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CAS: 860-22-0
MF: C16H11N2NaO8S2
MW: 446.38
EINECS: 212-728-8
E 132, or 5,5′-indigodisulfonic acid sodium salt, is an organic salt derived from indigo by aromatic sulfonation, which renders the compound soluble in water.
E 132 is approved for use as a food colorant in the U.S and E.U. to produce a blue color.
E 132 has the E number 132.
E 132 is also a pH indicator.
E 132 is indigotindisulfonate sodium, a marker dye used during cystoscopy and ureteral catheterization.
E 132 is also used in endoscopic procedures, lymph node and vessel delineation, and for tumor localization.
E 132 is an unapproved drug without FDA approved labeling.
There is no single dye that can replace E 132.
Choice of alternative agent will depend on type of procedure and physician discretion, as well as product availability.
E 132 is the most common chemical dye for clothes dyeing, which is considered as a refractory molecule since it is required a rather strong chemical treatment for its elimination from the water waste.
The presence of E 132 in residuals causes notorious change of water color and smell even in very low concentration.
Moreover, if some of this water reaches natural streams E 132 can be toxic for aquatic living entities due to the formation of toxic compounds such as aromatic amines.
An organic sodium salt resulting from the formal condensation of E 132 (acid form) with two equivalents of sodium hydroxide.
E 132 is an indicator at pH 11.5-14, changing from blue to yellow.
E 132 Chemical Properties
Melting point: >300°C
Density: 1.01 g/mL at 20 °C
Refractive index: n20/D 1.335
Storage temp.: room temp
Solubility: 1g/l
Form: Powder/Solid
Colour Index: 73015
Color: Very dark blue to purple
PH: 7 (10g/l, H2O, 20℃)
PH Range: 11.5(blue)-14.0(yellow)
Odor: Light odour
Water Solubility: 1 g/100 mL (25 ºC)
Sensitive: Light Sensitive
λmax: 608nm
Merck: 14,4944
BRN: 4103904
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Biological Applications: Detecting microorganisms; treating amyloidosis,testicular cancer; medical devices; drug delivery system.
Major Application: Display device, sensor, chemical-mechanical polishing, batteries, photographic materials, thermoplastics, inks, highlighters, detergents, disinfectants, rodenticide, colored bubbles, hair dyes, cosmetics, food, determine bacterial growth, antiischemic Magents, antiseptic, antitumor agents, Alzheimer’s disease, psychoactive drugs, Tooth whitening
LogP: -3.57
CAS DataBase Reference: 860-22-0(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: E 132 (860-22-0)
E 132 is principally the disodium salt of 2-( 1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-5-sulfo-2H-indol-2-ylidene)-2,3-dihydro3-oxo-lH-indole-5-sulfonic acid.
E 132 is a blue-brown to red-brown powder that dissolves in water to give a solution that is blue at neutrality, blue-violet in acid, and green to yellow-green in base.
When dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid, it yields a blue-violet solution that turns blue when diluted with water.
E 132 is soluble in 95% ethanol.
E 132 is used in dessert powders, bakery goods, cereals, snack foods, confectionery products, maraschino cherries, sausage, ice cream, sherbet, and dairy products.
The color is also used in drug preparations.1 .
Uses
E 132 in a 0.2% aqueous solution is blue at pH 11.4 and yellow at 13.0.
E 132 is also a redox indicator, turning yellow upon reduction.
Another use is as a dissolved ozone indicator through the conversion to isatin-5-sulfonic acid.
This reaction has been shown not to be specific to ozone, however: E 132 also detects superoxide, an important distinction in cell physiology.
E 132 is also used as a dye in the manufacturing of capsules.
E 132 for nylon, surgical sutures, foods and ingested drugs.
As a reagent for functional kidney tests, for detection of nitrates, chlorates and in testing milk.
E 132 is a colorant.
E 132 has poor ph stability in that after 1 week at ph 3 and 5 it will appreciably fade, at ph 7 considerably fade, and at ph 8 fade completely.
E 132 is the least soluble of all food colors, with a solubility of 1.6 g in 100 ml of water at 25°c.
Complete fading occurs in alkalis such as 10% sodium carbonate and 10% sodium hydroxide, with fading also occurring in 10% sugar systems.
E 132 has very poor light stability and oxidation stability, and moderate stability to heat; it has a deep blue hue with poor tinctorial strength.
E 132 is the only food color that has good resistance to reducing agents, but has very poor compatibility with food components.
The major use is in pet food, but E 132 is also used in candies, confections, and baked goods.
The common name is indigotine.
E 132 is a food additive that is widely used in the market.
E 132 was also used as a dye for cationic cotton fabrics.
Medical uses
E 132, sold under the brand name Bludigo, is used as a diagnostic dye during surgical procedures.
E 132 is indicated for use as a visualization aid in the cystoscopic assessment of the integrity of the ureters in adults following urological and gynecological open, robotic, or endoscopic surgical procedures.
E 132 was approved for medical use in the United States in July 2022.
In obstetric surgery, E 132 solutions are sometimes employed to detect amniotic fluid leaks.
In urologic surgery, intravenous injection of E 132 is often used to highlight portions of the urinary tract.
E 132 is filtered rapidly by the kidneys from the blood, and colors the urine blue.
E 132 structures of the urinary tract to be seen in the surgical field, and demonstrate if there is a leak.
However, E 132 can cause a potentially dangerous increase in blood pressure in some cases.
Although not absorbed by the cells, indigo carmine stain, sprayed onto regions of interest, highlights the topography of the mucosal surface with its blue coloring.
Generally used at a concentration around 0.2%, E 132 is useful as a screening method for diagnosing minute lesions, to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions, as well as to facilitate application of magnifying endoscopes to observe and analyze the surface structure of a lesion, delineate boundaries of early stage malignant lesions and estimate the invasion depth of cancer.
E 132 has been used to diagnose Barrett’s esophagus, evaluate villous atrophy, diagnose and discriminate polypoid and non-polypoid lesions in the colon, and diagnose gastric adenoma and cancer.
Biochem/physiol Actions
E 132, commonly known as acid blue 74 or food blue 1 or FD and C blue 2 is a blue synthetic dye.
E 132 is used as a redox indicator in analytical chemistry and as a microscopic stain in biology.
E 132 is also employed as a photometric detector.
E 132 is a highly toxic indigoid dye and is associated with various health hazards such as irritation to the gastrointestinal tract leading to nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea and irritation in the respiratory tract leading to coughing and shortness of breath.
E 132 exposure might also cause skin and eye irritations to humans.
E 132 is used for the diagnosis of dysplasia in ulcerative colitis and is considered to be a simple, feasible, and safe method.
Synonyms
Indigo carmine
860-22-0
Acid Blue 74
indigocarmine
Indigotindisulfonate sodium
C.I. ACID BLUE 74
Indigotine
Sodium 3,3'-dioxo-[2,2'-biindolinylidene]-5,5'-disulfonate
Indigocarmin
Amacid Brilliant Blue
C.I. Food Blue 1
FD&C Blue No. 2
Food Blue No. 2
CI 73015
FD & C blue no. 2
FD and C Blue No. 2
Sachsischblau
Murabba
Indigotine Lake
Indigo Extract
Indocarmine F
Soluble Indigo
Disodium 5,5'-disulfoindigo
Indigotine B
Indigotine I
Indigotine N
Intense Blue
Indigotin I
Indigotine IA
C.I. 73015
C.I. 75781
Cilefa Blue R
Indigo Carmine A
Indigo Carmine X
C.I. Natural Blue 2
Grape Blue A
Airedale Blue IN
Acid Blue W
Sodium indigo-5,5'-bisulfonate
Sodium indigotindisulfonate
HD Indigo Carmine
Indigo Carmine AC
Indigo Carmine BP
Indigo carmine-
Food Blue 2
Indigotine Blue LZ
Atul Indigo Carmine
Bucacid indigotine B
Indigo-5,5'-disulfonic acid disodium salt
C.I.FOOD BLUE 1
Grape Blue A Geigy
Maple Indigo Carmine
Edicol Supra Blue X
Indigo Carmine Powder
Mitsui Indigo Carmine
Holunder p-ac-5
Aniline Carmine powder
Acid Leather Blue IC
Dolkwal Indigo Carmine
Indigotine 85%
San-ei Indigo Carmine
Usacert Blue No. 2
Hexacert Blue No. 2
Canacert Indigo Carmine
Indigotine disodium salt
Indigotine Conc. Powder
Indigotine Extra Pure A
Sumitomo Wool Blue SBC
Disodium indigo-5,5-disulfonate
HD Indigo Carmine Supra
Sodium 5,5'-indigotindisulfonate
A.F. Blue No. 2
Indigo Carmine Conc. FQ
Gardenia grun p-ac-8
1311 Blue
C.I. Food Blue 1, disodium salt
Disodium 5,5'-indigotin disulfonate
E 132
L Blue Z 5010
12070 Blue
Bleu covalac w 6504
Indigotin-5,5'-disulfonic acid disodium salt
Hexacol Indigo Carmine Supra
Indigo Carmine Disodium Salt
Pigment Blue 63
1H-Indole-5-sulfonic acid, 2-(1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-5-sulfo-2H-indol-2-ylidene)-2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-, disodium salt
Indigotindisulphonate sodium
Carmine Blue (biological stain)
Indigo Carmine (Biological Stain)
INS NO.132
CHEBI:31695
Disodium 3,3'-dioxo-(delta2,2'-biindoline)-5,5'-disulfonate
Indigo disulfonate (Biological Stain)
Indigotindisulfonate sodium [USP]
INS-132
D3741U8K7L
Disodium salt of 1-indigotin-S,S'-disulfonic acid
DSSTox_CID_190
E-132
Soluble Indigo Blue
Indigocarmine [JAN]
16521-38-3
Indigotine 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile:Water
DSSTox_RID_75423
DSSTox_GSID_20190
2-(1,3-Dihydro-3-oxo-5-sulfo-2H-indol-2-ylidene)-2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-1H-indole-5-sulfonic acid, disodium salt
Indigotindisulfonate sodium (USP)
L-Blau 2 [German]
Indigo-karmin [German]
Indigo-karmin
Modr Kysela 74 [Czech]
disodium (2E)-3,3'-dioxo-1,1',3,3'-tetrahydro-2,2'-biindole-5,5'-disulfonate
Modr Pigment 63 [Czech]
Modr Pigment 63
1H-Indole-5-sulfonic acid, 2-(1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-5-sulfo-2H-indol-2-ylidene)-2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-, sodium salt (1:2)
CAS-860-22-0
Modr Kysela 74
Modr Potravinarska 1 [Czech]
CCRIS 1865
Modr Potravinarska 1
Schultz Nr. 1309 [German]
Food Blue 1:1
L-Blau 2
Schultz Nr. 1309
NCGC00187606-01
NSC 8646
Dinatrium indigolin-5,5'-disulfonat
EINECS 212-728-8
FD &C Blue No. 2
UNII-L06K8R7DQK
carmin indigo
indaco carminio
indigo carmim
UNII-D3741U8K7L
AI3-09087
Airdale blue IN
HSDB 7875
Natural blue 2
disodium;(2E)-3-oxo-2-(3-oxo-5-sulfonato-1H-indol-2-ylidene)-1H-indole-5-sulfonate
Indigotine Conc. Powder; Indigotine Extra Pure A
Disodium salt of 1-indigotin-S,S'-disulphonic acid
MFCD00005723
BLUDIGO
AF blue no. 2
Disodium 5,5'-(-(1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-2H-indazol-2-ylidene)-1,2-dihydro-3H-indol-3-one)disulphonate
Indigo carmine (TN)
5,5'-indigodisulfonic acid sodium salt
Indigocarmine (JP17)
Dinatrium 3,3'-dioxo-(delta2,2'-biindolin)-5,5'-disulfonat
Disodium 3,3'-dioxo-(delta(sup 2,2')-biindoline)-5,5'-disulfonate
(delta2,2'-Biindoline)-5,5'-disulfonic acid, 3,3'-dioxo-, disodium salt
Sodium indigotin disulfonate
AO2 [INCI]
INDIGO CARMINE [MI]
L06K8R7DQK
SCHEMBL40486
Disodium 2-(1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-5-sulfo-2H-indol-2-ylidene)-2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-1H-indole-5-sulfonate
SCHEMBL118376
INDIGO CARMINE [VANDF]
ACID BLUE 74 [INCI]
INDIGO CARMINE [MART.]
5,5'-Indigotin disulfonic acid
CHEMBL2105023
DTXSID1020190
INDIGO CARMINE [WHO-DD]
CI 73015 [INCI]
Indigo carmine, p.a., 80.0%
Indigo carmine, analytical standard
AMY22391
Tox21_113456
Tox21_302732
AKOS015902370
AKOS016011136
disodium;2-(3-hydroxy-5-sulfonato-1H-indol-2-yl)-3-oxoindole-5-sulfonate
CCG-269417
(delta(sup 2,2')-Biindoline)-5,5'-disulfonic acid, 3,3'-dioxo-, disodium salt
INDIGOTINDISULFONATE SODIUM [II]
NCGC00256411-01
disodium (2E)-3-oxo--(3-oxo-5-sulfonato-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-ylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indole-5-sulfonate
INDIGOTINDISULFONATE SODIUM [HSDB]
DB-056895
INDIGOTINDISULFONATE SODIUM [USP-RS]
CI-(1975)NO.73015
F0148
FT-0627198
I0214
Indigo carmine, SAJ first grade, >=90.0%
D01563
H11268
Indigo carmine, JIS special grade, >=97.5%
INDIGOTINDISULFONATE SODIUM [USP MONOGRAPH]
Q410120
3,3'-Dioxo-(delta2,2'-biindoline)-5,5'-disulfonic acid disodium salt
Indigo carmine, for microscopy (Bact., Hist.), indicator (pH 11.5-14.0)
DISODIUM 3,3'-DIOXO-(.DELTA.(SUP 2,2')-BIINDOLINE)-5,5'-DISULFONATE
DISODIUM 3,3'-DIOXO-(.DELTA.(SUP 2,2')-BIINDOLINE)-5,5'-DISULPHONATE
Indigo carmine, certified by the Biological Stain Commission, Dye content 85 %
Indigotindisulfonate sodium, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
2-(1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-5-sulfo-2h-indol-2-ylidene)-2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-1h-indole-5-sulfonic acid disodium salt
DISODIUM SALT OF 2-(1,3-DIHYDRO-3-OXO-5-SULFO-2H-INDOL-2-YLIDENE)-2,3-DIHYDRO-3-OXO-1H-INDOLE-5-SULFONIC ACID
