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E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is used in skincare products (creams, lotions, sunscreens) as an antioxidant and skin-conditioning agent.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol helps protect the product formulation from degrading and may offer skin protection against oxidative stress (e.g., from UV exposure).
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is added to animal feed as an essential nutrient and to preserve the feed quality.
CAS Number (Chemical Abstracts Service Number):
59-02-9 (for d-alpha-tocopherol, the natural form)
10191-41-0 (for dl-alpha-tocopherol / all-rac-alpha-tocopherol, the synthetic racemic mixture)
1406-18-4 (often used generally for Vitamin E or alpha-tocopherol without specifying isomerism)
EC Number (European Community Number):
200-412-2 (for d-alpha-tocopherol)
233-466-0 (for dl-alpha-tocopherol / all-rac-alpha-tocopherol)
E number: E307a (antioxidants, ...)
Molecular Formula: C₂₉H₅₀O₂
Molecular Weight: 430.71 g/mol
SYNONYMS:
(±)-α-Tocopherol, DL-all-rac-α-Tocopherol, Vitamin E, d-α-Tocopherol, RRR-α-Tocopherol, all-rac-α-Tocopherol, (2R)-2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]chroman-6-ol, 5,7,8-Trimethyltocol, (2R)-2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol, (±)-α-Tocopherol, DL-all-rac-α-Tocopherol, Vitamin E, VITAMIN E, alpha-Tocopherol, 59-02-9, D-alpha-Tocopherol, 5,7,8-Trimethyltocol, (+)-alpha-Tocopherol, 2074-53-5, alpha Tocopherol, Phytogermine, TOCOPHEROL, Aquasol E, (R,R,R)-alpha-Tocopherol, Syntopherol, Viteolin, Eprolin, Esorb, (2R,4'R,8'R)-alpha-Tocopherol, Tocopherol alpha, dl-a-Tocopherol, alpha-Vitamin E, Profecundin, Denamone, Epsilan, Tokopharm, Vascuals, Viprimol, Etavit, alpha-Tokoferol, Evion, alpha-Tocopherol, D-, d-a-tocopherol, Eprolin S, Viterra E, E Prolin, E-Vimin, D-alpha tocopherol, Lan-E, Med-E, Tenox GT 1, Vi-E, Rhenogran Ronotec 50, (2R)-2,5,7,8-TETRAMETHYL-2-[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-TRIMETHYLTRIDECYL]CHROMAN-6-OL, Covitol F 1000, E 307 (tocopherol), (R)-2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-((4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)chroman-6-ol, Vitamin Ea, a-D-Tocopherol, D-|A-Tocopherol, Tocopherol (R,S), (+)-a-Tocopherol, CCRIS 3588, CHEBI:18145, 2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-(4',8',12'-trimethyltridecyl)-6-chromanol, HSDB 2556, 1406-18-4, EINECS 200-412-2, NSC 20812, Evitaminum, Waynecomycin, Almefrol, E307, Emipherol, Etamican, Vitayonon, Ilitia, (2R)-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-6-ol, (2R)-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]-3,4-dihydrochromen-6-ol, H4N855PNZ1, BPBio1_000362, 18920-62-2, Vitaplex E, DTXSID0026339, E 307, Spavit E, EC 200-412-2, ido-E, Endo E, N9PR3490H9, Antisterility vitamin, MFCD00072045, 2H-1-Benzopyran-6-ol, 3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]-, (2R)-, (+/-)-alpha-Tocopherol, rel-alpha-Vitamin E, DTXCID706339, RRR-alpha-tocopherol, Vitamin E alpha, CAS-59-02-9, 2H-1-Benzopyran-6-ol, 3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-((4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-, (2R)-rel-, 2H-1-Benzopyran-6-ol, 3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-, [2R-[2R*(4R*,8R*)]]-, SMR000471844, VIV, alpha-Tocopherol acid, 3,4-Dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol, (all-R)-alpha-Tocopherol, DTXSID8021355, Phytogermin, Palmvtee, alpha-Tocoferol, (+-)-Med-E, UNII-N9PR3490H9, Vitamin Ealpha, NSC-20812, Alpha-tocopherols, .ALPHA.-TOCOPHEROL, D-, Pheryl-E, DL--Tocopherol, Vita plus E, Acne C-Patch, rel--Vitamin E, -Vitamin E, Vitamin e d-alpha, NCGC00016688-02, Vitamin E, liquid, Prestwick_653, EINECS 215-798-8, EINECS 218-197-9, .alpha.-Vitamin E, Envirose 100, NSC 82623, COVIREL, RRR-alpha-tocopheryl, Vitamin E [USP], ()-alpha-Tocopherol, delta-alpha-tocopherol, alpha-delta-Tocopherol, Tocopherol, d-alpha-, CONTROX VP, EPROLIN-S, Vitamin E (D-form), TENOX GT, CHEMBL47, (R,R,R)-a-Tocopherol, Prestwick3_000404, (+)- alpha -Tocopherol, (+)-.alpha.-Tocopherol, all-rac-alpha-Tocopherolum, bmse000600, R,r,r-.alpha.-tocopherol, alpha-TOCOPHEROL (II), SCHEMBL3097, COVI-OX T 30P, DL-all-rac-alpha-Tocopherol, RIKKI N 70, UNII-H4N855PNZ1, BIDD:PXR0174, COVI-OX T 50, Vita-Jec Essential E-300, BSPBio_000328, E-MIX 40A, MLS001066396, MLS001335981, MLS001335982, BIDD:ER0562, INS NO.307A, T1539_SIGMA, DTXCID201355, INS-307A, (+)-ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL-, ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL [HSDB], (2R,4'R,8'R)-a-Tocopherol, .ALPHA.-TOCOPHEROL [MI], ALPHA TOCOPHEROL (USP-RS), (+)--Tocopherol; D--Tocopherol, HMS2096A10, HMS2231G08, C29H50O2 (D-alpha-tocopherol), D-ALPHA TOCOPHEROL [MART.], HY-N0683, Tox21_110563, Tox21_113208, Tox21_202081, BDBM50458513, E-307A, LMPR02020001, MFCD00006848, AKOS004910417, CS-8161, DB00163, FT28296, FV01596, (2R)-2-((4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-6-ol, NCGC00142625-01, NCGC00142625-04, NCGC00142625-05, NCGC00142625-06, NCGC00142625-07, NCGC00142625-10, NCGC00142625-17, NCGC00259630-01, (2R)-3,4-Dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]-2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol, (2R*(4R*,8R*))-(1)-3,4-Dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2H-benzopyran-6-ol, 2H-1-Benzopyran-6-ol, 3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]-, (2R)-, (+/-)-alpha-Tocopherol, rel-alpha-Vit, 2H-1-Benzopyran-6-ol, 3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-, [2R-[2R*(4R*,8R*)]]-, α-Tocopherol, α-Tokoferol, (All-R)-α-Tocopherol, (2R,4'R,8'R)-α-Tocopherol, D-α-tocopherol, Almefrol, Antisterility vitamin, Denamone, Emipherol, Endo E, Eprolin, Eprolin S, Epsilan, Esorb, Etamican, Etavit, Evion, Evitaminum, Ilitia, Phytogermine, Profecundin, Spavit E, Syntopherol, Tokopharm, Vascuals, Verrol, Vi-E, Vitaplex E, Vitayonon, Viteolin, 5,7,8-Trimethyltocol, Aquasol E, Lan-E, Med-E, Vita E, Covi-ox, Spavit, (R,R,R)-α-Tocopherol, (+)-α-Tocopherol, [2R-2R*(4R*,8R*)]-3,4-Dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol, 3,4-Dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol, [2R-[2R*(4R*,8R*)]]-, Covitol F 1300, E-vimin, Viprimol, (2R)-3,4-Dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]-2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol, E-Oil 1000, Tenox GT 1, Rhenogran Ronotec 50, Covitol F 1000, α-Vitamin E, α-D-Tocopherol, 2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-6-chromanol, E-toplex, Epsilan-m, Evipherol, Tocopherex, 18920-62-2, 121854-78-2, 364-49-8, Tocopherol, (R)-2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-((4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)chroman-6-ol, E-toplex (Salt/Mix), Epsilan-m (Salt/Mix), Evipherol (Salt/Mix), Tocopherex (Salt/Mix), Tocopherol (Related), Alpha-Tocopherol, Vitamin E, Antisterility Vitamin, 5,7,8-Trimethyltocol, d-Alpha-Tocopherol, dl-Alpha-Tocopherol, all-rac-Alpha-Tocopherol, RRR-Alpha-Tocopherol, Alpha-Tocopherol Acetate, Alpha-Tocopherol Succinate, Alpha-Tocopheryl Acetate, Alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate, DL-Alpha-Tocopherol Acetate, E-Mix 40A, E-Mix 80, E-Mix D, E-Vimin, EphyNal, Eprolin-S, Epsilan, Esorb, Etavit, Evion, Evipherol, Phytogermine, Profecundin, Rikki N 70, Syntopherol, Tenox GT, Tocopherol, Tokopharm, Vascuals, Viteolin, Vitamin E, α-Tocopherol, alpha-Tocopherol, (+)-Alpha-Tocopherol, D-alpha-Tocopherol, (2R)-alpha-Tocopherol, 5,7,8-Trimethyltocol, (2R)-2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]chroman-6-ol, all-rac-alpha-tocopherol (for the synthetic mixture), DL-alpha-Tocopherol (for the synthetic mixture), Alpha-tocopherol, D-alpha-tocopherol, 59-02-9, (+)-alpha-tocopherol, 5,7,8-trimethyltocol, Aquasol e, Vitamin E, DL-alpha-tocopherol, CAS 10191-41-0, α-tocopherol, (+)-alpha-Tocopherol, Vitamin E, E307 synthetic alpha tocopherol supplier, E307 synthetic alpha tocopherol manufacturer, E307 synthetic alpha tocopherol wholesaler
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is a food additive classified as an antioxidant.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is often derived from vegetable oils such as sunflower oil, safflower oil, and wheat germ oil.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is also known as Vitamin E.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is extracted from vegetable oils rich in Vitamin E, but can also be synthetically produced.
Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant naturally present in many foods and is also available as a dietary supplement.
The term “alpha” indicates that this is the most active form of Vitamin E.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is the most biologically active form of Vitamin E.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is a fat-soluble antioxidant.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is a type of vitamin E.
Its E number is "E307".
Vitamin E exists in eight different forms, four tocopherols and four tocotrienols.
All feature a chromane ring, with a hydroxyl group that can donate a hydrogen atom to reduce free radicals and a hydrophobic side chain, along with an aromatic ring is situated near the carbonyls in the fatty acyl chains of the phospholipid bilayer, allows for penetration into biological membranes.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is found most in the membrane's non-raft domains, associated with omega-3 and 6 fatty acids, to partially prevent oxidation.
The most prevalent form, E 307 Alpha Tocopherol, is involved in molecular, cellular, biochemical processes closely related to overall lipoprotein and lipid homeostasis.
Compared to the others, E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is preferentially absorbed and accumulated in humans.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is a type of vitamin E that is accumulated and absorbed in humans.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is a food additive in the category of antioxidants, naturally found in oilseeds, also known as Vitamin E.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is extracted from plant oils rich in Vitamin E, but can also be obtained synthetically.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is an essential micronutrient for a healthy antioxidant system
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is an essential micronutrient which is found in a variety of foods of plant and animal origin mainly in nuts, seeds and vegetable oils.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is well known as an antioxidant that helps protect cells against oxidative stress.
As a scavenger of peroxyl radicals, E 307 Alpha Tocopherol inhibits lipid peroxidation reactions, e.g. in cell membranes.
Moreover, beyond its antioxidant function, E 307 Alpha Tocopherol supports a healthy immune system.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol has the highest vitamin E activity of all vitamin E forms.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is also the only form of vitamin E that is recognized by scientists to meet the vitamin E requirements.
Although vitamin E deficiency is rare, many people do not consume enough vitamin E to provide what is considered enough to achieve the expected health benefits.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol, commonly known as Vitamin E, is a powerful antioxidant essential for maintaining health and well-being.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is synthetic alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E).
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is an antioxidant approved for use in many food categories.
Being fat-soluble, E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is often used in fatty products (e.g., cooking oils, cheese, and other dairy products).
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol's use does not appear to pose any risks.
Vitamin E, known as the anti-sterility vitamin - from the Greek tokos (child) and pherein (bear), is fat-soluble and is a mixture of alpha-, beta-, gamma- and delta- tocopherols.
Although eight chemically similar substances have Vitamin E activity, E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is the most active of these with 100%, followed by beta- (15-40%), gamma- (1-20%) then delta (1%).
Found in most foods, E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is abundant in, amongst other things, whole grain cereals, corn and cottonseed oils, egg yolks, meat, and milk.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is an antioxidant and is used in pork pies and sausages as well as a vitamin supplement.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol has a greater antioxidant effect than gamma-tocopherol (E308) in animals but not in cells or non-biological matter.
It also protects other nutrients, such as Vitamin A, from oxidation but is largely destroyed by freezing.
Commercially it can be produced from cottonseed, maize, rice germ, soya bean oil, wheat germ, or green leaves and may, therefore, come from Genetically Modified sources.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is one of the four isomer components that constitute tocopherol: alpha-tocopherol, beta-tocopherol, delta-tocopherol and/or gamma-tocopherol.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol ((2R)-2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol) is a type of vitamin E.
Vitamin E exists in eight different forms, four tocopherols and four tocotrienols.
All feature a chromane ring, with a hydroxyl group that can donate a hydrogen atom to reduce free radicals and a hydrophobic side chain which allows for penetration into biological membranes.
Compared to the others, E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is preferentially absorbed and accumulated in humans.
Vitamin E is found in a variety of tissues, being lipid-soluble, and taken up by the body in a wide variety of ways.
The most prevalent form, E 307 Alpha Tocopherol, is involved in molecular, cellular, biochemical processes closely related to overall lipoprotein and lipid homeostasis.
Ongoing research is believed to be "critical for manipulation of vitamin E homeostasis in a variety of oxidative stress-related disease conditions in humans."
One of these disease conditions is the E 307 Alpha Tocopherol role in the use by malaria parasites to protect themselves from the highly oxidative environment in erythrocytes.
USES and APPLICATIONS of E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL:
Food Additive: E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is primarily used as an antioxidant in foods, particularly those containing fats and oils.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol helps prevent rancidity and spoilage caused by oxidation, thereby extending shelf life.
Common foods include: Dietary Supplement: As the most potent form of Vitamin E, E 307 Alpha Tocopherol's widely used in vitamin supplements.
Vitamin E is an essential nutrient for humans.
Cosmetics and Personal Care: E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is used in skincare products (creams, lotions, sunscreens) as an antioxidant and skin-conditioning agent.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol helps protect the product formulation from degrading and may offer skin protection against oxidative stress (e.g., from UV exposure).
Animal Feed: E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is added to animal feed as an essential nutrient and to preserve the feed quality.
When E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is used nutritionally, intake should ideally be within the recommended dietary guidelines.
In summary, E307 Alpha-Tocopherol is a safe and widely used food antioxidant, cosmetic ingredient, and the primary form of the essential nutrient Vitamin E, valued for its ability to protect against oxidative damage.
Food Industry: E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is used as an antioxidant (E307) to prevent rancidity in fatty products like oils, margarine, butter, snacks, pastries, and dairy products.
Cosmetics and Skincare: E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is incorporated for its antioxidant properties, helping to protect the skin against free radicals.
Dietary Supplements: E 307 Alpha Tocopherol serves as a source of Vitamin E, essential for human nutrition.
Pharmaceuticals: E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is utilized for their antioxidant and cytoprotective activities.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is used as an antioxidant.
In the food industry, E 307 Alpha Tocopherol (E307, all-rac-alpha-tocopherol) is used as an antioxidant to reduce oxidation of food products.
Thereby, E 307 Alpha Tocopherol helps to improve the shelf life of, for example, vegetable oils, margarine and bakery products.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is widely used in daily supplements, skincare products and food preservation for its preservative and beneficial properties.
Dietary supplements: E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is a key ingredient in dietary supplements for its antioxidant benefits, supporting immune function and overall health.
Cosmetics: E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is used in skin care products for its ability to protect skin cells from damage caused by free radicals, supporting skin health and youth.
Food Industry: E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is added to food products as a natural preservative to prevent oxidation and extend shelf life.
Medication: E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is used in drug formulations for its potential therapeutic effects, including anti-inflammatory properties.
Animal feed: E 307 Alpha Tocopherol includes animal feed for antioxidant benefits and possible health improvements in animals.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol plays an important role in protecting cells from oxidative stress.
Oxidative stress is a condition that occurs when free radicals accumulate in the body and damage cells.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol protects cell membranes by neutralizing free radicals and supports defense mechanisms against oxidative damage.
Thus, E 307 Alpha Tocopherol helps cells stay healthy and maintain their normal functions.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol also strengthens the immune system and protects against infections.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol helps tissues heal by reducing inflammation and increasing the effectiveness of immune cells.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol also increases blood flow by dilating blood vessels, which helps carry more oxygen and nutrients to tissues and organs.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol also has many benefits for skin health.
Thanks to its antioxidant properties, E 307 Alpha Tocopherol protects the skin from the sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays and prevents signs of premature aging.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol cleanses the skin of free radicals and supports collagen production, helping to keep skin tissue healthy.
In addition, E 307 Alpha Tocopherol strengthens cell membranes, supports nervous system health and protects against neurological diseases.
Thanks to its antioxidant properties, E 307 Alpha Tocopherol protects brain cells from free radical damage and thus improves cognitive functions.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol also supports heart and vascular health, reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is a natural antioxidant that provides many benefits for the body.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol helps protect against oxidative stress, strengthens the immune system, supports skin health, reduces the risk of neurological diseases and improves cardiovascular health.
However, E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is important to consult your doctor before using any supplements.
Tocopherols are essential to the life of red blood cells and helps the supply of oxygen to the heart and muscles.
Its requirement is increased by high intakes of polyunsaturated fats but, as the body stores about a year's supply, Vitamin E deficiency that produces signs and symptoms is rare.
Generous intakes may protect cell membranes from oxidation damage and consequent degenerative diseases.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is an antioxidant for polyunsaturated fatty acids in tissue fats and is used in meat pies, desert toppings and vegetable oils as well as a vitamin supplement.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol has a greater antioxidant effect than gamma-tocopherol E308 in animals but not in cells or non-biological matter.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol also protects other nutrients, such as Vitamin A, from oxidation but is largely destroyed by freezing.
Commercially, E 307 Alpha Tocopherol can be extracted, by distillation in a vacuum, from cottonseed, maize, rice germ, soya bean oil, wheat germ, or green leaves and may, therefore, come from Genetically Modified sources.
Because of E 307 Alpha Tocopherol's antioxidant synergy with Ascorbyl palmitate it is likely to be found in combination with E304.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol's antioxidant action has effects on the brain, when, in the cardiovascular system, there are problems of diabetes caused by LDL cholesterol and in liver diseases.
In the medical field, E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is an adjuvant to treat vascular diseases, as prevention for cellular diseases and for a correct functioning of the immune system.
Common applications of E 307 Alpha Tocopherol: Flour, biscuits, soy drinks, dietetic and pharmaceutic products.
-E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is found in a variety of tissues, being lipid-soluble, and taken up by the body in a wide variety of ways.
Ongoing research is believed to be "critical for manipulation of E 307 Alpha Tocopherol homeostasis in a variety of oxidative stress-related disease conditions in humans."
One of these disease conditions is the E 307 Alpha Tocopherol role in the use by malaria parasites to protect themselves from the highly oxidative environment in erythrocytes.
A second of these disease conditions is the E 307 Alpha Tocopherol antioxidant properties' role in cardiovascular heart disease.
In preventing LDL (low-density lipoprotein) oxidation, E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is able to decrease chances of atherosclerosis and arterial build-up.
-Application of E 307 Alpha Tocopherol:
Using DL-E 307 Alpha Tocopherol as the lipophilic end of the surfactant, polyethylene glycol (polyoxyethylene ether, EO) chain.
As the hydrophilic end, the nonionic surfactant DL-E 307 Alpha Tocopherol methoxy polyethylene glycol succinate (DL-E 307 Alpha Tocopherol methoxypolyethylene glycol succinates, referred to as TPGS-X-M (X=750, 1000, 1500, 1900, indicating the Use the relative molecular mass of polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether).
The method of synthesizing this active agent is as follows.
Combine DL-E 307 Alpha Tocopherol (1, 0.15 mol, 64.5 g) and butadiene Anhydride (0.225 mol, 22.5 g) in cyclohexane solution (300 mL) Reflux, using Dean-Stark trap to continuously separate the reaction products of water and stir overnight.
Wait until the liquid level in the water separator no longer rises.
When the time, it means that the reaction has ended.
Add the right amount to the mixture water, extract 3 times with dichloromethane, hydrochloric acid (1 mol/L, 50 mL) wash 3 times, wash 2 times with water (30 mL), dry with anhydrous magnesium sulfate dry, use a rotary evaporator to remove the organic solvent to obtain a yellow liquid body compound 2, 81.7 g, yield 99%.
-Cosmetics uses of E 307 Alpha Tocopherol:
*Antioxidant agent.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol that counteracts oxidative stress and prevents cell damage.
Free radicals, pathological inflammatory processes, reactive nitrogen species and reactive oxygen species are responsible for the ageing process and many diseases caused by oxidation.
*Fragrance.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol plays a decisive and important role in the formulation of cosmetic products as it provides the possibility of enhancing, masking or adding fragrance to the final product, increasing its marketability.
The consumer always expects to find a pleasant or distinctive scent in a cosmetic product.
*Skin conditioning agent - Miscellaneous:
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol has the task of modifying the condition of the skin when it is damaged or dry by reducing its flakiness and restoring its elasticity.
*Skin conditioning agent - Occlusive:
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol has the task of modifying the condition of the skin when it is damaged or dry by reducing flaking and restoring elasticity.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol has a strong lipophilic character and is identified as an occlusive ingredient; it is generally composed of oily and fatty materials that remain on the skin surface and reduce trans epidermal water loss.
WHAT E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL IS USED FOR AND WHERE?
*Medical
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol's antioxidant action has effects on the brain, when, in the cardiovascular system, there are problems of diabetes caused by LDL cholesterol and in liver diseases.
In the medical field, E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is an adjuvant to treat vascular diseases, as prevention for cellular diseases and for a correct functioning of the immune system.
*Food:
Ingredient included in the list of European food additives as E 307 Alpha Tocopherol, antioxidant
BENEFITS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL:
*Antioxidant Properties:
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol protects cells from oxidative damage by neutralizing free radicals.
*Nutritional Value:
Essential nutrient contributing to overall well-being.
*Shelf-life Extension:
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol delays oxidation in food products, thereby extending their shelf life.
*Fat-Soluble Vitamin:
Absorbed along with dietary fats, stored in body tissues.
ADVANTAGES OF E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL:
*Antioxidant Properties:
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol protects cells from oxidative stress and free radical damage.
*Skin Health:
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol supports healthy skin by preventing premature aging and preserving skin elasticity.
*Immune Support:
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol improves immune function by protecting cells and supporting the immune response.
*Cardiovascular Health:
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol may support heart health by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.
*Nutritional Benefits:
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is essential nutrient for overall health and inspiration.
MAIN FUNCTION OF E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL:
Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin essential for human health.
The most common and biologically active form of Vitamin E is E 307 Alpha Tocopherols, however, there are many other types of tocopherols and tocotrienols which can be used for their properties as an antioxidant for a technological function in food.
Through the mechanisms of protecting cells against oxidative stress, E 307 Alpha Tocopherol has a positive impact on maintaining healthy skin, eyes, and the immune system.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol in foods and food supplements
When adding a source of E 307 Alpha Tocopherol to fortified foods or food supplements, certain permitted forms are allowed depending on the category, and we have listed these below.
To declare the amount of E 307 Alpha Tocopherol, each form must be converted to its d-alpha-tocopherol equivalents (a-TE) in mg.
SYNTHETIC E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL:
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol, which is extracted from the seeds of various oleaginous plants such as wheat, corn and soybeans, belongs to the class of antioxidants, color stabilizers and vitamin-active substances.
Suppliers of E 307 Alpha Tocopherol thus offer a synthetic form of vitamin E.
There are no restrictions on the use of synthetic E 307 Alpha Tocopherol in food production.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol offers many applications to product development and food technology, as the antioxidant can be used in oils, margarines, edible fats, infant formula, chewing gum, dressings, desserts, sauces, soups, snack foods, marzipan, potato products, peanut cream, nougat and food supplements.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is not approved for organic products.
SYNTHESIS OF E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL:
To synthesize the ⍺-diastereomer selectively, tocol acetate is transformed to the naturally occurring, kinetically favored α-tocopherol.
This transformation is catalyzed by the lipase enzyme.
This reaction occurs under biological conditions, commonly in the digestive system.
ORIGIN OF E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL:
Extract of vegetable oils rich in tocopherols (vitamin E), especially sunflower oil.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol can also be made by chemical synthesis.
FUNCTION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL:
*Anti-oxidant in fatty products, especially added to prevent rancidity of animal oils.
*High vitamin E activity.
*Applications are limited due to the strong flavour E 307 Alpha Tocopherol imparts.
E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL OCCURS IN:
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol occurs naturally in cereals, in oils and, in particular in:
*olive oil
*wheat germ oil
*palm oil
*soybean oil
*corn oil
*sunflower oil
*eggs
*butter
*peanuts
*almonds and other dried fruit
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is a fundamental antioxidant and can be created using a chemical process.
CHARACTERISTICS OF E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL:
Lipid-soluble (fat-soluble).
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol belongs to the Tocopherol family (which also includes beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherols), all exhibiting Vitamin E activity, but alpha-tocopherol has the highest biological activity.
The antioxidant activity stems from E 307 Alpha Tocopherol's ability to donate a hydrogen atom from the hydroxyl (-OH) group on its ring structure to neutralize free radicals.
BENEFITS OF E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL:
*Potent Antioxidant:
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol protects cell membranes and other lipid-containing structures (like LDL cholesterol) from damage by free radicals.
This is E 307 Alpha Tocopherol's primary biochemical function.
*Immune System Support:
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol plays a role in maintaining a healthy immune function.
*Skin Health:
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol contributes to skin health, potentially offering protection against environmental damage.
*Eye Health:
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol may play a role in maintaining eye health.
*Neurological Function:
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is important for nerve function.
PREPARATION OF E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL:
There are many synthetic methods of E 307 Alpha Tocopherol ((2R)-2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol) reported in the literature, one of which and the specific method of synthesis are as follows.
7.55 g (50 mmol) of trimethylhydroquinone (purity 99.7 %)
40 g of ethylene carbonate (or propylene carbonate) and 50 ml of heptane were introduced into a 200 ml four-necked flask equipped with a reflux condenser, a water separator, a mechanical stirrer and an argon gasification means and heated to reflux temperature (bath temperature 140 °C) under an argon atmosphere.
After the addition of methane trisulphonate as an aqueous solution (for 0.05 mole % of CH (S03H) 3 based on the molar amount of subsequently added isophytol 4.23 mg = 391 UL of catalyst were used),
12.026 ml (33 mmol) of isophytol were added at a rate of 0.6 ml/minute.
Thus the volume ratio of trimethylhydroquinone to isophytol was about 1.5: 1.
Thereafter, the heptane was distilled off and the mixture was heated to 125-130°C for 30 minutes, then cooled to 80°C.
50 ml of heptane were added to the ethylene carbonate phase.
The reaction mixture was stirred for a further 10 minutes at 50°C.
The heptane layer was then separated and evaporated under reduced pressure to give (ALL-RAC)- C-TOCOPHEROL as a viscous oil in a yield shown in the following Tables 1 and 2 in which EC signifies ethylene carbonate, PC signifies propylene carbonate and IP signifies isophytol.
For synthesis of (DL)-[α]-tocopherol, in a typical procedure,
152 mg of TMHQ was dissolved in 10 mL of solvent (acetonitrile, hexane, toluene, DMC, or hexane:DMC [50:50]) in a two-necked flask.
Then 50 mg of catalyst was added to this mixture.
Once the temperature reached 100 °C,
0.4 mL of IP (TMHQ: IP molar ratio = 1:1) was added dropwise under stirring.
The reaction was carried out under reflux conditions for 1 h.
After the reaction was stopped, the catalyst was filtered off and the product separated from solvent under vacuum at 80 °C, as light-yellow–brown oil.
Yields and purity were determined by HPLC analysis under following conditions:
column, EC 125/4.6 NUCLEOSIL 120-5 C18; eluent, acetonitrile; flow rate, 0.8 mL/min; wavelength, 280 nm; volume sample, 15 μL.
The compounds were identified with the aid of pure samples (standards).
STEREOISOMERS OF E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL:
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol has three stereocenters, so it is a chiral molecule.
The eight stereoisomers of E 307 Alpha Tocopherol differ in the configuration of these stereocenters.
RRR-E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is the natural one.
The older name of RRR-E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is d-E 307 Alpha Tocopherol, but this d/l naming should be no longer used, because whether l-E 307 Alpha Tocopherol should mean SSS enantiomer or the SRR diastereomer is not clear, from historical reasons.
The SRR may be named 2-epi-E 307 Alpha Tocopherol, the diastereomeric mixture of RRR-E 307 Alpha Tocopherol and 2-epi-E 307 Alpha Tocopherol may be called 2-ambo-E 307 Alpha Tocopherol (formerly named dl-E 307 Alpha Tocopherol).
The mixture of all eight diastereomers is called all-rac-E 307 Alpha Tocopherol.
One IU of tocopherol is defined as 2⁄3 milligram of RRR-E 307 Alpha Tocopherol (formerly named d-E 307 Alpha Tocopherol).
1 IU is also defined as 0.9 mg of an equal mix of the eight stereoisomers, which is a racemic mixture, all-rac-α-tocopheryl acetate.
This mix of stereoisomers is often called dl-α-tocopheryl acetate.
Starting with May 2016, the IU unit is made obsolete, such that 1 mg of "Vitamin E" is 1 mg of d-alpha-tocopherol or 2 mg of DL-E 307 Alpha Tocopherol.
SAFETY AND USAGE OF E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL:
Regulatory Status:
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol is approved as a food additive in many regions, including the EU, USA (where it is Generally Recognized As Safe - GRAS), Australia, and others.
E 307 Alpha Tocopherol's use levels are regulated and vary depending on the food category.
ACCEPTABLE DAILY INTAKE (ADI) OF E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL:
Food safety authorities like EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) have established Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs) for total Vitamin E intake (from food and supplements) rather than a specific ADI for E 307 Alpha Tocopherol as an additive.
The UL for adults for E 307 Alpha Tocopherol equivalents is generally around 300 mg/day (based on EFSA).
Recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) focus on nutritional needs, which are much lower (e.g., 15 mg/day for adults in the US).
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL:
EC Number (European Community Number):
200-412-2 (for d-alpha-tocopherol)
233-466-0 (for dl-alpha-tocopherol / all-rac-alpha-tocopherol)
CAS Number (Chemical Abstracts Service Number):
59-02-9 (for d-alpha-tocopherol, the natural form)
10191-41-0 (for dl-alpha-tocopherol / all-rac-alpha-tocopherol, the synthetic racemic mixture)
1406-18-4 (often used generally for Vitamin E or alpha-tocopherol without specifying isomerism)
Chemical formula: C29H50O2
Molar mass: 430.71 g/mol
Appearance: yellow-brown viscous liquid
Density: 0.950 g/cm3
Melting point: 2.5 to 3.5 °C (36.5 to 38.3 °F; 275.6 to 276.6 K)
Boiling point: 200 to 220 °C (392 to 428 °F; 473 to 493 K) at 0.1 mmHg
Solubility in water: insoluble
Solubility: soluble in alcohol, ether, acetone, oils
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C29H50O2
CAS Number: 10191-41-0
Molecular Weight: 430.71
Beilstein: 94012
EC Number: 233-466-0
MDL number: MFCD00006848
UNSPSC Code: 12352205
eCl@ss: 34058016
PubChem Substance ID: 57648149
NACRES: NA.28
Physical state: viscous
Color: light yellow
Odor: odorless
Melting point/freezing point: Melting point: 2.5 - 3.5 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 208 - 210 °C at 0.0266 hPa
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: > 300 °C
pH: No data available
Viscosity:
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: 4.200 mPa.s at 20 °C
Water solubility: 0.00001 g/l at 20 °C
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water log Pow: > 6 - (External MSDS), Potential bioaccumulation
Vapor pressure: 13 hPa at 155 °C
Density: 0.95 g/mL at 20 °C
Relative density: 0.95 at 25 °C
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available
Molecular Weight: 430.7 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: 10.7
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 12
Exact Mass: 430.381080833 Da
Monoisotopic Mass: 430.381080833 Da
Topological Polar Surface Area: 29.5 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 31
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 503
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 3
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Chemical Formula: C29H50O2
Molar Mass: 430.71 g/mol
Appearance: Clear, yellow to brownish-red, viscous oil.
Odor: Mild, characteristic, or nearly odorless.
Solubility:
Practically insoluble in water.
Soluble in ethanol (alcohol).
Freely soluble in acetone, chloroform, ether, vegetable oils, and fats.
Melting Point: 2.5–3.5 °C (for d-alpha-tocopherol)
Boiling Point: Decomposes upon heating at atmospheric pressure before boiling.
Can be distilled under high vacuum (e.g., 200-220 °C at ~0.1 mmHg).
Density: Approximately 0.95 g/cm³
Stability:
Sensitive to oxidation by air (oxygen), especially when heated or exposed to light or alkaline conditions.
Relatively stable to heat in the absence of oxygen.
Stable in acidic conditions.
Antioxidant properties derive from the phenolic hydroxyl group on the chromanol ring.
Appearance: Yellow-brown viscous liquid
Density: 0.950 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Melting Point: 2.5–3.5 °C
Boiling Point: 200–220 °C at 0.1 mmHg
Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol, ether, acetone, and oils
LogP: 8.84
pKa (Strongest Acidic): 10.8
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 12
Topological Polar Surface Area: 29.46 Ų
Refractivity: 135.37 m³·mol⁻¹
Polarizability: 55.29 ų
Number of Rings: 2
Physiological Charge: 0
Storage Conditions: Store at 2–8 °C, protected from light and moisture
FIRST AID MEASURES of E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available
ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.
FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.
EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.
HANDLING and STORAGE of E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
STABILITY and REACTIVITY of E 307 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
