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DISODIUM PHOSPHATE

Disodium phosphate (DSP), or disodium hydrogen phosphate, or sodium phosphate dibasic, is the inorganic compound with the formula Na2HPO4.
Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is one of several sodium phosphates.
The salt is known in anhydrous form as well as forms with 2, 7, 8, and 12 hydrates.

CAS Number: 7558-79-4
EC Number: 692-045-3
IUPAC Name: disodium;hydrogen phosphate
Chemical Formula: Na2HPO4

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All are water-soluble white powders; the anhydrous salt being hygroscopic.
The pH of disodium hydrogen phosphate water solution is between 8.0 and 11.0, meaning Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is moderately basic:
HPO42− + H2O ⇌ H2PO4− + OH−

Production and reactions
Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate can be generated by neutralization of phosphoric acid with sodium hydroxide:

H3PO4 + 2 NaOH → HNa2PO4 + 2 H2O
Industrially Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is prepared in a two-step process by treating dicalcium phosphate with sodium bisulfate, which precipitates calcium sulfate:

CaHPO4 + NaHSO4 → NaH2PO4 + CaSO4
In the second step, the resulting solution of monosodium phosphate is partially neutralized:
NaH2PO4 + NaOH → HNa2PO4 + H2O

Uses:
Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is used in conjunction with trisodium phosphate in foods and water softening treatment.
In foods, it is used to adjust pH. Its presence prevents coagulation in the preparation of condensed milk.
Similarly, it is used as an anti-caking additive in powdered products.

Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is used in desserts and puddings, e.g. Cream of Wheat to quicken cook time, and Jell-O Instant Pudding for thickening.
In water treatment, it retards calcium scale formation.
Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is also found in some detergents and cleaning agents.

Heating solid disodium phosphate gives the useful compound tetrasodium pyrophosphate:
2 HNa2PO4 → Na4P2O7 + H2O
Laxative
Monobasic and dibasic sodium phosphate are used as a saline laxative to treat constipation or to clean the bowel before a colonoscopy.

Description
Disodium hydrogen phosphate is one of the inorganic compounds that is commonly used in food industry thanks to its ability of acting as a chemical buffer.
Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate helps stabilize the PH value, prevent coagulation, and enhance food characteristics like nutritional value and cooking performance.
Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate also finds application in medical use.

Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate can stimulate general liver activities, allowing it to operate in the first place.
Besides, disodium phosphate can be used in non-food industries.
Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate can be applied in water treatment for retarding the formation of calcium scale.
Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is also found in some flame retardant, detergents and cleaning agents.

Uses:
Disodium hydrogen phosphate is a hydroscopic inorganic salt, it absorbs moisture that is then released to the skin.
In dry climatic conditions, however, it may draw moisture from the skin and release it to the air, aggravating dryness.
Without water, disodium phosphate may cause slight irritation.
Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate can also be used in a cosmetic as a fragrance, and to adjust pH or keep pH stable.
Finally, it can be selected to reduce corrosion of metallic materials used for product packaging.

Disodium hydrogen phosphate is the disodium salt of phosphoric acid which functions as a protein stabilizer, buffer, dispersant, and coagulation accelerator.
Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is mildly alkaline with a 1% solution having a ph of 9.2.
Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is moderately soluble in water with a solubility of 12 g in 100 ml at 25°c.

Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is used in farina and macaroni to shorten the cooking time by making the particles swell faster and cook more thoroughly.
In evaporated milk it acts as a buffer and prevents gelation, also acting as a buffer in coffee whiteners.
Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is an accelerator of the setting time in instant puddings.
In cream sauce and whipped products it functions as a dispersant by producing a swelling of protein.

Buffer solutions are used as a means of keeping pH at a nearly constant value in a wide variety of chemical applications.
Buffer solutions are essential to maintain the suitable condition to keep the correct pH for enzymes in many organisms to work.
Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is also used in fermentation processes and in setting the correct conditions for dyes used in coloring fabrics.

disodium hydrogen phosphate is a white, hygroscopic, odourless powder.
Hydrated forms available include the dihydrate: a white crystalline, odourless solid; the heptahydrate.
White, odourless, efflorescent crystals or granular powder; and the dodecahydrate: white, efflorescent, odourless powder or crystals

Sodium phosphate, dibasic appears as a colorless to white crystalline solid.
Soluble in water. The primary hazard is the threat to the environment.
Immediate steps should be taken to limit spread to the environment.
Used as a fertilizer, in pharmaceuticals, in food processing, and for many other uses.

Industry Uses
Corrosion inhibitors and anti-scaling agents
Fillers
Intermediates

Laboratory chemicals
Oxidizing/reducing agents
Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories
Plating agents and surface treating agents
Processing aids, not otherwise listed

Consumer Uses
Air care products
Cleaning and furnishing care products
Fabric, textile, and leather products not covered elsewhere
Food packaging

Laboratory Use
Metal products not covered elsewhere
Non-TSCA use
Water treatment products

Household & Commercial/Institutional Products
Auto Products
Inside the Home
Personal Care
Pet Care

General Manufacturing Information
Industry Processing Sectors
All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing
All other chemical product and preparation manufacturing

Food, beverage, and tobacco product manufacturing
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing (includes clay, glass, cement, concrete, lime, gypsum, and other nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing.
Paint and coating manufacturing

Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing
Primary metal manufacturing
Soap, cleaning compound, and toilet preparation manufacturing
Textiles, apparel, and leather manufacturing
Utilities

Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is generally immediately available in most volumes.
High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.

About Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate
Helpful information
Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 to < 100 000 tonnes per annum.

Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Consumer Uses
Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products, fertilisers, plant protection products and pharmaceuticals.
Other release to the environment of Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.

Other release to the environment of Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).

Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate can be found in products with material based on: fabrics, textiles and apparel (e.g. clothing, mattress, curtains or carpets, textile toys), leather (e.g. gloves, shoes, purses, furniture), paper (e.g. tissues, feminine hygiene products, nappies, books, magazines, wallpaper), stone, plaster, cement, glass or ceramic (e.g. dishes, pots/pans, food storage containers, construction and isolation material), metal (e.g. cutlery, pots, toys, jewellery) and plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones).

Widespread uses
Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is used in the following products: metal surface treatment products, pH regulators and water treatment products, fertilisers, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, water treatment chemicals and laboratory chemicals. Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is used in the following areas: agriculture, forestry and fishing, municipal supply (e.g. electricity, steam, gas, water) and sewage treatment and formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.

Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is used for the manufacture of: metals, fabricated metal products, mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement), textile, leather or fur, pulp, paper and paper products and chemicals. Other release to the environment of Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.

Formulation
Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and personal care products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, fertilisers, metal surface treatment products, water treatment chemicals, leather treatment products and metal working fluids.

Uses at industry
Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, metal surface treatment products, water treatment chemicals, fertilisers, leather treatment products and metal working fluids.
Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is used in the following areas: municipal supply (e.g. electricity, steam, gas, water) and sewage treatment and formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.

Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, metals, fabricated metal products, textile, leather or fur, pulp, paper and paper products, plastic products and mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement).

Release to the environment of Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid, of substances in closed systems with minimal release and as processing aid.

Manufacture
Release to the environment of Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance and formulation of mixtures.