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E524 Sodium hydroxide is a white, odorless, nonvolatile alkaline material marketed in solid form as pellets, flakes, clumps, or sticks.
E524 Sodium hydroxides solubility in water is 111% by weight and a vapor pressure of 0mmHg.
E524 Sodium hydroxide can react with tricholoethylene (TCE) to form flammable dichloroacetylene and with metals to form hydrogen gas.
CAS Number: 1310-73-2
Molecular Formula: NaOH
Molecular Weight: 39.99711
EINECS Number: 215-185-5
Synonyms: SODIUM HYDROXIDE, 1310-73-2, caustic soda, sodium hydrate, Aetznatron, soda lye, white caustic, soda caustic, Natriumhydroxid, Rohrputz, Plung, Collo-Grillrein, Collo-Tapetta, sodium hydroxide NaOH, Fuers Rohr, Rohrreiniger Rofix, Hydroxyde de sodium, Natriumhydroxyde, soda hydrate, sodium hydroxide dimer, Natrium causticum, soda kaustische, Lewis red devil lye, Sodio(idrossido di), sodium hydroxide Na2(OH)2, Stamperprep, caustic soda liquid, sodium hydroxide NaOH, Tosoh pearl, Promoter 3308b, Natrii hydroxydum, NSC-135799, DTXSID0029634, INS-524, 55X04QC32I, E-524, CHEBI:32145, hydroxide sodium, RefChem:117, DTXCID609634, 215-185-5, Ascarite, Liquid-plumr, Ascarite II, NaOH, 81133-20-2, sodium hydroxide pellets, LYE, MFCD00003548, sodium hydroxide flake, sodium hydroxide solid, soda asbestos, sodium hydroxide NaOH, sodium hydroxide 0.1M solution, NaOH, Caswell No. 773, sodiumhydroxide, Natriumhydroxid German, Natriumhydroxyde Dutch, Natrium-hydroxid reinstes, UN1823 solid, Hydroxyde de sodium French, HSDB 229, Sodio(idrossido di) Italian, sodium hydroxide beads, EINECS 215-185-5, UN1823, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 075603, NSC135799, sodiumhydroxid, hydroxyl sodium, sodium hydoxide, sodium hydroxid, sodium hyroxide, soude caustique, UNII-55X04QC32I, hydroxide sodium, caustic soda dry, caustic soda bead, caustic soda flake, caustic soda solid, 1M sodium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide dry, sodium hydroxide beads, caustic soda granular, sodium hydroxide liquid, sodium hydroxide bead, sodium hydroxide 50%, sodium hydroxide flakes, sodium hydroxide pearl, sodium hydroxide pellets, 0.1M sodium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide flake, SCHEMBL119, sodium hydroxide granular, EC 215-185-5, sodium hydroxide solution 20%, SODIUM HYDROXIDE MI, SODIUM HYDROXIDE FCC, SODIUM HYDROXIDE JAN, SODIUM HYDROXIDE HSDB, sodium hydroxide solution dilute, sodium hydroxide solution strong, CHEMBL2105794, SODIUM HYDROXIDE VANDF, sodium hydroxide pellets USP NF, SODIUM HYDROXIDE MART, SODIUM HYDROXIDE WHO-DD, SODIUM HYDROXIDE WHO-IP, sodium hydroxide 10 wt% solution, sodium hydroxide ethanol solution 0.1M, sodium hydroxide pellets ACS reagent, AKOS015913904, DB11151, SODIUM HYDROXIDE EP MONOGRAPH, NATRII HYDROXYDUM WHO-IP LATIN, sodium hydroxide pellets biochemical grade, sodium hydroxide solution 30%, sodium hydroxide solution 10M, sodium hydroxide solid UN1823 corrosive, sodium hydroxide trace metals grade, sodium hydroxide volumetric solution 1M, USP sodium hydroxide 1N solution, SODIUM HYDROXIDE VOLUMETRIC SOLUTION 0,01 MOL/L;SODIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTION 4.0% IN WATER;LABCONCO LABSOLUTIONS LOW-FOAMING LIQUI&;SODIUM HYDROXIDE PELLETS 99.99% &;Sodium hydroxide, reagent grade, 97%, powder;SODIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTION FOR HPCE, 0.1 M NAOH;SODIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTION 8% 50 L;SODIUM HYDROXIDE, VOLUMETRIC STANDARD, 0 .2N SOLUTION IN WATER
E524 Sodium hydroxides reactivity with metals should be considered in regards to storage units and containers.
E524 Sodium hydroxide, also known as caustic soda or lye (NaOH), is a strong inorganic base that is widely used in industrial processing, chemical manufacturing, and pH regulation systems due to its extremely high alkalinity and strong reactivity with acids, fats, proteins, and many organic and inorganic substances.
It is one of the most important basic chemicals in global industry because it serves both as a raw material and a processing agent in countless production systems.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves chemical processing capability across many sectors.
E524 Sodium hydroxide consists of sodium ions (Na⁺) and hydroxide ions (OH⁻), and when dissolved in water it fully dissociates, producing a strongly alkaline solution with a very high pH that can rapidly neutralize acids and initiate saponification reactions with fats and oils.
This strong ionic dissociation is what makes it highly reactive and industrially valuable.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves its effectiveness in chemical reactions and pH control.
Physically, E524 Sodium hydroxide appears as a white solid in flakes, pellets, or granules, and it is highly soluble in water, releasing significant heat during dissolution due to its exothermic nature, which means it must always be handled carefully to avoid splashing or thermal burns.
It is also highly hygroscopic, meaning it absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide from air.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves its reactivity but requires strict storage control.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is used as a strong acidity regulator and processing agent, where it neutralizes acids and helps maintain or adjust pH in industrial systems, food processing environments (indirect use), and chemical manufacturing processes.
Its ability to rapidly shift pH makes it essential for controlled chemical reactions.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves process stability and chemical control.
E524 Sodium hydroxide plays a major role in saponification reactions, where it converts fats and oils into soap and glycerol, forming the chemical basis of soap production and many cleaning agents used globally.
This reaction is one of its most well-known industrial applications.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves cleaning product manufacturing.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is best described as a highly reactive, strongly alkaline industrial base used for pH control, chemical synthesis, soap production, and industrial processing due to its ability to rapidly neutralize acids and break down organic materials.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is commonly available as an aqueous solution known as caustic soda, soda lye, or simple as lye.
It has various uses, including neutralization of acid; the manufacture of paper, textiles, plastics, corrosives, dyestuffs, paint, paint remover, and soap; refining of petroleum; electroplating; metal cleaning; laundering; and dish washing.
A burgeoning use has been in the illegal manufacture of methamphetamine.
E524 Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye and caustic soda, is a highly caustic substance that is used used in small amounts in cosmetics to establish and hold the pH of a product.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is a extremely important compound in our lives because it has so many uses.
It is a very common base used in the chemical industry and is used for many things, many of which occur in our daily lives. One of the most well known uses of Sodium Hydroxide is its use in unclogging drains.
E524 Sodium hydroxide comes in many different brands of drain cleaners, but one of the most common is Drano.
E524 Sodium hydroxide also comes in the form of lye soap which can be used to wash practically anything, from the dishes to your face.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is the European food additive code for Sodium Hydroxide ((NaOH)).
Often called caustic soda or lye, E524 Sodium hydroxide acts as a strong, highly effective acidity regulator, pH-control agent, and curing agent in food processing.
E524 Sodium hydroxide, also known as caustic soda and, more generically, as lye,[1][2] is an inorganic compound with the formula NaOH.
It is a white solid ionic compound consisting of sodium cations Na+ and hydroxide anions OH−.
E524 Sodium hydroxide also plays a crucial role in industrial pH control systems, where its strong alkalinity allows it to precisely neutralize acidic streams in large-scale processes, and because this neutralization can be carefully metered using automated dosing systems, it is widely used in continuous production environments where maintaining a stable pH window is essential for reaction efficiency and product consistency.
This makes it one of the most important chemicals for process control in modern industry.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves operational stability and reaction precision.
In industrial degreasing and metal cleaning applications, sodium hydroxide is used because it can break down complex organic deposits such as fats, oils, and polymerized residues by converting them into water-soluble compounds, which allows metal surfaces, machinery, and equipment to be cleaned thoroughly even under heavy contamination conditions.
Melting point: 681 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 1390°C
Density: 1.515 g/mL at 20 °C
Vapor density: <1 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 1 mm Hg (745 °C)
Refractive index: 1.473–1.475
Flash point: 176–178°C
Storage temp.: room temp
Solubility: H2O: 1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
Form: beads
Specific Gravity: 2.13
Color: white
Odor: odorless
pH range: 13–14
pH: 10.98 (1 mM); 11.95 (10 mM); 12.88 (100 mM)
Water Solubility: soluble
Sensitive: air sensitive & hygroscopic
Decomposition: 176–178 ºC
λmax: λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.015; λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.01
Merck: 14,8627
Exposure limits: TLV-TWA air 2 mg/m3 (OSHA); ceiling 2 mg/m3 (ACGIH); 2 mg/m3/15 min (NIOSH)
Dielectric constant: 57.5 (25℃)
E524 Sodium hydroxide is a colorless crystalline solid that melts at 318 °C (604 °F) without decomposition and boils at 1,388 °C (2,530 °F).
E524 Sodium hydroxide is highly soluble in water, with a lower solubility in polar solvents such as ethanol and methanol.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is insoluble in ether and other non-polar solvents.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is used in many industries: in the making of wood pulp and paper, textiles, drinking water, soaps and detergents, and as a drain cleaner. Worldwide production in 2022 was approximately 83 million tons.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is also widely used in paper and pulp manufacturing, where it helps break down lignin in wood fibers during the Kraft process, allowing cellulose fibers to be separated and processed into paper products more efficiently.
This chemical action is essential for modern paper production systems.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves fiber extraction and paper quality.
In cleaning and sanitation industries, it is used in strong degreasers and industrial cleaners because it can break down fats, oils, and organic residues that are otherwise difficult to remove.
Its strong alkaline nature makes it extremely effective for heavy-duty cleaning applications.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves industrial hygiene and surface cleaning.
It is used in water treatment systems, where it helps adjust pH levels, neutralize acidic wastewater, and improve coagulation conditions in combination with other treatment chemicals.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is important for maintaining safe discharge conditions.
This improves environmental water management.
In chemical manufacturing, sodium hydroxide is a key raw material for producing a wide range of chemicals, including sodium salts, plastics, dyes, and pharmaceuticals, because it acts as a strong base in countless synthesis pathways.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is considered a cornerstone chemical of the industry.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves large-scale chemical production.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is used as a catalyst in transesterification reactions that convert vegetable oils or animal fats into biodiesel fuel and glycerol.
This reaction is essential for renewable fuel production systems.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves biofuel manufacturing efficiency.
In aluminum processing, E524 Sodium hydroxide is used to extract alumina from bauxite ore through the Bayer process, which is a critical step in producing metallic aluminum for industrial use.
This demonstrates its importance in metallurgy and mining industries.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves metal production efficiency.
In food industry indirect processing, it may be used for cleaning equipment or processing aids, but it is not consumed directly as an ingredient due to its corrosive nature.
All residues are strictly controlled and removed before final products are made.
E524 Sodium hydroxide ensures food safety compliance.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is essential for dissolving bauxite ore by selectively converting aluminum-containing minerals into soluble aluminate compounds, while leaving behind insoluble impurities such as iron oxides, which allows efficient separation and purification of raw materials before further refining into alumina.
This step is foundational to global aluminum manufacturing industries.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves metal extraction efficiency and resource processing.
In textile mercerization processes, sodium hydroxide is used to treat cotton fibers under controlled tension, which causes the fibers to swell, restructure, and develop a smoother surface with increased luster, strength, and dye affinity, making the final textile more durable and visually appealing.
This chemical modification permanently alters fiber structure in a beneficial way.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves fabric quality and dye performance.
E524 Sodium hydroxide acts as a strong base catalyst that accelerates the transesterification of triglycerides in vegetable oils or animal fats, converting them into fatty acid methyl esters (biodiesel) and glycerol, which are both valuable industrial products in renewable energy systems.
This reaction is widely used in sustainable fuel manufacturing.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves renewable energy conversion efficiency.
In food industry equipment cleaning systems, sodium hydroxide is used in Clean-in-Place (CIP) systems because it can remove protein, fat, and carbohydrate residues from pipelines, tanks, and processing equipment without dismantling the system, although it must always be fully rinsed afterward to ensure no residual caustic contamination remains.
This makes it highly effective for hygienic industrial food production environments.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves sanitation efficiency and food safety compliance.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is frequently used to drive reactions that require strong basic conditions, including hydrolysis, neutralization, and substitution reactions, making it a fundamental reagent in the production of pharmaceuticals, plastics, dyes, and specialty chemicals across many industries.
Its versatility makes it one of the most widely used inorganic bases in chemistry.
This improves reaction versatility and industrial synthesis capability.
E524 Sodium hydroxide can be used to absorb and neutralize acidic gases such as carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and certain acidic industrial emissions, helping reduce air pollution and control emissions in controlled industrial environments.
This is particularly important in chemical plants and waste treatment facilities.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves emission control and environmental protection.
In laboratory and analytical chemistry, sodium hydroxide is used as a standard titrant in acid-base titrations due to its predictable strong base behavior, although it must be carefully standardized because it absorbs carbon dioxide from air, which can slightly alter its concentration over time.
E524 Sodium hydroxide makes it essential in quantitative chemical analysis.
This improves analytical accuracy and experimental reliability.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is a fundamental industrial alkali used in pH control, chemical synthesis, metal processing, textile treatment, cleaning systems, biodiesel production, gas treatment, and laboratory analysis because of its extremely strong basicity, high reactivity, and ability to drive or regulate a wide range of chemical and industrial processes under controlled conditions, making it one of the most important base chemicals in modern manufacturing and chemical engineering.
Uses Of E524 Sodium hydroxide:
E524 Sodium hydroxide is one of the most useful industrial sodium compounds.
It is also known as lye or caustic soda and is one of the strongest base alkalis (high pH value) on the household market.
It is used as a drain and oven cleaner, and it saponifies fats in the manufacture of soap.
E524 Sodium hydroxide must be used with care because it is also capable of producing serious skin burns.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is used to adjust a product pH to make it more acceptable to the skin.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is commonly referred to as caustic soda, and often serves as a chemical reagent when making soap.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is mainly used as a strong base, pH regulator, and industrial processing chemical in manufacturing systems due to its ability to neutralize acids, break down organic materials, and drive a wide range of chemical reactions.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is sold commercially as anhydrous flakes or pellets or as 50% or 73% aqueous solutions.
It has countless industrial uses and is one of the top 10 chemical in terms of production and use on a global scale.
Approximately 15 million tons of sodium hydroxide is used annually.
Its largest use, consuming about half of its production, is as a base in producing other chemicals.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is used to control pH and neutralize acids in chemical processes.
The paper industry makes extensive use of sodium hydoxide in the pulping process.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is used to separate fibers by dissolving the connecting lignin.
It is used in a similar fashion in the production of rayon from cellulose.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is a key chemical in the soap industry.
In the saponification process, triglycerides obtained from animal and plants are heated in abasic solution to give glycerol and soap.
Sodium hydroxide is used in the textile industry for bleaching and treating textiles to makethem dye more readily.
The petroleum industry uses sodium hydroxide in drilling muds and asa bactericide.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is used extensively for cleaning and as a disinfectant.Common household bleach consists of about 5% sodium hypochlorite solution. Sodiumhypochlorite is prepared by reacting chlorine with sodium hydroxide: Cl2(g) + 2NaOH(aq) →NaOCl(aq) + NaCl(aq) + H2O(l).
E524 Sodium hydroxide is used in the food industry for cleaningand peeling fruits and vegetables.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is a minor ingredient in many commonhousehold products, but in a few it may constitute more than half of the product.
Dranocrystals contain between 30% and 60% sodium hydroxide and some drain cleaners can consistof 100% sodium hydroxide.
In soap and detergent production, it is used for saponification, where it converts fats and oils into soap and glycerol.
This reaction forms the basis of many cleaning products.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves cleaning product manufacturing.
In paper and pulp industry, E524 Sodium hydroxide is used to dissolve lignin and separate cellulose fibers from wood.
This is a key step in producing paper and cardboard.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves paper production efficiency.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is used to produce sodium salts, plastics, dyes, and various intermediates.
It serves as a fundamental base in many industrial reactions.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves chemical synthesis.
In water and wastewater treatment, E524 Sodium hydroxide is used to neutralize acidic water and adjust pH levels.
It helps maintain safe and stable treatment conditions.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves environmental water control.
In oil refining and biodiesel production, it acts as a catalyst in transesterification reactions that convert oils into fuel.
It enables efficient conversion of raw materials into biodiesel.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves renewable fuel production.
In cleaning and degreasing applications, it is used in industrial cleaners to remove oils, grease, and organic residues from equipment and surfaces.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is especially effective in heavy-duty industrial environments.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves sanitation and maintenance.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is mainly used as a strong alkali, pH regulator, and industrial processing chemical because it can rapidly neutralize acids, break down fats and organic materials, and drive a wide range of chemical reactions that are essential in manufacturing, cleaning, and chemical synthesis systems.
In soap and detergent production, it is used for saponification, where it reacts with fats and oils to form soap and glycerol, which is the fundamental chemical process behind many solid soaps and cleaning products.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves cleaning product manufacturing efficiency and consistency.
In paper and pulp industry, it is used to break down lignin in wood during the Kraft process so that cellulose fibers can be separated and processed into paper, cardboard, and packaging materials.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves fiber extraction and paper production efficiency.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is used to neutralize acidic water and adjust pH levels to maintain safe and stable conditions for biological and chemical treatment steps.
This improves environmental water management and process stability.
In chemical manufacturing, E524 Sodium hydroxide is used as a key raw material for producing sodium salts, dyes, plastics, pharmaceuticals, and many intermediate chemicals through acid-base and hydrolysis reactions.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves large-scale chemical synthesis and industrial production.
In oil refining and biodiesel production, it acts as a catalyst in transesterification reactions that convert oils and fats into biodiesel fuel and glycerol, supporting renewable energy production.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves biofuel manufacturing efficiency and sustainability.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is used in the Bayer process to dissolve bauxite ore and extract alumina, which is then refined into metallic aluminum used in construction, transportation, and packaging industries.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves metal production and resource processing efficiency.
In cleaning and degreasing applications, E524 Sodium hydroxide is used in industrial cleaners and Clean-in-Place (CIP) systems to remove grease, protein residues, and organic buildup from machinery, tanks, and pipelines.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves industrial hygiene and equipment maintenance.
In textile processing, it is used in mercerization of cotton, where it strengthens fibers, increases luster, and improves dye absorption properties.
E524 Sodium hydroxide improves fabric quality and dye performance.
In gas and emission treatment systems, it is used to neutralize acidic gases such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide in controlled industrial environments.
This improves air pollution control and emission reduction.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is used as a standard strong base for titrations and chemical reactions that require precise alkaline conditions.
This improves analytical accuracy and experimental control.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is used across soap production, paper manufacturing, water treatment, chemical synthesis, biodiesel production, aluminum extraction, cleaning systems, textile processing, gas treatment, and laboratory work, mainly because of its extremely strong alkalinity and ability to rapidly drive acid-base and decomposition reactions in a controlled industrial setting.
Safety Profile Of E524 Sodium hydroxide:
E524 Sodium hydroxide is considered a highly hazardous and strongly corrosive chemical, and it can cause severe damage to living tissues, metals, and many organic materials due to its extreme alkalinity and rapid chemical reactivity.
It is classified as a dangerous substance and must be handled with strict safety precautions at all times.
E524 Sodium hydroxide requires controlled industrial handling and protective equipment.
The most serious hazard is severe chemical burns to skin and eyes, where even small amounts can rapidly destroy tissue through a process called liquefactive corrosion, leading to deep injuries that may result in permanent damage or blindness.
Eye exposure is especially dangerous and requires immediate emergency treatment.
E524 Sodium hydroxide makes direct contact extremely hazardous.
Inhalation of dust or aerosols can cause severe respiratory irritation and damage, including coughing, throat burning, difficulty breathing, and potential lung injury if exposure is significant or prolonged.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is a major occupational risk in industrial environments.
E524 Sodium hydroxide requires proper ventilation and respiratory protection.
Ingestion is extremely dangerous and can cause severe burns to the mouth, throat, and digestive tract, potentially leading to internal bleeding, shock, and life-threatening complications even at relatively small quantities.
Immediate medical intervention is required in all ingestion cases.
E524 Sodium hydroxide makes accidental exposure highly critical.
E524 Sodium hydroxide also reacts violently with water and acids, releasing significant heat during neutralization reactions that can cause splattering and secondary thermal burns if not handled correctly.
This exothermic reaction is a major safety concern in chemical handling.
E524 Sodium hydroxide is not considered a long-term carcinogenic chemical, but its acute corrosive effects make it one of the most dangerous commonly used industrial chemicals, meaning exposure risks are primarily immediate and physical rather than chronic toxicological effects.
