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ETHYL TRIGLYCOL

Ethyl Triglycol is a type of glycol ether, which is the result from the reaction of alcohols or phenol with ethylene oxide. Ideal for use in hydraulic fluids. Ethyl Triglycol is ideally used in agrochemical, leather, detergent, hydraulic fluid, soluble or self-emulsifying oils, synthesis intermediates, oil field, and paint and varnish applications. This product has other denominations of Ttriethylene glycol ethyl ether and TEGEE.

 

CAS Number: 112-27-6

SYNONYM: 
Triglycol; 2,2'-(Ethane-1,2-diylbis(oxy))diethanol; 2,2'-Ethylenedioxydiethanol; Triethyleneglycol; Trigen; Triethylenglykol; 1,2-Bis(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethane; 2-[2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethanol;2,2'-(Ethylenedioxy)diethanol; 3,6-Dioxaoctane-1,8-diol; Ethanol, 2,2'-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]bis-;Di-beta-hydroxyethoxyethane; 2,2'-Ethylenedioxybis(ethanol); 2,2'-Ethylenedioxyethanol; 2,2'-[ethane-1,2-diylbis(oxy)]diethanol; Triethylene glcol; Glycol bis(hydroxyethyl) ether; Ethylene glycol dihydroxydiethyl ether; Trigol; TEG; Trigenos; Ethylene glycol-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl ether)

Ethyl Triglycol (also known as ethoxy triglycol; triethylene glycol monoethyl ether; and TGEE) has the formula C8H18O4 and is an ethoxy alcohol derivative. Ethyl Triglycol is an odourless, colourless, and viscous liquid that is water soluble and is also hygroscopic. Ethyl Triglycol also has a high boiling point of 256oC and a slow evaporation rate.Ethyl Triglycol is produced in a closed, continuous process by the reaction of ethanol with ethylene oxide in the presence of a catalyst. Ethyl Triglycol is then purified, via distillation, to form the final product.

Ethyl Triglycol monoethyl ether and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether are also co-products of this reaction. Ethyl Triglycol monoethyl ether has a flashpoint of 132oC (closed cup), a specific gravity of 1.02 and is not classified as hazardous for transportation. Ethyl Triglycol should be transported in carbon, steel or stainless steel tanks and should then be stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.  The container should be resealed after use and should be kept upright. Ethyl Triglycol should be stable if stored in recommended conditions. The majority of Ethyl Triglycol is consumed in hydraulic and brake fluids. 

This is because the viscosity of Ethyl Triglycol remains largely constant when temperatures fluctuate, and also because of Ethyl Triglycol high boiling point (256oC).Ethyl Triglycol monoethyl ether is also utilised as both a chemical process solvent and as a chemical intermediate in the production of esters used as plasticisers, surfactants, and solvents. Ethyl Triglycol is also employed as a solvent in the manufacture of protective coatings, adhesives, wood stains and varnish, paint strippers and in household and industrial cleaning formulations.

IUPAC NAME:
2,2'-[ethane-1,2-diylbis(oxy)]diethanol; 2,2′-Oxydi (etan-1-ol)

TRADE NAME:
Ethylene Glycol Antifreeze Grade; Ethylene Glycol Industrial Grade; Glikol trietylenowy; Glycol bis(hydroxyethyl) ether; ETG; Triethylene Glycol HP; Triethylene Glycol Technical Grade; Triethylene Glycol

OTHER NAME:
676-18-6; 118662-30-9; 121202-29-7; 939972-01-7; 1629855-96; 4 2224-15-9

Ethyl Triglycol is also employed in the textile industry where Ethyl Triglycol acts as a dye carrier in textile dyeing processes and Ethyl Triglycol also acts as a coupling agent for resins and dyes in other water-based printing inks. Ethyl Triglycol is also utilised as a solubilizer for incompatible liquids in the production of insecticides and is also employed in the detergent industry in hand-wash pastes. Ethyl Triglycol is this variety of applications that means many of us are in contact with Ethyl Triglycol on a regular basis.  Household products which may contain Ethyl Triglycol include disinfectants, surface cleaners, paint, paint strippers, floor polish, marker pens, and automotive brake fluid. 

Ethyl Triglycol is a ethoxy-alcohol derivative. The ether being relatively unreactive. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of alcohols with alkali metals, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. They react with oxoacids and carboxylic acids to form esters plus water. Oxidizing agents convert alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Alcohols exhibit both weak acid and weak base behavior. They may initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides.

Triethylene glycol, Ethyl Triglycol, or triglycol is a colorless odorless viscous liquid. Ethyl Triglycol is used as a plasticizer for vinyl polymers. Ethyl Triglycol is also used in air sanitizer products, such as "Oust"or "Clean and Pure". When aerosolized Ethyl Triglycol acts as a disinfectant. Glycols are also used as liquid desiccants for natural gas and in air conditioning systems. Ethyl Triglycol is an additive for hydraulic fluids and brake fluids and is used as a base for "smoke machine" fluid in the entertainment industry.

Ethyl Triglycol is a member of a homologous series of dihydroxy alcohols. Ethyl Triglycol is a colorless, odorless and stable liquid with high viscosity and a high boiling point. Apart from Ethyl Triglycol use as a raw material in the manufacture and synthesis of other products, Ethyl Triglycol is known forEthyl Triglycol hygroscopic quality and Ethyl Triglycol ability to dehumidify fluids. This liquid is miscible with water, and at a pressure of 101.325 kPa has a boiling point of 286.5 °C and a freezing point of -7 °C. Ethyl Triglycol  is also soluble in ethanol, acetone, acetic acid, glycerine, pyridine, aldehydes; slightly soluble in diethyl ether; and insoluble in oil, fat and most hydrocarbons.

Ethyl Triglycol is used by the oil and gas industry to "dehydrate" natural gas. Ethyl Triglycol may also be used to dehydrate other gases, including CO2, H2S, and other oxygenated gases. Ethyl Triglycol is necessary to dry natural gas to a certain point, as humidity in natural gas can cause pipelines to freeze, and create other problems for end users of the natural gas. Ethyl Triglycol is placed into contact with natural gas, and strips the water out of the gas. Ethyl Triglycol is heated to a high temperature and put through a condensing system, which removes the water as waste and reclaims the Ethyl Triglycol for continuous reuse within the system.

The waste Ethyl Triglycol produced by this process has been found to contain enough benzene to be classified as hazardous waste.
Ethyl Triglycol is well established as a relatively mild disinfectant toward a variety of bacteria, influenza A viruses and spores of Penicillium notatum fungi. However, Ethyl Triglycol exceptionally low toxicity, broad materials compatibility, and low odor combined with Ethyl Triglycol antimicrobial properties indicates that Ethyl Triglycol approaches the ideal for air disinfection purposes in occupied spaces.

Much of the scientific work with Ethyl Triglycol was done in the 1940s and 1950s, however that work has ably demonstrated the antimicrobial activity against airborne, solution suspension, and surface bound microbes. The ability of Ethyl Triglycol to inactivate Streptococcus pneumoniae Streptococcus pyogenes and Influenza A virus in the air was first reported in 1943. The latter investigation suggests that Ethyl Triglycol may prove to be a potent weapon against future influenza epidemics and pandemics.

However, at least some viruses, including Pseudomonas phage phi6 become more infectious when treated with triethylene glycol. Ethyl Triglycol is a transparent liquid, a by-product of ethylene and diethylene glycol production. Ethyl Triglycol is used in the chemical industry (production of low-freezing liquids, oligoester acrylates), as well as in oil and gas production (as a drying agent).
Ethyl Triglycol is an odorless, colorless liquid also known as triglycol or Ethyl Triglycol. Ethyl Triglycol has a high viscosity and boiling point, as well as a number of unique properties that are used in manufacturing and industry.

Ethyl Triglycol is a type of dihydroxy alcohol. Ethyl Triglycol is viscous and miscible with water. Ethyl Triglycol molar mass is 150.17 g·mol−1. Ethyl Triglycol has a 1.1255 g/mL density, a boiling point of 545 degrees Fahrenheit (285°C), and a melting point of 19°F (-7°C). Production of Ethyl Triglycol involves oxidizing ethylene at high temperatures using a silver oxide catalyst. This process produces ethylene oxide, which is refined to produce mono-, di-, or triethylene glycol.Ethyl Triglycol is a clear, colorless, odorless, hygroscopic liquid. uses, a dehydrating agent for natural gas, a solvent and lubricant in textile dyeing and printing, a plasticizer; a raw material for the production of polyester resins and polyols, a humectant, a constituent of hydraulic fluids, and a selective solvent for aromatics. 

Natural gas refineries use Ethyl Triglycol to dehydrate natural gas, among other substances. Doing so helps prevent pipeline damage due to freezing and other issues that can affect the quality of the product when Ethyl Triglycol reaches Ethyl Triglycol end user. Ethyl Triglycol is a common plasticizer used to improve the flexibility of vinyl polymers. Ethyl Triglycol low color and low volatility make Ethyl Triglycol suitable for use in flooring, automotive safety glass, and residential and commercial windows.

Ethyl Triglycol has natural antimicrobial properties that, combined with Ethyl Triglycol low odor and low toxicity, make Ethyl Triglycol a useful component of air sanitizers and other home products. Ethyl Triglycol is effective against airborne, solution-suspended, and surface-bound microbes such as E. coli., pneumococcus, and influenza A, among other pathogens. Cosmetics, hair conditioner, shampoo, cleaning compounds, emulsifier, freeze point depressant, ink solvent, steam set printing ink, unsaturated polyester resin, plasticizer Ethyl Triglycol is used in textile dyeing.

Ethyl Triglycol is a colorless, viscous liquid with a slight odor. Ethyl Triglycol is non-flammable, mildly toxic, and considered non-hazardous. Ethyl Triglycol is a member of a homologous series of dihydroxy alcohols. Ethyl Triglycol is used as a plasticizer for vinyl polymers as well as in the manufacture of air sanitizer and other consumer products.Ethyl Triglycol is recognized for Ethyl Triglycol hygroscopic quality and ability to dehumidify fluids. Ethyl Triglycol is miscible with water and soluble in ethanol, acetone, acetic acid, glycerine, pyridine, and aldehydes. Ethyl Triglycol is slightly soluble in diethyl ether, and insoluble in oil, fat, and most hydrocarbons.
Ethyl Triglycol is commercially produced as a co-product of the oxidation of ethylene at a high temperature in the presence of silver oxide catalyst, followed by hydration of ethylene oxide to yield mono, di, tri, and tetraethylene glycols.

The oil and gas industries use Ethyl Triglycol to dehydrate natural gas as well as other gases including CO2, H2S, and other oxygenated gases. Industrial uses include adsorbents and absorbents, functional fluids in both closed and open systems, Intermediates, petroleum production processing aids, and solvents. Ethyl Triglycol is used in the manufacture of a host of consumer products that include anti-freeze, automotive care products, building and construction materials, cleaning and furnishing care products, fabric, textile, and leather products, fuels and related products, lubricants and greases, paints and coatings, personal care products, and plastic and rubber products.

Ethyl Triglycol, also known as Ethyl Triglycol or triglycol, is used as plasticizer for vinyl polymers. Ethyl Triglycol can also act as disinfectants when aerosolized, being used in air sanitizer products. Additionally Ethyl Triglycol is used as additive for hydraulic and brake fluids. Triethylene glycol, Ethyl Triglycol, or triglycol is a colorless odorless viscous liquid with molecular formula HOCH2CH2OCH2CH2OCH2CH2OH. Ethyl Triglycol is used as a plasticizer for vinyl polymers. Ethyl Triglycol is also used in air sanitizer products, such as "Oust" or "Clean and Pure".

When aerosolized Ethyl Triglycol acts as a disinfectant. Glycols are also used as liquid desiccants for natural gas and in air conditioning systems. Ethyl Triglycol is an additive for hydraulic fluids and brake fluids and is used as a base for "smoke machine" fluid in the entertainment industry. Ethyl Triglycol is a member of a homologous series of dihydroxy alcohols. Ethyl Triglycol is a colorless, odorless and stable liquid with high viscosity and a high boiling point. Apart from Ethyl Triglycol use as a raw material in the manufacture and synthesis of other products, Ethyl Triglycol is known for Ethyl Triglycol hygroscopic quality and Ethyl Triglycol ability to dehumidify fluids. Ethyl Triglycol is miscible with water, and at a pressure of 101.325 kPa has a boiling point of 286.5 degrees Celsius and a freezing point of -7 degrees C.

Ethyl Triglycol is also soluble in ethanol, acetone, acetic acid, glycerine, pyridine, aldehydes; slightly soluble in diethyl ether; and insoluble in oil, fat and most hydrocarbons. Ethyl Triglycol is prepared commercially as a co-product of the oxidation of ethylene at high temperature in the presence of silver oxide catalyst, followed by hydration of ethylene oxide to yield mono(one)-, di(two)-, tri(three)- and tetraethylene glycols.Ethyl Triglycol is used by the oil and gas industry to "dehydrate" natural gas. Ethyl Triglycol may also be used to dehydrate other gases, including CO2, H2S, and other oxygenated gases.

Ethyl Triglycol is necessary to dry natural gas to a certain point, as humidity in natural gas can cause pipelines to freeze, and create other problems for end users of the natural gas. Ethyl Triglycol is placed into contact with natural gas, and strips the water out of the gas. Ethyl Triglycol is heated to a high temperature and put through a condensing system, which removes the water as waste and reclaims the Ethyl Triglycol for continuous reuse within the system. The waste Ethyl Triglycol produced by this process has been found to contain enough benzene to be classified as hazardous waste (benzene concentration greater than 0.5 mg/L).
 
Ethyl Triglycol is a colorless liquid with a mild odor. Ethyl Triglycol dense than water. Ethyl Triglycol is a larger molecule than MEG, DEG and has two ether groups. Ethyl Triglycol is less clear and less hygroscopic than DEG, but has a higher boiling point, density and viscosity. Ethyl Triglycol is obtained in the reaction of ethylene oxide hydration as a by-product of the monoethylene glycol (MEG) synthesis. Ethyl Triglycol is then separated and purified in the rectification process.

Ethyl Triglycol is a larger molecule than MEG, DEG and has two ether groups. Ethyl Triglycol   is less clear and less hygroscopic than DEG, but has a higher boiling point, density and viscosity.Ethyl Triglycol is a colorless, viscous liquid with a slight odor. Ethyl Triglycol   is non-flammable, mildly toxic, and considered non-hazardous. Ethyl Triglycol   is a member of a homologous series of dihydroxy alcohols.Ethyl Triglycol   is used as a plasticizer for vinyl polymers as well as in the manufacture of air sanitizer and other consumer products.
 
The oil and gas industries use Ethyl Triglycol to dehydrate natural gas as well as other gases including CO2, H2S, and other oxygenated gases. Industrial uses include adsorbents and absorbents, functional fluids in both closed and open systems, Intermediates, petroleum production processing aids, and solvents. Ethyl Triglycol is used in the manufacture of a host of consumer products that include anti-freeze, automotive care products, building and construction materials, cleaning and furnishing care products, fabric, textile, and leather products, fuels and related products, lubricants and greases, paints and coatings, personal care products, and plastic and rubber products Ethyl Triglycol is an important non-volatile industrial solvent.

Ethyl Triglycol is also useful in the dehydration of gases, manufacture of insecticides and in the synthesis of some organic derivatives. Pure Ethyl Triglycol is useful in the production of plasticizers for cellophane, glue, cork, powdered ceramics and some plastics. Ethyl Triglycol is a component in the formulation of some pigments, printing dyes, inks and pastes. Ethyl Triglycol is also used for air fumigation. Ethyl Triglycol is widely used as a solvent. Ethyl Triglycol has a high flash point, emits no toxic vapors, and is not absorbed through the skin.Ethyl Triglycol is viscous at room temperature. Ethyl Triglycol is colorless, odorless, and sweet-tasting. Ethyl Triglycol is miscible in water in all ratios.

Ethyl Triglycol is the third members of a homologous series of dihydroxyalcohols. Ethyl Triglycol is produced in the Master Process by the direct hydration of ethylene oxide. Ethyl Triglycol is co-produced with MEG and DEG Ethyl Triglycol is a colourless liquid. Ethyl Triglycol   is used in a variety of applications and is only available in one single high purity grade. The markets for Ethyl Triglycol products are plasticiser for polymer fibres, coolants in automobile antifreeze, and resins. The excellent humectant (hygroscopicity) property of Ethyl Triglycol   also makes Ethyl Triglycol ideal for use in fibres treatment, paper, adhesives, printing inks, leather and cellophane. In the oil and gas industry, Ethyl Triglycol use is to dehydrate gases.

Ethyl Triglycol in the manufacture or preparation of foods or pharmaceuticals where glycol is not further reacted to produce a derivative product; or in aircraft de-icing applications. Under normal conditions of use, Ethyl Triglycol is not expected to cause irritation to the skin, eyes or respiratory tract. However, in applications where vapours or mists are created, inhalation may cause irritation to the respiratory system. Ethyl Triglycol is readily biodegradable, has a low potential to bioaccumulate and has low toxicity to aquatic organisms. Ethyl Triglycol is not flammable, unless preheated. Ethyl Triglycol is an odorless, colorless liquid also known as triglycol or TEG. Ethyl Triglycol   has a high viscosity and boiling point, as well as a number of unique properties that are used in manufacturing and industry.
 
Ethyl Triglycol is a type of dihydroxy alcohol. Ethyl Triglycol is viscous and miscible with water. Molar mass of Ethyl Triglycol    is 150.17 g·mol−1. Ethyl Triglycol    has a 1.1255 g/mL density, a boiling point of 545 degrees Fahrenheit (285°C), and a melting point of 19°F (-7°C). Production of Ethyl Triglycol   involves oxidizing ethylene at high temperatures using a silver oxide catalyst. This process produces ethylene oxide, which is refined to produce mono-, di-, or triethylene glycol.Ethyl Triglycol is a transparent liquid, a by-product of ethylene and diethylene glycol production. Ethyl Triglycol   is used in the chemical industry (production of low-freezing liquids, oligoester acrylates), as well as in oil and gas production (as a drying agent). Ethyl Triglycol is used by the oil and gas industry to "dehydrate" natural gas. 

Ethyl Triglycol may also be used to dehydrate other gases, including CO2, H2S, and other oxygenated gases. Ethyl Triglycol is necessary to dry natural gas to a certain point, as humidity in natural gas can cause pipelines to freeze, and create other problems for end users of the natural gas. Ethyl Triglycol is placed into contact with natural gas, and strips the water out of the gas. Ethyl Triglycol is heated to a high temperature and put through a condensing system, which removes the water as waste and reclaims the Ethyl Triglycol for continuous reuse within the system.

The waste Ethyl Triglycol  produced by this process has been found to contain enough benzene to be classified as hazardous waste (benzene concentration greater than 0.5 mg/L). Ethyl Triglycol is well established as a relatively mild disinfectant toward a variety of bacteria, influenza A viruses and spores of Penicillium notatum fungi. However,Ethyl Triglycol exceptionally low toxicity, broad materials compatibility, and low odor combined with Ethyl Triglycol antimicrobial properties indicates that Ethyl Triglycol approaches the ideal for air disinfection purposes in occupied spaces.

Ethyl Triglycol Bacteriostat (against odor-causing bacteria) for air sanitization and deodorization. In combination with other active ingredients, a fungicide, virucide and miticide for disinfection of hard, non-porous surfaces and as an insecticide (against lice) by direct application to caged birds and to the cage. As an inert ingredient, Ethyl Triglycol facilitates delivery of formulated pesticide chemical products that are used as herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, growth regulators and attractants on a wide variety of agricultural commodities.

Ethyl Triglycol used as a humectant in tobacco, as a plasticizer, and as a selective solvent. Ethyl Triglycol is a valuable intermediate for the manufacture of plasticizers, resins, emulsifiers, demulsifiers, lubricants, and explosives, and many others.Ethyl Triglycol is described as an oligomer of ethylene glycol. So-called polyglycols are higher molecular weight adducts of ethylene oxide and distinguised by intervening ether linkages in the hydrocarbon chain.

Ethyl Triglycol in the manufacture or preparation of foods or pharmaceuticals where glycol is not further reacted to produce a derivative product; or in aircraft de-icing applications. Under normal conditions of use, Ethyl Triglycol is not expected to cause irritation to the skin, eyes or respiratory tract. However, in applications where vapours or mists are created, inhalation may cause irritation to the respiratory system. No ceiling on worker exposure has been set by the American Conference of Governmental Hygienists (ACGIH), neither has a Workplace Exposure Limit been established for Ethyl Triglycol. Ethyl Triglycol is readily biodegradable, has a low potential to bioaccumulate and has low toxicity to aquatic organisms.

Ethyl Triglycol is not flammable, unless preheated. Ethyl Triglycol is transported by tank truck, rail car and vessel. Most Ethyl Triglycol shipments are directly from the point of manufacture to the customer, although depots and distributors are used in some countries.
Ethyl Triglycol is a ether-alcohol derivative. The ether being relatively unreactive. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of alcohols with alkali metals, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. They react with oxoacids and carboxylic acids to form esters plus water. Oxidizing agents convert alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Alcohols exhibit both weak acid and weak base behavior. They may initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides. Reacts with strong oxidants.

Ethyl Triglycol are colorless and flammable polar liquids that can be readily miscible with alcohol, liquid esters, ether, acetone, and water. They can dissolve many oils, resins, and waxes. Ethyl Triglycol the initial materials for the preparation of glycol ethers are ethane oxide (giving ethylene glycol ethers), propane oxide (giving propylene glycol ethers), and alcohols of the desired carbon chain length. Ethyl Triglycol the reaction always results in a mixture of mono-, di-, and triglycol ethers, which are then distilled to the required purity.

Ethyl Triglycol in order to increase their volatility, the free hydroxyl group of the ether can be esterified, usually with acetic acid. Glycol ethers have several applications in industry as lubricants, colorants, and plasticizers. Ethyl Triglycol extensively used as solvents in industrial processes and manufacturing and as thinner and viscosity improving agents in coating processes.Due to the formation of highly explosive peroxides in the air (not in the solution), they should be protected from heat and other ignition sources. If they catch on fire, toxic gases such as carbon oxides may be produced.

Ethyl Triglycol is the next higher molecular weight polymer after diethylene glycol in the series of polyethylene glycols. This series consists of subunits of Ethyl Triglycol joined by an ether link. As the number of subunits increases, the polyethylene glycols are typically a mixture of varying chain lengths and are described by a number (e.g., PEG-3350). This number denotes the average molecular weight of the mixture. These compounds are liquids at room temperatures until the molecular weight exceeds 1000 daltons, after which they become solids and are termed carbowaxes.

The weight also decreases substantially with increasing molecular weight. The higher polyethylene glycols are commonly used as excipients in medications and ointments. Ethyl Triglycol intravenous lorazepam contains nearly 20% PEG-400, and burn ointments may contain over 99% PEG-300. PEG-3350 combined with an electrolyte solution (PEG-ELS) is used as a bowel evacuant for whole bowel irrigation. Ethyl Triglycol is a commonly used solvent and ingredient in numerous commercial products. 

Ethyl Triglycol  is used as a dehydrating agent for natural gas processing; as a lubricating and finishing agent for textiles; a constituent in brake fluids, lubricants, antifreeze formulations, wallpaper strippers and in artificial fog solutions; a solvent for printing inks and textile dyes; and is used as an intermediate in the production of some resins, Ethyl Triglycol, surfactants, and diethylene glycol esters and ethers is prepared commercially through heating ethylene oxide and glycol forming two ethylene glycol molecules joined by an ether bond. Once believed to be broken down into two ethylene glycol molecules, Ethyl Triglycol is now known that diethylene glycol is metabolized to distinct metabolites different than ethylene glycol.

Ethyl Triglycol production and use a fragrance ingredient in cosmetics, as a solvent, plasticizer in vinyl, polyester and polyurethane resins, as a humectant in printing inks, and in the dehydration of natural gas may result in Ethyl Triglycol release to the environment through various waste streams; Ethyl Triglycol's use as a bacteriostat and as an inert ingredient to facilitate delivery of formulated pesticide products will result in Ethyl Triglycol direct release to the environment. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 1.32X10-3 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates Ethyl Triglycol will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. 

Vapor-phase Ethyl Triglycol will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 11 hours. Alcohols and ethers do not absorb light at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore Ethyl Triglycol is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. Ethyl Triglycol plasticizer is compatible with PVC and with PVB resins.  Offers low color, low viscosity and low volatility during processing. The low viscosity makes Ethyl Triglycol particularly suitable for use in plastisols to improve the processing characteristics. In PVC, Ethyl Triglycol is generally blended with plasticizers such as DOP or DOTP for optimum performance. For PVB resins, Ethyl Triglycol offers low viscosity for ease of compounding and low color for excellent clarity in automotive and residential and commercial window applications.

Ethyl Triglycol and other polyethylene glycols are polymers of ethylene glycol. The number in the name represents the average number of ethylene glycol units. The letter associated with the number stands for 1000, so PEG-25M is has an average of 25,000 units of ethylene glycol. The polyethylene glycol polymers are used in a wide variety of products including bath products, shaving products, skin care products, makeup, skin cleansing products, shampoo, hair conditioners and deodorants. Polyethylene Glycols are polymers of ethylene glycol. In addition to being named based on the number of units of ethylene glycol, they may also be named based on the molecular weight of the compound. For example, PEG-8 is also known as Polyethylene Glycol 400, where 400 represents the average molecular weight of the compound.

Ethyl Triglycol mixes easily with water and many organic compounds, and makes an effective solvent for use in paints, lacquers and varnish, as well as personal care and household cleaning products. As an additive to cleaning products, Ethyl Triglycol is also used as a preservative because Ethyl Triglycol is effective in knocking out organisms that could pose a danger to consumers. As a food additive, Ethyl Triglycol can help evenly distribute food coloring, as well as enhance the flavor of food extracts. For example, vanilla extract, a common food flavoring, is made by curing and processing vanilla beans in a solution of Ethyl Triglycol and water.

In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) only allows vanilla to be called “extract” when Ethyl Triglycol has an alcohol or Ethyl Triglycol base. More than 97 percent of U.S. gasoline contains Ethyl Triglycol, typically in a mixture called E10, made up of 10 percent Ethyl Triglycol and 90 percent gasoline, to oxygenate the fuel and reduce air pollution. Ethyl Triglycol has a higher octane number than gasoline, providing premium blending properties, according to the U.S. Department of Energy. Minimum octane number requirements prevent engine knocking and maintain drivability.

Ethyl Triglycol is a grain alcohol that can be blended with gasoline and used in motor vehicles. Many gasoline stations provide a blended fuel, which typically is 10 percent Ethyl Triglycol and 90 percent gasoline. Vehicles do not need any modifications to use this blend of fuel. Flex fuel vehicles, which have modifications to the fuel systems, can use E85, which is a blend of up to 85 percent Ethyl Triglycol and 15 percent gasoline. With the modifications, these vehicles can use straight gasoline or any blend of Ethyl Triglycol up to 85 percent.

Ethyl Triglycol can be fermented from many sources of starch, including corn, wheat, grain sorghum, barley, and potatoes, and from sugar crops such as sugar cane and sweet sorghum. Because there has been has been an abundant supply of corn, most of the Ethyl Triglycol made in the United States is from corn. Most of the Ethyl Triglycol is produced in the Midwest and Upper Midwest where Ethyl Triglycol plants are close to and have a consistent supply of corn, access to water resources, and have livestock production nearby. A by-product of Ethyl Triglycol production is distillers grains, which can be fed to livestock either wet or dried.

Because the wet distillers grains are perishable and heavy, which adds to transportation costs, they are usually used within a 100 mile radius of an Ethyl Triglycol plant. Distillers grains are more stable and easier to transport when an Ethyl Triglycol producer dries them, however that increases the energy cost for the Ethyl Triglycol producer. Distillers grains retain many of the nutrients from corn, since only the starch has been removed. Due to the high fiber content most of the distillers grains are fed to beef and dairy cattle, however, they can also be used as poultry and pig feed.

In most of the newer Ethyl Triglycol plants, also known as "dry grind" plants, the corn kernels are finely ground into small particles. Then water is added to the ground corn along with enzymes to convert the starch for fermentation. The mixture, also known as mash, is cooked to break the starch down further. The mash is removed from the cookers and allowed to cool before a second enzyme (glucoamalyse) is added to the mash.

This enzyme helps turn the liquid starch into sugars. Yeast is added to the mash and the fermentation creates Ethyl Triglycol and carbon dioxide. After about two days, the fermentation process is complete and the mash is heated again. During the heating process, the Ethyl Triglycol evaporates into a vapor that is collected, while the remaining corn and yeast solids remain. The Ethyl Triglycol vapor is cooled and condenses into a liquid. This liquid is dehydrated to remove excess water from the Ethyl Triglycol, making "anhydrous" Ethyl Triglycol suitable for blending with gasoline.

Ethyl Triglycol can also be produced by a wet milling process that separates the corn into several different components and affords many options for end products, including Ethyl Triglycol. Wet mills are much more complex, and have a much higher capital cost than dry grind plants.Despite the established base of Ethyl Triglycol plants using starch-containing grains as the feedstocks, other interesting ways of making fuel alcohols by fermentation exist. Cellulose, the most abundant bio-based material on earth, consists of sugar molecules that can be broken apart and fermented by certain organisms and/or enzymes.

Currently, researchers are studying ways to make Ethyl Triglycol from cellulose that is extracted from biomass, such as corn cobs, corn stover (stalks and leaves), straw from wheat or rice, perennial grasses, such as Miscanthus and switchgrass, and wood waste from the forestry and paper industries.Truck and rail transportation are the major modes of moving Ethyl Triglycol to the blending terminals, where Ethyl Triglycol is mixed with gasoline to form the E-10 or E-85 blends for consumer engine use. Currently Ethyl Triglycol is not transported by pipelines that are designed and used for petroleum-based products, however a few companies are testing shipping Ethyl Triglycol this way.

Using the more expensive truck, rail and barge transportation increases the costs to the markets most distant from the Ethyl Triglycol plants. Ethyl Triglycol is a good fuel for use in spark-ignition engines. Ethyl Triglycol has a high octane number, making Ethyl Triglycol attractive as an antiknock additive in gasoline. Ethyl Triglycol can be used as an additive for diesel (biodiesel). Ethyl Triglycol is also an important feedstock for the chemical industry

Ethyl Triglycol production results in a net energy gain according to some authoritative life-cycle analyses producing about 67 percent more energy than Ethyl Triglycol takes to grow and process the corn into Ethyl Triglycol. The "energy balance often quoted can be misleading, since the Ethyl Triglycol industry is changing rapidly to capture further efficiencies and produce more value-added products from the grain feedstocks. One of the ways to increase this efficiency is to create cellulosic Ethyl Triglycol from the co-product DDGS, which is already at the Ethyl Triglycol plant and use the corn cobs and corn stover (leaves and stems) as fuel instead of natural gas.

Ethyl Triglycol is used in medical wipes and most commonly in antibacterial hand sanitizer gels as an antiseptic for Ethyl Triglycol bactericidal and anti-fungal effects. Ethyl Triglycol kills microorganisms by dissolving their membrane lipid bilayer and denaturing their proteins, and is effective against most bacteria and fungi and viruses. However,Ethyl Triglycolis ineffective against bacterial spores, but that can be alleviated by using hydrogen peroxide. 

A solution of 70% Ethyl Triglycol is more effective than pure Ethyl Triglycol because Ethyl Triglycol relies on water molecules for optimal antimicrobial activity. Absolute Ethyl Triglycol may inactivate microbes without destroying them because the alcohol is unable to fully permeate the microbe's membrane. Ethyl Triglycol can also be used as a disinfectant and antiseptic because Ethyl Triglycol causes cell dehydration by disrupting the osmotic balance across cell membrane, so water leaves the cell leading to cell death

 

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