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E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate enhances functional performance.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate appears as a white to off-white powder or fibrous material.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is best described as a chemically modified seaweed-derived hydrocolloid with enhanced acid stability, emulsifying ability, and thickening properties, widely used in food, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
CAS Number: 9005-37-2
Molecular Formula: (C9H14O70n
Synonyms: E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate, Hydroxypropyl alginate1,2-Propanediol ester of alginic acidPropylene glycol alginate, RefChem:868857, femanumber2941;kelcoloid;kelcoloidhvf;manucolestere/rep;propyleneglycolalginateester;1,2-Propanediol alginate, PROPYLENEGLYCOLALGINATE, HIGHVISCOSITY, PROPYLENEGLYCOLALGINATE, LOWVISCOSITY
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate also shows excellent performance in beverage stabilization systems, especially in acidic soft drinks and fruit-based drinks.
It helps keep pulp, flavors, and oils evenly distributed.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate can act as a cloud stabilizer, maintaining a consistent cloudy appearance in citrus and flavored beverages.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate prevents settling of suspended particles.
This improves visual quality.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate has good resistance to protein precipitation effects, making it useful in mixed systems containing both proteins and acids.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate helps maintain smooth texture in dairy-acid blends.
This improves formulation stability.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate demonstrates strong interfacial activity, meaning it helps stabilize the boundary between oil and water phases.
This reduces coalescence of droplets.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is used in flavored emulsions and concentrated flavor bases, where it helps maintain uniform dispersion of aromatic oils.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is dispersible in water and forms viscous solutions.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is odorless or has a very mild smell.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate provides thickening and stabilizing properties, increasing viscosity in aqueous systems.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate helps maintain uniform texture and prevents separation.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate has good emulsifying ability, helping stabilize oil-in-water systems.
It reduces surface tension between phases.
This improves emulsion stability.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate shows excellent stability in acidic conditions, unlike many other alginates.
This makes it suitable for acidic foods and beverages.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate expands its applications.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is heat-stable under normal food processing conditions, maintaining functionality during pasteurization.
This improves processing reliability.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate increases versatility.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is non-digestible dietary fiber, passing through the digestive system largely unchanged.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate contributes minimal calories.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate groups are esterified with propylene glycol, some are neutralized with an appropriate alkali, and some remain free.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is a modified alginic acid ester derived from brown seaweed (alginates) in which some carboxyl groups are esterified with propylene glycol (propane-1,2-diol).
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is used as a thickener, stabilizer, emulsifier, and foam stabilizer in food and technical applications.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is a modified hydrocolloid.
Chemically, E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate consists of alginic acid backbone (mannuronic and guluronic acid units) partially converted into propylene glycol esters, giving it both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties.
This modification improves acid stability and emulsifying ability.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is an emulsifier, stabilizer, and thickener used in food products.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is a food additive with E number E405.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is an ester of alginic acid, which is derived from kelp.
Boiling point: 886.32°C (rough estimate)
Density: 1.2096 (rough estimate)
refractive index: 1.7040 (estimate)
FEMA: 2941 | PROPYLENE GLYCOL ALGINATE
solubility: Soluble in dilute organic acids and water, forming stable, viscous, colloidal solutions at pH 3. Depending upon the degree of esterification, propylene glycol alginate is also soluble in aqueous ethanol/water mixtures containing up to 60% w/w of ethanol (95%)
pH: pH (1%, 25℃): 3.5–4.5
Odor: bland
Cosmetics Ingredients Functions: BINDING; VISCOSITY CONTROLLING
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate has good compatibility with other hydrocolloids, such as pectin, carrageenan, and guar gum.
These combinations allow tailored texture systems.
This increases functional flexibility.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is resistant to calcium-induced gel formation compared to regular alginates, due to its esterified structure.
This makes it more suitable for stable liquid systems rather than strong gels.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate defines its functional range.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate demonstrates good shear stability, meaning its viscosity remains relatively stable under mixing and processing.
This is important in industrial production.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate improves process reliability.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is often used in controlled viscosity systems, where a stable, pourable texture is needed rather than firm gel formation.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is common in beverages and sauces.
This improves usability.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate also provides emulsion stabilization over long storage periods, reducing separation in complex formulations.
This improves shelf life and product appearance.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate enhances consumer quality perception.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is a modified seaweed-derived hydrocolloid with enhanced acid stability, emulsifying ability, foam stabilization, and controlled thickening properties, widely used in food and industrial systems requiring stable acidic formulations.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate shows good freeze-thaw stability, helping maintain texture in frozen and thawed systems.
This reduces structural breakdown after temperature changes.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is often used in sprayable and pourable food systems, where controlled viscosity and flow behavior are required.
It ensures smooth application and pouring.
This improves usability.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate has low sensitivity to calcium compared to regular alginates, which prevents unwanted gel formation in liquid products.
This is important for stable beverages.
This improves processing control.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is also used in technical emulsions, such as coatings and industrial dispersions, where stable oil-water mixtures are required.
It helps maintain long-term stability.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is a highly functional modified alginate with strong acid stability, emulsifying ability, cloud stabilization, and controlled viscosity properties, widely used in food, beverage, cosmetic, and industrial formulations requiring stable liquid systems.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is practically odorless and tasteless.
The propylene glycol ester of alginic acid varies in composition according to its degree of esterification and the percentages of free and neutralized carboxyl groups in the molecule.
For a detailed description of this compound refer to Burdock (1997).
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate, extracted from brown seaweed, is reacted with propylene oxide to form propylene glycol alginate.
Various grades may be obtained that differ in composition according to the degree of esterification and the percentage of free and neutralized carboxyl groups present in the molecule; complete esterification of alginic acid is impractical.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is a stable material, although it will gradually become less soluble if stored at elevated temperatures for extended periods.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate solutions are most stable at pH 3–6. In alkaline solutions, propylene glycol alginate is rapidly saponified.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate are susceptible to microbial spoilage and should be sterilized or preserved with an antimicrobial preservative.
However, sterilization processes may adversely affect the viscosity of propylene glycol alginate solutions.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate also shows excellent stability in acidic beverages, which is one of its key advantages over regular alginates.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate remains functional in low pH environments like soft drinks and fruit juices.
This expands its usability in acidic foods.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate has strong emulsifying and stabilizing performance in oil-in-water systems, helping keep fat droplets evenly dispersed.
This prevents phase separation over time.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate improves product consistency.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate exhibits good foam stabilization properties, helping maintain stable foams in whipped or aerated products.
This is useful in certain dessert and beverage applications.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate improves texture and appearance.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate shows moderate viscosity development, meaning it thickens solutions effectively but not excessively.
This allows controlled texture adjustment.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate improves formulation precision.
Uses:
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is used in flavored emulsions and concentrates, where it stabilizes essential oils and aroma compounds.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate prevents separation during storage.
This improves flavor consistency.
In bakery and confectionery products, it may be used in fillings, glazes, and coatings.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate improves texture and moisture retention.
This enhances product stability.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is also used in pharmaceutical formulations, such as suspensions and liquid medicines.
It helps maintain uniform distribution of active ingredients.
This improves dosage consistency.
In cosmetics and personal care products, such as lotions and gels, it acts as a stabilizer and thickener.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate improves texture and prevents phase separation.
This enhances product performance.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is used wherever acid-stable thickening, emulsifying, cloud stabilization, and texture control are required in food, beverage, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and industrial applications.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate (E405) is also used in low-pulp and clear beverage systems, where it helps maintain a stable “cloud” without forming sediment.
It keeps fine particles evenly suspended.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is applied in flavored oil emulsions, such as citrus oils or essential oil-based drinks.
It stabilizes dispersed oil droplets in water.
This prevents separation during storage.
In whipped and aerated food products, it helps stabilize foam structure and maintain volume.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate slows collapse of air bubbles.
This improves texture and shelf life.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is used in instant beverage powders, where it helps ensure uniform dispersion when reconstituted in water.
It prevents clumping and uneven mixing.
This improves user convenience.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is applied in acidic dairy alternatives, such as plant-based yogurts and fermented drinks.
It stabilizes proteins and prevents curdling in low pH environments.
This improves product stability.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is used in ready-to-drink functional beverages, including vitamin drinks and fortified waters.
It helps maintain even distribution of nutrients and additives.
This improves product consistency.
In syrups and liquid concentrates, it controls viscosity and prevents ingredient separation during storage.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate ensures smooth pouring behavior.
This improves handling and usability.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is also used in industrial emulsions, such as flavor carriers and coating systems.
It helps stabilize oil-water mixtures over long periods.
This extends technical applications.
In some specialty food systems, it is used for controlled texture design, where precise viscosity and flow behavior are required.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate allows fine tuning of mouthfeel.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is used wherever acid-stable emulsification, cloud stabilization, controlled viscosity, and suspension of particles or oils are required in food, beverage, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and industrial applications.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is a gum that is the propylene glycol ester of alginic acid, which is obtained from kelp as compared to sodium alginates, it has reduced sensitivity to acid and calcium salts.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate functions in acidic systems.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate functions as a thickener, stabilizer, and emulsifier in beer, salad dressings, syrups, and fruit drinks.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is used as a stabilizing, suspending, gelling, and emulsifying agent in oral and topical pharmaceutical formulations.
Typically, a concentration of 0.3–5% w/v is used, although this may vary depending upon the specific application and the grade of propylene glycol alginate used.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is also used in cosmetics and food products.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is widely used in the food industry as a stabilizer, thickener, emulsifier, and clouding agent.
It helps maintain uniform texture and prevents separation in liquid systems.
This improves product stability.
In soft drinks and fruit beverages, it is used to stabilize pulp, oils, and flavor components.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate maintains a consistent cloudy appearance and prevents sedimentation.
This improves visual and sensory quality.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is applied in acidic beverages, such as citrus drinks and flavored waters, where it remains stable at low pH.
It prevents phase separation under acidic conditions.
This improves formulation reliability.
In dairy and dairy-like products, E405 is used in acidified milk drinks and flavored beverages.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate helps stabilize proteins and emulsions.
This improves texture and prevents curdling.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is used in sauces, dressings, and condiments, where it stabilizes emulsions and improves viscosity.
It keeps oil and water phases evenly mixed.
This enhances consistency.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is applied in ice cream and frozen desserts, where it helps improve stability and texture.
It reduces ice crystal formation and improves smoothness.
This enhances product quality.
Safety Profile:
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is generally considered a low-toxicity, regulated food additive, derived from modified seaweed alginate.
It is approved for use in food systems within strict limits.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginates safety profile is well established.
One of the main concerns is its behavior as a dietary fiber-like substance, since it is not fully digested.
At higher intake levels, it may cause mild gastrointestinal effects, such as bloating, gas, or loose stools.
These effects are dose-dependent.
Because it can increase viscosity in the gut, very high consumption without sufficient fluid may theoretically contribute to digestive discomfort, though this is rare in normal dietary use.
Adequate hydration reduces this risk.
Allergic reactions are very rare, but mild sensitivity to seaweed-derived products or hydrocolloids can occur in susceptible individuals.
Mddly toxic by ingestion.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate when heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is used in oral and topical pharmaceutical formulations, cosmetics, and food products.
E405 Propane-1,2-diol alginate is generally regarded as a nontoxic and nonirritant material, although excessive oral consumption may be harmful.
A study in five healthy male volunteers fed a daily intake of 175 mg/kg body-weight of propylene glycol alginate for 7 days, followed by a daily intake of 200 mg/kg body-weight of propylene glycol alginate for a further 16 days, showed no significant adverse effects.
