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EC / List no.: 203-448-7
CAS no.: 106-97-8
Mol. formula: C4H10
General Description
E943a (Butane) is a colorless gas with a faint petroleum-like odor.
For transportation E943a (Butane) may be stenched.
E943a (Butane) is shipped as a liquefied gas under its vapor pressure.
Contact with the liquid can cause frostbite.
E943a (Butane) is easily ignited.
E943a (Butane) vapors are heavier than air.
Any leak can be either liquid or vapor.
Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket.
E943a (Butane) is used as a fuel, an aerosol propellant, in cigarette lighters, and to make other chemicals.
N-E943a (Butane) or E943a (Butane) is an alkane with the formula C4H10.
E943a (Butane) is a gas at room temperature and atmospheric pressure.
E943a (Butane) is a highly flammable, colorless, easily liquefied gas that quickly vaporizes at room temperature.
The name E943a (Butane) comes from the root but- (from butyric acid, named after the Greek word for butter) and the suffix -ane.
E943a (Butane) was discovered by the chemist Dr. Walter Snelling in 1912.
E943a (Butane) was found dissolved in crude petroleum in 1864 by Edmund Ronalds, who was the first to describe its properties.
E943a (Butane) is one of a group of liquefied petroleum gases (LP gases).
The others include propane, propylene, butadiene, butylene, isobutylene, and mixtures thereof.
E943a (Butane) has a higher energy density and burns more cleanly than gasoline and coal.
E943a (Butane) is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 000 to < 10 000 000 tonnes per annum.
E943a (Butane) is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
E943a (Butane) [C4H10] is a colorless gas with a faint petroleum-like odor.
The main sources of E943a (Butane) are the refinery of crude oil and the processing of natural gas.
E943a (Butane) is commonly blended into motor vehicle gasoline to increase the fuel’s volatility and to make engine starting easier.
E943a (Butane) contains mixtures of methane, ethane, propane, isobutane, and E943a (Butane) and is a colourless aliphatic hydrocarbon gas with a gasoline-like odour.
E943a (Butane) is a component of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and as such is used in a wide variety of fuel applications for both recreational and leisure use, including heating and air conditioning, refrigeration, cooking, and lighters.
E943a (Butane) is commonly used alone or in mixtures as a propellant in aerosol consumer products, such as hairsprays, deodorants and antiperspirants, shaving creams, edible oil and dairy products, cleaners, pesticides, and coatings (e.g. automobile or household spray paint).
E943a (Butane) is used as a chemical intermediate in the production of maleic anhydride, ethylene, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), synthetic rubber, and acetic acid and its by-products.
E943a (Butane) is a simple asphyxiant with explosive and flammable potential.
E943a (Butane) is also a widely used substance of abuse.
The main target organs are in the CNS and cardiovascular system.
Improper use and handling cause poisoning.
Exposure to high levels of E943a (Butane) vapors can result in asphyxia.
USES
Normal E943a (Butane) can be used for gasoline blending, as a fuel gas, fragrance extraction solvent, either alone or in a mixture with propane, and as a feedstock for the manufacture of ethylene and butadiene, a key ingredient of synthetic rubber.
Isobutane is primarily used by refineries to enhance (increase) the octane number of motor gasoline.
For gasoline blending, E943a (Butane) is the main component used to manipulate the Reid vapor pressure (RVP).
Since winter fuels require much higher vapor pressure for engines to start, refineries raise the RVP by blending more E943a (Butane) into the fuel.
E943a (Butane) has a relatively high research octane number (RON) and motor octane number (MON), which are 93 and 92 respectively.
When blended with propane and other hydrocarbons, the mixture may be referred to commercially as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
E943a (Butane) is used as a petrol component, as a feedstock for the production of base petrochemicals in steam cracking, as fuel for cigarette lighters and as a propellant in aerosol sprays such as deodorants.
Pure forms of E943a (Butane), especially Isobutane, are used as refrigerants and have largely replaced the ozone-layer-depleting halomethanes in refrigerators, freezers, and air conditioning systems.
The operating pressure for E943a (Butane) is lower than for the halomethanes such as Freon-12 (R-12), so R-12 systems such as those in automotive air conditioning systems, when converted to pure E943a (Butane), will function poorly.
A mixture of Isobutane and propane is used instead to give cooling system performance comparable to use of R-12.
E943a (Butane) is also used as lighter fuel for a common lighter or E943a (Butane) torch and is sold bottled as a fuel for cooking, barbecues and camping stoves.
The global market for E943a (Butane) canisters is dominated by South Korean manufacturers.
In the 20th century the Braun (company) of Germany made a cordless hair styling device product that used E943a (Butane) as its heat source to produce steam.
As fuel, E943a (Butane) is often mixed with small amounts of mercaptans to give the unburned gas an offensive smell easily detected by the human nose.
In this way, E943a (Butane) leaks can easily be identified.
While hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans are toxic, they are present in levels so low that suffocation and fire hazard by the E943a (Butane) becomes a concern far before toxicity.
Most commercially available E943a (Butane) also contains some contaminant oil, which can be removed by filtration and will otherwise leave a deposit at the point of ignition and may eventually block the uniform flow of gas.
The E943a (Butane) used as a solvent for fragrance extraction does not contain these contaminants and E943a (Butane) gas can cause gas explosions in poorly ventilated areas if leaks go unnoticed and are ignited by spark or flame.
Purified E943a (Butane) is used as a solvent in the industrial extraction of cannabis oils.
E943a (Butane) is used in the following products: anti-freeze products, adhesives and sealants, fuels, polishes and waxes, air care products, washing & cleaning products, cosmetics and personal care products and adsorbents.
Other release to the environment of E943a (Butane) is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters), outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids) and outdoor use.
E943a (Butane) is used in the following products: fuels.
E943a (Butane) has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
E943a (Butane) is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
E943a (Butane) is used for the manufacture of: and chemicals.
Release to the environment of E943a (Butane) can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, of substances in closed systems with minimal release, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), in the production of articles, as processing aid, manufacturing of the substance, for thermoplastic manufacture and as processing aid.
E943a (Butane) can be used in the production of ethylene and 1,3-butadiene.
E943a (Butane) can also be used as a chemical feedstock for special chemicals in the solvent, rubber, and plastics industries, in the blending of gasoline or motor fuel, as a constituent in liquefied petroleum gas [LPG], and as an extraction solvent in deasphalting processes.
E943a (Butane) can be used for the manufacture of ethylene and butadiene, a key ingredient of synthetic rubber.
E943a (Butane) [R600] is a kind of ozone depletion neutral refrigerant, being a potential refrigerant for household appliances.
E943a (Butane) has a slightly higher Ranking COP level compared to Isobutane and a much higher COP than R134a of which the latter is still used in household appliances around the world.
Widespread uses by professional workers
E943a (Butane) is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products.
E943a (Butane) is used for the manufacture of: .
Release to the environment of E943a (Butane) can occur from industrial use: of substances in closed systems with minimal release and in the production of articles.
Other release to the environment of E943a (Butane) is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).
Chemical Properties
The main sources of E943a (Butane) are crude oil refi ning and natural gas processing.
E943a (Butane) is usually blended into motor vehicle gasoline to increase the fuel’s volatility and to make engine starting easier.
E943a (Butane) contains mixtures of methane, ethane, propane, iso-E943a (Butane), and n-E943a (Butane) and is a colorless aliphatic hydrocarbon gas with a gasoline-like odor.
E943a (Butane) is a component of liquefi ed petroleum gas (LPG) and as such is used in a wide variety of fuel applications for both recreational and leisure use, including heating and air-conditioning, refrigeration, cooking, and in lighters.
E943a (Butane) is commonly used alone or in mixtures as a propellant in aerosol consumer products, such as hair sprays, deodorants and antiperspirants, shaving creams, edible oil and dairy products, cleaners, pesticides and coatings (e.g., automobile or household spray paint).
E943a (Butane) is used as a chemical intermediate in the production of maleic anhydride, ethylene, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), synthetic rubber, and acetic acid and its by-products.
E943a (Butane) is a simple asphyxiant with explosive and flammable potential.
E943a (Butane) is also widely used as a substance of abuse.
The main target organs are in the central nervous and cardio vascular systems.
E943a (Butane) is found in aerosols, lighter fuel and refi lls, small blow torches, and camping stoves.
Pure grades of E943a (Butane) are used in calibrating instruments and as a food additive.
E943a (Butane) is widely available.
Misuse and adulteration of E943a (Butane) is a common com mercial practice.
E943a (Butane) Chemical Properties
Melting point : −138 °C(lit.)
Boiling point : −0.5 °C(lit.)
density : 0.579 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
vapor density : 2.11 (vs air)
vapor pressure :3.21, 1.26, and 0.66 mM at 4, 25, and 50 °C, respectively (Kresheck et al., 1965)
refractive index : 1.3326
Fp : 45
form : gas
Odor Threshold: 1200ppm
Water Solubility : 73.24mg/L(25 ºC)
Merck : 1515
BRN : 969129
Henry's Law Constant: 0.356 at 5 °C, 0.454 at 10 °C, 0.568 at 15 °C, 0.695 at 20 °C, 0.835 at 25 °C (Ben-Naim et al., 1973)
Exposure limits : TLV-TWA 800 ppm (～1920 mg/m3) (ACGIH), 500 ppm (1200 mg/m3) (MSHA).
Stability: Stable. Extremely flammable.
Readily forms explosive mixtures with air.
Note low flash point.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong alkalies.
CAS DataBase Reference: 106-97-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: E943a (Butane) (106-97-8)
Synonyms
n-E943a (Butane)
Diethyl
Methylethylmethane
R 600 (alkane)
HC 600 (hydrocarbon)
E943a (Butane)n
Butani
HC 600
UNII-6LV4FOR43R
R 600
E943a (Butane) [NF]
6LV4FOR43R
E943a
n-C4H10
E943a (Butane) phase II
CHEBI:37808
E943a (Butane) (NF)
butan
Butyl hydride
E943a (Butane), pure
E943a (Butane)n [Dutch]
Butani [Italian]
E943a (Butane) (D10)
E943a (Butane) (1-D1)
E943a (Butane) (2-D1)
A 21 (lowing agent)
CCRIS 2279
HSDB 944
Hydrocarbons, C1-4
Hydrocarbons, C4-5
EINECS 203-448-7
UN1011
n-Butan
1,2-dimethyethane
1,2-dimethylethane
1,2-dimethyl-ethane
E943a (Butane), 99%
Freon 600
E943a (Butane) or E943a (Butane) mixtures
n-E943a (Butane);Methylethylmethane
EC 203-448-7
CHEMBL134702
H-C4H9
INS NO.943
DTXSID7024665
E 943a
E-943a
INS-943
BCP32076
ZINC8214510
E943a (Butane) 2000 microg/mL in Methanol
MFCD00009424
AKOS015917446
AKOS032949915
ZINC256080833
ZINC306122401
UN 1011
68476-42-6
68514-31-8
B0677
E-943
FT-0770500
R-600
C21390
D03186
Q134192
E943a (Butane) or E943a (Butane) mixtures [UN1011] [Flammable gas]
E943a (Butane), fuel for Micro Torch, contains no CFC gases
UNII-5K616HU99V component IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
06005800-A997-4214-BF1C-5063E9E46167
ALKANE C4
E943a (Butane)
E943a (Butane)S
N-E943a (Butane)
Q GAS
QUENCH GAS
A-17
Bu-Gas
E943a (Butane)(liquefiedgas)
E943a (Butane)(non-specificname)
E943a (Butane)n
Butani
butylhydride
Freon 600
hydrocarbonpropellanta-17
liquifiedpetroleumgas
Methylethylmethane
n-C4H10
pyrofax
r600
