ENSULIZOLE

Ensulizole is a white to pale beige powder. Potassium phenylbenzimidazole sulfonate, sodium phenylbenzimidazole sulfonate and triethanolamine (TEA)-phenylbenzimidazole sulfonate are salts of ensulizole. 
Ensulizole is also used as an active ingredient in over-the-counter (OTC) sunscreens products.
Ensulizole, also known as 2-Phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid, is an organic compound commonly used as an active ingredient in sunscreen formulations. 

CAS Number: 27503-81-7
Molecular Formula: C13H10N2O3S
Molecular Weight: 274.3
EINECS Number: 248-502-0

Synonyms: Ensulizole, 27503-81-7, 2-PHENYLBENZIMIDAZOLE-5-SULFONIC ACID, Phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid, 2-Phenyl-5-benzimidazolesulfonic acid, 2-Phenyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-5-sulfonic acid, 1H-Benzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid, 2-phenyl-, 2-phenyl-3H-benzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid, ensulizol, PARSOL HS, 1H-Benzimidazole-6-sulfonic acid, 2-phenyl-, 2-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid, 9YQ9DI1W42, DTXSID3038852, 2-Phenyl-1H-benzimidazole-5-sulphonic acid, DTXCID1018852, NCGC00166262-01, 1H-Benzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid-2-phenyl-, 2-phenyl-1H-1,3-benzodiazole-6-sulfonic acid, ENSULIZOLE (MART.), ENSULIZOLE [MART.], ENSULIZOLE (USP-RS), ENSULIZOLE [USP-RS], 2-Phenyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-6-sulfonic acid, ENSULIZOLE (USP MONOGRAPH), ENSULIZOLE [USP MONOGRAPH], Ensulizole [INN], CAS-27503-81-7, phenylbenzimidazolesulfonic acid, MFCD00053007, ensulizolum, novantisol, UNII-9YQ9DI1W42, Ensulizole [USAN:USP:INN], EINECS 248-502-0, 2-Phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonicacid, PBSA, Ensulizole (Standard), ENSULIZOLE [MI], Ensulizole (USP/INN), ENSULIZOLE [USAN], EC 248-502-0, ENSULIZOLE [WHO-DD], SCHEMBL16277, phenylbenzimidazole-sulfonic-acid, CHEMBL1987518, MSK3421, CHEBI:135132, BDBM181124, BCP17614, Tox21_112381, Tox21_200995, BBL028055, s4419, STK034479, 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulphonic acid, AKOS005381771, AKOS006029164, Tox21_112381_1, US9138393, 2-Phenyl benzimidazole, US9144538, 2-Phenyl benzimidazole, AT10303, CCG-245160, DB11115, FP31569, HY-109654R, 2-phenylbenz-imidazole-5-sulphonic acid, NCGC00166262-02, NCGC00166262-03, NCGC00258548-01, AC-11988, AS-12559, DB-021496, HY-109654, 2-phenyl-3H-benzimidazol-1-ium-5-sulfonate, 2-Phenyl-5-benzimidazolesulfonic acid, 96%, CS-0033783, NS00010386, P1670, EN300-24969, D10005, H11816, SBI-0653899.0001, AB00090049-01, Covergirl Outlast Stay Fabulous 3in1 Foundation, AG-690/08752050, AN-512/13208053, SR-01000883690, Q7181424, SR-01000883690-1, 2-PHENYLBENZIMIDAZOLE-5-SULFONIC ACID [VANDF], BRD-K02729857-001-01-9, 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Covergirl Queen Collection All Day Flawless 3in1 FoundationBroad Spectrum SPF 20-Q810 Classic Bronze, Covergirl Queen Collection All Day Flawless 3in1 FoundationBroad Spectrum SPF 20-Q815 Brulee, Covergirl Queen Collection All Day Flawless 3in1 FoundationBroad Spectrum SPF 20-Q820 Toffee, Covergirl Queen Collection All Day Flawless 3in1 FoundationBroad Spectrum SPF 20-Q825 Golden Honey, Covergirl Queen Collection All Day Flawless 3in1 FoundationBroad Spectrum SPF 20-Q830 Soft Copper, Covergirl Queen Collection All Day Flawless 3in1 FoundationBroad Spectrum SPF 20-Q835 Mocha, Covergirl Queen Collection All Day Flawless 3in1 FoundationBroad Spectrum SPF 20-Q840 Almond Glow, Covergirl Queen Collection All Day Flawless 3in1 FoundationBroad Spectrum SPF 20-Q845 Warm Caramel, Covergirl Queen Collection All Day Flawless 3in1 FoundationBroad Spectrum SPF 20-Q850 Sheer Espresso, Covergirl Queen Collection All Day Flawless 3in1 FoundationBroad Spectrum SPF 20-Q855 Spicy Brown, Covergirl Queen 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Ensulizole is a common sunscreen agent. 
In 1999, the United States Food and Drug Administration regulated that the name ensulizole be used on sunscreen labels in the United States. 
Ensulizole is primarily a UVB protecting agent providing only minimal UVA protection. 

The scope of UVB is 290 to 340 nanometers whereas the UVA range is 320 to 400 nanometers.
For better UVA protection, it must be paired with avobenzone, titanium dioxide, or zinc oxide; outside of the United States it can also be paired with a UV absorber of the Tinosorb or Mexoryl types. 
Because ensulizole is water-soluble, it has the characteristic of feeling lighter on skin. 

As such, it is often used in sunscreen lotions or moisturizers whose aesthetic goal is a non-greasy finish.
The free acid is poorly soluble in water, so it is only used as its soluble salts.
It functions as a UVB filter, absorbing ultraviolet (UV) radiation in the 290–320 nm range and helping to prevent sunburn and skin damage caused by sun exposure. 

Unlike some other sunscreen agents, Ensulizole is water-soluble, making it suitable for lightweight and non-greasy sunscreen formulations, including those used in daily skincare and cosmetic products.
It is often combined with other UV filters, such as avobenzone or titanium dioxide, to provide broad-spectrum protection against both UVA and UVB rays. 
Ensulizole is frequently found in lotions, creams, foundations, and other cosmetic products that include sun protection. 

Its chemical properties allow for a clear application, making it popular in formulations that avoid the white cast often associated with mineral sunscreens.
Ensulizole has been reported as a UV filter and its removal from aerobically treated gray water by ozonation and adsorption onto activated carbon has been reported. 
It is a xenobiotic compound detected in gray water from houses and effluents of the biological treatment systems (aerobic, anaerobic, and combined anaerobic+aerobic).

Approved for use in many countries, Ensulizole is regulated by agencies such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Commission for safe use in cosmetics. 
However, like all sunscreen ingredients, it must be used within concentration limits set by regulatory bodies to ensure skin safety and effectiveness.
A chemical sunscreen agent that gives strong protection in the UVB (280-320nm) range with its peak protection at 306 nm. 

Its special property is that unlike most sunscreen agents, it is not oil but water soluble, so it is ideal to create light, oily skin compatible formulas.  
Ensulizole is also fairly photostable and can be used to protect other less stable UV filters (like famous UVA blocker, avobenzone) in the formula. 
It is approved worldwide and can be used up to 4% in the US and up to 8% in the EU.

Ensulizole is often used as a common active ingredient in all sunscreen products. 
Back in the year 1999, the Food and Drug Administration, in the United States, made it mandatory for all manufacturers of cosmetic products to use the name Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid on their product labels, if used as an active ingredients. 
Ensulizole is also known as Ensulizole.

It is very effective when it comes to protecting the skin from the harmful effects of the sun’s UVB rays. 
In case of UVA protection, it should be kept in mind that the compound does not function efficiently as a shield.

To make sure that Ensulizole has the capability to protect an individual from both the UVA and UVB rays of the sun, it needs to be paired with titanium dioxide, avobenzone or a similar compound like zinc oxide.
If one takes a closer look, outside of the United States, manufacturers often pair Ensulizole with compounds like Mexoryl or Tinosorb for better results. 
Ensulizole is soluble in water which means that cosmetic products that have the compound as an active ingredient feel light on the skin, post application. 

When used in the manufacturing of lotions, sunscreens and moisturizers, it is often seen that patrons prefer products containing Ensulizole due to its non-greasy and light finish.
It should be kept in mind that there are limited studies in the area of Research & Development that shed some light on the overall efficacy of Ensulizole as an active ingredient for cosmetics. Selective, independent studies carried out by researchers have revealed time and again that when exposed to direct sunlight, Ensulizole does not degrade readily. 

In short, it is one of the best protective compounds for human skin against UV radiation.
Pharmaceutical secondary standards for application in quality control, provide pharma laboratories and manufacturers with a convenient and cost-effective alternative to the preparation of in-house working standards.
Ensulizole is a white crystalline powder. 

Ensulizole is ideal for use in a number of cosmetic applications, including sunscreens, baby sun care, daily skin care, broad spectrum UV-B filter, and decorative cosmetics with sun protection.
Ensulizole is a water-soluble sunscreen, a sulfonated UV absorber characterized by strong absorption of UVB and partial absorption of UVA. 
Ensulizole can damage DNA by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) when exposed to ultraviolet or sunlight.

Ensulizole, scientifically known as 2-Phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid, is an organic UV filter that is widely used in sunscreens and other cosmetic formulations to protect the skin from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. 
It is classified as a water-soluble sunscreen agent, making it distinct from many other UV filters, which tend to be oil-soluble. 
This property allows Ensulizole to be incorporated into lightweight, non-greasy, and water-based sunscreen formulations, making it a preferred choice for facial sunscreens, moisturizers with SPF, and cosmetic products such as foundations and primers.

Ensulizole is primarily a UVB filter, meaning it absorbs and dissipates radiation in the 290–320 nm wavelength range, which is responsible for sunburn and direct DNA damage.
While it does offer some UVA protection, it is not sufficient on its own, which is why it is often combined with other UVA filters such as avobenzone, zinc oxide, or titanium dioxide to provide broad-spectrum sun protection. 
When exposed to UV light, Ensulizole absorbs the radiation and converts it into less harmful heat energy, thereby preventing the radiation from penetrating the skin and causing damage such as premature aging, hyperpigmentation, or an increased risk of skin cancer.

Melting point: >300 °C (lit.)  
Density: 1.3592 (rough estimate)  
Refractive index: 1.6360 (estimate)  
Storage temp.: 2-8°C  
Solubility: ethanol and water: soluble (as sodium salt)  
Form: Fine Crystalline Powder  
pKa: -0.87±0.40 (Predicted)  
Color: White  
Water Solubility: soluble  
Merck: 14,3593  
BRN: 922664  
Stability: Hygroscopic  
InChIKey: UVCJGUGAGLDPAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N  
LogP: -1.42 at 25℃  

Ensulizole strongly absorbs UV-B wavelengths. 
Ensulizole offers protection against UV-B-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers 1. 
Based on the findings in vitro and in cellulo, ensulizole induces damage on the DNA, causes DNA strand breaks and photosensitizes the formation of oxidized guanines via type I and II photosensitization mechanisms following UV-A or UV-B irradiation 1. 

Ensulizole is capable of generating reactive oxygen species, including singlet oxygen upon photoexcitation 1.
Ensulizole has been approved for use in sunscreens by major regulatory agencies such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the European Commission, and the Japanese Ministry of Health. 
However, as with all UV filters, its concentration in formulations is regulated to ensure safe and effective sun protection. 

The maximum allowed concentration varies by region, with the FDA allowing up to 4% in sunscreen products.
While Ensulizole is generally considered safe for topical application, some concerns have been raised about potential skin sensitivity and photostability. 
Because Ensulizole can degrade when exposed to sunlight over extended periods, it is usually formulated with stabilizers or antioxidants to enhance its longevity and effectiveness. 

For people with sensitive skin, Ensulizole may sometimes cause mild irritation or allergic reactions, but these cases are relatively rare.
Ensulizole, also known as 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid, is a water-soluble sunscreen agent that absorbs strongly at UV-B wavelengths. 
Ensulizole is commonly found in cosmetic products and sunscreen formulas in combination with other UV filter compounds due to its minimal protection against UV-A wavelengths. 

Due to its water solubility, ensulizole is commonly used in products formulated to feel light and less oily 2. 
Ensulizole was demonstrated by studies that ensulizole treatment provided protection against cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and photosensitized the formation of oxidized guanine bases after UV-A or UV-B exposure 1. 
According to the FDA, the maximal approved concentration of ensulizole is 148 mM although concentrations ranging between 74 and 148mM can be found in commercial sunscreen products 1.

Ensulizole is a widely used, water-soluble UVB filter that provides effective sun protection while allowing for lightweight and cosmetically elegant formulations. 
Ensulizole is commonly used in facial sunscreens, skincare, and makeup products due to its non-greasy texture and ability to blend well with other UV filters. 
While generally considered safe and effective, it is often formulated with other ingredients to improve stability and broad-spectrum protection.

Ensulizole is a selective UV-B filter with little activity against UV-A wavelengths. 
In vitro, ensulizole oxidizes guanine bases upon photoexcitation by UV-B and may cause photodamage on DNA, proteins and lipids in the cellular context 1.
Ensulizole, also known as phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid, is a chemical substance that is used in sunscreen products. 

Ensulizole is able to absorb the full spectrum of UVB rays but provides little protection against UVA rays. 
Ensulizole is usually formulated with other sunscreen agents, particularly UVA chemical absorbers such as avobenzone, ecamsule and bemotrizinol. 
It is also often paired with the metal oxides, titanium dioxide and zinc oxide to achieve a sunscreen product with coverage against both UVA and UVB rays.

One of the main reasons Ensulizole is favored in cosmetic formulations is its ability to create sunscreens that have a lightweight texture, which makes it ideal for daily-wear sunscreens and facial products. 
Unlike some mineral-based filters such as zinc oxide or titanium dioxide, Ensulizole does not leave a white cast, making it more suitable for all skin tones.
Additionally, because Ensulizole is water-soluble, it can be easily incorporated into hydrating and fast-absorbing formulas, which are particularly beneficial for people with oily or acne-prone skin who prefer sunscreens that do not feel heavy or greasy.

Uses:
Ensulizole is one of 21 FDA-approved sunscreen chemicals for uVB absorption. 
It has an approved usage level of up to 4 percent in the united States and up to 8 percent in the european union. When combined with a proper base, it becomes a water-soluble sunscreen. 
Ensulizole exhibits a very effective use level versus SPF relationship when compared to other sunscreen chemicals. 

In addition, when combined with other uVB absorbers, it seems to significantly boost SPF. 
Ensulizole can also help protect a product from deterioration when exposed to uV light. Also considered excellent for use in clear sunscreen gels.
Ensulizole is a water-soluble UVB absorber that can be utilized in the water phase of emulsion systems, in contrast to most oil-soluble sunscreen ingredients, allowing for a less greasy, more aesthetically pleasing formulation such as a daily use moisturizer containing sunscreen. 

Ensulizole boosts the SPF of organic and inorganic sunscreens. 
It can also be used in clear gels owing to its water solubility.
Ensulizole is one of the chemical names for phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid. 

Ensulizole is used as a sunscreen ingredient and also to protect a product from deterioration caused by uV light.
Ensulizole may be used as a pharmaceutical reference standard for the determination of the analyte in sunscreen formulations by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique.
These Secondary Standards are qualified as Certified Reference Materials. 

These are suitable for use in several analytical applications including but not limited to pharma release testing, pharma method development for qualitative and quantitative analyses, food and beverage quality control testing, and other calibration requirements.
Ensulizole, also known as 2-Phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid, is primarily used as an active ingredient in sunscreen formulations due to its ability to effectively absorb ultraviolet (UV) radiation, particularly within the UVB spectrum (290–320 nm). 

However, its applications extend beyond just sunscreens, as it is also found in a wide range of cosmetic, skincare, and personal care products that incorporate sun protection benefits.
One of the most important uses of Ensulizole is in sunscreen lotions, creams, and sprays formulated to protect the skin from UV-induced damage, such as sunburn, premature aging, and skin cancer. 
Ensulizole is frequently included in broad-spectrum sunscreens, but because it mainly absorbs UVB rays, it is often combined with UVA filters like avobenzone or zinc oxide to ensure comprehensive sun protection.

Ensulizole is commonly used in formulations designed to feel non-greasy, quick-absorbing, and comfortable for daily use, making it ideal for facial sunscreens that do not clog pores or feel heavy on the skin.
Due to its water solubility, Ensulizole is often included in clear gel sunscreens or mist formulations, which offer easy application and an invisible finish.
While Ensulizole itself is water-soluble, it can be formulated with water-resistant agents to enhance its effectiveness in products meant for sports, swimming, or outdoor activities.

Ensulizole is widely incorporated into daily skincare formulations that include sun protection, allowing people to protect their skin from UV exposure while following their regular skincare routine. 
It is particularly beneficial in lightweight, non-comedogenic formulations, making it suitable for people with oily, acne-prone, or sensitive skin who prefer sunscreens that do not leave a greasy or heavy residue.
Ensulizole is a versatile and widely used UV filter that plays a crucial role in sun protection across various skincare, cosmetic, and personal care products. 

Its ability to provide lightweight, water-soluble, and cosmetically elegant sun protection makes it ideal for use in daily-wear sunscreens, foundations, moisturizers, and lip balms with SPF. 
Additionally, it is used in hair care, dermatological treatments, and specialized UV-protective formulations, ensuring comprehensive sun defense across multiple product categories.
Many facial moisturizers contain Ensulizole to provide hydration and sun protection in one product, making them ideal for daily wear without the need for a separate sunscreen application.

Because UV radiation is a major cause of premature aging, wrinkles, and fine lines, many anti-aging skincare products include Ensulizole to prevent photoaging and sun-induced damage.
Since sun exposure worsens hyperpigmentation, dark spots, and uneven skin tone, Ensulizole is often found in brightening serums, lotions, and creams formulated to both correct and prevent discoloration.
Ensulizole is frequently used in cosmetic formulations to provide added sun protection in products that are worn daily, such as foundation, BB creams, CC creams, primers, and setting sprays. 

Since it does not leave a white cast like mineral sunscreens, it is ideal for use in tinted and color cosmetics designed for a wide range of skin tones.
Many foundations include Ensulizole to offer seamless sun protection, allowing wearers to maintain an even skin tone while shielding their skin from UV damage.
These multi-functional beauty products often contain Ensulizole to provide hydration, light coverage, and sun protection in one step, making them convenient for daily wear.

Ensulizole is also included in primers and setting sprays, which help extend makeup wear while ensuring the skin remains protected throughout the day.
Ensulizole is sometimes included in dermatological treatments and pharmaceutical-grade skincare products designed for individuals who require targeted UV protection, such as those with photosensitivity, melasma, rosacea, or post-procedure skin care needs.
After procedures such as laser resurfacing, microneedling, or chemical peels, the skin becomes highly sensitive to sunlight. 

Sunscreens containing Ensulizole are often recommended to protect the skin and promote healing.
Ensulizole is also found in prescription-strength sunscreens designed for individuals with skin conditions such as lupus, vitiligo, or photodermatitis, which require extra sun protection to prevent flare-ups or skin damage.
Although less common, Ensulizole is also included in certain hair care and scalp protection products designed to prevent UV-induced damage to the hair and scalp. 

Sun exposure can lead to hair color fading, dryness, and brittleness, which is why UV filters like Ensulizole are incorporated into products meant to protect the hair from sun-related damage.
Some hair care brands include Ensulizole in their formulations to shield the hair from UV rays, preventing color-treated hair from fading and reducing heat damage from sun exposure.
Because the scalp is often exposed to the sun, certain SPF-containing hair products include Ensulizole to provide UV protection without making the hair greasy or heavy.

Ensulizole is sometimes included in lip balms, lipsticks, and lip glosses that contain sun protection, ensuring that the delicate skin on the lips is shielded from UV damage.
Since lips lack melanin and are more susceptible to sunburn, SPF-infused lip products with Ensulizole help prevent chapping, dryness, and sun-induced aging.
Many brands offer moisturizing lip balms that include Ensulizole to hydrate the lips while preventing sunburn.

Some long-wear lipsticks and glosses contain Ensulizole to provide color and UV protection in one step, ensuring lips remain soft and protected throughout the day.
Ensulizole is also used in body lotions, hand creams, and other personal care products that offer UV protection, ensuring that the hands, arms, and other frequently exposed areas receive adequate sun defense throughout the day.

Because hands are often exposed to UV rays, many hand creams incorporate Ensulizole to help prevent sun damage, dark spots, and premature aging on the hands.
Ensulizole is included in some daily body lotions to provide lightweight sun protection, making them ideal for people who want to hydrate their skin while preventing UV damage without using a separate sunscreen.

Safety Profile:
Ensulizole, also known as 2-Phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid, is a widely used organic UV filter in sunscreens and personal care products due to its ability to absorb ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation (290–320 nm). 
While it is considered safe for topical use in cosmetics, there are potential hazards and safety concerns that have been evaluated by regulatory agencies and scientific studies. 
These concerns include possible skin irritation, allergic reactions, environmental impact, and systemic absorption.

Ensulizole is water-soluble, which makes it less greasy and more lightweight than some other sunscreen ingredients. 
However, like many chemical UV filters, it has been reported to cause skin irritation and sensitization in some individuals, particularly those with sensitive or allergy-prone skin.
Some people may experience redness, itching, burning, or mild stinging after applying products containing Ensulizole, especially if used on broken or inflamed skin.

Although rare, some individuals may develop contact dermatitis, an allergic skin reaction that leads to rashes, swelling, and discomfort.
Since Ensulizole absorbs UVB radiation, it can sometimes lead to photosensitivity reactions when exposed to sunlight, potentially causing red, itchy, or inflamed skin.

Individuals with sensitive skin conditions such as eczema or rosacea may be more prone to irritation or flare-ups when using products containing Ensulizole.
People who have a history of sunscreen allergies should perform a patch test before using products with Ensulizole to check for any adverse reactions.