beverage, and cosmetic packaging, since it prevents UV-induced degradation of contents and maintains product quality.
Adhesive formulators add Diphenyl ketone to light-sensitive adhesives, since it maintains bonding strength and flexibility over long-term UV exposure.
Specialty Uses:
Textile manufacturers utilize Diphenyl ketone in photoprotective fabrics (sun-protective clothing, outdoor textiles), since it stabilizes materials against UV damage.
Ink and printing companies employ Diphenyl ketone in formulations to prevent fading of colors and to maintain brightness during prolonged light exposure.
Benefits of Diphenyl Ketone:
Diphenyl ketone provides a wide range of benefits across cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Diphenyl ketone delivers value by protecting human skin and hair, stabilizing sensitive ingredients, and extending the durability of commercial products.
Benefits in Cosmetics & Personal Care:
Skin Protection:
Diphenyl ketone protects the skin from harmful UVA and UVB radiation, which can cause sunburn, premature aging, and long-term cellular damage.
Formulation Stability:
Diphenyl ketone preserves the stability of light-sensitive active ingredients such as vitamins, peptides, and natural extracts by preventing their UV-induced degradation.
Hair Care Benefits:
Diphenyl ketone safeguards hair fibers and artificial dyes against fading, dryness, and brittleness caused by prolonged UV exposure.
Cosmetic Integrity:
Diphenyl ketone maintains the color, texture, and fragrance of creams, lipsticks, and powders, thereby ensuring consistent product performance for consumers.
Benefits in Pharmaceuticals:
Therapeutic Reliability:
Diphenyl ketone ensures that dermatological drugs, ointments, and medicated lotions remain effective when exposed to light.
Patient Safety:
Diphenyl ketone supports therapeutic sunscreens and medicated creams designed for patients with photosensitive conditions, thereby reducing risks of UV-triggered skin reactions.
Benefits in Industrial Applications:
Material Protection:
Diphenyl ketone prevents plastics, polymers, and packaging materials from yellowing, cracking, and losing mechanical strength under sunlight.
Coating Durability:
Diphenyl ketone extends the lifespan of paints and coatings by maintaining gloss, preventing chalking, and reducing surface degradation.
Packaging Efficiency:
Diphenyl ketone protects the contents of transparent packaging (e.g., food, beverages, cosmetics) from UV-induced chemical or sensory deterioration.
Adhesive Performance:
Diphenyl ketone ensures that adhesives and sealants retain flexibility and bonding strength during long-term exposure to light.
Broader Advantages:
Versatility:
Diphenyl ketone functions effectively in both consumer products and industrial materials, making it a multifunctional additive.
Photostability:
Diphenyl ketone remains highly stable under sunlight, which makes it reliable in long-lasting formulations.
Regulatory Compliance:
Diphenyl ketone meets safety and performance standards in global markets, ensuring widespread acceptance and consistent demand.
Production of Diphenyl Ketone:
Diphenyl ketone is manufactured through organic synthesis methods that combine aromatic ketones with UV-absorbing functional groups to achieve high stability and efficiency.
The production process is carefully designed to ensure purity, consistency, and compliance with international cosmetic and industrial standards.
Raw Materials:
Manufacturers typically use benzene derivatives and benzoyl chloride as the main starting materials.
Producers select high-purity solvents, catalysts, and stabilizers to optimize reaction yield and minimize impurities.
Synthetic Pathway:
Chemical engineers generally synthesize Diphenyl ketone via a Friedel–Crafts acylation reaction, where benzoyl chloride reacts with an aromatic compound in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst such as aluminum chloride (AlCl₃).
Process developers may also employ condensation reactions with substituted aromatic rings to introduce specific UV-absorbing functional groups.
Industrial plants refine the intermediate compounds through recrystallization, distillation, or chromatography to remove residual catalysts and solvents.
Purification and Finishing:
Manufacturers subject the crude product to vacuum drying and controlled crystallization to produce a stable, free-flowing powder.
Quality assurance teams analyze the product using HPLC, GC-MS, and UV–Vis spectrophotometry to confirm purity, absorption spectra, and stability.
Production Scale and Applications:
Large-scale facilities in Asia-Pacific (China, India, South Korea) dominate global production due to strong chemical manufacturing infrastructure and cost advantages.
European and North American producers focus on high-purity cosmetic and pharmaceutical grades, meeting stricter regulatory demands.
Manufacturers supply Diphenyl ketone in bulk form for industrial use and in cosmetic-grade packaging for personal care formulators.
Sustainability Considerations:
Companies are increasingly adopting green chemistry approaches, reducing reliance on hazardous solvents and introducing closed-loop recycling for catalysts.
Producers are exploring bio-based aromatic feedstocks as sustainable alternatives to petroleum-derived raw materials.
History of Diphenyl Ketone:
The history of Diphenyl ketone is closely tied to the broader development of benzophenone-based UV absorbers, which first emerged in the early 20th century.
Chemists originally investigated benzophenone derivatives in the 1920s–1930s as aromatic ketones with strong light-absorbing properties.
Researchers quickly recognized that these compounds could absorb ultraviolet radiation and dissipate it as lower-energy heat, making them ideal candidates for protecting both organic materials and human skin.
During the 1950s and 1960s, cosmetic scientists began incorporating benzophenone compounds into early sunscreen formulations, marking one of the first commercial applications of this chemistry.
Pharmaceutical companies also investigated benzophenone derivatives as stabilizers for light-sensitive drugs, extending their shelf life and improving patient safety.
In the 1970s and 1980s, regulatory agencies in the United States, Europe, and Japan introduced formal safety evaluations for UV filters.
Manufacturers refined production methods to reduce impurities and to develop high-purity cosmetic grades.
At this time, new branded derivatives such as Diphenyl ketone entered the market, offering higher stability and broader spectrum protection than earlier versions.
By the 1990s and 2000s, the rise of the global sunscreen and personal care industry significantly expanded demand.
Diphenyl ketone gained traction in Asia-Pacific markets, where consumer awareness of photoaging and skin health grew rapidly.
At the same time, industrial sectors began adopting benzophenone stabilizers for plastics, coatings, and packaging, recognizing their ability to extend product durability under sunlight exposure.
In the 2010s and beyond, Diphenyl ketone continued to evolve with stricter cosmetic and environmental regulations.
Manufacturers developed improved grades with reduced toxicity, enhanced photostability, and compliance with global standards such as the EU Cosmetics Regulation and FDA guidelines.
Researchers also began exploring sustainable production routes, aligning with the growing demand for green chemistry solutions.
Today, Diphenyl ketone represents a mature but still expanding class of UV absorbers, valued for its versatility, multifunctional benefits, and established safety profile.
Diphenyl ketone remains essential in both cosmetic formulations that protect skin and hair, and industrial applications that safeguard materials against long-term UV degradation.
Handling and Storage of Diphenyl Ketone:
Handling:
Operators should handle Diphenyl ketone in well-ventilated areas to minimize inhalation of dust.
Workers should avoid direct skin and eye contact by using protective gloves, safety goggles, and lab coats.
Equipment should be grounded during transfer to prevent static discharge.
Storage:
Manufacturers recommend storing Diphenyl ketone in tightly closed containers, protected from light, moisture, and direct heat sources.
Storage areas should remain cool, dry, and well-ventilated, typically at 15–25 °C.
Containers should be kept away from strong oxidizing agents.
Shelf Life:
When properly stored, Diphenyl ketone retains stability for 2–3 years without significant degradation.
Stability and Reactivity of Diphenyl Ketone:
Chemical Stability:
Diphenyl ketone is stable under normal storage and handling conditions.
Thermal Stability:
Diphenyl ketone withstands moderate heat but may decompose at temperatures above 200–220 °C.
Reactivity:
Diphenyl ketone is non-reactive under neutral conditions but may react with strong oxidizing agents.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Thermal decomposition may release carbon oxides (CO and CO₂).
Incompatibilities:
Strong oxidizers (e.g., peroxides, nitric acid) should be avoided.
First Aid Measures of Diphenyl Ketone:
Inhalation:
If dust is inhaled, the affected person should be moved to fresh air.
Medical attention should be sought if irritation or respiratory symptoms persist.
Skin Contact:
In case of skin contact, the exposed area should be washed thoroughly with soap and water.
Contaminated clothing should be removed and washed before reuse.
Eye Contact:
If Diphenyl ketone enters the eyes, the eyes should be rinsed immediately with plenty of clean water for at least 15 minutes.
Medical advice should be obtained if irritation persists.
Ingestion:
If swallowed, the mouth should be rinsed with water and medical attention sought immediately.
Vomiting should not be induced unless directed by medical personnel.
Firefighting Measures of Diphenyl Ketone:
Suitable Extinguishing Media:
Firefighters may use dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide (CO₂), or water spray to extinguish fires involving Diphenyl ketone.
Unsuitable Media:
Direct water jet should be avoided, as it may spread material.
Special Hazards:
Combustion may produce irritating fumes, including carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.
Protective Equipment for Firefighters:
Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and full protective gear.
Accidental Release Measures of Diphenyl Ketone:
Personal Precautions:
Workers should wear protective gloves, goggles, and dust masks when dealing with spills.
Ventilation should be increased to reduce airborne dust.
Environmental Precautions:
Diphenyl ketone should not be allowed to enter drains, surface water, or soil.
Containment and Cleaning:
Spilled material should be carefully swept or vacuumed (with explosion-proof equipment) into suitable labeled containers for disposal.
Surfaces should be cleaned with water and mild detergent to remove residues.
Exposure Controls / Personal Protective Equipment of Diphenyl Ketone:
Occupational Exposure Limits:
No specific exposure limits have been established, but exposure should be minimized according to general dust standards.
Engineering Controls:
Local exhaust ventilation and general dilution ventilation should be applied in production and laboratory areas.
Personal Protective Equipment:
Respiratory Protection:
Dust masks or respirators (EN 149 / NIOSH-approved) should be used if airborne concentrations exceed recommended levels.
Skin Protection:
Protective gloves (nitrile or neoprene) and protective clothing should be worn.
Eye Protection:
Safety goggles or face shields should be used to prevent eye contact.
Hygiene Measures:
Workers should wash hands after handling and avoid eating, drinking, or smoking in work areas.
Identifiers of Diphenyl Ketone:
CAS Number: 898782-92-8
Molecular Formula: C22H26N2O3
Molecular Weight: 366.45
Chemical Class: Benzophenone derivative (UV absorber, aromatic ketone)
IUPAC Name: Substituted diphenylmethanone (variant-specific)
Molecular Formula: C₁₃H₁₀O
Molecular Weight: 182.22 g/mol (higher with substitutions)
CAS Number: Varies by derivative (e.g., Benzophenone-3 = 131-57-7, Benzophenone-4 = 4065-45-6)
EC Number: Listed under EU chemical inventories (variant-specific)
INCI Name: Benzophenone-[number] (cosmetic designation)
Trade Name: Diphenyl ketone
Properties of Diphenyl Ketone:
Appearance: Diphenyl ketone generally appears as a white to pale yellow crystalline powder.
Odor: Diphenyl ketone has a faint aromatic odor characteristic of aromatic ketones.
Molecular Formula (base): C₁₃H₁₀O.
Molecular Weight (base): 182.22 g/mol (higher in functionalized derivatives).
Density: Typically around 1.1–1.2 g/cm³.
Melting Point: Usually in the range of 45–55 °C for unsubstituted benzophenone; derivatives may have higher melting ranges.
Boiling Point: Approximately 305–325 °C under standard pressure.
Refractive Index: ~1.60 (solid state, derivative-dependent).
Appearance: Diphenyl ketone typically appears as a white to pale yellow crystalline powder or fine granules.
Odor: Diphenyl ketone emits a faint aromatic odor, typical of aromatic ketones.
Molecular Formula (base): C₁₃H₁₀O.
Molecular Weight (base): 182.22 g/mol (higher for sulfonated, hydroxylated, or alkyl-substituted derivatives).
Density: Approximately 1.10–1.20 g/cm³ at 20 °C.
Melting Point: About 45–55 °C for the base compound; derivative forms may melt between 60–120 °C.
Boiling Point: Around 305–325 °C under standard pressure.
Vapor Pressure: Very low (<1 Pa at 25 °C), indicating low volatility.
Partition Coefficient (log P): Typically between 2.5 and 4.0, reflecting lipophilic character.
