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CAS Number : 546-93-0
EC Number : 208-915-9
PubChem CID : 11029
ECHA InfoCard : 100.008.106
ChemSpider : 10563
E number : E504
Chemical formula : MgCO3
Molar mass : 84.3139 g/mol (anhydrous)
Density : 2.958 g/cm3
Melting point : 350 °C
Other names :
-Magnesite
-Barringtonite (dihydrate)
-Nesequehonite (trihydrate)
-Lansfordite (pentahydrate)
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) , MgCO3 (archaic name magnesia alba), is an inorganic salt that is a colourless or white solid.
Several hydrated and basic forms of magnesium carbonate also exist as minerals.
Forms of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE)
The most common magnesium carbonate forms are the anhydrous salt called magnesite (MgCO3), and the di, tri, and pentahydrates known as barringtonite (MgCO3·2H2O), nesquehonite (MgCO3·3H2O), and lansfordite (MgCO3·5H2O), respectively.
Some basic forms such as artinite (Mg2CO3(OH)2·3H2O), hydromagnesite (Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2·4H2O), and dypingite (Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2·5H2O) also occur as minerals.
All of those minerals are colouress or white.
Magnesite consists of colourless or white trigonal crystals.
The anhydrous salt is practically insoluble in water, acetone, and ammonia.
All forms of magnesium carbonate react with acids.
Magnesite crystallizes in the calcite structure wherein Mg2+ is surrounded by six oxygen atoms.
The dihydrate has a triclinic structure, while the trihydrate has a monoclinic structure.
References to "light" and "heavy" magnesium carbonates actually refer to the magnesium hydroxy carbonates hydromagnesite and dypingite, respectively.
Preparation of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE)
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is ordinarily obtained by mining the mineral magnesite.
Seventy percent of the world's supply is mined and prepared in China.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) can be prepared in laboratory by reaction between any soluble magnesium salt and sodium bicarbonate:
MgCl2(aq) + 2 NaHCO3(aq) → MgCO3(s) + 2 NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
If magnesium chloride (or sulfate) is treated with aqueous sodium carbonate, a precipitate of basic magnesium carbonate – a hydrated complex of magnesium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide – rather than magnesium carbonate itself is formed:
5 MgCl2(aq) + 5 Na2CO3(aq) + 5 H2O(l) → Mg4(CO3)3(OH)2·3H2O(s) + Mg(HCO3)2(aq) + 10 NaCl(aq)
High purity industrial routes include a path through magnesium bicarbonate, which can be formed by combining a slurry of magnesium hydroxide and carbon dioxide at high pressure and moderate temperature.
The bicarbonate is then vacuum dried, causing it to lose carbon dioxide and a molecule of water:
Mg(OH)2 + 2 CO2 → Mg(HCO3)2
Mg(HCO3)2 → MgCO3 + CO2 + H2O
Chemical properties of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE)
With acids
Like many common group 2 metal carbonates, magnesium carbonate reacts with aqueous acids to release carbon dioxide and water:
MgCO3 + 2 HCl → MgCl2 + CO2 + H2O
MgCO3 + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + CO2 + H2O
Decomposition
At high temperatures MgCO3 decomposes to magnesium oxide and carbon dioxide.
This process is important in the production of magnesium oxide.
This process is called calcining:
MgCO3 → MgO + CO2 (ΔH = +118 kJ/mol)
The decomposition temperature is given as 350 °C (662 °F).
However, calcination to the oxide is generally not considered complete below 900 °C due to interfering readsorption of liberated carbon dioxide.
The hydrates of the salts lose water at different temperatures during decomposition.
For example, in the trihydrate MgCO3·3H2O, which molecular formula may be written as Mg(HCO3)(OH)·2H2O, the dehydration steps occur at 157 °C and 179 °C as follows:
Mg(HCO3)(OH)·2(H2O) → Mg(HCO3)(OH)·(H2O) + H2O at 157 °C
Mg(HCO3)(OH)·(H2O) → Mg(HCO3)(OH) + H2O at 179 °C
Uses of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE)
The primary use of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is the production of magnesium oxide by calcining.
Magnesite and dolomite minerals are used to produce refractory bricks.
MgCO3 is also used in flooring, fireproofing, fire extinguishing compositions, cosmetics, dusting powder, and toothpaste.
Other applications are as filler material, smoke suppressant in plastics, a reinforcing agent in neoprene rubber, a drying agent, and colour retention in foods.
Because of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE)s low solubility in water and hygroscopic properties, MgCO3 was first added to salt in 1911 to make it flow more freely.
The Morton Salt company adopted the slogan "When it rains it pours", meaning that its salt containing MgCO3 would not stick together in humid weather.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE), most often referred to as "chalk", is also used as a drying agent on athletes' hands in rock climbing, gymnastics, weightlifting and other sports in which a firm grip is necessary.
As a food additive, magnesium carbonate is known as E504.
Its only known side effect is that it may work as a laxative in high concentrations.
Magnesium carbonate is used in taxidermy for whitening skulls.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) can be mixed with hydrogen peroxide to create a paste, which is spread on the skull to give it a white finish.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is used as a matte white coating for projection screens.
Medical use
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is a laxative to loosen the bowels.
In addition, high purity E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is used as an antacid and as an additive in table salt to keep it free flowing.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) can do this because E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) does not dissolve in water, only in acid, where it will effervesce (bubble).
Safety
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is non-toxic and non-flammable.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is a magnesium salt with formula CMgO3.
Its hydrated forms, particularly the di-, tri-, and tetrahydrates occur as minerals.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) has a role as an antacid and a fertilizer.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is a magnesium salt, a carbonate salt, a one-carbon compound and an organic magnesium salt.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE), also known as magnesite, is a common over the counter remedy for heartburn and upset stomach caused by overproduction of acid in the stomach.
Magnesite appears as white, yellowish, grayish-white or brown crystalline solid or crystalline powder.
Density: 3-3.1 g cm-3. An important ore for magnesium.
Used in the manufacture of materials capable of withstanding very high temperatures.
Sometimes used to produce carbon dioxide.
Use and Manufacturing of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE)
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is added to table salt, and it is used as an antacid. [ACGIH] Used to make other compounds in the paint, ink, fireproofing, flooring, polishing, plastics, and rubber industries; [HSDB]
For magnesium carbonate (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 073503) there are 0 labels match. /SRP: Not registered for current use in the U.S., but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./
In foods as a drying agent, color retention agent, anticaking agent and a carrier.
Industry Uses of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE)
-Fillers
-Laboratory chemicals
-Lubricants and lubricant additives
-Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories
-Process regulators
-Processing aids, not otherwise listed
Consumer Uses of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE)
-Building/construction materials not covered elsewhere
-Electrical and electronic products
-Fabric, textile, and leather products not covered elsewhere
-Intercompany shipments
-Lubricants and greases
-Metal products not covered elsewhere
-Non-TSCA use
-Paints and coatings
-Personal care products
-Plastic and rubber products not covered elsewhere
Household Products of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE)
Household & Commercial/Institutional Products
Information on 55 consumer products that contain Magnesium carbonate in the following categories is provided:
-Home Maintenance
-Inside the Home
-Landscaping/Yard
-Personal Care
-Pesticides
-Pet Care
General Manufacturing Information
Industry Processing Sectors
-All other basic organic chemical manufacturing
-All other chemical product and preparation manufacturing
-Intercompany Shipments
-Petroleum lubricating oil and grease manufacturing
-Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing
-Plastic material and resin manufacturing
-Rubber product manufacturing
-Synthetic rubber manufacturing
-Transportation equipment manufacturing
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) occurs as light, white-colored friable masses or as a bulky, white-colored powder.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) has a slightly earthy taste and is odorless but, since E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) has a high absorptive ability, magnesium carbonate can absorb odors.
Functions of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE):
1. Acidity Regulator / Buffering Agent - Changes or maintains the acidity or basicity of food/cosmetics.
2. Anti-caking Agent - Prevents lumps from forming in food due to excess water. They usually function as a water repellent or by absorbing excess moisture.
3. Colorant - Pigments or dyes that are added in order to change or enhance the color.
The primary use of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is the production of magnesium oxide by calcining.
Magnesite and dolomite minerals are used in flooring, fireproofing, fire extinguishing compositions, cosmetics, dusting powder, and toothpaste. Other applications are as filler material, smoke suppressant in plastics, a reinforcing agent in neoprene rubber, a drying agent, a laxative to loosen the bowels, and color retention in foods.
In addition, high purity E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is used as an antacid and as an additive in table salt to keep it free-flowing.
As a food additive magnesium carbonate is known as E504, for which the only known side effect is that it may work as a laxative in high concentrations.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is approved to use as food additive in EU and generally recognized as safe food substance in US.
Applications of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE)
-Natural rubber
-Plastics
-Paper
-Synthetic rubber
-Chemical raw material
-Paints
-Animal feed
-Glass
-Fertilizer
-Inks
-Ceramics
-Agrichemicals
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is an additive placed in powdered or granulated materials.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) prevents the formation of lumps (caking) and helps in ease of flowability of food products like table salt, flour, spices and sugar.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE), also known as magnesite, is a common over the counter remedy for heartburn and upset stomach caused by overproduction of acid in the stomach.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is a mineral salt, anti-caking, adjusting, bleaching, modifying agent.
Medically used as an antacid and laxative.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is used in the treatment of heart attack patients, and promotes the health of arteries, bones, nerves and teeth,
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is used mainly as a buffer and anti-caking agent, but it is also used as an anti-bleaching agent.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) typical products include sugar, salt, other granular foods.
While E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) can cause diarrhoea when too much is ingested, E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is a valuable mineral that should not be avoided because of its potential to cause diarrhoea.
Characteristic of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE)
Food additive E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is a mass of white free and crumbling particles or a bulky white powder that has no characteristic odor.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) decomposes at a temperature of 400 C, is insoluble in water and ethanol.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is found in nature in some minerals, such as magnesite.
Use of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE)
The use of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) in the food industry is widespread.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is added to chocolate and cocoa products, to ripened cheese, to powdered milk and cream, to granulated sugar, to dextrose powder as an agent that prevents the formation of lumps and hardening.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is often added to canned fruits, jams, jam to thicken plant tissue.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is also often used in table salt to avoid lumps.
Apart from the food industry, the additive is used in cosmetics, in particular in face masks, due to its gentle astringent properties.
Weightlifters, bodybuilders, gymnasts and climbers use E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) powder to quickly dry their hands.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is also added to fire extinguishers, can be found in toothpastes, seals and insulations.
Impact on humans of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE)
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is non-toxic.
However, the addition of large amounts in foods can lead to depression, to various disorders of the heart.
In addition, the entry of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) into the respiratory system leads to irritation of the respiratory tract, as well as the digestive tract, gastric disorders and diarrhea are possible.
Often the food supplement is a cause of irritation of the mucous membranes and skin.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is a non-toxic mineral.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is an effective phosphate binder for chronic hemodialysis patients.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) prevents vascular calcification in these patients.
Many patients with heavily symptomatic Mitral valve prolapse syndrome have low serum magnesium, and supplementation of this ion by means of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) leads to improvement in most symptoms.
First aid measures of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE)
Eye Contact
If this product comes in contact with the eyes:
-Wash out immediately with fresh running water.
-Ensure complete irrigation of the eye by keeping eyelids apart and away from eye and moving the eyelids by occasionally lifting the upper and lower lids.
-Seek medical attention without delay; if pain persists or recurs seek medical attention.
-Removal of contact lenses after an eye injury should only be undertaken by skilled personnel.
Skin Contact
If skin or hair contact occurs:
-Flush skin and hair with running water (and soap if available).
-Seek medical attention in event of irritation.
Inhalation
-If dust is inhaled, remove from contaminated area.
-Encourage patient to blow nose to ensure clear passage of breathing.
-If irritation or discomfort persists seek medical attention.
Ingestion
-If swallowed do NOT induce vomiting.
-If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain open airway and prevent aspiration.
-Observe the patient carefully.
-Never give liquid to a person showing signs of being sleepy or with reduced awareness; i.e. becoming unconscious.
-Give water to rinse out mouth, then provide liquid slowly and as much as casualty can comfortably drink.
-Seek medical advice.
Substance identity
EC / List no.: 208-915-9
CAS no.: 546-93-0
Mol. formula: CH2O3.Mg
Hazard classification & labelling of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE)
According to the notifications provided by companies to ECHA in REACH registrations no hazards have been classified.
About E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE)
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Consumer Uses of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE)
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is used in the following products: lubricants and greases, cosmetics and personal care products, coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, finger paints and adsorbents.
Other release to the environment of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).
Article service life of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE)
Other release to the environment of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)), indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints), outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: vehicles and machinery, mechanical appliances and electrical/electronic products (e.g. computers, cameras, lamps, refrigerators, washing machines).
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) can be found in products with material based on: plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones), rubber (e.g. tyres, shoes, toys), paper (e.g. tissues, feminine hygiene products, nappies, books, magazines, wallpaper) and stone, plaster, cement, glass or ceramic (e.g. dishes, pots/pans, food storage containers, construction and isolation material).
Widespread uses by professional workers of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE)
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is used in the following products: lubricants and greases, metal working fluids, hydraulic fluids, coating products and fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is used in the following areas: building & construction work and health services.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is used for the manufacture of: mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement), furniture, wood and wood products, plastic products, electrical, electronic and optical equipment, machinery and vehicles, chemicals and rubber products.
Other release to the environment of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).
Formulation or re-packing of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE)
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is used in the following products: lubricants and greases, polymers, metal working fluids, cosmetics and personal care products, paper chemicals and dyes, hydraulic fluids and adhesives and sealants.
Release to the environment of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Uses at industrial sites of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE)
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is used in the following products: lubricants and greases, metal working fluids, hydraulic fluids, polymers, paper chemicals and dyes, coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and polishes and waxes.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, plastic products, pulp, paper and paper products, mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement), fabricated metal products, machinery and vehicles, furniture, food products and rubber products.
Release to the environment of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates) and of substances in closed systems with minimal release.
Manufacture of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE)
Release to the environment of E 504 (MAGNESIUM CARBONATE) can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
Synonyms:
MAGNESIUM CARBONATE
546-93-0
Magnesite
Carbonic acid, magnesium salt
13717-00-5
Carbonic acid, magnesium salt (1:1)
magnesium;carbonate
Magnesite dust
Magnesium carbonate anhydrous
Magnesium carbonate basic
Hydromagnesite
Magmaster
Magnesium carbonate (1:1)
7757-69-9
Carbonate magnesium
Magnesite (Mg(CO3))
UNII-0IHC698356
C.I. 77713
Stan-mag magnesium carbonate
Magnesium carbonate,light
Magnesium carbonate (MgCO3)
DCI light magnesium carbonate
Magnesium(II) carbonate (1:1)
CHEBI:31793
MFCD00064632
0IHC698356
Giobertite
Kimboshi
Apolda
Destab
Magfy
Magnesium Carbonate, Hydrated
Caswell No. 530
GP 20 (carbonate)
MA 70 (carbonate)
Gold Star (carbonate)
Magnesium carbonate [USAN]
Australian magnesite
HSDB 211
NSC-83511
EINECS 208-915-9
NSC 83511
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 073503
CI 77713
AI3-00768
Magnesiumkarbonat
EINECS 231-817-2
Carbonic acid, magnesium salt (1:?)
CMgO3
MgCO3
Magnesium Carbonate USP
Light magnesium carbonate
Magnesium (as carbonate)
Magnesium Carbonate Light
Ins no.504(i)
EC 208-915-9
Anhydrous magnesium carbonate
Ins-504(i)
Magnesium carbonate gold star
Magnesium carbonate, USP grade
CHEMBL1200736
DTXSID4049660
Magnesium Carbonate Microparticles
CS-B1764
E-504(i)
AKOS015903527
DB09481
E504
FT-0774766
Q407931
Cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, 3-methyl-2-oxo-, methyl ester
53678-75-4
Magnesium carbonate
magnesium carbonate
Magnesium(II) carbonate (1:1)
Carbonic acid, magnesium salt (1:1)
Carbonic acid, magnesium salt
Carbonic acid, magnesium salt (1:1)
carbonic acid; magnesium
Magnesite
magnesite
MAGNESIUM CARBONATE
Magnesium Carbonate
Magnesium carbonate
magnesium carbonate
Magnesium Carbonate
Magnesium carbonate
magnesium(2+) carbonate
MgCO3
tetramagnesium tetracarbonate
1784-39-0
1784-39-0
183480-27-5
183480-27-5
364320-47-8
364320-47-8
546-93-0
