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E 170

E 170


CAS: 471-34-1

European Community (EC) Number: 207-439-9

Molecular Formula: CaCO3 or CCaO3

E 170 is a chemical compound with the formula CaCO3. 
E 170 is a common substance found in rocks as the minerals calcite and aragonite -most notably as limestone, which is a type of sedimentary rock consisting mainly of calcite- and is the main component of pearls and the shells of marine organisms, snails, and eggs. 
E 170 is the active ingredient in agricultural lime and is created when calcium ions in hard water react with carbonate ions to create limescale. 
E 170 is medicinally used as a calcium supplement or as an antacid, but excessive consumption can be hazardous.

E 170 appears as white, odorless powder or colorless crystals. 
E 170 is practically insoluble in water. 
E 170 occurs extensive in rocks world-wide. 
Ground calcium carbonate (CAS: 1317-65-3) results directly from the mining of limestone. 
The extraction process keeps the carbonate very close to its original state of purity and delivers a finely ground product either in dry or slurry form. 
Precipitated calcium carbonate (CAS: 471-34-1) is produced industrially by the decomposition of limestone to calcium oxide followed by subsequent recarbonization or as a by-product of the Solvay process (which is used to make sodium carbonate). 
Precipitated calcium carbonate is purer than ground calcium carbonate and has different (and tailorable) handling properties.

E 170 is the carbonic salt of calcium (CaCO3). 

E 170 is used therapeutically as a phosphate buffer in hemodialysis, as an antacid in gastric hyperacidity for temporary relief of indigestion and heartburn, and as a calcium supplement for preventing and treating osteoporosis. 

E 170 is a calcium salt with formula CCaO3. 
E 170 has a role as an antacid, a food colouring, a food firming agent and a fertilizer. 
E 170 is a calcium salt, a carbonate salt, a one-carbon compound and an inorganic calcium salt.

E 170 can be used in pharmaceutical applications. 
E 170 can also be used as a dietary ingredient and as a nutrient. 
Calcium is vital for strong bone and teeth formation. 
E 170 also helps to maintain a regular heartbeat and transmission of nerve impulses.

Food additive with multiple functions. 
E 170 is an acidity regulator, anti-caking agent, emulsifier, stabilizer and colorant. 
E 170 is part of the natural additives of mineral origin (chalk) category, and it can be found as E170(i)-Calcium carbonate or E170(ii)-Calcium hydrogen carbonate. 
For the food and pharmaceutical industry, it is usually obtained from marble.
E 170 is widely used as a surface colorant, anti-drying agent, canned fruit stabilizer and in pharmacy as a filling agent.
E 170 is a source of calcium, being incorporated in some dietary supplements.
E 170 also has the role of neutralizing gastric hyperacidity.

Calcium carbonate (E170) is a common food and pharmaceutical additive/ingredient. 
In addition to a source of calcium, the carbonate has uses including as a colour, acidity regulator and bulking agent. 
Globally, a range of regulatory agencies and pharmacopoeia control the analyses and specification of additives in food, supplements, pharmaceutical substances and excipients. 
Accordingly, a range of specifications and analyses exist for calcium carbonate depending on the application and market of the product. 
In this contribution, we analyse calcium carbonates from geological, synthetic and biogenic sources, focussing on acid insoluble impurities, a test required by current monographs. 
Analysis of calcium carbonate from different origins may require modification of existing tests to comply with regulatory bodies, due to the variation of impurities specific to the source of the material. 

E 170 is an inorganic calcium salt. 
E 170 is available in different bulk weights and particle sizes. 
E 170 is a white powder or granular material, insoluble in water and ethanol. 
E 170 is available with the binding agent maltodextrin, gum Arabic or starch. 
In combination with a binding agent, calcium carbonate has extraordinarily good tableting properties and can therefore be easily pressed. 
There are two basic possibilities to obtain calcium carbonate. 
On the one hand calcium carbonate can be recovered from natural rock (GCC – ground calcium carbonate). 
On the other hand, synthetic/precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) can be obtained by bringing about a chemical reaction.
E 170 is used, amongst other things, as a calcium source in the areas of pharmaceuticals, foods and food supplements.
Other properties and applications: antacid, abrasive cleaners in tooth care products, coated tablet excipients, indifferent carrier in powders and ointments, food colorant, mild and dried dusting powder in cosmetics.

Functions:
1. Anti-caking Agent - Prevents lumps from forming in food due to excess water. 
They usually function as a water repellent or by absorbing excess moisture.
2. Colorant - Pigments or dyes that are added in order to change or enhance the color.
3. Emollient - Softens and soothes the skin. 
Helps with skin conditioning.
4. Pearlescents / Pearlizer - Provides luster and shimmering effects
Gastric-peptic disease occurs as a result of an imbalance between protective factors, such as mucus, bicarbonate , and prostaglandin secretion, and aggressive factors, such as hydrochloric acid , pepsin, and Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ). 
Antacids work by restoring acid-base balance, attenuating the pepsin activity and increasing bicarbonate and prostaglandin secretion. 
The acid-neutralizing capacity of calcium carbonate is 58 mEq/15 ml. 
When used as a nutritional supplement, calcium carbonate acts by directly increasing calcium stores within the body. 
E 170 is the carbonic salt of calcium (CaCO3). 
E 170 is used therapeutically as a phosphate buffer in hemodialysis, as an antacid in gastric hyperacidity for temporary relief of indigestion and heartburn, and as a calcium supplement for preventing and treating osteoporosis.
E 170 is used in the production of calcium oxide as well as toothpaste and has seen a resurgence as a food preservative and color retainer, when used in or with products such as organic apples. 
As a food additive it is designated E170 and also used as an acidity regulator, anticaking agent, stabiliser or colour. 
E 170 is used in some soy milk and almond milk products as a source of dietary calcium. 
E 170 is also used as a firming agent in many canned or bottled vegetable products.
E 170 is approved to use as food and cosmetics coloring in EU. 
In US, it is no longer authorized to use a color additive in food but is allowed to use in drugs.

USES:
Production of lime and cement;
Purification of iron from iron ore in a blast furnace;
Filter medium in the drilling industry;
Added to drilling fluids to increase their density;
paint thinner;
For the production of powder extinguishers;
Used for the production of disposable diapers;
Production of putties, putties, adhesives and sealants;
Whiting in ceramics;
Glass production;
As an abrasive in scouring creams and scouring powders;
In fertilizers as a source of calcium and stabilizing soil acidity;
As passive fire protection in hazardous environments;
Alkalinity source used for flue gas desulphurization in power plants;
As a filler for the production of rubbers, paper, toothpaste, putty, acrylic paints, plastics (PVC, PP, PE) or school chalk;
For the treatment of wastewater and industrial waters (increasing the pH of the water to more alkaline), softening the water, ie removing calcium, magnesium and polyvalent metals.


SYNONYMS:

Aragonite
CALCIUM CARBONATE
471-34-1
Limestone
Calcite
Chalk
Carbonic acid calcium salt (1:1)
Calcium carbonate (1:1)
Aeromatt
calciumcarbonate
Calofort U
Calcite (Ca(Co3))
Precipitated calcium carbonate
1317-65-3
Marble dust
CaCO3
Calciumcarbonat
Glauberitum
Kalziumkarbonat
Calcitum
Calcium carbonate slurry
Hydrolyzed pearl
Calcium carbonate, powder
CI 77220
Han shui shi
kohlensaurer Kalk
Limestone, ground
carbonato de calcio
Chalk, Precipitated
carbonate de calcium
Phx cal-carb buffer
Calcium (as carbonate)
calcium trioxidocarbonate
Calcium carbonate [USP]
Carbonate (calcium)
Marble
Precpitated calcium carbonate
Kalkspar
Calcium (as calcium carbonate)
CHEBI:3311
H0G9379FGK
INS NO.170(I)INS-170(I)
MFCD00010906
Akadama
Albacar
Albafil
Albaglos
Atomite
Calcicoll
Calibrite
Calmote
Calseeds
Calwhite
Carbium
Chemcarb
Clefnon
Duramite
E-170(I)
Hydrocarb
Kotamite
Microcarb
Micromya
Neoanticid
Atomit
Calmos
Caltec
Dacote
Marfil
Levigated chalk
Allied whiting
Tums
Marble white
Calcium carbonate (USP)
Camel-carb
Camel-wite
Camel-tex
Britomya M
Britomya S
Calofort S
Calofort T
Calopake F
Calopake H
Hakuenka O
Multiflex MM
Multiflex SC
Albaglos SF
Calopake FS
Calopake PC
Carusis P
Garolite SA
Gilder's whiting
Hakuenka CC
Hakuenka DD
Hakuenka PX
Hakuenka PZ
Homocal D
Multifex MM
Neolite F
Calcene CO
Calcene NC
Calcene TM
Carbium MM
Hakuenka CCR
Neolite SP
Crystic prefil S
Neolite TPS
Calcilit 8
Carborex 2
Cal-Sup
Microwhite 25
R Jutan
Calcium Carbonate Nanopowder
Hakuenka T-DD
Brilliant 15
Filtex White Base
Hydrocarb 60
Hydrocarb 65
Marblewhite 325
Cal-Light SA
Calcidar 40
Carbital 90
Durcal 2NH
Non-Fer-Al
CCC G-white
Kredafil RM 5
Brilliant BR 15
Calofil A 4
Calofil B 1
Calofil E 2
C.I. Pigment White 18
Calcilit 100
Hakuenka R 06
Micromic CR 16
Calcium monocarbonate
Durcal 10
Durcal 40
Monocalcium carbonate
Brilliant 1500
Calofor U 50
Calopake high opacity
CCC No.AA oolitic
Eskalon 100
Eskalon 200
Eskalon 400
Eskalon 800
Finncarb 6002
C 50 (carbonate)
Kredafil 150 Extra
Albacar 5970
Caswell No. 139
Eskalon 1500
MSK-PO
MSK-C
MSK-G
MSK-K
MSK-P
MSK-V
NCC-P
Slaker rejects
Mylanta soothing lozenges
Natural calcium carbonate
Oyster shell
Ground limestone
MC-T
Calcium, Reference Standard Solution
Durcal C 640305
P-Lite 500
P-Lite 700
Di-Gel Tablets
Carbonic Acid Calcium Salt
Precipitated chalk
EGRI M 5
Pigment white 18
KULU 40
Calcium carbonate, precipitated
BRT 30
CCRIS 1333
HSDB 927
NCC 45
Tylenol Headache Plus
BS 32
Vaterite (Ca(CO3))
BRT 1500
Carbonic acid, calcium salt (1:1)
EINECS 207-439-9
AX 363
BF 200
KS 500
NS 100
NS 200
NS 400
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 073502
KS 1300
KS 1500
KS 1800
KS 2100
NS 2500
UNII-H0G9379FGK
N 34
N 43
Caltan
Calcii carbonas
Kalk
Chalk Powder
Coral Calcium
Marble Chips
carbonate calcium
C.I. 77220
K 250
calcium carb onate
Copper Nickel Foil
Marble, CP
T 130-2500
Cal-sup (TN)
calcium(II) carbonate
Calcium carbonate, CP
Calcium Carbonate,(S)
Acid controller complete
CALCITE [INCI]
Calcium Carbonate (AS)
CHALK [INCI]
CHALK [WHO-DD]
EC 207-439-9
SCHEMBL3261
Calcium Carbonate Dispersion
Calcium Carbonate Granular DC
Calcium Carbonate Precipitated
Ca (C O3)
CALCIUM CARBONATE [II]
CALCIUM CARBONATE [MI]
Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles
NDI 443 [FDMS]
CALCIUM CARBONATE [FCC]
Calcium Carbonate Microparticles
HYDROLYZED PEARL [INCI]
CALCIUM CARBONATE [HSDB]
CALCIUM CARBONATE [INCI]
CHEMBL1200539
DTXSID3036238
LIMESTONE, GROUND [FCC]
CALCIUM CARBONATE [VANDF]
NDI 443
CALCIUM CARBONATE [MART.]
Calcium carbonate, ReagentPlus(R)
Calcium carbonate,puratronic powder
CI 77220 [INCI]
CALCIUM CARBONATE [USP-RS]
CALCIUM CARBONATE [WHO-DD]
CALCIUM CARBONATE [WHO-IP]
Calcium carbonate, AR, >=98.5%
Calcium carbonate, LR, >=98.5%
AKOS015903256
Calcium carbonate, precipitated (JAN)
CALCII CARBONAS [WHO-IP LATIN]
CALCIUM CARBONATE [ORANGE BOOK]
Calcium carbonate, chelometric standard
Children's mylanta upset stomach relief
DB0672
Precipitated calcium carbonate (JP17)
CALCIUM (AS CARBONATE) [VANDF]
CALCIUM CARBONATE [EP MONOGRAPH]
Calcium carbonate, BioXtra, >=99.0%
Calcium carbonate, Monocalcium carbonate
CALCIUM CARBONATE [USP MONOGRAPH]
13701-58-1
Calcium carbonate, powder A.C.S. reagent
E170
PRECPITATED CALCIUM CARBONATE [JAN]
Calcium carbonate, puriss. p.a., >=99%
Calcium carbonate, USP, 98.0-100.5%
Calcium carbonate, NIST(R) SRM(R) 915b
E 170
FT-0623383
Calcium carbonate (99.999%-Ca) PURATREM
C08129
CALCIUM (AS CALCIUM CARBONATE) [VANDF]
Calcium carbonate, SAJ first grade, >=98.0%
Calcium carbonate, tested according to Ph.Eur.
D00932
Q23767
Calcium carbonate, 99.999% trace metals basis
Calcium carbonate, JIS special grade, >=99.5%
Calcium carbonate, p.a., 99.0%, ACS reagent
CALCIUM CARBONATE DC (SPRAY DRIED) [NDI]
Calcium carbonate, >=99.995% trace metals basis
Calcium carbonate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 99%
PEPCID COMPLETE COMPONENT CALCIUM CARBONATE
Calcium carbonate, ACS reagent, >=99.0%, powder
CALCIUM CARBONATE COMPONENT OF PEPCID COMPLETE
Calcium carbonate, BioUltra, precipitated, >=99.0% (KT)
Calcium carbonate, powder, <=30 mum particle size, 98%
Calcium carbonate, primary reference standard, 99.95-100.05%
NBS 18 (carbon isotopes in carbonatite), NIST(R) RM 8543
Calcium Carbonate, Trace metals grade 99.99% trace metals basis
Calcium Carbonate (AS), United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Calcium carbonate, BioReagent, suitable for insect cell culture, >=99.0%
Calcium, Ion chromatography standard solution, Specpure?, Ca2+ 1000?g/ml
Calcium carbonate, ACS reagent, chelometric standard, 99.95-100.05% dry basis
Calcium carbonate, anhydrous, free-flowing, Redi-Dri(TM), ACS reagent, >=99%
Calcium carbonate, anhydrous, free-flowing, Redi-Dri(TM), ReagentPlus(R), >=99%
Calcium carbonate, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Calcium carbonate, certified reference material for titrimetry, certified by BAM, according to ISO 17025, >=99.5%
Calcium carbonate, puriss., meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, USP, FCC, E170, precipitated, 98.5-100.5% (based on anhydrous substance)


 

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